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1995 Platte River Basin Ecosystem Symposium Proceedings

Water Current Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Cooking Method On Nutrient Content Of Boneless Pork Loin Roasts, Judy A. Driskell, Judith H. Batenhorst, Fayrene Hamouz

Nebraska Swine Reports

The nutritive qualities of boneless Chef’s Prime™ pork loin roasts cooked by three household cooking methods to two internal temperatures were evaluated. Fresh pork loins were obtained from a vendor and prepared by UNL’s Meat Laboratory according to National Pork Producers Council’s specifications for the Chef’s PrimeTM trademarked cut with 1/8-inch fat trim. The roasts were frozen for less than two months before defrosting in the refrigerator and cooking.

Index Selection For Components Of Litter Size, David Casey, Tom Rathje, Rodger K. Johnson

Nebraska Swine Reports

Pigs per sow per year has gradually, but steadily, increased in the U.S. during the last 15 to 20 years. More efficient use of better maternal breeds and lines, crossbreeding systems that efficiently utilize heterosis, and improved management and diets are causes for most of this improvement.

Genetic selection to further increase reproductive traits such as litter size and litter weaning rate has recently been implemented and may explain some of the increase in sow productivity in the latter years. However, efficient programs to improve sow reproduction have not been in place long enough to cause much change in the …

Addition Of Fat To Diets Of Lactating Sows. Ii. Effects On Energy Intake, Meal Patterns, And Blood Hormones And Metabolites, Paul Ermer, Scott Titlton, Phillip S. Miller, Austin Lewis, Cynthia K. Wolverton

Nebraska Swine Reports

Suboptimal feed intake during lactation is associated with reduced litter weight gain and increased sow weight loss. This weight loss may lead to a prolonged weaning-to-estrus interval and decreased embryo survival in subsequent parities. Feed intake is a particular concern in primiparous sows, which consume 15% less feed than multiparous sows.

The consequences of low feed intake and excess body weight loss during lactation have received considerable attention. However, little research has focused on the mechanisms that regulate feed intake in the lactating sow. Furthermore, the progress being made in increasing litter size will continue to increase milk production and …

Addition Of Fat To Diets Of Lactating Sows. I. Effects On Sow And Pig Performance, Scott Tilton, Paul Ermer, Austin Lewis, Phillip S. Miller, Cynthia Wolverton

Nebraska Swine Reports

Sow energy intake during lactation is an important factor to consider when trying to maximize sow and pig performance. It has been shown that inadequate energy intake during lactation results in decreased litter weaning weight. Poor energy intake during lactation is also thought to result in a reduction in postweaning reproductive performance by extending the period from weaning to rebreeding. This reduction in postweaning performance is typically preceded by the excessive loss of weight and backfat during lactation.

One method that has been used to increase sow energy intake, and thus alleviate the problems described above is to add dietary …

Pharmacological Levels Of Zinc In Nursery Diets - A Review, Duane Reese

Nebraska Swine Reports

Zinc plays significant roles in pig nutrition and health. A zinc deficiency is manifested by skin lesions known as parakeratosis; poor feed intake; slow growth; diarrhea; and atrophy of the thymus, a gland important in immunological competence. Zinc ions may interact with E. coli by inhibiting the ability of E. coli to respire and therefore reducing its activity. In addition, recent University of Nebraska research indicates that zinc ions cause the organism responsible for swine dysentery (S. hyodysenteriae) to produce less toxin. On the other hand, too much zinc in the feed will cause growth depression, arthritis, and …

Are There Benefits In Adding Fat To Sow Lactation Diets?, Phillip S. Miller, Austin Lewis, Cynthia Wolverton

Nebraska Swine Reports

Lactation is a metabolic challenge to the sow. Some high-producing sows can produce as much as 30 lb of milk/ day during peak lactation. Unfortunately, most sows are unable to consume sufficient dietary energy to fuel the processes of milk synthesis and must mobilize body stores of fat and protein. This problem is accentuated as the number of pigs nursed increases (milk production is increased). Therefore, nutritional programs for lactating sows must incorporate strategies to maximize energy intake and avoid excessive weight loss that may contribute to longer rebreeding intervals or increased culling from the sow herd.

Research conducted at …

Estimation Of Pork Trim Composition By Electromagnetic Scanning, N. L. Meseck, B. L. Gwartney, Chris R. Calkins

Nebraska Swine Reports

The value of pork trim depends on its lean content. Accurate assessment of composition is necessary for proper pricing. Procedures often used to estimate composition lack accuracy and require time, thus a rapid, accurate, non-invasive technology to determine lean content of pork trim is needed.

Electromagnetic scanning, also known as ToBEC (total body electrical conductivity), has been studied for prediction of lean in hams (see 1994 Swine Report, p. 8). The equipment consists of a stainless steel cabinet containing a large, plastic-covered coil, through which meat is conveyed. Energy is absorbed from the electromagnetic field by the sample. Because lean …

Review Of Skeletal Biology In The Great Plains: Migration, Warfare, Health, And Subsistence, Edited By Douglas W. Owsley And Richard L. Jantz. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1994. 415 Pages., Alan J. Osborn

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

First paragraph:

The editors and contributors to this large, impressive volume present thirty-two chapters that deal with Great Plains skeletal biology. The goal of these diverse investigations was to derive critical information from human skeletal remains about past inhabitants of the Plains, including prehistoric and historic Indians, as well as Euro-Americans. These contributions are organized topically into five parts: (1) archaeology; (2) demography and paleopathology; (3) biological distance measures and skeletal morphology; (4) diet and subsistence strategies; and (5) warfare. The studies represent the collaborative efforts of archaeologists, physical anthropologists, ethnologists, ethnohistorians, and physical scientists. A major impetus for these …

Geophagy: Adaptive Or Aberrant Behavior, David E. Engberg

Nebraska Anthropologist

Geophagy, clay or dirt eating, is a worldwide phenomenon of long historical precedence. Historically perceived as an irrational behavior, today, growing evidence supports the contention that earth eating has adaptive value. Case studies from Africa and the United States illustrate the practice. A literature review shows that three primary explanations have been offered to account for the presence of geophagy in human populations. The first argues that geophagy has medicinal value as an anti-diarrheal and as a dietary supplement in vitamin and mineral poor environments. The Second contends that geophagy is a culturally transferred practice. The third states that earth …

Development Of Maize Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) On Corn Lines Resistant To An Aflatoxin-Producing Fungus, James E. Throne, James E. Baker, Gene E. Scott

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Susceptibility to the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, of corn lines bred for their resistance to the aflatoxin-producing fungus Aspergillus flavus Link ex Fries was determined in the laboratory. Duration of maize weevil development, number of progeny produced, and an index of susceptibility varied with corn line; number of eggs laid and survivorship from egg to adult emergence did not vary with corn line. Soluble carbohydrate, kernel hardness, lipid, soluble nitrogen, free and bound phenolic acids, Kjeldahl protein, and protein/carbohydrate ratio varied with corn line; equilibrium moisture content did not vary with corn line. The only relationship between biological parameters …

Growth Rate As A Function Of Food Consumption In Hatchling Sceloporus Virgatus (Sauria: Iguanidae), Geoffrey R. Smith

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

The potential for food availability and consumption to produce variation in growth rates among hatchling striped plateau lizards (Sceloporus virgatus) was studied under laboratory conditions. Growth rate and survivorship were positively linearly related to the amount of food consumed. Differences in food consumption and availability created large differences in body size by the end of the experiment.

Principles And History Of Turfgrass Pest Management, Frederick P. Baxendale, Jennifer A. Grant

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The importance of developing efficient and environmentally sound methods for managing turf grass pests has been reemphasized by recent concerns over environmental safety, the loss of long-term residual insecticides, and a growing awareness of the problems associated with the overuse of pesticides. Integrated pest management (IPM) addresses these concerns while maintaining the aesthetic and utilitarian qualities of the turf IPM is an approach that utilizes all suitable methods and techniques in a compatible manner to maintain pest densities below levels causing unacceptable damage. Although insects and mites are discussed in this handbook, the same management principles apply to other turf …

The Identification Of Individuals With Disabilities In National Databases: Creating A Failure To Communicate, Kevin S. Mcgrew, Bob Algozzine, James E. Ysseldyke, Martha L. Thurlow, Amy N. Spiegel

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to analyze similarities and differences in how students with disabilities are identified in national databases. National data collection programs in the United States Departments of Education, Commerce, Labor, Justice, and Health and Human Services, as well as databases from the National Science Foundation, the American Council of Education, and the College Board, were examined. Nineteen national data collection programs were selected as being potentially useful in the extraction of policy-relevant information on the educational status and performance of students with disabilities. Among these 19 programs there was significant variability in the disability categories used. …

Estimating Predatory Efficiency Of Episyrphus Balteatus (Diptera: Syrphidae) In Cereal Fields, Brigitte Tenhumberg

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

A model was developed to estimate the effect of predation by Episyrphus balteatus larvae on aphid populations in fields of winter wheat. Feeding rate of syrphid larvae was estimated from experiments in field cages using a Holling type-III function. During larval development, syrphids consumed a maximum of 396 aphids, which is only half the potential feeding rate reported from laboratory experiments. The lower consumption rate in the field may be attributed to the additional time required by the predators to find prey. Isoclines derived from the model were used to estimate the abundance of syrphid larvae necessary to prevent further …

Population Processes, Kathleen H. Keeler, Anthony Joern

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Within the prairies, myriad populations of plants, insects, small mammals, and other organisms form distinct levels of organization. The physical forces of weather and fire and the complex networks of species interactions control each species’s structure and dynamics and determine its abundance or rarity. Variation in population dynamics and interactions over time and space determine the distribution and abundance of species, and ultimately the composition and dynamics of entire prairie communities.

To the casual observer, plant populations on prairies may seem quite static, like museums containing a diverse collection of specimens that can be seen again and again on repeated …

Cluster Analysis Of The Coprolites From Antelope House: Implications For Anasazi Diet And Cuisine, Mark Q. Sutton, Karl Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

This paper reports on a cluster analysis of 155 coprolites from Antelope House, a prehistoric Anasazi site in Canyon de Chelly, Arizona. The analysis revealed three primary clusters; whole kernel maize, milled maize, and nonmaize, which we believe to represent seasonal- and preference-related cuisine. Protein residue analysis on a subsample of the specimens added depth to the analysis.

Survey Of Omega-3 Fatty Acids In Diets Of Midwest Low-Income Pregnant Women, Nancy M. Lewis, Anne C. Widga, Janet S. Buck, Andrea M. Frederick

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

The objectives of this project were to detennine the omega-3 fatty acid (ω-3 FA) consumption of low-income pregnant women, and to identify food sources of ω-3 FA in their diets. Thirty women provided three days of dietary intake that were analyzed using the Food Processor Plus computer program. Mean daily consumption of ω-3 FA was 1.060 ± 0.030 g/day. The major form of the ω-3 FA was α-linolenic acid (α-LNA; 93%), with less from eicosapentanoic acid (EPA; 2%), and docosahexanoic acid (DHA; 5%). Foods that provided the most α-LNA were fats, oils, salad dressings, and milk products. EPA …

Disease And Coyotes In Texas, Danny B. Pence

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

The coyote (Canis latrans) population in southern Texas has a recurring group of 3 common helminths and several peripheral species of lesser importance. Although recurrent group analyses have not been applied to other macro- or microparasite communities, there are certain infectious agents with high prevalences that could form recurrent groups, and that are potentially important in tams of impacting host population (i.e. coyote) abundance. While the current rabies epizootic involving coyotes in southern Texas is of public health concern, it probably will not have a major impact on the coyote population. Most likely, the net effect of canine …

Endocrinology Of The Avian Reproductive System, Mary Ann Ottinger, Murray R. Bakst

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the avian reproductive system. Attention is given to the neuroendocrine regulation of hypothalamic and pituitary gland hormones as well as the target tissues regulated by these hormones. Emphasis is placed on the dynamics of the system and the effects of alterations resulting from environmental and other influences on the function of the reproductive system. The ovulatory cycle, oviduct, and shell gland are discussed relative to egg formation and the hormonal regulation of this process. Testicular function and the cellular bases for spermatogenesis and steroid production are also discussed.

Genetic And Phenotypic (Co)Variances For Growth And Carcass Traits Of Purebred And Composite Populations Of Beef Cattle, K. E. Gregory, L. V. Cundiff, R. M. Koch

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Least squares means, genetic (σ_g), and phenotypic (σ_p) standard deviations, and phenotypic coefficients of variation (CV) were estimated on an age-constant basis for growth, carcass, and meat traits of castrate males from 12 breed groups combined, for 9 purebreds combined, and for the F3 generation of three composite populations combined to which the nine purebreds contributed. Also, heritabilities ( h²) and genetic ( r_g) and phenotypic ( r_p) correlations were estimated among growth, carcass, and meat traits for all breed groups combined involving 1,594 individuals that were the progeny of …

The Ftc's Reliance On Extrinsic Evidence In Cases Of Deceptive Advertising: A Proposal For Interpretive Rulemaking. Kraft, Inc. V. Ftc, 970 F.2d 311 (7th Cir. 1992), Cert. Denied, 113 S. Ct. 1254 (1993), Dennis P. Stolle

Nebraska Law Review

The Federal Trade Commission's ("Commission”) decision in In re Kraft, Inc., shocked many members of the legal community. The decision reasserted the Commission's long dormant authority to disregard relevant extrinsic evidence and rely solely on its own reasoned analysis in determining whether an advertisement implicitly conveys deceptive claims. Viewed by many as an example of the Commission flexing its regulatory muscle, the decision was reminiscent of the expansive discretion asserted during the Commission's pre-Reagan era. On appeal, the Seventh Circuit reluctantly upheld the Commission's decision, solidifying the Commission's broad discretion to determine when commercial speech is deceptive and thereby …

Women In Development: The Need For A Grassroots Gender Planning Approach, Darcy L. Boellstorff

Nebraska Anthropologist

While the recognition of the roles of women in Third World society is increasing, the adequate operational frameworks for including the concerns of women involved in development planning has not kept pace. Models generally used in planning ignore the importance of gender in social structures. Development in the Third World has historically provided little benefit to women, generally leaving them in a more vulnerable social and economic position. Gender planning holds the key to the implementation of successful development programs in Third World communities by recognizing different social relationships between women and men occur from society to society and are …

The Native American Grave Protection And Repatriation Act: A Necessary But Costly Measure, Tina F. Brown

Nebraska Anthropologist

The Native American Grave Protection and Repatriation Act has had an immense impact on Amencan Anthropology. NAGPRA protects NatiVe Amencan skeletal remains and burial goods by ordenng those held for research or display retumed, and by restricting future excavations. In the course of its enactment, it has divided anthropologists on the basis of moral convictions and research priorities. Its history is long, and its future is uncertain.

Nebline, December 1994

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Horticulture

Rural $ense

Human Resources

4-H & Youth

Environmental Focus

Community & Leadership Development

Extension Calendar

Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP)

Nebraska Association for Family and Community Education News

and other extension news and events

Ard News December 1994

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:

SEASON'S GREETINGS
INDIRECT COST RECOVERY BY ARD UNITS DURING FY 1994
USDA REORGANIZATION
NEW ARD PUBLICATIONS
DEVELOPMENT OF GRADUATE EDUCATION PROGRAMS
ARD ADMINISTERED GRANT AND AWARDS PROGRAMS
INDIRECT COSTS: MYTHS, FACTS AND FACILITIES
SPECIAL RESEARCH GRANT PROGRAM A WARDS
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS RECEIVED OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER, 1994
NEW OR REVISED PROJECTS
PROPOSALS SUBMITTED FOR FEDERAL GRANTS

Nebline, November 1994

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Horticulture

Rural $ense

Human Resources

4-H & Youth

Environmental Focus

Community & Leadership Development

Extension Calendar

Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP)

Nebraska Association for Family and Community Education News

and other extension news and events

Nebline, October 1994

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Horticulture

Rural $ense

Human Resources

4-H & Youth

Environmental Focus

Community & Leadership Development

Extension Calendar

Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP)

Nebraska Association for Family and Community Education News

and other extension news and events

Ard News October 1994

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
COMMENTS FROM THE DEAN
NORTH CENTRAL REGION SARE and ACE PROGRAMS
NATIONAL RESEARCH INITIATIVE UPDATE
PRESIDENT CLINTON'S RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT GOALS FOR FY 1996
FY 1995 CSRS BUDGET
ROLE OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
GRADUATE STUDENT ENROLLMENT FOR 1994-1995
FORM FOR RECORDING INDUSTRY OR FOUNDATION INCOME
REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL APPROVAL AND SUBMISSION
GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICES VIDEO
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS RECEIVED AUGUST AND SEPTEMBER, 1994
PROPOSALS SUBMITTED FOR FEDERAL GRANTS
NEW OR REVISED PROJECTS
WHAT A DOLLAR SPENT FOR FOOD PAID FOR IN 1993

The Sower, Fall 1994

The Sower (CASNR Alumni Newsletter)

Contents:

Arnold, Gingery receive 1994 Alumni Awards
From Your Association President
ASAP Program kickoff held October 20
From the Dean’s Desk
College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Student Ambassadors
Career Services Center available to alumni
Girl Scout Tech-Holiday
Red Letter Days
CASNR Career Day
High School Scholars Research Program
Placement Library moves
Ag Career Day in York
CASNR Alumni Update Day - March 17,1995
What have you been up to since graduation?
1994-95 CASNRAA Board of Directors