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Association Between Plasma Homocysteine, Vitamin Status, And Extracranial Carotid-Artery Stenosis In The Framingham Study Population, Jacob Selhub, Paul F. Jacques, Andrew G. Bostrom, Ralph B. D'Agostino, Peter W. F. Wilson, Albert J. Belanger, Daniel H. O'Leary, Philip A. Wolf, David Rush, Ernst J. Schaefer, Irwin H. Rosenberg

United States Public Health Resources

Recent epidemiologic studies suggest that elevated homocysteine concentrations in plasma represent a risk factor for vascular disease and stroke. In the present study, we analyzed plasma samples from the 20th biannual examination of the Framingham Heart Study cohort to determine distribution of plasma homocysteine concentrations, with emphasis on relationships to vitamins that are involved in homocysteine metabolism and prevalence of carotid artery stenosis. Results showed that homocysteine was positively correlated with age. After controlling for age and sex, homocysteine exhibited strong inverse correlation with plasma folate, and weaker correlations with plasma vitamin B₁₂ and pyridoxal- 5' -phosphate. Homocysteine was …

Cystathionine Β-Synthase Deficiency: Metabolic Aspects, S. Harvey Mudd

United States Public Health Resources

Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) deficiency was first demonstrated in 1964 in an eight-year-old mentally retarded girl with bilaterally dislocated optic lenses who excreted abnormally elevated amounts of homocystine in her urine. Patients with similar metabolic abnormalities and clinical findings had first been discovered 2 years earlier by Carson and her colleagues during a survey of mentally backward children in Northern Ireland. CBS deficiency has proven to be the most frequently encountered of the human genetic diseases causing homocystinuria and severe hyperhomocyst(e)inemia. Worldwide, it is detected with a frequency of about 1: 344,000 by screening programs of the newborn, but this is …

Blood Homocysteine Levels In The National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (Nhanes Iii) In The United States: Preliminary Findings By Age And Sex, Irwin H. Rosenberg, Jacob Selhub, Paul F. Jacques, Barbara A. Bowman, Elaine W. Gunter, Clifford L. Johnson, R. S. Murphy

United States Public Health Resources

Evidence from scores of observational studies from many parts of the world have demonstrated an association between elevated blood total homocysteine levels and the risk of cardiovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, and stroke. These conditions are more prevalent in males than in females in virtually all populations studied, and their prevalence increases with advancing age. A much smaller body of data exists that describes an increasing tendency to higher homocysteine levels with increasing age.

There have been no previous reports of blood homocysteine levels measured in a cross-sectional sample throughout the age spectrum from childhood through the elderly. However, the …

The Etiology Of Neural Tube Defects, J. M. Scott, D. G. Weir, A. Molloy, J. Mcpartlin, Leslie Daly, P. Kirke, M. Conley, J. Lee, J. Mills

United States Public Health Resources

Evidence continues to confirm that periconceptional ingestion of folic acid can prevent neural tube defects, although the basis of this prevention has been unclear. To further elucidate the mechanism by which this occurs, blood samples were collected from more than 50,000 pregnant women and the samples analyzed for red cell folate, plasma folate, plasma vitamin B12, and plasma homocysteine levels. Based on the results, it appears that the beneficial effect of folic acid is in overcoming a metabolic block in a folatedependent enzyme or transport process. It is likely that methionine synthase may be directly or indirectly involved.

The neural …

Proceedings, The Range Beef Cow Symposium Xv. December 9, 10 And 11, 1997, Rapid City, South Dakota

Range Beef Cow Symposium

The Range Beef Cow Symposium is sponsored by the Cooperative Extension Service and Animal Science Departments of South Dakota State University, Colorado State University, the University of Wyoming and the University of Nebraska. The Symposium has a reputation of being an excellent educational program for commercial cow-calf producers, industry and Extension personnel. It is held every other year with the location rotating among the cooperating states.

Agenda and Proceedings Contents

Morning Ramrod: Dr. Jim Males, Head, Department of Animal & Range Sciences, South Dakota State University

Welcome - Dr. Robert Wagner, President, South Dakota State University

Industry Issues

Food Safety …

Sites Other Than Nucleotide 234 Determine Cardiovirulence In Natural Isolates Of Coxsackievirus B3, Nora M. Chapman, Jose R. Romero, Mark A. Pallansch, Steven Tracy

United States Public Health Resources

The genetic site(s) that naturally determine the cardiovirulence phenotype of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) have yet to be mapped. Using two closely related CVB3 strains that differed in terms of cardiovirulence phenotype in mice, we previously reported the difference in phenotype mapped to a single site, nucleotide 234 (nt234) in the 58 non-translated region (NTR) of the CVB3 genome. When nt234 was C, the virus was attenuated and when U, the virus was cardiovirulent. To determine whether this finding was applicable to other strains of CVB3, we examined 13 different naturally occurring CVB3 strains isolated in different years in the United …

Evaluating Breakeven For Various Management Systems For Different Breed Types From Weaning To Slaughter, Cynthia Hayden, Ivan G. Rush, Burt Weichenthal, Brad Van Pelt

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Maximizing summer pasture gain after utilizing cornstalk grazing resulted in lower overall cost of production.

Effect Of Crop Residue Grazing On Crop Production- Update Of Research Activities, Gary Lesoing, D. J. Jordon, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Crop residues provide an inexpensive feed source during the winter months. Cattle grazing them during this period will not impact subsequent crop yields if managed carefully.

Biochemical Characterization Of A Peptidase Enzyme From The Ruminal Bacterium Prevotella Ruminicola, Humberto Madeira, Mark Morrison

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The characterization by molecular biology techniques of a bacterial enzyme involved with ruminal protein digestion brings new insights and strategies which seek to optimize protein nutrition of beef cattle.

Evaluation Of Corn Bran And Corn Steep Liquor For Finishing Steers, Tony Scott, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Mark Klemesrud, Rick Stock

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Corn steep liquor has a higher energy value than bran and there is an associative effect between steep and bran when fed in combination.

Irrigation Performance Measures: Efficiency And Uniformity, C. M. Burt, A. J. Clemmens, T. S. Strelkoff, K. H. Solomon, R. D. Bliesner, L. A. Hardy, T. A. Howell, Dean E. Eisenhauer

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

It is essential to standardize the definitions and approaches to quantifying various irrigation performance measures. The ASCE Task Committee on Defining Irrigation Efficiency and Uniformity provides a comprehensive examination of various performance indices such as irrigation efficiency, application efficiency, irrigation sagacity, distribution uniformity, and others. Consistency is provided among different irrigation methods and different scales. Clarification of common points of confusion is provided, and methods are proposed whereby the accuracy of numerical values of the performance indicators can be assessed. This issue has two companion papers that provide more detailed information on statistical distribution uniformity and the accuracy of irrigation …

Bt Corn And European Corn Borer, K. R. Ostlie, W. D. Hutchison, R. L. Hellmich

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Authors and Contributors: J.F. Witkowski, J.L. Wedberg, K.L. Steffey, P.E. Sloderbeck, B.D. Siegfried, M.E. Rice, C.D. Pilcher, D.W. Onstad, C.E. Mason, L.C. Lewis, D.A. Landis, A.J. Keaster, F. Huang, R.A. Higgins, M.J. Haas, M.E. Gray, K.L. Giles, J.E. Foster, P.M. Davis, D.D. Calvin, L.L. Buschman, P.C. Bolin, B.D. Barry, D.A. Andow & D.N. Alstad.

Bt Corn & European Corn Borer

Seed companies are now marketing Bt corn, one of the first tangible fruits of biotechnology that has practical implications for U.S. and Canadian corn farmers. Bt corn hybrids produce an insecticidal protein derived from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, commonly called …

Allotment, Alcohol, And The Omahas, Benson Tong

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

"The welfare of the Omaha is close to my heart ... I am living among them and I know what I am writing about," wrote Noah La Flesche in a 1916 letter to the Superintendent of the Omaha School, the field official in charge of the Omaha agency. In a passionate tone, La Flesche went on to plead: "If we had a man who would take the drunken Indian, fine him, put him in jail till he sobered up, drinking would not be so bad. This is going to ruin the Omaha. I ask you to help us ... we …

The Roasted And The Boiled: Food Composition And Heat Treatment With Special Emphasis On Pit-Hearth Cooking, Luann Wandsnider

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

Heat treatment is one of the major ways humans change the composition and chemistry of food tissues, making them more digestible, less toxic, and more durable. This paper reviews salient features of food chemistry and food composition and how heat treatment, especially pit-hearth cooking, affects that composition. Ethnographic accounts of cooking indicate that traditional populations relied on pit-hearth cooking especially to alter the composition of foods high in either lipids or complex carbohydrates. Historically, pit hearths were also used to process large quantities of food. Various kinds of pit hearths figure prominently in the archaeological deposits of the American Great …

Divergent Selection For Heat Loss In Mice: I. Selection Applied And Direct Response Through Fifteen Generations, Merlyn K. Nielsen, L. D. Jones, B. A. Freking, J. A. Deshazer

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Divergent selection for heat production/ loss (kcal•kg^-.75•d^-1) , measured in 9- to 11-wk-old male mice, was conducted for 15 generations. Heat loss was measured for 15 h on individual animals placed overnight in direct, gradient-layer calorimeters. Selection for high (MH) and low (ML) heat loss and unselected control (MC) occurred in each of three replicates for a total of nine unique lines. Repeatability of the heat loss measurement was .45 and the CV was 10.5%. Cumulative realized selection differentials, averaged for the three replicates, were 145.1 and -105.0 (kcal•kg^-.75•d^-1) and ranged from …

Review Of Sanumá Memories: Yanomami Ethnography In A Time Of Crisis. Alcida Rita Ramos. Madison: University Of Wisconsin Press, 1995. Xx, 346 Pp. (Paper)., Raymond B. Hames

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

As I have done considerable research among the Yanomamö,1 it was with anticipation that I received notice of Alcida Ramos' publication of Sanumá Memories. This work is a useful contribution to the large and still expanding research on the Yanomamö, an Amazonian people who have become a classic case study for anthropology and the social sciences. They are probably the most widely read about tribal people in the world, largely a consequence of Napoleon Chagnon's immensely popular ethnography Yanomamö: The Fierce People (first published in 1968 and the most recent edition in 1992).

The Yanomamö have become a focal point …

Scientific Reasoning And Achievement In A High School English Course, Elmer A. Kral

ADAPT Program: Faculty Biographies and Links

The hypothetical-deductive pattern of reasoning, an advanced reasoning model common to science, can be effectively transferred to the study of English and improve both English usage and reasoning skills.

Though educators in the United States say that they already are teaching thinking and that the physical sciences and mathematics offer opportunities for learning higher-order reasoning skills, most observers agree that the goal of teaching students how to think has not been fulfilled. The reasons are varied. Perhaps the most serious deficiency is that teachers have never had a clear notion of just what advanced reasoning is--and just what to do …

G97-1340 Firming Irrigation Furrows To Improve Irrigation Performance (Revised November 1999), Dean E. Eisenhauer, C. Dean Yonts

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes how using a furrow firming wheel improves furrow irrigation performance.

Nearly half of the irrigated acres in Nebraska are furrow irrigated. Higher pumping costs, water restrictions and water shortages are all factors encouraging efficiency-improving irrigation practices. Generally, reduced efficiency with furrow irrigation occurs in two ways: runoff or deep percolation. Although hard to eliminate, runoff can be controlled by: tailwater reuse systems; changing furrow stream size; or changing irrigation set time. Deep percolation is the loss of water below the root zone. The amount of deep percolation caused by irrigation is difficult to estimate unless irrigation application …

G979-1337 Application Uniformity Of In-Canopy Sprinklers (Revised November 1999), C. Dean Yonts, William L. Kranz, Derrel L. Martin

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes water management and system design considerations when using in-canopy sprinklers for center pivot irrigation systems. The goal, when using center pivot irrigation, is to uniformly distribute water on the soil surface. Uniform application of water combined with uniform infiltration of water into the soil gives plants equal access to water. As a method to reduce energy costs, many producers are converting their center pivot systems from high to medium or low pressure sprinkler packages. In response, sprinkler manufacturers have developed new devices for use above and below the center pivot pipeline to uniformly apply water at lower …

Ec97-782 Water Quality Criteria For Irrigation, Glenn J. Hoffman

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

In irrigated agriculture, the hazard of salt water is a constant threat. Poor-quality irrigation water is generally more concerning as the climate changes from humid to arid conditions. Salinity is not normally a threat where precipitation is a major source of salt-free water for crop production. Water entering the soil which is not stored or consumed by evapotranspiration moves through the crop root zone, eventually reaching the water table. This percolating process flushes (leaches) soluble salts. Less rainfall means smaller amounts of precipitation available to leach salts. In Nebraska, rainfall decreases from 30 inches in the east to 15 inches …

Ec97-219 1997 Nebraska Swine Report, Duane Reese

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The 1997 Nebraska Swine Report was prepared by the staff in Animal Science and cooperating Departments for use in Extension, Teaching and Research programs. This publications deals with research on swine reproduction, breeding, health, nutrition, economics, and housing.

Ec97-276 Management Strategies For Pen-Mating Female Pigs, Donald G. Levis

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The master control switch of a pork production enterprise is weaning day. Pork production managers have little or no control concerning when a weaned female will cycle or how long she will be in estrus after weaning. When females are pen-mated, the producer needs to use management procedures to prevent an excessive number of estrous females from expressing the standing response at the same time, try to manage estrous females so that they are bred at the proper time, try to manage boars so they maintain an adequate level of fertility, evaluate boars for level of sexual behavior before and …

Ec97-781 Livestock Systems Environmental Assessment, Richard K. Koelsch

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The goal of this assessment package is to help a livestock producer confidentially evaluate their stewardship of water and air resources. Protecting both the groundwater that supplies your drinking water and the surface waters that provide recreational opportunities is in the interests of every livestock producer. The worksheets will assist you in estimating the quantity of nutrients in the manure from your livestock; guide you through a step-by-step evaluation of your livestock system for possible impacts on water and air quality; and help you identify your operation's enviornmental strengths and weaknesses.

1997 Nebraska Swine Report, Duane E. Reese

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This publication was prepared by the staff in Animal Science and cooperating Departments for use in Extension, Teaching and Research programs. It deals with the results that were done in reproduction, breeding, health, nutrition, seconomics and housing of swine.

Nf97-318 Nebraska Welfare Reform Act, Kathy Prochaska-Cue

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebFact has information on the 1995 Walfare Reform Act.

Ec97-277 Minerals And Vitamins For Beef Cows, Richard J. Rasby, Dennis R. Brink, Ivan G. Rush, Don C. Adams

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Introduction

Mineral supplementation programs range from elaborate, cafeteria-style delivery systems to simple white salt blocks put out periodically by producers. The reason for this diversity: little applicable research available for producers to evaluate mineral supplement programs. There is a need of information regarding mineral composition and availability from various feedstuffs (i.e. pasture grasses, hays, by-products, etc.) and the possible interactions between minerals in the digestive system. Also lacking is a data base to establish accurate estimates of mineral requirements for beef cattle.

Assessing the consequence of mineral deficiencies in the cow, calf or stocker animal is difficult because slightly lowered …

Nf97-332 Contacts For Environmental Issues Affecting Residences Web Sites And Toll-Free And Other Numbers, Shirley Niemeyer

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebFact has information on toll-free and other numbers and addresses dealing with questions relating to the environment and households.

Oviposition Pheromone In The Simulium Damnosum Complex: Biological Activity Of Chemical Fractions From Gravid Ovaries, P. J. Mccall, R. R. Heath, B. D. Dueben, M. D. Wilson

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

Communal oviposition in the Afrotropical blackfly species complex Simulium damnosum Theobald (Diptera: Simuliidae) is mediated by a pheromone emitted by freshly laid eggs. Previously, two compounds (designated peaks A and B) emanating from fresh eggs were shown to be associated with attractiveness to gravid blackflies in bioassay. The present study investigated the role of these compounds by testing the responses of wild-caught Simulium yahense in Ghana to fractionated hexane extracts of gravid ovaries prepared by gas chromatography (GC). Although the fractions were prepared from Sierra Leonean Simulium teonense, GC analysis of the emissions from fresh S. yahense eggs showed …

Control Of Solenopsis Invicta With Teflubenzuron, D. F. Williams, W. A. Banks, C. S. Lofgren

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

Teflubenzuron baits were active against laboratory colonies of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren. Worker brood production ceased soon after treatment and by four weeks posttreatment, most colonies were devoid of brood. Worker ants did not exhibit any direct effects from treatment with teflubenzuron. As is typical with most insect growth regulators, colony mortality was slow and dependent on old- age attrition of the worker ants. A few (<25) female alates were produced in one of the laboratory colonies at 12 weeks posttreatment.

January 1997 - Staff Meetings

ALEC Committee Minutes

No abstract provided.