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Endeavors 2005-06

Endeavors: Highlights of University of Nebraska-Lincoln Agricultural Research Division Research

CONTENTS:

Sharing discoveries, innovations statewide
New tool aids crop decisions when water restricted
Quantifying impact of attack on nation’s grain marketing system
Soy oil finding’s help shape food allergen labeling laws
Feedlot heat stress research saves millions
Field trials providing info to combat soybean rust
Initiative increases UNL expertise, collaboration for water research
Cattle grazing influences bird nesting in Sandhills
Demand growing for IANR’s improved, water-thrifty buffalograsses
Lighter weight replacement heifers cut feed costs without hurting reproductive performance
Undergrads and scientists team on research efforts
Studies provide insights about antibiotics’ fate in soil
Nutrition research finds many pre-school children short …

Agricultural Research Division 120th Annual Report 2006

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

Table of Contents:

Our Mission
Foreword
Research Highlights
Faculty Awards and Recognitions
Graduate Student Awards and Recognitions
Undergraduate Honors Student Research Program
Variety and Germplasm Releases
Administration
Administrative Personnel
Organizational Chart
Administrative Units
IANR Research Facilities
Faculty
Agricultural/Natural Resources Units
Education and Human Sciences Departments
Off-Campus Research Centers
Interdisciplinary Activities
Visiting Scientists/Research Associates
Research Projects
Agricultural/Natural Resources Units
Education and Human Sciences Departments
Off-Campus Research Centers
Interdisciplinary Activities
Publications
Agricultural/Natural Resources Units
Education and Human Sciences Departments
Off-Campus Research Centers
Research Expenditures

Human Transcriptome Corresponding To Human Oocytes And Use Of Said Genes Or The Corresponding Polypeptides To Trans-Differentiate Somatic Cells, Jose Bernardo Cibelli, Arif Murat Kocabas, Bing Lim, Hasan H. Otu

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

The identification of 101 genes upregulated or differentially expressed by mature human oocytes is provided herein. These genes and the corresponding gene products will facilitate a greater understanding of oogenesis, folliculogenesis, fertilization, and embryonic development. In addition these genes and the corresponding gene products can be used to effect dedifferentiation and/or transdifferentiation of desired somatic cells. The resultant dedifferentiated cells and somatic cells derived therefrom can be used in cell therapies such as in the treatment of cancer, autoimmunity, and other diseases wherein specific types of cells such as hematopoietic cells may be depleted because of the underlying disease or …

Evaluating Crops For A Flexible Summer Fallow Cropping System, Douglas G. Felter, Drew J. Lyon, David C. Nielsen

Panhandle Research and Extension Center

Substituting a short-season, spring-planted crop for summer fallow when soil water is sufficient at planting might reduce soil degradation without significantly increasing the risk of crop failure. The objectives of this study were to determine the relationship of crop grain or forage yield to plant available soil water at planting. The study was conducted on silt loam soils in 2004 and 2005 at Sidney, NE, and Akron, CO. A range of soil water levels was established with supplemental irrigation before planting. Four crops [spring triticale (X Triticosecale rimpaui Wittm.) for forage, dry pea (Pisum sativum L.) for grain, …

Animal Science Alumni Newsletter, Winter 2006

Department of Animal Science: Departmental News

Contents:

Nielsen Named Kermit Wagner Distinguished Professor of Animal Science
Animal Science Alumnus is UNL Masters Week Recipient
From the Department Head’s Desk
Animal Breeding Symposium Honors Dr. Dale Van Vleck
New Faces for Old Places
New Faculty
Larry Larson to Retire
2006 SSR New Investigator Award
UNL Animal Science Students Benefit from the NC/NCW Annual Convention in More Ways than One
Block & Bridle Activities
2007 Upcoming Activities
Ambassador Activities
Beermann and Calkins Attend Congress in Ireland
Mexico 2006 – A Trip to Remember
Former Student Fernando Lagos Experiences
Former Graduates Receive CASNR Awards
Recent Department Awards and Recognitions …

The Effect Of Handling Time On Temporal Discounting In Two New World Primates, Alexandra G. Rosati, Jeffrey R. Stevens, Marc D. Hauser

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

Foraging decisions in nonhuman animals often require choosing between small, immediate food rewards and larger, more delayed rewards. Faced with such choices, animals typically discount or devalue the future quite strongly. Although discounting studies often focus on delays to reward access, other temporal intervals contribute to foraging rate, and thus may potentially influence discounting levels. Here, we examine the effect of handling time, the time required to process and consume food, on discounting in cottontop tamarins, Saguinus oedipus, and common marmosets, Callithrix jacchus, two species that differ in levels of temporal discounting. We presented subjects with a discounting task under …

Office Of Research -- Annual Report 2005-2006

Office of Research and Economic Development: Publications

Table of Contents

Physical Sciences & Engineering
Exploring the final frontier – extreme light . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Nano discovery is golden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
New center fuels energy research . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 6
Imparting the human touch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . …

Department Of Veterinary And Biomedical Sciences: 2006 Annual Report

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Information and History

Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Personnel . 9-16

Faculty .. 9

VBMS Researchers, Postdoctoral and Senior Research Associates . 10

VBMS Adjunct and Courtesy Faculty .... 11

Emeriti Faculty .. 11

VBMS Faculty and Staff by Function and Unit .. 9-16

VBMS Honors, Awards and Recognitions, 2006 17-19

VBMS Committee Assignments, 2006/2007 . 20-22

Faculty Profiles . 23-45

Raul G. Barletta, BS, MS, PhD .. 23

Bruce W. Brodersen, BS, DVM, MS, PhD .... 24

Michael P. Carlson, BS, MS, PhD ... 25

Subash Das, BSV c, MVSc, PhD .... 26

Alan R. Doster, DVM, MS, PhD, ACVP . …

Rural/Nonrural Differences In Colorectal Cancer Incidence In The United States, 1998--2001, Steven S. Coughlin, Thomas B. Richards, Trevor Thompson, Barry A. Miller, Juliet Van Eenwyk, Marc T. Goodman, Recinda L. Sherman

United States Public Health Resources

BACKGROUND. Few studies of colorectal cancer incidence by rural, suburban, and metropolitan residence have been published.

METHODS. The authors examined colorectal cancer incidence among men and women in U.S. counties classified as rural, suburban, and metropolitan for the period 1998–2001. They examined rural/suburban/metropolitan differences in incidence by age, race, Hispanic ethnicity, stage at diagnosis, histology, and percentage of the total county population below the poverty level, using data from the CDC’s National Program of Cancer Registries, the NCI’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, and the 2000 U.S. Census.

RESULTS. A total of 495,770 newly diagnosed or …

Weaving Social Change: Berea College Fireside Industries And Reform In Appalachia, Sarah Stopenhagen Broomfield

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

The Appalachian subculture of America is well known for its tradition of handcrafts, and Berea College, Berea, Kentucky, played a seminal role in promoting that tradition throughout its 150-year history. This study looks at the first five decades of Berea College’s renowned handweaving program, the beginning of what is known today as the Student Crafts program. It explores the connection between Berea alumnae and the settlement school movement that promoted social change in the Appalachian region, specifically the contribution of Berea College’s Appalachian Crafts Revival to reform in Appalachia.

The historical record is full of references to Berea College students …

An Ethnographic Interpretation Of The Smoke Rising And Smoke Descending Ceremonial Attire Of The Sa'dan Malimbong Toraja, Maria Christou

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

The modern Toraja ceremonial attire worn for the smoke rising and the smoke descending rituals are woven in the Sa'dan Malimbong villages on back strap looms with a continuous warp using both continuous and discontinuous two-faced supplementary weft decorative elements (Christou, 1997; 2005). The smoke rising, or Rambu-Tuka', and smoke descending, or Rambu- Solo', ceremonies are a body of rituals associated with the traditional Toraja religion, or Aluk Todolo; therefore, they form the belief structure of pre-Islamic and Christian Tana Toraja (Mattulada, 1978, p. 135). The style and design elements associated with the traditional religion persist despite changes in materials …

Wildlife Tuberculosis In South African Conservation Areas: Implications And Challenges, A.L. Michel, R.G. Bengis, D.F. Keet, M. Hofmeyr, L.M. De Klerk, P.C. Cross, A.E. Jolles, D. Cooper, I.J. Whyte, P. Buss, J. Godfroid

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium bovis, was first diagnosed in African buffalo in South Africa’s Kruger National Park in 1990. Over the past 15 years the disease has spread northwards leaving only the most northern buffalo herds unaffected. Evidence suggests that 10 other small and large mammalian species, including large predators, are spillover hosts. Wildlife tuberculosis has also been diagnosed in several adjacent private game reserves and in the Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park, the third largest game reserve in South Africa.

The tuberculosis epidemic has a number of implications, for which the full effect of some might only be seen in the long-term. …

Scwds Briefs: Volume 21, Number 4 (January 2006), Gary L. Doster , Editor, Scwds Briefs, Michael J. Yabsley

Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study: Publications

Avian Influenza Update
SCWDS Arthropod Surveillance
Bovine Tuberculosis in a Minnesota Deer
Raccoons and Rehabilitation
Rabies in Wildlife
Chronic Wasting Disease Update: Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Alberta
Chronic Wasting Disease Research News
Idaho Loses Brucellosis-Free Status
SCWDS Loses Two Good Friends: Dr. Vagn Folkman Flyger and Dr. James Hobart Jenkins

Effects Of Food Type, Feeding Frequency, And Temperature On Juvenile Survival And Growth Of Marisa Cornuarietis (Mollusca: Gastropoda), Henriette Selck, John Aufderheide, Nadine Pounds, Charles Staples, Norbert Caspers, Valery E. Forbes

Valery Forbes Publications

The present experiments are part of a larger study designed to investigate the influence of husbandry parameters on the life history of the ramshorn snail, Marisa cornuarietis, in order to identify suitable husbandry conditions for maintaining multi-generation populations in the laboratory for use in ecotoxicological testing. In this paper we focus on the effects of a combination of food types and feeding frequencies (i.e., the frequency with which the snails were offered food) on juvenile growth and survival at different temperatures. Offspring produced in the laboratory by wild specimens of M. cornuarietis, from Puerto Rico, were used to …

Effects Of Husbandry Parameters On The Life-History Traits Of The Apple Snail, Marisa Cornuarietis: Effects Of Temperature, Photoperiod, And Population Density, John Aufderheide, Ryan Warbritton, Nadine Pounds, Sharon File-Emperador, Charles Staples, Norbert Caspers, Valery E. Forbes

Valery Forbes Publications

These experiments are part of a larger study designed to investigate the influence of husbandry parameters on the life history of the apple snail, Marisa cornuarietis. The overall objective of the program is to identify suitable husbandry conditions for maintaining multigeneration populations of this species in the laboratory for use in ecotoxicological testing. In this article, we focus on the effects of photoperiod, temperature, and population density on adult fecundity and juvenile growth. Increasing photoperiod from 12 to 16 h of light per day had no effect on adult fecundity or egg hatching and relatively minor effects on juvenile growth …

Tapeworms Of Elasmobranchs (Part Ii) A Monograph On The Diphyllidea (Platyhelminthes, Cestoda), Gaines Albert Tyler Ii

Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum (1924–2023)

The main objective of this monograph was a synthesis of the available knowledge on the diversity, systematics, host associations, and biogeography of the Diphyllidea. A thorough review of the literature resulted in the transfer of Diagonobothrium into Diphyllidea as a genus inquirendum. The genus Yogeshwaria was also transferred to Diphyllidea as a synonym of Echinobothrium. Its only species, E. nagabhushani n. comb., is considered to be a species inquirenda. New collections resulted in the description of a new species of Echinobothrium. Type and/or voucher specimens for 32 of 36 valid diphyllidean species (including the new species) …

Correlated Responses In Maternal Performance Following Divergent Selection For Heat Loss In Mice, J. M. Mcdonald, Merlyn . K. Nielsen

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Divergent selection in mice was applied in 3 independent replicates for high (maintenance high; MH) and low (maintenance low; ML) heat loss for 16 generations. An unselected control (maintenance control; MC) was also maintained in all replicates. Selection ceased for 26 generations; heat-loss measurement and selection resumed at generation 42. Lactation performance, dam weight, dam feed intake, and efficiency of production of pup weight were recorded or calculated for MH and ML dams in all 3 replicates at generation 46 or 47 with the objective of determining whether selection for heat loss has created correlated responses in maternal performance. One-half …

Renal Damage In Experimentally-Induced Cirrhosis In Rats: Role Of Oxygen Free Radicals, Sathish Kumar Natarajan, Jayasree Basivireddy, Anup Ramachandran, Simmy Thomas, Prabhu Ramamoorthy, Anna B. Pulimood, Molly Jacob, Kunissery A. Balasubramanian

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Cirrhosis with ascites is associated with impaired renal function accompanied by sodium and water retention. Although it has been suggested that mediators such as nitric oxide play a role in the development of renal failure in this situation, other mechanisms underlying the process are not well understood. This study examined the role of oxidative stress in mediating renal damage during the development of cirrhosis in order to understand mechanisms involved in the process. It was shown that carbon tetrachloride– or thioacetamide-induced cirrhosis in rats results in oxidative stress in the kidney as seen by increased lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, …

Intestinal Mucosal Alterations In Rats With Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Cirrhosis: Changes In Glycosylation And Luminal Bacteria, Sathish Kumar Natarajan, Prabhu Ramamoorthy, Simmy Thomas, Jayasree Basivireddy, Gagandeep Kang, Anup Ramachandran, Anna B. Pulimood, K. A. Balasubramanian

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is a major cause of mortality after liver cirrhosis. Altered permeability of the mucosa and deficiencies in host immune defenses through bacterial translocation from the intestine due to intestinal bacterial overgrowth have been implicated in the development of this complication. Molecular mechanisms underlying the process are not well known. In order to understand mechanisms involved in translocation of bacteria, this study explored the role of oxidative stress in mediating changes in intestinal mucosal glycosylation and luminal bacterial content during cirrhosis. CCl₄-induced cirrhosis in rats led to prolonged oxidative stress in the intestine, accompanied by increased …

Effects Of Supplementing Beef Cows With Lipid From Whole Corn Germ, Jeremy Martin, Richard J. Rasby, Dennis R. Brink, Ron Lindquist, Duane Keisler, Stephen D. Kachman, Mark Dragastin

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A two-year study was conducted with crossbred beef cows to determine whether supplementation with fat from whole corn germ either pre- or postpartum influenced ovarian activity before the breeding season, pregnancy rates, calving interval, calf performance, or serum leptin concentration. Supplements were fed for approximately 45 days before or 45 days after calving. Cows supplemented prepartum with fat from whole corn germ had shorter calving intervals. Ovarian activity before the breeding season, pregnancy rate, calf growth, and serum leptin were not different between groups.

Effects Of Optaflexx Fed In Combination With Mga On Feedlot Heifer Performance, William A. Grififn, Galen E. Erickson, Bill Dicke, Robert J. Cooper, D. J. Jordon, William Moseley, Gary Sides, Jim S. Drouillard, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A commercial feedlot experiment was conducted using 1,807 heifers to evaluate the effects of Optaflexx fed in combination with MGA on finishing heifer performance. In heifers receiving MGA throughout the entire 126-143 day feeding period, feeding Optaflexx for the last 31-38 days increased ADG and hot carcass weight compared to heifers fed MGA but not Optaflexx. Heifers fed MGA and Optaflexx had increased DMI, improved feed efficiency and increased final live weight. Carcass quality measurements were not influenced by treatment.

Frontmatter And Contents

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Appreciation is expressed to the following firms, associations, or agencies who provided grant support for research in the beef cattle program.

Abengoa Bionergy Corp., York, Nebraska
Beef Board, Centennial, Colorado
Bioniche Lifes Services, Belleville, Ontario, Canada
Cargill Corn Milling, Blair, Nebraska
Elanco Animal Health, Indianapolis, Indiana
Intervet, Millsboro, Delaware
J.C. Robinson Seed Co., Waterloo, Nebraska
Montana State University, Boseman, Montana
Nebraska Cattlemen, Inc., Lincoln, Nebraska
Nebraska Corn Board, Lincoln, Nebraska
Nutrition Physiology Corp., Amarillo, Texas
Pfizer Inc., New York, New York
Soypass Royalty Funds, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska

Appreciation is also expressed to the following firms who provided …

Effects Of Pre- And Postpartum Nutrition On Reproduction In Spring Calving Cows And Calf Feedlot Performance, Leslie Aaron Stalker, Don C. Adams, Richard N. Funston, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Crossbred, spring calving cows were used in a three-year experiment to evaluate the influence of supplemental protein prepartum and grazing sub-irrigated meadow postpartum on pregnancy rates and calf feedlot performance. Feeding supplement prepartum improved body condition score pre-calving and pre-breeding and increased the percentage of live calves at weaning but did not affect pregnancy rate or steer calf feedlot performance. Grazing sub-irrigated meadow did not change pregnancy rates or feedlot performance.

Effects Of Dam Nutrition On Growth And Reproductive Performance Of Heifer Calves, Jeremy Martin, Kim Vonnahme, Greg Lardy, Don C. Adams, Richard N. Funston

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A 3-year experiment evaluated the effects of maternal nutrition on growth and reproductive performance of heifer calves. Supplementing cows with protein during late gestation resulted in heifers that were heavier at weaning and breeding, had higher pregnancy rates, and calved earlier. Allowing cows to graze meadows after calving improved calf weaning weight but not heifer reproductive performance. Heifers from cows that were fed hay after calving had reduced DMI and improved residual feed intake if their dams were supplemented with protein during gestation, but ADG and G:F were not affected by dam supplementation or spring feeding strategies.

Valuing Feedyard Management Education, Experience, And Expertise, Rik R. Smith, Darrell R. Mark

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

This study uses a mail survey to determine the value Nebraska feedyard operators place on education, experience, and area of expertise in new assistant manager hires. Using conjoint analysis, calculations are made that estimate the marginal value of moving from one level of these attributes to another. Results show that operators preferred higher levels of education and experience. However, relevant experience was preferred over formal education. As an area of expertise, animal health was valued highest by operators of feedyards in all size categories for new assistant managers. Personnel management was valued lowest. Results suggest prospective assistant managers can maximize …

Statistics Used In The Nebraska Beef Report And Their Purpose

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The purpose of beef cattle and beef product research at UNL is to provide reference information that represents the various populations (cows, calves, heifers, feeders, carcasses, retail products, etc.) of beef production. Obviously, the researcher cannot apply treatments to every member of a population; therefore, he/she must sample the population. The use of statistics allows the researcher and readers of the Nebraska Beef Report the opportunity to evaluate separation of random (chance) occurrences and real biological effects of a treatment. Following is a brief description of the major statistics used in the beef report. For a more detailed description of …

Nebraska 2006 Beef Cattle Report

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Table of Contents

Cow/Calf
Effects of Supplementing Beef Cows with Lipid from Whole Corn Germ
Effects of Supplementing Lactating, June-calving Cows on Second-calf Pregnancy Rates
Effects of Pre- and Postpartum Nutrition on Reproduction in Spring Calving Cows and Calf Feedlot Performance
Effects of Dam Nutrition on Growth and Reproductive Performance of Heifer Calves
A System for Wintering Beef Heifers Using Dried Distillers Grains
Feeding Melengestrol Acetate to Bulls Prior to and at Puberty Alters Body Weight, and Hormone Concentration
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor mRNA Isoforms 120 and 164 Are Differentially Regulated Prior to Ovulation
Bull Exposure, When Combined with a …

An Honors Pilot Course: Cross-Cultural Service And Inquiry-Based Learning In Mérida, Mexico, Theresa Minick, Victoria Bocchicchio

Honors in Practice Online Archive

The guiding document for Kent State University’s Honors College, “The Nature of an Honors Course,” describes some of the unique aspects that set Honors courses apart from non-Honors courses. We expect an Honors course to be an experience and a process; we encourage students to take initiatives in determining the directions of the courses. One of our driving goals is to find ways to help students extract more intellectual value out of their university experiences, and the cross-cultural pilot course in Mérida, México described here was designed with that goal in mind.

The Importance Of Integrative Anthropology: A Preliminary Investigation Employing Primatological And Cultural Anthropological Data Collectionmethods In Assessing Human-Monkey Co-Existence In Bali, Indonesia, James E. Loudon, Michaela E. Howells, Agustin Fuentes

Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)

This study investigates the interplay between humans (Homo sapiens) and long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) living in sympatric associations at 11 Hindu temple sites on the island of Bali, Indonesia. Primatological methods were utilized to examine demography, habitat type, and record long-tailed macaque feeding, and ranging behavior. Additionally, interviews and questionnaires were conducted to ascertain Balinese individuals’ perspectives regarding the macaques, local folklores surrounding the macaques, the perceived level of human-macaque overlap, and the degree of crop raiding by the macaques. Ethnographic methods revealed that attitudes toward long-tailed macaques vary, suggesting that human perceptions are determined by religious/local folklores and potential …

Women In History--Grace Abbott: A Leader In Social Reform, Shari Cole Hoffman

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

One of the earlier 20th century American women leaders in Progressivism was Grace Abbott who led the way so others might be the voices for those unheard. Abbott's heritage influenced her lifetime commitment to social improvement. She was born on November 17, 1878 in Grand Island, Nebraska into a family of activists. Her Quaker mother, Elizabeth Griffin Abbott, came from an abolitionist family and participated in the Underground Railroad. Elizabeth was also actively involved in the women's suffrage movement and often hosted suffrage meetings and events in her home. Susan B. Anthony frequently stayed with the Abbotts when visiting Grand …