Digital Commons Network^™

Nf02-505 Drinking Water: Chloramines Waters Disinfection In Omaha Metropolitan Utilities District, Sharon Skipton, Bruce I. Dvorak

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Bacteria and other disease-causing organisms in drinking water can cause intestinal infections, dysentery, and a variety of other illnesses. Water disinfection reduces disease-causing organisms and prevents the transmission of disease. This publication discusses the disinfection process used by Metropolitan Utilities District and how it will change in 2002.

Ec02-458 Heating And Cooling Systems: Saving Energy And Keeping Safe (Home*A*Syst Fact Sheet 1), Shirley Niemeyer, Sharon Skipton

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Your house should be a safe, comfortable place that is affordable and durable. How a home is constructed, insulated, and heated and cooled directly affects how well it meets these objectives. A house is affordable only when costs for heating and cooling are reasonable. Energy bills are lowest if a home is tightly air-sealed and properly insulated and if all mechanical systems are operating efficiently. Before extensively air-sealing your home, it is critical to ensure that doing so will not cause health or moisture problems by examining adequate air intake. Above, all else, your home must be a healthy place …

Drinking Water: Chloramines Water Disinfection In Omaha Metropolitan Utilities District, Sharon Skipton, Bruce I. Dvorak

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Bacteria and other disease-causing organisms in drinking water can cause intestinal infections, dysentery, and a variety of other illnesses. Water disinfection reduces disease-causing organisms and prevents the transmission of disease. This publication discusses the disinfection process used by Metropolitan Utilities District and how it will change in 2002.

Nf526 Spring Millers, Ronald C. Seymour, Gary L. Hein

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Biology, migration, and management of spring millers.

Millers can be abundant in and around homes each year, especially in May and early June. At this time of year, the moths are most likely the adult stage of the army cutworm, a common pest of wheat and alfalfa.

When millers emerge and begin to move westward in the spring, area residents have little recourse but to patiently await their departure. There are a few tactics, however, that can help lessen moth activity in and around homes:

Keep outside lighting to a minimum. These night-flying moths are attracted to lights. A porch …

Ec02-1566-S Pesticide Selection Guide For Insects And Mites Affecting Woody Ornamentals And Herbaceous Perennials In Nebraska, Frederick P. Baxendale, David L. Keith, Jeffrey D. Carstens

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Extension Circular 02-1566-S: Pesticide Selection Guide for Insects and Mites Affecting Woody ornamentals and Herbaceous Perennials in Nebraska; introduction and disclaimer, web site information, how to use this guide, developing a successful pest management program, using pesticides, host/pest guide to insects and mites on woody ornamentals, host/pest guide to insects and mites on herbaceous perennials, insecticide and miticide chemical control options, wood ornamental hosts and pests, herbaceous ornamental hosts and pests, insecticides/miticides information, using the plants and pest identification clinic at UNL, and pesticide safety telephone hotlines.

Ec02-152-S Value Of Potatoes For Feeding Livestock, Alexander D. Pavlista, Ivan G. Rush

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Extension Circular 02-152-S: Value of Potatoes for Feeding Livestock. This document is about the benefits, cost, and nutritional value of using potatoes for livestock feed.

Ec02-721 Nebraska's Cnmp Odor Management Plan Workbook, Richard Koelsch, Charles A. Shapiro, Richard Deloughery

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Extension Circular 02-721 discusses Nebraska's CNMP odor management plan workbook.

Ec 02-130-D 2002 Guide For Weed Management In Nebraska

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Extension Circular 02-130-D: Guide for Weed Management. This book from 2002 goes through various techniques and strategies for keeping crops weed free.

Molecular Evidence For A Species Complex In The Genus Aphelinus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), With Additional Data On Aphidiine Phylogeny (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Yi Chen, Kristopher L Giles, Matthew H. Greenstone

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

Mitochondrial 16srDNAwas sequenced from nine different populations of Aphelinidae and 10 of aphidiinae. Sequence divergences between populations within a species are low, ranging from 0 to 0.38%. Divergences among species within the same genus range from 0 to 8.71%. Aphelinus asychis Walker has a sequence divergence from the other Aphelinus spp. of 8.71%, which is even higher than the divergences among the aphidiine genera Lysiphlebus, Aphidius and Diaeretiella. Our 16s rDNA phylogeny for aphidiines is concordant with a previously published NADH1 dehydrogenase phylogeny. Our analysis identiÞes a complex comprising A. albipodus (Hayat & Fatima), A. varipes (Foerster), and A. …

An Evaluation Of Long-Term Preservation Methods For Brown Bear (Ursus Arctos) Faecal Dna Samples, Melanie A. Murphy, Lisette P. Waits, Katherine C. Kendall, Samuel K. Wasser, Jerry A. Higbee, Robert Bogden

United States National Park Service: Publications

Relatively few large-scale faecal DNA studies have been initiated due to difficulties in amplifying low quality and quantity DNA template. To improve brown bear faecal DNA PCR amplification success rates and to determine post collection sample longevity, five preservation methods were evaluated: 90% ethanol, DETs buffer, silica-dried, oven-dried stored at room temperature, and oven-dried stored at –20 ^◦C. Preservation effectiveness was evaluated for 50 faecal samples by PCR amplification of a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) locus (∼146 bp) and a nuclear DNA (nDNA) locus (∼200 bp) at time points of one week, one month, three months and six months. Preservation …

Hibal: A Hydrologic-Isotopic-Balance Model For Application To Paleolake Systems, Larry Benson, Fred Paillet

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

A simple hydrologic-isotopic-balance (HIBAL) model for application to paleolake δ¹⁸O records is presented. Inputs to the model include discharge, on-lake precipitation, evaporation, and the δ¹⁸O values of these fluid fluxes. Monthly values of climatic parameters that govern the fractionation of ¹⁸O and ¹⁶O during evaporation have been extracted from historical data sets and held constant in the model. The ability of the model to simulate changes in the hydrologic balance and the δ¹⁸O evolution of the mixed layer has been demonstrated using measured data from Pyramid Lake, Nevada. Simulations of the response …

Passing The Torch Of Wildlife And Fisheries Management: Comparing The Attitudes And Values Of Younger And Older Conservation Professionals, Robert M. Muth, Rodney R. Zwick, Martha E. Mather, John F. Organ

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Wildlife-related values in American society are undergoing considerable change. Within the last few decades, non-consumptive recreational use of wildlife has increased dramatically; groups that subscribe to animal protection values (ranging from animal welfare to animal rights to animal liberation) are exercising increasing influence over wildlife policy, and the ranks of people who practice wildlife rehabilitation have grown significantly. In this time of questioning and change, it should not be surprising that the attitudes and values of conservation professionals are in transition as well. Within many agencies and academic institutions, the traditional focus on game management (Geist et al. 2001) is …

Utilization Of Distillers Grains Form The Fermentation Of Sorghum Or Corn In Diets For Finishing Beef And Lactating Dairy Cattle, S. Al-Suwaiegh, K. Fanning, R. J. Grant, C. T. Milton, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Beef finishing and dairy lactation experiments were conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of distillers grains (DG) from sorghum or corn fermentation, in both wet (35.4% DM) and dry (92.2% DM) form (dairy trial only). In the finishing experiment, 60 yearling steers were used in a completely randomized design with three diets that were fed for 127 d: 1) control diet with 86% (DM basis) dry-rolled corn and no DG; 2) 30% of ration DM as wet corn DG in place of dry-rolled corn; and 3) 30% of ration DM as wet sorghum DG in place of dry-rolled corn. All …

Mechanisms Counteracting Swelling In Brain Cells During Hyponatremia, Herminia Pasantes-Morales, Rodrigo Franco, Benito Ordaz, Lenin D. Ochoa

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Water gain in the brain consequent to hyponatremia is counteracted by mechanisms that initially include a compensatory displacement of liquid from the interstitial space to cerebrospinal fluid and systemic circulation and subsequently an active reduction in cell water accomplished by extrusion of intracellular osmolytes to reach osmotic equilibrium. Potassium (K⁺), chloride (Cl^–), amino acids, polyalcohols, and methylamines all contribute to volume regulation, with a major contribution of ions at the early phase and of organic osmolytes at the late phase of the regulatory process. Experimental models in vitro show that osmolyte fluxes occur via leak pathways …

The Atp:Co(I)Rrinoid Adenosyltransferase (Coba) Enzyme Of Salmonella Enterica Requires The 2’-Oh Group Of Atp For Function And Yields Inorganic Triphosphate As Its Reaction Byproduct, Maris V. Fonseca, Nicole R. Baun, Alexander R. Horswill, Ivan Rayment, Jorge C. Escalante-Semerena

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

The specificity of the ATP:corrinoid adenosyltransferase

(CobA) enzyme of Salmonella enterica serovar

Typhimurium LT2 for its nucleotide substrate was

tested using ATP analogs and alternative nucleotide donors.

The enzyme showed broad specificity for the nucleotide

base and required the 2’-OH group of the ribosyl

moiety of ATP for activity. ³¹P NMR spectroscopy

was used to identify inorganic triphosphate (PPP_i) as

the byproduct of the reaction catalyzed by the CobA

enzyme. Cleavage of triphosphate into pyrophosphate

and orthophosphate did not occur, indicating that

triphosphate cleavage was not required for release of

the adenosylcorrinoid product. Triphosphate was …

Selected Soybean Plant Introductions With Partial Resistance To Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum, D. D. Hoffman, B. W. Diers, G. L. Hartman, C. D. Nickell, R. L. Nelson, W. L. Pedersen, E. R. Cober, George L. Graef, J. R. Steadman, C. R. Grau, B. D. Nelson, L. E. Del Rio, T. Helms, T. Anderson, V. Poysa, University Of Guelph, W. C. Stienstra

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Sclerotinia stem rot, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is a major soybean (Glycine max) disease in north-central regions of the United States and throughout the world. Current sources of resistance to Sclerotinia stem rot express partial resistance, and are limited in number within soybean germ plasm. A total of 6,520 maturity group (MG) 0 to IV plant introductions (PIs) were evaluated for Sclerotinia stem rot resistance in the United States and Canada in small plots or in the greenhouse from 1995 to 1997. Selected PIs with the most resistance were evaluated for resistance in the United States and …

Greenhouse And Field Evaluation Of Biological Control Of Fusarium Head Blight On Durum Wheat, D. A. Schisler, N. I. Khan, Michael J. Boehm, P. J. Slininger

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease that causes extensive yield and quality losses to wheat and barley. In durum wheat, the pathogen-produced toxin deoxynivalenol (DON) is retained in semolina at ~50%, and the causal agent of FHB, Gibberella zeae, has a strong adverse effect on pasta color. Two bacteria and two yeast strains with known efficacy against G. zeae on hexaploid wheats were produced in liquid culture and assayed on two cultivars of durum wheat in greenhouse bioassays. All antagonists reduced FHB severity on cultivar Renville, and three of the four reduced severity on cultivar Ben, with …

Analyzing Anthropogenic Landscapes With Gis And Remote Sensing: A Literature Review, Andi O. Kraft

Nebraska Anthropologist

Anthropogenic landscapes are those that have been modified, to varying degrees, by human. Their development is affected by the over-use of natural landscapes in the past such as overgrazing, frequent fires, or excessive depletion of forests. Anthropologists analyzing land-use intensification are now realizing the promise of geographical information systems (GIS) and remote sensingfor their research. A literature review of case studies done on varying anthropogenic landscapes will highlight how GIS can give practical integration of geographic spatial structures (habitation, soils, river drainage) to past and current relationships between the environment and human systems when combined with local-level knowledge. Research of …

The Mythological Role Of Gender Ideologies: A Cross-Cultural Sample Of Traditional Cultures, Richard Owens

Nebraska Anthropologist

Hunting and gathering along with horticultural societies provide a basis for understanding contemporary ideologies. Such groups are generally labeled as egalitarian societies from their status and treatment of females. A survey of traditional hunters-gatherers and horticultural societies compared their mythological charters on gender ideologies to the dally interactions of gender roles in order to determine their level of influence on the culture. Traditional societies are thought to be a basis to observe gender stratification among all known societies. The division of labor is in all cultures, as a means to limit control economic resources, often favoring men. In this paper …

Effect Of Habitat Depth On Host Location By Five Species Of Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae, Chalcididae) Of House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) In Three Types Of Substrates, Christopher Geden

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Four species of pteromalid parasitoids [Muscidifurax raptor Girault & Sanders, Spalangia cameroni Perkins, Spalangia endius Walker, Spalangia gemina Boucek, and the chalcidid Dirhinus himalayanus (Masi)] were evaluated for their ability to locate house fly pupae at various depths in poultry manure (41% moisture), fly rearing medium (43% moisture), and sandy soil (4% moisture) from a dairy farm. Searching activity in manure was largely confined to the surface (M. raptor, D. himalayanus, and S. gemina) or to depths of up to 2 cm below the surface (S. endius, S. cameroni). S. cameroni was the …

Strategies For Controlling House Fly Populations Resistant To Cyromazine, Diana C. Crespo, Roberto E. Lecuona, Jerome Hogsette

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The objectives of this study were to compare, from both biological and economic viewpoints, the impact of various control strategies and evaluate their effect on cyromazine-resistant Musca domestica L., and beneficial house fly pupal parasitoids on caged-layer farms (240,000 hens) in Argentina. The strategies evaluated were: chemical, chemical + cultural, and chemical + cultural + biological (integrated management). The products used were: cyromazine 1% and 50%, DDVP, azamethiphos with and without z-9-tricosene, lime, and the parasitoids Spalangia endius Walker and Muscidifurax raptor Girault & Sanders. In the absence of control measures, fly density increased quickly and the average parasitism rate …

An Innovative Soil Test For Predicting Nitrogen Mineralization, F. M. Hons, R. L. Haney, A J. Franzluebbers

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

A routine soil testing procedure for soil N mineralization is needed that is rapid and precise. Not accounting for N mineralization can result in over application of N, especially in soils with a history of manure application. Our objectives were to compare results from a recently proposed rapid lab procedure with i) long-term N mineralization under standard laboratory conditions, ii) actual forage N uptake from soil receiving dairy cattle (Bas taurus) manure in a two-year field study and iii) yields of various crops throughout Texas and Oklahoma. The rapid procedure is based on the quantity of CO_{2 …}

Soil Carbon, Nitrogen Use, And Water Use Affected By Rotation In The Northern Corn Belt, Joseph L. Pikul Jr., Thomas E. Schumacher, Merle Vigil, Walter E. Riedell

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Diversified crop rotation may improve production efficiency, reduce fertilizer nitrogen (N) requirements for com (Zea mays L.) and increase soil carbon (C) storage. Objectives were to determine effect of rotation and fertilizer N on soil C sequestration, water use, and N use. An experiment was started in 1990 on a Barnes clay loam (fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Calcic Hapludoll) near Brookings, South Dakota. Primary tillage on all rotations was with a chisel plow. Rotations were continuous com (CC), com-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (CS) and a 4-year rotation of corn-soybean-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) companion seeded with alfalfa …

Stomatal Acclimation Over A Subambient To Elevated Co2 Gradient In A C3/C4 Grassland, H. Maherali, C. D. Reid, H. W. Polley, H. B. Johnson, R. B. Jackson

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

An investigation to determine whether stomatal acclimation to [CO₂] occurred in C₃/C₄ grassland plants grown across a range of [CO₂] (200–550 μmol mol⁻¹) in the field was carried out.

Woody Invasion Of Grasslands: Evidence That Co2 Enrichment Indirectly Promotes Establishment Of Prosopis Glandulosa, H. Wayne Polley, Hyrum B. Johnson, Charles R. Tischler

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Grasslands worldwide have been invaded by woody species during the last 200 years. Atmospheric CO₂ enrichment may indirectly have facilitated invasion by reducing soil water depletion by grasses.

Soil Health And Global Sustainability: Translating Science Into Practice, John W. Doran

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Interest in the quality and health of soil has been stimulated by recent awareness that soil is vital to both production of food and fiber and global ecosystems function. Soil health, or quality, can be broadly defined as the capacity of a living soil to function, within natural or managed ecosystem boundaries, to sustain plant and animal productivity, maintain or enhance water and air quality, and promote plant and animal health. Soil quality and health change over time due to natural events or human impacts. They are enhanced by management and land-use decisions that weigh the multiple functions of soil …

Soil Health As An Indicator Of Sustainable Management, John W. Doran, Stamatis Stamatiadis, John Haberern

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Population growth, a widening gap between the rich and poor, environmental degradation, and a re-evaluation of energy use and alternatives will shape life in the 21st century. We will be challenged to increase food supplies for a global population one-and-a-half to two times its current size. But as agricultural systems grow to meet the demands of more people, increased pressure will be placed on our natural resources: competition for land, water and energy resources from both urban and industrial sectors becomes more acute and the available land base remains static or shrinks. Under current practices increased food production will greatly …

Impact Of Egg Storage On Embryo Development, M. R. Bakst, V. Akuffo

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

1. New information is introduced and other information reviewed regarding the impact of egg storage on the integrity of the avian embryo.

2. Morphologically, the blastoderm from an egg which has been stored more than 10 days is often asymmetrical and may have an attenuated appearance.

3. Fresh egg breakouts coupled with the perivitelline layer sperm-hole determination procedure provide detailed information on the male's contribution to overall fertility.

4. The biological basis for embryonic mortality in eggs stored for longer than 10 days remains the subject of speculation.

Recycled Paper Products As Substitutes For Gelling Agent In Screwworm (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Larval Diet, M. F. Chaudhury, L. Alfredo Alvarez, L. Lopez Velazquez

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Absorbent recycled paper products were tested and compared with a sodium polyacrylate gelling agent, Aquatain, for solidifying larval diets of the screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel). A recycled newsprint product, Terra-Mulch, when mixed with water and dietary ingredients produced a diet medium of homogeneous texture that supported larval growth and development comparable to the standard diet prepared with the gelling agent. Biological yields as calculated from number of pupae per tray from both the diets were similar. Three other types of recycled paper products were tested. Although less homogeneous in texture, these diets were as good as the diet with Terra-Mulch. …

Genome Scale Comparison Of Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis With Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Avium Reveals Potential Diagnostic Sequences, John Bannantine, Emily Baechler, Qing Zhang, Lingling Li, Vivek Kapur

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The genetic similarity between Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and other mycobacterial species has confounded the development of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis-specific diagnostic reagents. Random shotgun sequencing of the M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis genome in our laboratories has shown >98% sequence identity with Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium in some regions. However, an in silico comparison of the largest annotated M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis contigs, totaling 2,658,271 bp, with the unfinished M. avium subsp. avium genome has revealed 27 predicted M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis coding sequences that do not align with M. avium subsp. avium sequences. BLASTP analysis of the 27 predicted …