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Review Of Phylogenetics: The Theory And Practice Of Phylogenetic Systematics, By E. O. Wiley (Wiley-Interscience, 1981; 439 P.), Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A book review by Daniel R. Brooks of Phylogenetics: The Theory and Practice of Phylogenetic Systematics, by E. O. Wiley (Wiley-Interscience, 1981; 439 p.).

Leeches (Annelida: Hirudinea) Of North America, Donald J. Klemm

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

The previous manual, "Freshwater Leeches (Annelida: Hirudinea) of North America," Identification Manual No. 8, Biota of Freshwater Ecosystems, published in 1972, was prepared under contract with the Oceanography and Limnology Program, Smithsonian Institution, with funds provided by the United States Environmental Protection Agency.

In the ten years that have elapsed since publication of the above manual, additional work has been done in North America on the ecology and systematics of the leeches. This publication serves to correct several errors found in the above manual, to make several desirable taxonomic changes, to add new sections and various relevant information to the …

Helminths Of Bushy-Tailed Wood Rats, Neotoma Cinerea Subspp. From Colorado, Idaho, And Wyoming, Gene E. Miller, Gerald D. Schmidt

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Forty-four Neotoma cinerea rupicola, one N. c. orolestes, and three N. cinerea subspp. were examined for endoparasites. Aspiculuris ackerti Kruidenier and Mehra, 1959, is redescribed and a key to the species of the genus Aspiculuris Schultz, 1924, is provided. Nematodirus neotoma Hall, 1916, is redecscribed and N. tortuosus Tucker, 1942, is placed in synonymy with it. Cysticercoids of Paruterina vandelabraria (Goeze, 1782) Fuhrmann, 1906, and immature Monoecocestus sp. constitute new host records.

4-H 192 Leader Guide 4-H Veterinary Science Units I, Ii, And Iii, Duane Rice

Nebraska 4-H Clubs: Historical Materials and Publications

Extension Circular 4-H 192: Leader Guide/ Veterinary Science Units I,II,& III. This circular is a guide for science leader to develop and maintain their skills to benefit others.

Production Of Shigella Dysenteriae Type 1-Like Cytotoxin By Escherichia Coli, Alison D. O'Brien, Gerald D. Laveck, Michael R. Thompson, Samuel B. Formal

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Strains of Escherichia coli previously implicated or proven to be causes of diarrhea were examined for production of a toxin similar to that of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 (Shiga). Organisms grown in an iron-depleted broth were lysed by pressure disruption followed by ultracentrifugation. Saline-dialyzed extracts were tested for cytotoxic effects on HeLa cells that were neutralizable with antiserum to Shiga toxin. Among the 13 E. coli strains so analyzed, 11 made a Shiga-like cytotoxin in levels ranging from trace (two avirulent isolates) to amounts equivalent to S. dysenteriae type 1 (two noninvasive strains that did not make E. coli heat-labile …

4-H 48 Unit Ii Animal Disease 4-H Veterinary Science, Duane Rice

Nebraska 4-H Clubs: Historical Materials and Publications

Nebraska Cooperative Extension Service 4-H 48: Animal Disease 4-H Veterinary Science; introduction, introduction to disease, bacteria and disease, viruses and viral disease, external parasites, internal parasites, nutrition and disease, stress and disease, and heredity and disease.

G620 Pinkeye, Don Hudson, Duane N. Rice

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The signs and causes of pinkeye, a painful eye disease that is common in cattle, are covered, as well as control and treatment procedures.

The Multi-Individual Cremation Phenomenon Of The Santa Cruz Drainage, Karl J. Reinhard, T Michael Fink

Karl Reinhard Publications

Multi-individual cremation deposits found in the upper Santa Cruz River drainage were previously interpreted as the result of hypothesized cultural contact in the area. A review of 50 cremation deposits for which detailed analyses are available indicates that mulii-individual cremation deposits are the result of incomplete gleaning practices and have doubtful cultural significance. Hypotheses are generated from the present data which account for the apparent variation in cremation practices within the study area.

Pinworms And Primates: A Case Study In Coevolution, Daniel R. Brooks, David R. Glen

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Cladistic analysis of 13 species of Enterobius based on 31 morphological characters supports the notion that pinworms and primates have co-speciated. A possible exception is the relationship between Enterobius vermicularis and Homo. Enterobius vermicularis is postulated to be the sister-species of E. buckleyi + E. lerouxi + E. anthropopitheci. Thus, if co-speciation has occurred, Homo is the sister-group of Pongo + Gorilla + Pan. Examination of the possibility that E. vermicularis in Homo is the result of host-switching or that Homo has been misclassified demonstrates that the latter possibility is the more parsimonious one.

A Simulations Approach To Discerning Possible Sister-Groups Of Dioecotaenia Schmidt, 1969 (Cestoda: Tetraphyllidea: Dioecotaeniidae), Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Apparent common architectural constraints in the structure of the bothridia of both species of Dioecotaenia permit testing of a number of models for the evolution of the scolex of Dioecotaenia from that found in other tetraphyllidean cestodes. Although presently known species of Dioecotaenia exhibit bothridialloculi in the shape of hexagons, derivation of those bothridia from an ancestor possessing a single central hexagonal bothridium with marginal loculi would not produce total bothridialloculi numbers consistent with those known. A more feasible derivation involves an ancestral form exhibiting three linear loculi. If the loculi are arranged vertically, as in species of Rhinebothrium, …

Hysterothylacium Pelagicum Sp. N. And H. Cornutum (Stossich, 1904) (Nematoda: Anisakidae) From Marine Fishes, Thomas L. Deardorff, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Hysterothylacium pelagicum sp. n. from the digestive tract of the dolphin, Coryphaena hippurus, is described from the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. It is most similar to H. cornutum, but differs from it by lacking ventral crests on the males and having the vulva located within the anterior 30-40% rather than 18-25% of the female body. Specimens of H. cornutum are reported from Thunnus albacares, a previously unrecorded host, off Hawaii.

Food Content Of Six Commercial Fishes From Mississippi Sound, Robin M. Overstreet, Richard W. Heard

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Specific dietary contents from six fishes collected in Mississippi Sound are recorded. In order of their importance, primary components grouped in major taxonomic categories were fishes, penaeid shrimps, and other crustaceans for Cynoscion nebulosus; Crustaceans and fishes for C. arenarius; fishes and crustaceans for C. nothus; crustaceans, pelecypods, and polychaetes for Pogonias cromis; crustaceans, molluscs, polychaetes, and fishes for Archosargus probatocephalus; and fishes and penaeid shrimps for Paralichthys lethostigma. Principal items in the diets of most of the fishes included Anchoa mitchilli, Penaeus aztecus, P. setiferus, and Callinectes sapidus. Those crustaceans show …

Namru-3 Translations Of Parasite Literature From Russian, French, Japanese, Etc. Into English (1931-1982) T1501-T1600, United States Naval Medical Research Unit Number Three, Cairo, Medical Zoology Department

United States Naval Medical Research Unit 3: Publications

T1501. TRANSLATION FROM RUSSIAN. LEONOV, Yu. A. and KHARITONOVA, N. N. (1972). Experimental confirmation of the role of root voles in epizootiology of Omsk hemorrhagic fever. In: Transcontinental associations of migratory birds and their role in distribution of arboviruses, edited by Cherepanov, A. I. Mater. 5. Simp. Izuch. Roli Pereletn. Ptits Rasp. Arbovirus. (Novosibirsk, July 1969), pp. 355-358.

T1503. TRANSLATION FROM RUSSIAN. GASANOV, A. A. (1963). The infection of Rhipicephalus bursa (Can. et Fanz., 1877) with Babesia ovis in the Nakhichevan Region of the ASSR. Izv. Akad. Nauk Azerb. SSR, s. Biol. Med. Nauk, (4):117-123.

T1504. TRANSLATION FROM RUSSIAN. TSAPRUN, …

Electrophoretic And Immunological Studies On The Relationship Of The Brachyphyllinae And The Glossophaginae, Robert J. Baker, Rodney L. Honeycutt, Michael L. Arnold, Vincent M. Sarich, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Electrophoretic and albumin immunological data indicate that the Brachyphyllinae as currently conceived is a natural assemblage, with Erophylla sezekorni and Phyllonycteris aphylla being more closely related to each other than either is to Brachyphylla cavernarum. In both data sets, values that distinguish Erophylla from Phyllonycteris are in the general range of values that characterize congeneric species of mammals. Immunological distance values for the species Glossophaga soricina, Monophyllus redmani, Anoura caudifer, Leptonycteris sanborni, Choeroniscus minor, and Hylonycteris underuoodi indicate that these taxa are approximately equidistant from the Brachyphyllinae. Immunological comparisons of Glossophaga and Monophyllus to Anoura, Leptonycteris, Choeroniscus, …

Urban Vertebrate Pest Management: A Practical Approach, Patricia A. Chamberlain, Milton Caroline, William A. Wright

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Urban vertebrate pest management is influenced by a variety of factors. Public perceptions of wildlife limit control specialists in their methods of operation. Population density, costs of operation and timing of control are considered. Suggestions are made for operational mode, methods, baits, traps and disposal. Two new trapping concepts are described and experimental data on attractants are given. Computer-summarized data on urban wild life conflicts from one state (Texas) show that most complaints can be handled by extension methods supplemented with direct control by the public and wild life damage control specialists.

The Probe, Issue 16 - September 1981

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

THE PROBE National Animal Damage Control Association No. 15 September, 1981
Kelly Keene was killed by a coyote as she left her house in Glendale (Calif.) on her way to preschool classes.
"SHEEP PERFUME" IS CHIC FOR COYOTES
According to the by-laws, NADCA has to hold its' first election.
We appreciate Bill Jackson (Director, Center of Environmental Studies, Bowling Green State University, Ohio) checking further on our note in PROBE No. 15 about the rabid mouse in Nebraska.
CAGE TRAP
The price tag on the 101 mile Washington, D.C. transit system is now estimated at $10 billion and going up …

Key To Trematodes Reported In Waterfowl, Malcolm Edwin Mcdonald

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

This key is the second in a series for identification of the helminths reported in waterfowl (Family Anatidae, Order Anseriformes). The first was a key to nematodes (McDonald 1974).

The trematodes show the greatest variety of forms among the helminth parasites of waterfowl, including over half of all species reported; sometimes this group also includes the greatest part of the worms in a single bird. Over 500 species of trematodes have been reported in waterfowl. Almost all of these have been included in the present set of keys; it was not possible, however, to obtain the descriptions of a few …

Inhibition Of In Vitro Macrophage Digestion Capacity By Infection With Leishmania Donovani (Protozoa: Kinetoplastida), Gerald F. Kutish, John J. Janovy Jr.

John J. Janovy, Jr. Publications

Promastigotes of Leishmania donovani transformed into amastigotes and survived in cultured macrophages. Promastigotes of Leptomonas costoris, a kinetoplastid parasite of water striders, transformed into amastigotes but did not survive in cultured macrophages. A significant difference in size between the two species of parasitic protozoa allowed development of a bioassay in which the in vitro digestion rate of L. costoris was taken as a measure of macrophage digestive capacity following preinfection with L. donovani. In a 12- to 24-hr period, macrophage cultures infected with the 2S strain of L. donovani retained 50% more L. costoris than did control macrophages …

Terranova Ceticola N. Sp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) From The Dwarf Sperm Whale, Kogia Simus (Owen), In The Gulf Of Mexico, Thomas L. Deardorff, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Terranova ceticola n. sp. is described from specimens in the stomachs of an individual dwarf sperm whale, Kogia simus, which stranded on the beach at Biloxi, Mississippi. It is characterized by possessing a single pair of medial preanal papillae, 38 to 40 pairs of lateral preanal papillae, five pairs of postanal papillae. and spicules 1 to 2% of the body length and by lacking cuticular plates at the posterior anal lip of males.

The Coccidia Of Quail In The United States, Donald W. Duszynski, Ralph J. Guttiérrez

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Intestinal contents from 12 scaled quail (Callipepla squamata), 10 bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus), 20 harlequin quail (Cyrtonyx montezumae), 35 California quail (Lophortyx californicus), 15 Gambel's quail (Lophortyx gambelii), and 29 mountain quail (Oreortyx pictus) were examined for coccidian oocysts. Only 18 (14.9%) of 121 birds had coccidian oocysts in their feces at the time of collection; these included 9 L. californicus and 9 O. pictus. Four eimerians and an isosporan were found in the 18 infected birds. Eimeria lophortygis and E. okanaganensis had been previously described from …

A New Species Of Echinocephalus (Nematoda: Gnathostomidae) From Neotropical Stingrays With Comments On E. Diazi, Thomas L. Deardorff, Daniel R. Brooks, Thomas B. Thorson

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Echinocephalus daileyi sp. n. is described from the freshwater stingrays Potamotrygon circularis and P. hystrix in South America. It is most similar to E. diazi by virtue of possessing a gubernaculum and six postanal papillae, but may be distinguished from E. diazi and other members of the genus by possessing 30 to 34 rows of spines on the cephalic bulb, three preanal papillae, and a body 55 to 85 mm long. Specimens of E. diazi were collected from Himantura schmardae, the type host, from Cienaga Grande, Colombia, a new locality record. Based on numerical phylogenetic analysis, E. daileyi is …

Raphidascaris Camura Sp. N., Hysterothylacium Eurycheilum (Olsen) Comb. N. And Comments On Heterotyphlum Spaul (Nematoda: Ascaroidea) In Marine Fishes, Thomas L. Deardorff, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Raphidascaris camura sp. n. infected the stomach and intestine of Pomatomus saltatrix (type host), from the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is characterized by having the following combination of features: 31 to 40 pairs of preanal papillae, 10 pairs of postanal papillae with the third papilla from the posterior extremity doubled, nearly equal spicules 1.8 to 2.7% of the body length, and lateral alae abruptly curved near their anterior extremity. Additional species of Raphidascaris were examined and are discussed. Hysterothylacium eurycheilum (Olsen, 1952) comb. n. (=Heterotyphlum e.) from Epinephelus itajara in Florida and the Lesser Antilles, previously known …

Hemmorrhagic Lesions In Stomach Of Rhesus Monkey Caused By Piscine Ascaridoid Nematode, Robin M. Overstreet, George W. Meyer

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Within a few hours after being administered to the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta), Hysterothylacium type MB larvae penetrated the stomach wall, causing hemorrhage and attracting eosinophils. Inocula of up to 300 larvae, however, did not cause peripheral hypereosinophilia. This species is the first ascaridoid which normally matures in fish that has been shown to penetrate the alimentary tract of a primate. Consequently, human consumption of raw seafood from at least the northern Gulf of Mexico free from infections with Anisakis spp., Phocanema decipiens, or other species that mature in mammals or birds does not necessarily assure freedom …

Antiphosphocholine Antibodies Found In Normal Mouse Serum Are Protective Against Intravenous Infection With Type 3 Streptococcus Pneumoniae, David E. Briles, Moon Nahm, Kenneth Schroer, Joseph Davie, Phillip Baker, John Kearney, Raul G. Barletta

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Although it has been clearly demonstrated that antibodies to pneumococcal capsules are protective in both mice and men (1, 2), the protective properties of antibodies to other pneumococcal constituents have been less well investigated. In the present report we describe results indicating that naturally occurring antibodies binding with the phosphocholine (PC) determinant of the pneumococcal cell wall C-carbohydrate (3) are important in the protection of mice from experimental pneumococcal infections.

Trematode-Gastropod Associations In Nine Non-Lacustrine Habitats In The Mwanza Region Of Tanzania, Sam Loker, H. G. Moyo, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Between August 1978 and July 1979, freshwater gastropods were collected at monthly intervals from 9 different non-lacustrine habitats in the Mwanza region of Tanzania. Of a total of 11 708 gastropods representing 14 species, 1748 (14.9 %) were infected with trematode sporocysts and/or rediae. Altogether 38 morphologically distinguishable ‘species’ of cercariae were recovered (13 furcocercous, 10 xiphidiocercaria, 6 echinostome, 4 cystophorous, 3 gymnocephalous and 2 amphistome species), 22 of which did not conform to previously described African species. The majority (63.8%) of all mature infections were xiphidiocercariae. Biomphalaria pfeifferi, B. sudanica and Ceratophallus natalensis each yielded 11 species of …

G81-574 Reproductive Diseases In Cattle, Duane Rice

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The reproductive diseases mentioned in this NebGuide comprise some of the more common problems confronting the cattle industry today.

Although many advances have been made in controlling reproductive diseases in cattle, serious losses are still common. These losses can be reduced by recognizing the diseases and following the proper management recommendations that are available today. Nearly 50 percent of reproductive failure in cattle is due to infectious diseases, and there are vaccines available that can prevent some of these. Management recommendations may include: 1) vaccines, 2) general sanitation, 3) artificial insemination (AI) or, if a problem is already present, 4) …

Proceedings Of The 8th Annual Meeting, Southern Soybean Disease Workers (March 11-12, 1981, Memphis, Tennessee): Soybeans, The Crop Of The Future

Southern Soybean Disease Workers: Conference Proceedings

General Session

Presidential Address - Glen Whitney

The Influence of Plant Diseases on American Agriculture - Wiley Garrett

Integrated Pest Management: A National Prospective - B. Blair

Development in Brazil, the Future World Supplier of Food: Industry Overview - Ray Smith

Soybean Disease Loss Estimate - R. V. Sturgeon

Soybeans, Seed, Seedling, and Soil-Borne Disease, James Kantzes presiding

Standardized Seed Treatment Research Report - M. C. McDaniel

Soybean Seedling Disease Control and Plant Populations - Norman Horn

Metalaxyl: A New Seed Dressing and Soil Treatment Fungicide - H. V. Morton and D. Houseworth

Soybean Seed Treatment: U. S. Status …

Pseudogymnophallus Alcae Gen. N. Et Sp. N. (Trematoda: Gymnophallidae) From Alcids (Charadriiformes) In Subarctic Seas, Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Pseudogymnophallus alcae gen. n. et sp. n. is described for trematodes from alcids (Charadriiformes: Alcidae) from the North Pacific region (Gulf of Alaska, Bering Sea, and Chukchi Sea): horned puffin, Fratercula corniculuta; tufted puffin, Lunda cirrhuta; parakeet auklet, Cvclorrhvnchus psittacula, and least auklet, Aethia pusilla; and from the western North Atlantic Ocean, (Gulf of St. Lawrence): razorbill, Alca torda. Pseudogymnophallus is distinguished from other genera of Gymnophallidae by the intertesticular position of the ovary; a cylindrical, undivided seminal vesicle; and by an intestinal diverticulum dorsal to the arch of each cecum.

Parasites And Diseases Of Mullets (Mugilidae), I. Paperna, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The following treatment of parasites, diseases and conditions affecting mullet hopefully serves several functions. It acquaints someone involved in rearing mullets with problems he can face and topics he should investigate. We cannot go into extensive illustrative detail on every species or group, but do provide a listing of most parasites reported or known from mullet and some pertinent general information on them. Because of these enumerations, the paper should also act as a review for anyone interested in mullet parasites or the use of such parasites as indicators about a mullet's diet and migratory behavior. Unfortunately, limited space prohibits …

Differentiation Of Late Fourth And Early Fifth Stages Of Ascaris Suum Goeze, 1782 (Nematoda: Ascaridoidea) In Swine, P. A. Pilitt, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, F. G. Tromba, P. A. Madden

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The morphology of late fourth and early fifth stages of Ascaris suum in swine was studied with light and scanning electron microscopy. Late fourth-stage larvae have dome-shaped lips, that are broadest at the base and incompletely separated laterally. The lips bear coarse, triangular dentides, irregularly spaced on the internomedial and internolateral walls. Large double papillae are located on the middle of the external lip surface. The cervical region gradually increases in width posteriorly. The late fourth-stage cuticle is marked by a coarse transverse striation and bears incomplete longitudinal ridges, creating a brickwork pattern; longitudinal alae are present. Late fourth and …