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Nebraska Bird Review (December 1997) 65 (4), Whole Issue

Nebraska Bird Review

Whooping Crane Sightings, August 1997-January 1998 … 146

A Probable Nesting of Clark's Nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana) in Nebraska … 147

Notes on the Nesting Biology of Pygmy Nuthatches in Nebraska … 150

Fall Field Report, August-November 1997 … 159

Observers for Fall Field Report … 178

Black-throated Sparrow Banded in Omaha, Nebraska … 179

Editor's Comments … 179

Index to Volume 65 (compiled by R. G. Cortelyou) … 180

Puncturing Ability Of Bat Canine Teeth: The Tip, Patricia W. Freeman, William N. Weins

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Casts of upper canine teeth of 15 species of microchiropteran bats were fixed securely into a testing machine and made to puncture the bloom side of an apple. The force necessary to break through the surface of the apple was regressed against both shape of the tip of the canine and the size of the animal. Sharper tips require less force to puncture than blunt ones. Results were also verified using giant two-dimensional models of Plexiglas™ with sharp and blunt tips that were loaded onto a Plexiglas™ beam. Fringes, or stress lines, are more highly concentrated at the point of …

Water Current, Volume 29, No. 6, December 1997

Water Current Newsletter

New Equipment Enhances Water Sciences Laboratory's Research Capabilities
From the Director: USGS/NIWR Cooperation, Joint Programming Increasing; NRI Budget Reductions
27th Water Conference Begins Three-Year Look at "Nebraska Water 2000"
Annual Seminar to Examine Interrelationship of Water, Native Grasslands and Wetlands
Pesticide Container Recycling Hits Six Year Peak
Audubon Launches State Office
Environmental Decision Making Conference
MidAmerica GIS Symposium Comes to Cornhusker Hotel in May
Symposium Proceedings Available from Great Plains Foundation
Water News Briefs
Tips on Water Conservation
Useful Resources
Source Water Protection Conference Coming to Dallas in April
UNL Faculty Bring Home ASAE Educational Blue Ribbons

Evolution Of The Schistosomes (Digenea: Schistosomatoidea): The Origin Of Dioecy And Colonization Of The Venous System, Thomas R. Platt, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Trematodes of the family Schistosomatidae are considered venous system specialists whose sister group is the vascular system generalists (Spirorchidae) of turtles. Colonization of homeotherms by vascular trematodes required precision egg laying near the conduit for egg passage to the external environment and avoidance of pathogenesis that might result in the premature death of the host. Evolution of dioecy from the hermaphroditic condition may have proceeded through androdioecy in which hermaphrodites were specialized for precision egg placement in the vascular system and larger adults became functional males. The evolution of nuclear genes suppressing female function along with cytoplasmic genes suppressing male …

Limited Range Of Genetic Variation In Echinococcus Multilocularis, Heinz Rinder, Robert L. Rausch, Kenichi Takahashi, Hartmuth Kopp, Angelika Thomschke, Thomas Löscher

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

DNA sequencing of 1.3 kb of rDNA containing both internal transcribed spacers (ITS1, ITS2) and adjoining rRNA coding regions in each of 11 Echinococcus multilocularis isolates from Germany, Japan, and Alaska resulted in identical nucleotide sequences except for a single polymorphic locus 54 bp upstream of the 3' end of the 18S coding region, separating Eurasian isolates from an Alaskan isolate. The same base substitution was found in each of two additional isolates from Alaska. The distribution of the resulting genotypes with regard to their origin is highly significant (>99.9%) and corresponds to the traditional subspecies Echinococcus multilocularis multilocularis …

Hexapod Herald - Vol. 10, No. 10, November 18, 1997

Hexapod Herald and Other Entomology Department Newsletters

Grants

Congratulations

Calendar of events

Reminder

Deadlines

From Cheri's desk

Publications

Cropwatch No. 97-25, Nov. 7,1997, Lisa Brown Jasa

Crop Watch (1994–2005)

Inside

Reports from the field..........190

Corn insecticides rated..........192

Ag land values up..........192

Tillage systems compared..........193

Winter Extension..........194

CPMU..........194

Crop Protection Clinics..........194

Pesticide Applicator..........194

Soybean Expo..........195

Indepth workshops..........195

Videotape courses..........196

Repairing damaged trees..........196

Crossflow Microfiltration Of Recombinant Escherichia Coli Lysates After High Pressure Homogenization, Stuart M. Bailey, Michael M. Meagher

Papers in Biotechnology

Abstract: Crossflow membrane filtration was used to process recombinant Escherichia coli cell lysates containing protein inclusion bodies after high pressure homogenization. The number of passes through the high pressure homogenizer changed the viscosities and average particle sizes of the cell lysates. The different cell lysates were processed with a hollow fiber unit containing microfiltration membranes and a plate and frame unit with either ultrafiltration or microfiltration membranes. There were differences in permeate flux and protein transmission for the various membranes with the best performing membranes giving permeate fluxes greater than 60 L m−2 h−1 and protein transmissions greater than 90%. …

The Biology Of Silvopastoralism, Steven H. Sharrow

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Forestry and livestock grazing are common competing uses for non-irrigated lands around the world. Forest grazing is a traditional practice in most of North America. Approximately 25 percent of all US forest land is grazed by livestock. Young forests and mature open-canopied forests can provide considerable amounts of forage for livestock. Prescription grazing makes beneficial use of ground vegetation that would otherwise compete with trees for soil moisture and nutrients, harbor gnawing rodents, and pose a fire hazard. Pasture grasses and legumes are sometimes seeded into newly harvested forest areas to reduce erosion, to provide high-quality food for deer and …

The Probe, Issue 182 - November 1997

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Contents:
Exclosures Around Overflow Pipes and Trees Prevent Beaver Damage
Calendar of Upcoming Events
Deer, Dog in House Don’t Mix
Indiana Nuisance Operators Organize
Humane Trapping Standards Adopted
Video Review: “Dealing With Urban Wildlife: Learn How to Protect Your Home and Property from Wildlife Damage”
National Wildlife Refuge Improvement Act Passes
Fund for Animals Tries to Cross-Up Deer Hunting Priests
Beaver Damage Widespread
Texas Coyotes Damage Melons
Cranes, Hogs Decimate Corn
Fox Attacks California Woman
Drip Irrigation Damaged by Coyotes
Wolf Conflicts Sets Record in Minnesota

Fish & Wildlife News: November 1997

Fish and Wildlife News

Contents:

Clinton Signs Refuge Legislation 2
A Blue Goose in the Oval Office 3
ESA Legislation Moves Forward 4
Squaw Creek NWR Stars on the Silver Screen 6
Eagle Repository Seeks Dead Birds 7
Snow Goose Glut Decimating Arctic Canada 8
“The Great American Road Trip” 9
“Special Place” Dedicated to Beattie 11
International Celebrates 20 Years 12
Taiwanese Visitors Tour U.S. Refuges 17
Federal Aid Scores a Quiet Victory 20

Center For Sustainable Agricultural Systems Newsletter, November/December 1997

Center for Sustainable Agricultural Systems: Newsletter (1993–2000)

Contents:

CSAS Publishes Book That Reviews Sustainable Ag Literature

NCR SARE Solicits PDP Proposals

Integrated Farm Update: Impact of Spring-grazing Crop Residues

Education in Scandinavia: from Farming to Food Systems

NSAS 1998 Annual Meetings

Ecosystems Provide Valuable "Services" Worth $33 Trillion

USDA Creates New Office of Pest Management

Sanet-mg Archives: A Valuable Resource

Insect Resistant Rice, Maize And Wheat Cultivars In Sustainable Agriculture, E. A. Heinrichs, J. E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The achievement of self sufficiency in food production is a major objective of governments throughout the world. Insects are one of the major constraints that limit the production of food crops. To mitigate losses due to insects. insect resistant cultivars are sought as a major tactic in the development of integrated pest management strategies. The integration of insect resistant cultivars with other pest management tactics contributes to crop pest management strategies that are environmentally and economically acceptable. Multiple pest resistant crop cultivars have high yield stability when grown in pest-infested environments. Significant progress on a global basis has been achieved …

Growing Degree-Days: One Equation, Two Interpretations, Gregory S. Mcmaster, Wallace Wilhelm

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Heat units, expressed in growing degree-days (GDD), are frequently used to describe the timing of biological processes. The basic equation used is GDD = [(T_MAX + T_MIN)/2] - T_BASE where T_MAX and T_MIN are daily maximum and minimum air temperature, respectively, and T_BASE is the base temperature. Two methods of interpreting this equation for calculating GDD are: (1) if the daily mean temperature is less than the base, it is set equal to the base temperature, or (2) if T_MAX or T_MIN < T_BASE they are reset equal to T …

Sediment Movement Within A Strip Intercropping System, John E. Gilley, L. A. Kramer, R. M. Cruse, A. Hull

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

This study was conducted to identify sediment movement within a strip intercropping system in southwestern Iowa during the third year of a three-year crop rotation. Soil loss, resulting from the application of simulated rainfall to a Monona silt loam soil, was measured from individual corn (Zea mays L.), soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr), and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) strips, and from multiple strips which included all three crops. Because of the crop rotation and residue management procedures, used at the study site, a substantial amount of surface cover and vegetative mass was present on each of …

Physiology And Ecology Of Dispersal Polymorphism In Insects, Anthony J. Zera, Robert F. Denno

Anthony Zera Publications

Studies of dispersal polymorphism in insects have played a pivotal role in advancing our understanding of population dynamics, life history evolution, and the physiological basis of adaptation. Comparative data on wing-dimorphic insects provide the most definitive evidence to date that habitat persistence selects for reduced dispersal capability. The increased fecundity of flightless females documents that a fitness tradeoff exists between flight capability and reproduction. However, only recently have studies of nutrient consumption and allocation provided unequivocal evidence that this fitness trade-off results from a trade-off of internal resources. Recent studies involving wing-dimorphic insects document that flight capability imposes reproductive penalties …

Coordinate Regulation Of G- And C Strand Length During New Telomere Synthesis, Xinqing Fan, Carolyn Mary Price

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

We have used the ciliate Euplotes to study the role of DNA polymerase in telomeric C strand synthesis. Euplotes provides a unique opportunity to study C strand synthesis without the complication of simultaneous DNA replication because millions of new telomeres are made at a stage in the life cycle when no general DNA replication takes place. Previously we showed that the C-strands of newly synthesized telomeres have a precisely controlled length while the G-strands are more heterogeneous. This finding suggested that, although synthesis of the G-strand (by telomerase) is the first step in telomere addition, a major regulatory step occurs …

Endangered And Threatened Wildlife And Plants: Proposed Rule To List The Topeka Shiner As Endangered

Endangered Species Bulletin

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service proposes to list the Topeka shiner (Notropis topeka) as an endangered species under the authority of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.). The Topeka shiner is a small fish presently known from small tributary streams in the Kansas and Neosho river basins in Kansas; the Missouri, Grand, Lamine, Chariton, and Des Moines river basins in Missouri; the North Raccoon River basin in Iowa; the James and Vermillion river watersheds in South Dakota; and, the Rock River watershed in Minnesota. The Topeka shiner is threatened by …

Differential Toxicity Of Atrazine To Selected Freshwater Algae, J.-X. Tang, Kyle D. Hoagland, Blair D. Siegfried

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The documented presence of atrazine in surface waters has prompted a large number of studies on its potential adverse effects on nontarget organisms such as freshwater algae, which are the most important primary producers in aquatic habitats and are potential indicators of water quality (Blaise 1993). Recently, a comprehensive database of the ecological effects of atrazine, including 85 freshwater organisms, was compiled (Solomon et al. 1996). Based on this compilation of acute ( ≤ 4 day) or chronic (> 9 day) toxicity values, algae are the most susceptible aquatic organisms to atrazine, although it is apparent that different species and …

Cdna Encoding A Reca Homolog In Eukaryotes, Andre Jagendorf, Heriberto D. Cerutti

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

A nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of a cDNA encoding the Arabidopsis thulium RecA protein is disclosed.

Flight-Muscle Polymorphism In The Cricket Gryllus Firmus: Muscle Characteristics And Their Influence On The Evolution Of Flightlessness, Anthony J. Zera, Jeffry Sall, Kimberly Grudzinski

Anthony Zera Publications

Flight muscles of the cricket Gryllus firmus are polymorphic, existing as pink or white phenotypes. White muscles are smaller in size, have reduced number and size of muscle fibers, and have reduced in vitro enzyme activities and respiration rates relative to pink muscles of newly molted, fully winged adults. G. firmus is also polymorphic for wing length. All newly molted long-winged adults exhibited the pink-muscle phenotype, while most newly molted short-winged adults exhibited the white-muscle phenotype, which resulted from arrested muscle growth. As long-winged adults aged, fully grown pink muscle was transformed into white muscle via histolysis. The substantially higher …

Cytochrome P450 And Organochlorine Contaminants In Black-Crowned Night-Herons From The Chesapeake Bay Region, Usa, Barnett A. Rattner, Mark J. Melancon, Clifford P. Rice, Walter Riley Jr., John D. Eisemann, Randy K. Hines

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Black-crowned night-heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) offspring were collected from a relatively uncontaminated coastal reference site (next to Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge, VA, USA) and two sites in the Chesapeake Bay watershed (Baltimore Harbor, MD and Rock Creek Park, Washington, DC, USA). Hepatic microsomal activities of benzyloxyresorufin-O-dealkylase and ethoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase were significantly elevated (up to sixfold and ninefold induction, respectively) in pipping embryos from the Baltimore Harbor colony compared to the reference site, whereas values in embryos from the Rock Creek Park colony were intermediate. Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides and metabolites in pipping embryos from both sites …

Irf-7, A New Interferon Regulatory Factor Associated With Epstein-Barr Virus Latency, Luwen Zhang, Joseph S. Pagano

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) BamHI Q promoter (Qp) is the only promoter used for the transcription of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) mRNA in cells in the most restricted (type I) latent infection state. However, Qp is inactive in type III latency. With the use of the yeast one-hybrid system, a new cellular gene has been identified that encodes proteins which bind to sequence in Qp. The deduced amino acid sequence of the gene has significant homology to the interferon regulatory factors (IRFs). This new gene and products including two splicing variants are designated IRF-7A, IRF-7B, and IRF-7C. The …

Center For Grassland Studies Newsletter, Fall 1997, Volume 3, No. 4

Center for Grassland Studies: Newsletters

Contents:

The Nebraska Gap Analysis Project: Geographic Information for Land Resource Managers by Marlen Eve and James Merchant, Conservation and Survey Division, University of Nebraska-Lincoln

1998 Nebraska Range Shortcourse by Lowell Moser, Department of Agronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln

The Konza Prairie: Our Tallgrass Neighbors by Rob Peters, formerly with The Land Institute, Salina, Kansas

Festival of Color Draws 9,000 This Year

Development Of A Double-Crested Cormorant Damage Management Plan For The Southeastern United States, Keith J. Andrews, Pete Poulos, Charles (Bo) Sloan, Jerrold L. Belant, Paige G. Ross, Paul Debow

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 8th (1997)

In response to needs within the aquaculture industry to alleviate increasing depredation by double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus), the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, in conjunction with Federal, State, and Canadian wildlife and fisheries agencies, the aquaculture industry, and other wildlife professionals, is developing the framework for a comprehensive cormorant damage management program that uses an integrated wildlife damage management approach. This cooperative effort will produce a meaningful, mutually beneficial program that will reduce the effects of cormorants on aquaculture and sport and commercial fisheries, improve understanding of cormorant biology, and avert …

List Of Participants

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 8th (1997)

participants

Ard News October 1997

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
COMMENTS FROM THE DEAN
Announcing the ARD Undergraduate Honors Student Research Program
FY 1998 CSREES Budget
Research, Extension and Education Title of the 1996 Farm Bill
Regional Research Program Changes
Widaman Trust Distinguished Graduate Assistant Award
Hardin Distinguished Graduate Fellowship for 1997-98
Innovative and High Risk Research Program
New or Revised Projects
Grants Bnd Cantracts Received August and September 1997
UNL Rankings far Research and Development Expenditures

Efficacy Of Deer Stopper™ Repellent For Reducing White-Tailed Deer Damage To Ornamental Plantings, James B. Armstrong, M. Keith Causey, John T. Owen

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 8th (1997)

A 2-year study was undertaken to assess the efficacy of Deer Stopper™ repellent for reducing white-tailed deer damage to ornamental plantings. Efficacy testing was conducted on a captive deer herd at Auburn University’s White-tailed Deer Research Facility and the Stimpson Wildlife Sanctuary, Jackson, AL. Japanese Holly (Ilex crenata), a highly preferred browse species in this area, was used as the test plant at all study sites. Plants were arranged randomly between treatment and control. Treatment plants were sprayed with prescribed applications of Deer Stopper™ and percent defoliation and browsing estimated for each plant. Repeated measures analysis of variance …

Nesting Populations Of Double-Crested Cormorants, Great Blue Herons, And Great Egrets In The United States And Canada: Implications For Management, Jerrold L. Belant, Laura A. Tyson

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 8th (1997)

Populations of piscivorous birds in North America are receiving increasing attention in the southeast United States because of depredations at aquaculture facilities. We obtained recent (most since 1994) estimates for the number of nesting double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus), great blue herons (Ardea herodias), and great egrets (Casmerodius albus) in the United States (US) and Canada from published references and by conducting telephone interviews with state and provincial biologists. Using previously-published data, we also determined annual rates of change in the number of cormorants since about 1990. Estimates for minimum numbers of nesting pairs (minimum …

The Legal Roles And Responsibilities Of A Community Concerning Crop Depredation By White-Tailed Deer, Eric G. Darracq, Stephen R. Chapman

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 8th (1997)

The interwoven issues of the legal roles and responsibilities that landowners (i.e., farmers, foresters, and hunters) and a state agency have to control deer densities in rural areas that directly affect crop depredation and various stakeholders will be addressed in this paper. Because unmanaged deer populations severely can damage agricultural crops, the financial cost of this deer damage is borne entirely by individual private landowners. The South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (SCDNR) is the regulatory state agency in South Carolina responsible for annually promulgating rules and regulations pertaining to white-tailed deer harvest by hunters. Even though deer are property …