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Developing A Slow-Release Permanganate Composite For Degrading Aquaculture Antibiotics, Chainarong Sakulthaew, Chanat Chokejaroenrat, Sidaporn Panya, Apisit Songsasen, Kitipong Poomipuen, Saksit Imman, Nopparat Suriyachai, Torpong Kreetachat, Steven Comfort Jun 2023

Developing A Slow-Release Permanganate Composite For Degrading Aquaculture Antibiotics, Chainarong Sakulthaew, Chanat Chokejaroenrat, Sidaporn Panya, Apisit Songsasen, Kitipong Poomipuen, Saksit Imman, Nopparat Suriyachai, Torpong Kreetachat, Steven Comfort

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Copious use of antibiotics in aquaculture farming systems has resulted in surface water contamination in some countries. Our objective was to develop a slow-release oxidant that could be used in situ to reduce antibiotic concentrations in discharges from aquaculture lagoons. We accomplished this by generating a slow-release permanganate (SR-MnO4-) that was composed of a biodegradable wax and a phosphate-based dispersing agent. Sulfadimethoxine (SDM) and its synergistic antibiotics were used as representative surrogates. Kinetic experiments verified that the antibiotic-MnO4- reactions were first-order with respect to MnO4- and initial antibiotic concentration (second-order rates: 0.056–0.128 s …

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The Association Between Drought Exposure And Respiratory-Related Mortality In The United States From 2000 To 2018, Yeongjin Gwon, Yuanyuan Ji, Jesse E. Bell, Azar M. Abadi, Jesse D. Berman, Austin Rau, Ronald D. Leeper, Jared Rennie Jun 2023

The Association Between Drought Exposure And Respiratory-Related Mortality In The United States From 2000 To 2018, Yeongjin Gwon, Yuanyuan Ji, Jesse E. Bell, Azar M. Abadi, Jesse D. Berman, Austin Rau, Ronald D. Leeper, Jared Rennie

Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute: Faculty Publications

Climate change has brought increasing attention to the assessment of health risks associated with climate and extreme events. Drought is a complex climate phenomenon that has been increasing in frequency and severity both locally and globally due to climate change. However, the health risks of drought are often overlooked, especially in places such as the United States, as the pathways to health impacts are complex and indirect. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the effects of monthly drought exposure on respiratory mortality for NOAA climate regions in the United States from 2000 to 2018. A two-stage model …

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Coupling Dendroecological And Remote Sensing Techniques To Assess The Biophysical Traits Of Juniperus Virginiana And Pinus Ponderosa Within The Semi-Arid Grasslands Of The Nebraska Sandhills, R. Allen, Anastasios Mazis, Brian Wardlow, P. Cherubini, J. Hiller, David A. Wedin, Tala Awada Jun 2023

Coupling Dendroecological And Remote Sensing Techniques To Assess The Biophysical Traits Of Juniperus Virginiana And Pinus Ponderosa Within The Semi-Arid Grasslands Of The Nebraska Sandhills, R. Allen, Anastasios Mazis, Brian Wardlow, P. Cherubini, J. Hiller, David A. Wedin, Tala Awada

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Woody species encroachment is occurring within the semi-arid grasslands of the Nebraska Sandhills U.S., primarily driven by native Juniperus virginiana and Pinus ponderosa, altering ecosystems and the services they provide. Effective, low cost, and cross-scale monitoring of woody species growth and performance is necessary for integrated grassland and forest management in the face of climate variability and change. In this study, we sought to establish a relationship between remote sensing-derived vegetation indices (VIs), tree dendrochronological (raw and standardized tree ring width) measurements, and the abiotic environment [(precipitation, temperature, Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), and soil water content (0–300 cm …

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Next-Generation Sequencing Data-Based Association Testing Of A Group Of Genetic Markers For Complex Responses Using A Generalized Linear Model Framework, Zheng Xu, Song Yan, Cong Wu, Qing Duan, Sixia Chen, Yun Li Jun 2023

Next-Generation Sequencing Data-Based Association Testing Of A Group Of Genetic Markers For Complex Responses Using A Generalized Linear Model Framework, Zheng Xu, Song Yan, Cong Wu, Qing Duan, Sixia Chen, Yun Li

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

To study the relationship between genetic variants and phenotypes, association testing is adopted; however, most association studies are conducted by genotype-based testing. Testing methods based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) data without genotype calling demonstrate an advantage over testing methods based on genotypes in the scenarios when genotype estimation is not accurate. Our objective was to develop NGS data-based methods for association studies to fill the gap in the literature. Single-variant testing methods based on NGS data have been proposed, including our previously proposed single-variant NGS data-based testing method, i.e., UNC combo method. The NGS data-based group testing method has been …

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Spatial And Temporal Activity Patterns Among Sympatric Tree-Roosting Bat Species In An Agriculturally Dominated Great Plains Landscape, Christopher Fill, Craig R. Allen, John F. Benson, Dirac Twidwell Jun 2023

Spatial And Temporal Activity Patterns Among Sympatric Tree-Roosting Bat Species In An Agriculturally Dominated Great Plains Landscape, Christopher Fill, Craig R. Allen, John F. Benson, Dirac Twidwell

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

In agroecosystems, bats can provide a critical ecosystem service by consuming night-flying insect pests. However, many bats also face intense population pressures from human landscape modification, global change and novel diseases. To better understand the behavioral activity of different bat species with respect to space, time, habitat, and other bat species in this environment, we investigated species correlations in space and time over row crop agricultural fields. We used acoustic grids to document spatial and temporal co-occurrence or avoidance between bats and recorded eight species across the 10 field sites we sampled. All species significantly overlapped in two-dimensional space and …

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Next-Generation Sequencing Data-Based Association Testing Of A Group Of Genetic Markers For Complex Responses Using A Generalized Linear Model Framework, Zheng Xu, Song Yan, Cong Wu, Qing Duan, Sixia Chen, Yun Li Jun 2023

Next-Generation Sequencing Data-Based Association Testing Of A Group Of Genetic Markers For Complex Responses Using A Generalized Linear Model Framework, Zheng Xu, Song Yan, Cong Wu, Qing Duan, Sixia Chen, Yun Li

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

To study the relationship between genetic variants and phenotypes, association testing is adopted; however, most association studies are conducted by genotype-based testing. Testing methods based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) data without genotype calling demonstrate an advantage over testing methods based on genotypes in the scenarios when genotype estimation is not accurate. Our objective was to develop NGS data-based methods for association studies to fill the gap in the literature. Single-variant testing methods based on NGS data have been proposed, including our previously proposed single-variant NGS data-based testing method, i.e., UNC combo method. The NGS data-based group testing method has been …

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Pre-Sleep Feeding, Sleep Quality, And Markers Of Recovery In Division I Ncaa Female Soccer Players, Casey E. Greenwalt, Elisa Angeles, Matthew D. Vukovich, Abbie E. Smith-Ryan, Chris W. Bach, Stacy T. Sims, Tucker Zeleny, Kristen E. Holmes, David M. Presby, Katie J. Schiltz, Marine Dupuit, Liliana I. Renteria, Michael J. Ormsbee Jun 2023

Pre-Sleep Feeding, Sleep Quality, And Markers Of Recovery In Division I Ncaa Female Soccer Players, Casey E. Greenwalt, Elisa Angeles, Matthew D. Vukovich, Abbie E. Smith-Ryan, Chris W. Bach, Stacy T. Sims, Tucker Zeleny, Kristen E. Holmes, David M. Presby, Katie J. Schiltz, Marine Dupuit, Liliana I. Renteria, Michael J. Ormsbee

Department of Statistics: Faculty Publications

Pre-sleep nutrition habits in elite female athletes have yet to be evaluated. A retrospective analysis was performed with 14 NCAA Division I female soccer players who wore a WHOOP, Inc. band – a wearable device that quantifies recovery by measuring sleep, activity, and heart rate metrics through actigraphy and photoplethysmography, respectively – 24 h a day for an entire competitive season to measure sleep and recovery. Pre-sleep food consumption data were collected via surveys every 3 days. Average pre-sleep nutritional intake (mean ± sd: kcals 330 ± 284; cho 46.2 ± 40.5 g; pro 7.6 ± 7.3 g; fat 12 …

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Realizing Molecular Machine Learning Through Communications For Biological Ai: Future Directions And Challenges, Sasitharan Balasubramaniam, Samitha Somathilaka, Sehee Sun, Adrian Ratwatte, Massimiliano Pierobon Jun 2023

Realizing Molecular Machine Learning Through Communications For Biological Ai: Future Directions And Challenges, Sasitharan Balasubramaniam, Samitha Somathilaka, Sehee Sun, Adrian Ratwatte, Massimiliano Pierobon

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are weaving their way into the fabric of society, where they are playing a crucial role in numerous facets of our lives. As we witness the increased deployment of AI and ML in various types of devices, we benefit from their use into energy-efficient algorithms for low powered devices. In this paper, we investigate a scale and medium that is far smaller than conventional devices as we move towards molecular systems that can be utilized to perform machine learning functions, i.e., Molecular Machine Learning (MML). Fundamental to the operation of MML is the …

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Synthesis And Study Of High-Spin Stable Organic Radicals For Electrical Conductors And Mannosamine Nitroxide For Mri Contrast Agents, Shuyang Zhang Jun 2023

Synthesis And Study Of High-Spin Stable Organic Radicals For Electrical Conductors And Mannosamine Nitroxide For Mri Contrast Agents, Shuyang Zhang

Department of Chemistry: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

In the first project, we describe the synthesis of an ambient stable high spin organic diradical 4 based on the Blatter moiety. The high-spin (S = 1) organic diradical 4, which consists of two Blatter radical moieties in a conjugated structure, exhibits a nearly exclusive population (88%) on triplet ground state at room temperature as a consequence of a large single-triplet energy gap (ΔEST = 0.5 kcal/mol). The target diradical molecule is synthesized over five steps with structural confirmation by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows the onset of decomposition at ~264 oC, indicating the diradical molecule has …

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Drinking Water Contaminants: Lead, Bruce I. Dvorak, Becky M. Schuerman Jun 2023

Drinking Water Contaminants: Lead, Bruce I. Dvorak, Becky M. Schuerman

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Faculty Publications

Any lead exposure, even low levels, can be a serious health concern, especially for infants, children, and developing fetuses. This NebGuide discusses how to safely manage lead in a domestic water supply (or often referred to as a private well). This NebGuide includes discussion related to topics such as lead services lines and changes in public water supply regulations related to lead in drinking water.

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Evaluating Assessment Score Validity And Characterizing Undergraduate Biology Exam Content, Crystal Uminski Jun 2023

Evaluating Assessment Score Validity And Characterizing Undergraduate Biology Exam Content, Crystal Uminski

School of Biological Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The landscape of undergraduate biology education has been shaped by decades of reform efforts calling for instruction to integrate core concepts and scientific skills as a means of helping students become proficient in the discipline. Assessments can be used to make inferences about how these reform efforts have translated into changes in department curriculum and course practices. Such changes can be measured using student scores on researcher-developed programmatic and concept assessments. Scores on these assessments are often assumed to be accurate representations of student biology content knowledge, but my work indicates that the validity of these interpretations may be threatened …

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The Open Access Journals Toolkit, Alex Mendonça, Andrea Chiarelli, Andy Byers, Andy Nobes, Chris Hartgerink, Clarissa França Dias Carneiro, Elle Malcolmson, Ivonne Lijano, Katie Foxall, Lucia Loffreda, Rebecca Wojturska, Solange Santos, Susan Murray, Tom Olijhoek, Wendy Patterson Jun 2023

The Open Access Journals Toolkit, Alex Mendonça, Andrea Chiarelli, Andy Byers, Andy Nobes, Chris Hartgerink, Clarissa França Dias Carneiro, Elle Malcolmson, Ivonne Lijano, Katie Foxall, Lucia Loffreda, Rebecca Wojturska, Solange Santos, Susan Murray, Tom Olijhoek, Wendy Patterson

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Contents: Getting Started 5 • Scope, aims and focus 5 • Choosing a title for your journal 6 • Types of content accepted 7 • Kick-off and ongoing funding 11 • Disciplinary considerations 16 • Journal setup checklist and timeline 18 • Running a journal 20 • Article selection criteria 20 • Publication frequency and journal issues 23 • Attracting authors 25 • Peer review and quality assurance 27 • The costs of running an online open access journal 31 • Running a journal in a local or regional language 34 • Flipping a journal to open access 36 • …

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Portfolio For Geol 488/888: Groundwater Geology, Erin M.K. Haacker Jun 2023

Portfolio For Geol 488/888: Groundwater Geology, Erin M.K. Haacker

UNL Faculty Course Portfolios

Groundwater Geology is a course that draws undergraduate and graduate students from multiple units, including the College of Arts and Sciences, Institute for Agriculture and Natural Resources, and Civil and Environmental Engineering. The course material focuses on groundwater as a resource, and includes the use of computer programming (Python programming language) to analyze groundwater data. Many students who enroll in the course are new to either geosciences or Python, despite the fact that it is an advanced course. The course has been redesigned recently to include materials suitable for a groundwater engineering course, because it is newly offered with sections …

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Integration Of Environmental Sustainability And Decision Making: Case Studies Of Civil Infrastructure, Sussan Moussavi Jun 2023

Integration Of Environmental Sustainability And Decision Making: Case Studies Of Civil Infrastructure, Sussan Moussavi

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Sustainable development is important in the planning and design of critical civil infrastructure systems. However, decision making related to these systems currently lacks meaningful sustainability considerations. To fill this gap, this research explores the life cycle impacts of wastewater and energy infrastructure using case studies, life cycle assessment methodologies, and stakeholder discussions. Environmental and economic impacts, which are more commonly quantified, as well as more difficult to quantify societal factors, are explored. The goal of this research is to help inform decision making and facilitate the consideration of the three pillars of sustainability (e.g., economic, environmental, and social) during the …

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Out-Of-Plane Flexural Behavior Of Insulatedwall Panels Constructed With Large Insulation Thicknesses, Jacob Luebke, Fray F. Pozo-Lora, Salam Al-Rubaye, Marc Maguire May 2023

Out-Of-Plane Flexural Behavior Of Insulatedwall Panels Constructed With Large Insulation Thicknesses, Jacob Luebke, Fray F. Pozo-Lora, Salam Al-Rubaye, Marc Maguire

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications

Insulated concrete sandwich wall panels (ICSWPs) are gaining popularity as energy regulations become stricter worldwide. ICSWPs are now being constructed with thinner wythes and thicker insulation to keep up with the changing market, which is reducing material costs and increasing thermal and structural efficiency. However, there is a need for adequate experimental testing to validate the current design methods for these new panels. This research aims to provide that validation by comparing the predictions of four different methods with experimental data obtained from six large-scale panels. The study found that while current design methods adequately predict the behavior of thin …

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Record High Room Temperature Resistance Switching In Ferroelectric-Gated Mott Transistors Unlocked By Interfacial Charge Engineering, Yifei Hao, Xuegang Chen, Le Zhang, Myung-Geun Han, Wei Wang, Yue-Wen Fang, Hanghui Chen, Yimei Zhu, Xia Hong May 2023

Record High Room Temperature Resistance Switching In Ferroelectric-Gated Mott Transistors Unlocked By Interfacial Charge Engineering, Yifei Hao, Xuegang Chen, Le Zhang, Myung-Geun Han, Wei Wang, Yue-Wen Fang, Hanghui Chen, Yimei Zhu, Xia Hong

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

The superior size and power scaling potential of ferroelectric-gated Mott transistors makes them promising building blocks for developing energyefficientmemory and logic applications in the post-Moore’s Law era. The close to metallic carrier density in the Mott channel, however, imposes the bottleneck for achieving substantial field effect modulation via a solid-state gate. Previous studies have focused on optimizing the thickness, charge mobility, and carrier density of single-layer correlated channels, which have only led to moderate resistance switching at room temperature. Here, we report a record high nonvolatile resistance switching ratio of 38,440% at 300 K in a prototype Mott transistor consisting …

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Search For Heavy Resonances And Quantum Black Holes In Eμ, Eτ, And Μτ Final States In Proton-Proton Collisions At √S = 13 Tev, A. Tumasyan May 2023

Search For Heavy Resonances And Quantum Black Holes In Eμ, Eτ, And Μτ Final States In Proton-Proton Collisions At √S = 13 Tev, A. Tumasyan

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

A search is reported for heavy resonances and quantum black holes decaying into eμ, eτ, and μτ final states in proton-proton collision data recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC during 2016–2018 at √s = 13TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb−1. The eμ, eτ, and μτ invariant mass spectra are reconstructed, and no evidence is found for physics beyond the standard model. Upper limits are set at 95% confidence level on the product of the cross section and branching fraction for lepton flavor violating signals. Three benchmark signals are studied: resonant τ sneutrino …

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Toxicological Effects Assessment For Wildlife In The 21st Century: Review Of Current Methods And Recommendations For A Path Forward, Thomas G. Bean, Val R. Beasley, Philippe Berny, Karen M. Eisenreich, John E. Elliott, Margaret L. Eng, Phyllis C. Fuchsman, Mark S. Johnson, Mason D. King, Rafael Mateo, Carolyn B. Meyer, Christopher J. Salice, Barnett A. Rattner May 2023

Toxicological Effects Assessment For Wildlife In The 21st Century: Review Of Current Methods And Recommendations For A Path Forward, Thomas G. Bean, Val R. Beasley, Philippe Berny, Karen M. Eisenreich, John E. Elliott, Margaret L. Eng, Phyllis C. Fuchsman, Mark S. Johnson, Mason D. King, Rafael Mateo, Carolyn B. Meyer, Christopher J. Salice, Barnett A. Rattner

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Model species (e.g., granivorous gamebirds, waterfowl, passerines, domesticated rodents) have been used for decades in guideline laboratory tests to generate survival, growth, and reproductive data for prospective ecological risk assessments (ERAs) for birds and mammals, while officially adopted risk assessment schemes for amphibians and reptiles do not exist. There are recognized shortcomings of current in vivo methods as well as uncertainty around the extent to which species with different life histories (e.g., terrestrial amphibians, reptiles, bats) than these commonly used models are protected by existing ERA frameworks. Approaches other than validating additional animal models for testing are being developed, but …

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Can Upscaling Ground Nadir Sif To Eddy Covariance Footprint Improve The Relationship Between Sif And Gpp In Croplands?, Genghong Wu, Kaiyu Guan, Chongya Jiang, Hyungsuk Kimm, Guofang Miao, Xi Yang, Carl J. Bernacchi, Xiangmin Sun, Andrew E. Suyker, Caitlin E. Moore May 2023

Can Upscaling Ground Nadir Sif To Eddy Covariance Footprint Improve The Relationship Between Sif And Gpp In Croplands?, Genghong Wu, Kaiyu Guan, Chongya Jiang, Hyungsuk Kimm, Guofang Miao, Xi Yang, Carl J. Bernacchi, Xiangmin Sun, Andrew E. Suyker, Caitlin E. Moore

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Ground solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) is important for the mechanistic understanding of the dynamics of vegetation gross primary production (GPP) at fine spatiotemporal scales. However, eddy covariance (EC) observations generally cover larger footprint areas than ground SIF observations (a bare fiber with nadir), and this footprint mismatch between nadir SIF and GPP could complicate the canopy SIF-GPP relationships. Here, we upscaled nadir SIF observations to EC footprint and investigated the change in SIF-GPP relationships after the upscaling in cropland. We included 13 site-years data in our study, with seven site-years corn, four siteyears soybeans, and two site-years miscanthus, all located …

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Symmetry Control Of Unconventional Spin–Orbit Torques In Iro2, Michael Patton, Gautam Gurung, Ding-Fu Shao, Gahee Noh, Joseph A. Mittelstaedt, Marcel Mazur, Jong-Woo Kim, Philip J. Ryan, Evgeny Y. Tsymbal, Si-Young Choi, Daniel C. Ralph, Mark S. Rzchowski, Tianxiang Nan, Chang-Beom Eom May 2023

Symmetry Control Of Unconventional Spin–Orbit Torques In Iro2, Michael Patton, Gautam Gurung, Ding-Fu Shao, Gahee Noh, Joseph A. Mittelstaedt, Marcel Mazur, Jong-Woo Kim, Philip J. Ryan, Evgeny Y. Tsymbal, Si-Young Choi, Daniel C. Ralph, Mark S. Rzchowski, Tianxiang Nan, Chang-Beom Eom

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

Spin–orbit torques generated by a spin current are key to magnetic switching in spintronic applications. The polarization of the spin current dictates the direction of switching required for energy-efficient devices. Conventionally, the polarizations of these spin currents are restricted to be along a certain direction due to the symmetry of the material allowing only for efficient in-plane magnetic switching. Unconventional spin–orbit torques arising from novel spin current polarizations, however, have the potential to switch other magnetization orientations such as perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, which is desired for higher density spintronic-based memory devices. Here, it is demonstrated that low crystalline symmetry is …

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Global Projections Of Flash Drought Show Increased Risk In A Warming Climate, Jordan I. Christian, Elinor R. Martin, Jeffrey B. Basara, Jason C. Furtado, Jason A. Otkin, Lauren E. L. Lowman, Eric D. Hunt, Vimal Mishra, Xiangming Xiao May 2023

Global Projections Of Flash Drought Show Increased Risk In A Warming Climate, Jordan I. Christian, Elinor R. Martin, Jeffrey B. Basara, Jason C. Furtado, Jason A. Otkin, Lauren E. L. Lowman, Eric D. Hunt, Vimal Mishra, Xiangming Xiao

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Flash drought, characterized by unusually rapid drying, can have substantial impact on many socioeconomic sectors, particularly agriculture. However, potential changes to flash drought risk in a warming climate remain unknown. In this study, projected changes in flash drought frequency and cropland risk from flash drought are quantified using global climate model simulations. We find that flash drought occurrence is expected to increase globally among all scenarios, with the sharpest increases seen in scenarios with higher radiative forcing and greater fossil fuel usage. Flash drought risk over cropland is expected to increase globally, with the largest increases projected across North America …

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Corrigendum To “Testing Pyroxenite Versus Peridotite Sources For Marine Basalts Using U-Series Isotopes” [Lithos 332–333 (2019) 226–244], Lynne J. Elkins, Bernard Bourdon, Sarah Lambart May 2023

Corrigendum To “Testing Pyroxenite Versus Peridotite Sources For Marine Basalts Using U-Series Isotopes” [Lithos 332–333 (2019) 226–244], Lynne J. Elkins, Bernard Bourdon, Sarah Lambart

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

The authors regret that a small error in the dynamic melting Matlab script used for this paper produced erroneous results for some of the included modeling outcomes. We have written an updated modeling program in python, which can be accessed in the ENKI and pyUserCalc public data repository (https://gitlab.com/ENKI-portal/pyUsercalc/). Although the corrected results shown in revised versions of Figs. S3, S4, S8, S9, and S10 now appear quite different from the original publication, however, we find that when restricted to plausible scenarios of interest, our conclusions overall have not significantly changed. Some details of our results and discussion require corrections, …

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Streambank Erosion Phenomena And Understanding: Current Research And Future Directions, Celso Castro-Bolinaga, Aaron R. Mittelstet, Kyle Mankin May 2023

Streambank Erosion Phenomena And Understanding: Current Research And Future Directions, Celso Castro-Bolinaga, Aaron R. Mittelstet, Kyle Mankin

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Streams are in dynamic equilibrium with their environments, and as that environment is altered by human development and changing climate, streambank erosion is a common, but little understood, result. This article highlights the contributions of the special collection “Streambank Erosion, Sediment Dynamics, and Restoration (SER),” which assembled six studies that represent key advances in streambank erosion research, highlight current research in the field, and identify directions for future research. The studies in this special collection were grouped into three central themes: (1) streambank erosion monitoring, (2) streambank erodibility characterization, and (3) streambank erosion loading. In this article, key findings within …

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Exploring The Intersection Of Biology And Design For Product Innovations, Ajay P. Malshe, Salil Bapat, Kamlakar Rajurkar, Ang Ang, Jean-Marc Linares May 2023

Exploring The Intersection Of Biology And Design For Product Innovations, Ajay P. Malshe, Salil Bapat, Kamlakar Rajurkar, Ang Ang, Jean-Marc Linares

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Design, development, productization, and applications of advanced product concepts are pressing for higher multifunctionality, resilience, and maximization of available resources equitably to meet the growing and continuing demands of global customers. These demands have further accelerated during the recent COVID- 19 pandemic and are continuing to be a challenge. Engineering designs are one of the most effective ways to endow products with functions, resilience, and sustainability. Biology, through millions of years of evolution, has met these acute requirements under severe resource and environmental constraints. As the manufacturing of products is reaching the fundamental limits of raw materials, labor, and resource …

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Ultrafast Electron Diffraction Instrument For Gas And Condensed Matter Samples, Yibo Wang, Sajib Kumar Saha, Tianlin Li, Yanwei Xiong, Kyle Wilkin, Anil Adhikari, Michael Loes, Jehad Abourahma, Xia Hong, S. Adenwalla, Alexander Sinitskii, Martin Centurion May 2023

Ultrafast Electron Diffraction Instrument For Gas And Condensed Matter Samples, Yibo Wang, Sajib Kumar Saha, Tianlin Li, Yanwei Xiong, Kyle Wilkin, Anil Adhikari, Michael Loes, Jehad Abourahma, Xia Hong, S. Adenwalla, Alexander Sinitskii, Martin Centurion

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

We report the modification of a gas phase ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) instrument that enables experiments with both gas and condensed matter targets, where a time-resolved experiment with sub-picosecond resolution is demonstrated with solid state samples. The instrument relies on a hybrid DC-RF acceleration structure to deliver femtosecond electron pulses on the target, which is synchronized with femtosecond laser pulses. The laser pulses and electron pulses are used to excite the sample and to probe the structural dynamics, respectively. The new system is added with capabilities to perform transmission UED on thin solid samples. It allows for cooling samples to …

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Néel Spin Currents In Antiferromagnets, Ding-Fu Shao, Yuan-Yuan Jiang, Jun Ding, Shu-Hui Zhang, Zi-An Wang, Rui-Chun Xiao, Gautam Gurung, W. J. Lu, Y. P. Sun, Evgeny Y. Tsymbal May 2023

Néel Spin Currents In Antiferromagnets, Ding-Fu Shao, Yuan-Yuan Jiang, Jun Ding, Shu-Hui Zhang, Zi-An Wang, Rui-Chun Xiao, Gautam Gurung, W. J. Lu, Y. P. Sun, Evgeny Y. Tsymbal

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

Ferromagnets are known to support spin-polarized currents that control various spin-dependent transport phenomena useful for spintronics. On the contrary, fully compensated antiferromagnets are expected to support only globally spin-neutral currents. Here, we demonstrate that these globally spin-neutral currents can represent the Néel spin currents, i.e., staggered spin currents flowing through different magnetic sublattices. The Néel spin currents emerge in antiferromagnets with strong intrasublattice coupling (hopping) and drive the spin-dependent transport phenomena such as tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) and spin-transfer torque (STT) in antiferromagnetic tunnel junctions (AFMTJs). Using RuO2 and Fe4GeTe2 as representative antiferromagnets, we predict that the …

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Preservice Elementary Teachers Conceptions And Self-Efficacy For Integrated Stem, Deepika Menon, Deef A. A. Shorman, Derek Cox, Amanda Thomas May 2023

Preservice Elementary Teachers Conceptions And Self-Efficacy For Integrated Stem, Deepika Menon, Deef A. A. Shorman, Derek Cox, Amanda Thomas

Department of Teaching, Learning, and Teacher Education: Faculty Publications

Educational reform efforts have emphasized preparing highly competent and confident preservice teachers to deliver effective K-12 Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) instruction. Self-efficacy is a key variable that influences motivation and performance, and therefore it is necessary to support the development of preservice teachers’ integrated STEM teaching self-efficacy. This mixed-methods study investigates how preservice elementary teachers’ integrated STEM teaching self-efficacy is shaped during their participation in a newly redesigned STEM semester consisting of three concurrent methods courses (science and engineering, mathematics, and technology methods courses). The quantitative data sources included the Self-efficacy for Teaching Integrated STEM instrument administered as …

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Feral Swine As Indirect Indicators Of Environmental Anthrax Contamination And Potential Mechanical Vectors Of Infectious Spores, Rachel M. Maison, Maggie R. Priore, Vienna R. Brown, Michael Bodenchuk, Bradley R. Borlee, Richard Bowen, Angela M. Bosco-Lauth May 2023

Feral Swine As Indirect Indicators Of Environmental Anthrax Contamination And Potential Mechanical Vectors Of Infectious Spores, Rachel M. Maison, Maggie R. Priore, Vienna R. Brown, Michael Bodenchuk, Bradley R. Borlee, Richard Bowen, Angela M. Bosco-Lauth

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

U.S. government work

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A Novel Graph Neural Network-Based Framework For Automatic Modulation Classification In Mobile Environments, Pejman Ghasemzadeh May 2023

A Novel Graph Neural Network-Based Framework For Automatic Modulation Classification In Mobile Environments, Pejman Ghasemzadeh

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Automatic modulation classification (AMC) refers to a signal processing procedure through which the modulation type and order of an observed signal are identified without any prior information about the communications setup. AMC has been recognized as one of the essential measures in various communications research fields such as intelligent modem design, spectrum sensing and management, and threat detection. The research literature in AMC is limited to accounting only for the noise that affects the received signal, which makes their models applicable for stationary environments. However, a more practical and real-world application of AMC can be found in mobile environments where …

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Rehybridization Dynamics Into The Pericyclic Minimum Of An Electrocyclic Reaction Imaged In Real-Time, Y. Liu, D. M. Sanchez, M. R. Ware, E. G. Champenois, J. Yang, J. P. F. Nunes, A. Attar, Martin Centurion, J. P. Cryan, R. Forbes, K. Hegazy, M. C. Hoffmann, F. Ji, M.-F. Lin, D. Luo, S. K. Saha, X. Shen, X. J. Wang, T. J. Martínez, T. J. A. Wolf May 2023

Rehybridization Dynamics Into The Pericyclic Minimum Of An Electrocyclic Reaction Imaged In Real-Time, Y. Liu, D. M. Sanchez, M. R. Ware, E. G. Champenois, J. Yang, J. P. F. Nunes, A. Attar, Martin Centurion, J. P. Cryan, R. Forbes, K. Hegazy, M. C. Hoffmann, F. Ji, M.-F. Lin, D. Luo, S. K. Saha, X. Shen, X. J. Wang, T. J. Martínez, T. J. A. Wolf

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

Electrocyclic reactions are characterized by the concerted formation and cleavage of both σ and π bonds through a cyclic structure. This structure is known as a pericyclic transition state for thermal reactions and a pericyclic minimum in the excited state for photochemical reactions. However, the structure of the pericyclic geometry has yet to be observed experimentally.We use a combination of ultrafast electron diffraction and excited state wavepacket simulations to image structural dynamics through the pericyclic minimum of a photochemical electrocyclic ring-opening reaction in the molecule α-terpinene. The structural motion into the pericyclic minimum is dominated by rehybridization of two carbon …

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