Digital Commons Network^™

Cultural Aspects Of Drinking Patterns And Alcohol Controls In China, Ian Newman

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Alcohol, 'jiu' in Mandarin, is intimately intertwined in almost every aspect of Chinese culture and has been since earliest times. China's cultural traditions, which have until now minimized the risks associated with alcohol use, will be challenged as China opens to the West There will be a tendency for outsiders to encourage the adoption of Western-style policies to address problems from alcohol abuse. Doing so without careful consideration of the cultural role of alcohol could be counterproductive.

Alcohol Expectancies Among High School Students In China, Duane F. Shell, Ian Newman, Ming Qu

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

There is little systematic information on the patterns of Chinese adolescents' alcohol expectancies and the influence of expectancies on drinking behavior. The purpose of this study was to examine Chinese high school students' alcohol expectancies and gender and drinking status (non-drinker, occasional drinker, regular drinker) differences in expectancies. We administered the Chinese Adolescent Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire (CAEQ) to 1244 high school students (M = 627; F = 617) in Inner Mongolia, China. We Identified eight expectancy factors three negative (general negative consequences, harm to person/reputation, and negative uses of alcohol) and five positive (general positive perceptions, tension reduction/relaxation, drinking as …

What Are We Doing To Prevent Entry Of Potentially Catastrophic Foreign Animal Diseases Into The Usa, Gary C. Smith

Range Beef Cow Symposium

What are Foreign Animal Diseases? By definition, a Foreign Animal Disease (FAD) is one which originates in another country and can, or does, enter the USA. An agency of our federal government, the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), is charged with responsibility for preventing entry of FADs into our country and is especially vigilant regarding those FADs which would have potentially catastrophic effects on farm-animal populations, the agricultural economy and/or the public (human) health. Activities of APHIS specifically related to FADs include (USDA/APHIS, 2001): (a) Guarding our borders against foreign agricultural …

Individual Differences In Behavioral Responses To Novelty And Amphetamine Self-Administration In Male And Female Rats, J. E. Klebaur, Rick A. Bevins, T. M. Segar, M. T. Bardo

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Previous work has shown that individual differences in locomotor activity in an inescapable novel environment can predict acquisition of amphetamine self-administration. The current study examined whether individual differences in approach to novelty in a free choice test could also predict amphetamine self-administration. Further, the current study examined whether individual differences in either free choice or inescapable novelty tests could predict responding for a nondrug reinforcer (sucrose) in the presence and absence of amphetamine. Male and female rats were first tested for their response to free choice novelty (playground maze and novelty-induced place preference tests) and inescapable novelty. They were then …

Anger, Child Behavior, And Family Distress: Further Evaluation Of The Parental Anger Inventory, Georganna Sedlar, David J. Hansen

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Presumably, anger is a common experience of parenting. Although practitioners and researchers recognize the role of anger in various parenting situations, objective and standardized measures of parental anger have been notably lacking in the field. This study examined the Parental Anger Inventory (PAI), a measure developed specifically to assess parental anger in response to child misbehavior. A diverse sample of 98 parents participated in the study, including (a) physically abusive or neglectful parents, or both, n = 44; (b) nonmaltreating clinic parents seeking assistance for child behavior problems, n = 24; and (c) nonmaltreating, non–help-seeking community parents, n = 30. …

The Influence Of Firm Dispositions On Interfirm Relationship Formation In Business Markets, Jean L. Johnson, Ravipreet S. Sohi

Department of Marketing: Faculty Publications

The central premise of this paper is that firm level characteristics or behavioral traits, referred to as predispositions, influence how the firm behaves and interacts in its interfirm relationships (EFRs). This augments traditional approaches that focus on the intra-relationship perspective and/or on environmental influences on the relationship. Firm predispositions of strategic intent and relational proclivity are expected to individually, and in combination, increase the extent of connectedness between partners in interfirm relationships. In turn, through connectedness, they affect relationship effectiveness in terms of reciprocity, information exchange, and cooperation. Results indicated that the predispositions increased connectedness, but combinational effects were not …

Internalization Of Character Traits By Those Who Teach Character Counts!, Kristyn Harms, Susan Fritz

Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education, and Communication: Faculty Publications

Increased character education is one alternative available to help what many see as the mayhem of moral decline in America. Research suggests a correlation between the teaching of character education of youth and its positive ethical results throughout the United States. While these findings demonstrate positive changes experienced by youth audiences, no research to date has been conducted on the effects that teaching Character Counts! has on those teaching the program. The research project reported here examined Character Counts! Program's impact on Cooperative Extension and on the personal and societal lives of Extension educators and assistants. In a recent survey …

Multimodal Assessment Of The Effect Of Chewing Gum On Nicotine Withdrawal, Lee M. Cohen, Dana M. Britt, Frank L. Collins, Mustafa Al-Absi, Dennis E. Mcchargue

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The present study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of chewing gum to reduce nicotine withdrawal, craving, and salivary cortisol concentrations during temporary nicotine deprivation. A total of 20 male smokers were studied under conditions when gum was and was not accessible during a 4-hour deprivation period. All subjects smoked an initial cigarette shortly after arrival for the two experimental sessions and were informed that they would be unable to smoke for the remainder of each session. The sessions consisted of each subject watching a movie, then waiting in the lab for two consecutive 30-min intervals. Self-reported nicotine withdrawal and …

Rumination And Cigarette Smoking: A Bad Combination For Depressive Outcomes?, Malia Richmond, Bonnie Spring, Beth Kaplan Sommerfeld, Dennis E. Mcchargue

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Ruminative coping has been shown to heighten the risk and severity of depression. The authors hypothesized that ruminators who smoke would experience greater depressive symptoms than ruminators who do not. The rationale is that, by heightening attentional focus, nicotine may increase ruminators' ability to focus on negative thoughts, augmenting depressed mood. Participants (N = 145) self-reported smoking status, rumination, and current and lifetime depressive symptoms, including depressed mood. Results showed that rumination accounted for a larger amount of variance in current and past depressed mood and severity of lifetime depressive symptoms among smokers than nonsmokers. Noncorrelational, experimental research should …

Book Review: Children Of Immigration, Edmund T. Hamann

Department of Teaching, Learning, and Teacher Education: Faculty Publications

Children of Immigration is a highly readable and welcome addition to the study of contemporary immigration, particularly the experience of immigrant children in the United States. It thoroughly covers a range of immigrant-related issues from the salience of legal status, to the way immigration changes gender roles and parent/child relationships, to the bevy of psychological adjustments required by transnational relocation. The ongoing research of the Harvard Longitudinal Immigrant Student Adaptation Project, which the wife/husband co-authors codirect, provides one foundation for the book’s content, but a multidisciplinary and extensive list of research, plus popular media and more literary sources (such as …

Conceptual Constraints On Thinking About Genocide, David Moshman

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Our thinking is unavoidably constrained by our conceptual structures. To the extent that we reflect on and reconstruct our concepts, however, we can sharpen our thinking. The first section of this article considers the nature of concepts, highlighting a standard distinction between prototype-based and formal concepts.

Drawing on these insights from cognitive psychology, the second section suggests that the ability to recognize and understand genocides is greatly restricted by Holocaust-based conceptions of genocide. In turn one can enhance one’s understanding via the construction and application of formal concepts of genocide.

Extending this argument, I observe in the third section that …

The Effects Of Conjoint Behavioral Consultation: Results Of A 4-Year Investigation, Susan M. Sheridan, John W. Eagle, Richard J. Cowan, William Mickelson

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Conjoint behavioral consultation (CBC) is a structured indirect form of service delivery in which parents, teachers, and other support staff are joined to work together to address the academic, social, or behavioral needs of an individual for whom all parties bear some responsibility. In this article, outcome data from 4 years of federally funded projects in the area of CBC are presented. Thirty graduate students were trained in CBC and were responsible for providing consultation services to parents and teachers of students with disabilities or at risk for academic failure. Consultation clients included 52 students with disabilities such as behavior …

Differential Responses Of Coyotes To Novel Stimuli In Familiar And Unfamiliar Settings, Charles E. Harris, Frederick F. Knowlton

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We studied behavioral responses of captive and wild coyotes (Canis latrans) toward novel objects and artificial scent stations to determine how they might respond to novel stimuli used in coyote management and research. When captive coyotes encountered novel stimuli in unfamiliar surroundings they showed little avoidance, while the same stimuli caused avoidance and neophobic reactions among coyotes when encountered in familiar surroundings. In the field phase of the study, radio-collared coyotes in southern Texas were intensively monitored in order to relate space-use patterns to the locations where these coyotes were exposed to artificial scent stations. Coyotes were more …

New Procedures To Assess Executive Functions In Preschool Children, K. A. Espy, P. M. Kaufmann, M. L. Glisky, M. D. Mcdiarmid

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory: Faculty Publications

Executive functions are difficult to assess in preschool children, yet the preschool period is particularly important, both in the development of behavioral control and of the brain, particularly the prefrontal cortex. Several tasks were adapted from developmental and neuroscience literature and then administered to 98 preschool children (30-, 36-, 42-, 48- and 60-month age groups). Executive function task performance was related largely to age group, but not to sex or intelligence. These tasks, then, were sensitive in this age range and may be useful to delineate distinct cognitive profiles among preschool children with various neurological and developmental disorders.

Wpa News 65 [66] (2001), World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

WPA News (November 2001), number 65 [66]

Published by the World Pheasant Association

Creating A Diversity Movement In The University, Rupert W. Nacoste Ph.D.

Different Perspectives on Majority Rules: 6th Annual National Conference (2001)

What kind of actions can a university take to create a diversity movement within its confines? Taking recent work at North Carolina State University as the prototype, this session will be used to outline and discuss the characteristics of administrative action that can lead to a comprehensive and programmatic diversity movement within any college or university.

A Student, An Athlete And A Person Of Color: The Challenge Of Thriving In Predominantly White Institutions - With Two Strikes Against You, Renita Tyrance

Different Perspectives on Majority Rules: 6th Annual National Conference (2001)

This guided panel will include discussions of approximately eight celebrated current and former UNL athletes of color from five sports over a period of twenty-five years. Panelists will be asked questions about their social and cultural experiences prior to, during and after their tenure of athletic participation at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

Workplace Mediation For Diversity Conflicts, Maxine Ballard

Different Perspectives on Majority Rules: 6th Annual National Conference (2001)

Diversity conflicts usually occur in organizations where communication is inadequate and generally require a third party to facilitate resolution. Developing and preserving healthy workplace relationships must be a top priority for all employees. Using mediation to resolve diversity conflicts in the workplace allow preservation of jobs and full and equal participation and contributions by all employees (including minority employee groups). This workshop is designed to provide people of color in predominantly white institutions an alternate dispute resolution method to resolve relational conflicts such as race, gender, age and culture differences.

Why Can't We Wait (To Spend) And The Law Of Unintended Consequences: Potential Negative Impact On Minority Employees From Well-Intentioned Organizational Compensation Practices, James R. Jones

Different Perspectives on Majority Rules: 6th Annual National Conference (2001)

The presenter outlines a theoretical argument suggesting that organizational attempts to increase short- and long-term motivation and loyalty may unwittingly exacerbate career and financial growth problems for some "minority" workers. Research on ethnic cultural tendencies and individual differences in spending propensities is used to support the notion that the use of incentive-based compensation systems and retirement programs could lead to employees being both undermined in terms of financial health and "slotted" into divergent career paths.

The Recruitment And Retention Of Students Of Color At Private Institutions, Anthony Cortese

Different Perspectives on Majority Rules: 6th Annual National Conference (2001)

This session presents a longitudinal study of recruitment and retention of students of color at a predominantly white university in the American Southwest. The institution was able to increase minority student enrollment 14 percent in fewer than ten years. This was accomplished through the careful development, implementation and evaluation of a policy designed to recruit and retain minority students. The specifics of this policy and how it may be used as a model for other predominantly white institutions are discussed.

Training College Students As Race And Race¬-Relations Facilitators, Eureka C. Daye

Different Perspectives on Majority Rules: 6th Annual National Conference (2001)

This session introduces a "train the trainer" model on preparing college students to serve as race-relations facilitators. Pedagogical framework shares how students from different "affinity" groups can explore forms of racial conflict and promote racial unity in a safe way. Highly charged race-related content areas will be covered.

Engaging In Difficult Dialogues Beyond Color: Where Do You Draw The Line Between Race, Gender And Authority In The Classroom?, Safoura A. Boukari

Different Perspectives on Majority Rules: 6th Annual National Conference (2001)

Grounding the discussion in Check Anta Diop’s Cradle theory, this paper invites us for a critical thinking and questioning of the very existence, the relevance of the color concept itself alongside the negative and detrimental impacts color has on, especially, Black women in academia. Historical, anthropological, scientific findings and theorists of the “Monogenesis” like, Asa G. Hilliard III (Free Your Mind: Return to the Source) traced the human origin back to a single human being, a woman, more than 10.000 years ago. In reference to the current trend, skin color could be defined as nothing, but the result of an …

Retention, Mentoring And The Mythological Need For The Other: Specifically Designed, With Urban Youth In Mind, Gene Kwame Scruggs

Different Perspectives on Majority Rules: 6th Annual National Conference (2001)

Through mythological stories, participants are given assistance in their personal journeys. Stories focus on mentoring, long-term gratification, the rewards of persistence and the archetypal need to blossom. The specific group process has consistently created introspection and provided a sense of encouragement for the participant to speak to their calling.

Experiences Of Prejudice And Isolation At A Predominantly White, Great Plains University, Scott Freng M.A.

Different Perspectives on Majority Rules: 6th Annual National Conference (2001)

This session discusses results from a qualitative study examining the experiences and isolation of Students of Color and GLBT students at a Great Plains University. Over 61 percent of respondents had experienced prejudice. In addition, students saw "minority" status as both an isolating factor and a source of solidarity.

In Pursuit Of Brain Compatible Intimate Relationships, Saleef Kafajouffee Ph.D.

Different Perspectives on Majority Rules: 6th Annual National Conference (2001)

This session comprises a highly interactive and creative format designed to provide a maximum of information and conceptual integration regarding human relationships. The presentation style embodies creativity and scholarly intent that leads the audience through brain and contextual processes that severely limit or lovingly spiritually enhance male/female relationships.

I'M Not Your Indian Anymore, Cornel D. Pewewardy Ph.D.

Different Perspectives on Majority Rules: 6th Annual National Conference (2001)

No abstract provided.

Promoting Higher Education: The Latino Achievement Mentoring Program (Lamp), Byron L. Zamboanga, Lisa Knoche, Gloria Gonzalez-Kruger, Marcela Raffaelli

Different Perspectives on Majority Rules: 6th Annual National Conference (2001)

Statistics suggest that Latino youths are at risk for academic underachievement and withdrawal. Culturally sensitive approaches to supporting school achievement based on the needs of Latino youth and their families must be developed. In response to these needs, the Latino Research Initiative (LRI), a collaborative group with members from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL) and the Hispanic Community Center (HCC) created the Latino Achievement Mentoring Program (LAMP). LAMP is a culturally appropriate mentoring program designed to promote school success and post-secondary opportunities for Latino youths. This program provides Latino youths with positive role models and information and guidance about academic …

Dispelling The Mascot Myth: The Misuse Of Indigenous Peoples As Mascots In American Schools, Cornel Pewewardy Ph.D.

Different Perspectives on Majority Rules: 6th Annual National Conference (2001)

This workshop details the deculturalization process that takes place when Indigenous Peoples are used as mascots in school-related activities; examines the arguments(s) and defensive tactics used by sports fans and school officials to maintain these hegemonic images; and offers successful strategies for developing policy toward the elimination of Indigenous Peoples as mascots.

The Credibility Of Recovered Memory Testimony: Exploring The Effects Of Alleged Victim And Perpetrator Gender, Brian H. Bornstein, Stephanie L. Muller

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Objective: The purpose was to explore the effects of victim/complainant and perpetrator/defendant gender on the impact of recovered memory testimony in criminal sexual abuse trials.
Method: A jury simulation methodology was used. Two hundred forty-six participants read a summary of a sexual abuse trial in which the following three variables were manipulated: the complainant's gender, the defendant's gender, and whether the complainant's memory of the alleged abuse had been "recovered" or remembered all along. Participants reached a verdict and rated the culpability and credibility of the parties.
Results: Compared to a case where the memory of the abuse had always …

Should We Essentially Ignore The Role Of Stimuli In A General Account Of Operant Selection?, Rick A. Bevins

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

An "Open Peer Commentary" on the article "A general account of selection: Biology, immunology, and behavior," by David L. Hull, Rodney E. Langman, and Sigrid S. Glenn.

The selectionist account of behavior is actually a focused discussion of operant selection. To this end, the authors essentially exclude stimuli from their analysis. This exclusion is inconsistent with the importance placed on environmental interaction in their general account. Further, this exclusion limits the generality of their account by missing important sources of stimulus-elicited behavior (e.g., classical conditioning).