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Table Of Contents

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Table of contents

Impact Of Plains Pocket Gophers On Forage Production, Ronald M. Case, James L. Stubbendieck, Dale G. Luce

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The presence of pocket gophers on rangeland and farmland is highly visible due to the earth mounds which they build. The nuisance impact of their mounds and acknowledged long-term beneficial effects on soil (Laycock and Richardson 1975) result in a value which is debatable. The impact of various species of Thomomys on herbage production of rangelands has been widely reported (Fitch and Bentley 1949; Richens 1965; Turner 1969; Laycock and Richardson 1975; Alsager 1977). However, besides our studies in Nebraska, we could find no literature concerning the effect of Geomys on forage production and no literature concerning the effect of …

Ground Squirrels In The Great Plains, Bennett A. Brown

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

There are 22 recognized species of ground squirrels in North America (Jones et al. 1975). All belong to the genera Spermophilus or Ammospermophilus. Some species contain as many as 14 subspecies, or races. In many cases, these subspecies are distinguished not only by morphological or distributional characters, but by behavioral differences and varying ecological strategies, as well. These latter frequently impact on the efficacy of various control methods.

Setting Up An Effective Urban Blackbird Roost Control Program, Sally S. Erdman

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The City of Denton is situated 35 miles north of north-central Texas. This area is within one of the major N-S corridors for migratory birds. It is also far enough south so that winters are generally mild and open. The average rainfall of 30 inches sustains good stands of pecan and several species of oak, which serve as excellent roost sites for blackbirds. For the past several years, summering flocks of blackbirds have chosen Denton as a roosting site. Interviews with oldtimers here indicate that flocks of birds have always been around. It is only in recent years that their …

The Attractiveness Of Shredded Garbage To Gulls And Other Avian Species Potentially Hazardous To Aircraft, Dennis M. Forsythe

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The bird-aircraft strike hazard is a world-wide problem resulting in human fatalities and aircraft damage. Although the exact cost of bird damage is difficult to obtain, United States Air Force losses are estimated at over $10 million per year (Harrison 1976). Collisions between birds and aircrafts occur either enroute or when planes are landing or taking off at airports. Most of these collisions are due to large flocks of birds attracted to the vicinity by food, shelter, or water (Solman 1971). Solid waste disposal sites are an abundant food source for many hazardous bird species, especially gulls and blackbirds; and …

Public Health Problems: Tge, P. M. Gough, J. W. Beyer, R. D. Jorgenson

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) is one of the five major diseases of concern to pork producers. The virus that causes the disease has an affinity for absorptive epithelial cells of the villi of the small intestine, primarily the jejunum. Infected cells are sloughed off, and the loss of absorptive activity results in salt imbalance, hyperkalemia, and dehydration in the pig. Death occurs in 60 to 100% of the diseased infant pigs. Two forms of TGE exist in the United States: an enzootic form that has only recently been recognized as a serious problem, and an epidemic form that was first identified …

Blackbird And Starling Roosting Dynamics: Mplications For Animal Damage Control, Theodore A. Bookhouts, Stephen B. White

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Each winter an estimated 350 million starlings, red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus), common grackles (Quiscalus quiscula), and brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater) congregate in roosts in the southeastern United States (Meanley 1971, Meanley and Royall 1976). These birds have been of increasing concern because of agricultural damage claims (Stickley et al. 1976, Dolbeer et al. 1978), reputed health hazards (Monroe and Cronholm 1977), and other nuisance problems associated with them. Historical population trends (Dolbeer and Stehn 1979) and the source of winter-roosting blackbirds (Meanley 1971, Meanley and Dolbeer 1978, and Dolbeer 1978) have been summarized, but little information on the number of …

Seasonal, Habitat And Sex-Specific Patterns Of Food Utilization By Red-Winged Blackbirds (Agelaius Phoeniceous) In Eastern Ontario And Their Economic Importance, Donald K. Mcnichol, Raleigh J. Robertson, Patrick J. Weatherhead

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Crop depredation by red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) causes serious economic losses to agricultural crops each year in both Canada and the United States. The concentration of vulnerable, monocultural crops, particularly corn, during periods when large flocks of blackbirds congregate in roosting areas prior to migration has invariably led to heavy feeding pressure (Stone et al., 1972; Wiens and Dyer, 1975; Tyler et al., 1978). Efforts to reduce damage levels by mechanical and chemical dispersal agents have been largely unsuccessful, at least in terms of a long-term solution to the problem. Recently, the lethal control of blackbird populations using surfactants has …

On The Feasibility Of Surfactants As A Blackbird Management Tool In Quebec, Patrick J. Weatherhead, J. R. Bider, Robert G. Clark

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The use of surfactants to reduce winter roosting blackbirds (Icteridae) and starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) in the southeastern United States attracted considerable attention several years ago. At that time concern was expressed that more research was required to ensure that the economic losses and health hazards attributed to the birds were real and that population reduction at winter roosts was a viable solution (Jackson 1976; Robertson et al. 1978). Subsequent research has shown that these concerns were justified. In a study of the winter roost at Milan, Tennessee, Dolbeer et al. (1978) found that the only serious agricultural problems were associated …

List Of Participants: Eighth Bird Control Seminar 1979

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Participants and attendees of the Eighth Bird Control Seminar, October 30--November 1, 1979

Water Current, Volume 11, No. 6, November/December 1979

Water Current Newsletter

Search Committee for NWRC Director
Research Priorities
Water Resources Seminar Series
Summary Report on Water-Facts Computer Game
Speakers at AWRA Conference
MRBC Approves FY 1982 Priorities
Progress Report on Implementation of Water Policy Initiatives
OWRT Announces Final Distribution of FY 79 and FY 80 Matching Grant Awards
Amending Water Legislation Introduced
Interagency Task Force Lists National Priorities
208 Planning Phased Out
Research Review: Development of a Manual on Alternative Irrigation Management Practices and Their Efforts on the Environment in the Great Plains

Arbovirus Surveillance In Ohio -- 1979 Update, Richard L. Berry, Margaret A. Parsons

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The Ohio Department of Health (ODH) has maintained an arbovirus surveillance pro- gram since 1964, when the Vector-borne Disease Unit was formed to survey and study California encephalitis epidemiology in Ohio. Since 1975, a major part of the surveillance program has been devoted to St. Louis encephalitis. Both of these diseases have viruses as the causative agent of illness. Both have specific mosquito vectors, and both are classified as zoonotic diseases in that they are primarily diseases of wild vertebrates, transmissible to man -- in this case, only by the bite of an infected mosquito. The vertebrate reservoirs of California …

Pigeon Associated People Diseases, Walter Weber

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Feral pigeons (Columbia livia) are not harmless birds. Many potential infections of humans silently exist in pigeons which are not apparent. They have the potential for transmission of over 30 diseases to humans plus another ten to domestic animals. Environmental pollution from pigeon droppings is quite evident. Air pollution involves more than noxious gases from automobile exhausts and belching smokestacks. One serious air pollutant is air-borne fungi, which are agents for infectious diseases. There is much information written about the problem, but it remains primarily in the professional journals and technical references, neatly stacked away on library shelves. …

New Developments In Bird Resistant Sorghums, Roger W. Bullard

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

In recent years there has been a major shift of emphasis from lethal to nonlethal methods of controlling bird damage to agricultural crops. In addition to being unpopular, killing large number of birds has generally been ineffective because of rapid recovery of populations. Consequently, most of the methods that are now being investigated emphasize crop protection. Since sorghums are especially vulnerable to bird damage, considerable effort has been expended in the past 20 years to develop varieties that have morphological or chemical characteristics which are resistant to bird damage (Harris, 1969; Tipton et al., 1970; McMillian et al., 1972). Some …

Proceedings Eighth Bird Control Seminar: Frontmatter And Contents

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio; 30 October - 1 November 1979
SPONSORED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES CENTER, BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIVERSITY, WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE AND NATIONAL PEST CONTROL ASSOCIATION VIENNA, VIRGINIA

DR. WILLIAM B. JACKSON, Conference Chairman and Editor
SHIRLEY S. JACKSON and BETH A. JACKSON, Assistant Editors

Bird Control And Endangered Species, Denis S. Case

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The potential exists for a conflict to occur between endangered species and almost any type of human endeavor. Detrimental effects on endangered species are possible even as a result of efforts to benefit other endangered species. The types of possible conflicts range from potential problems that are easily solved in early planning processes to major brouhahas involving nearly every conceivable agency and party. Relative to bird control, it is important to understand the true magnitude of the situa- tion and to develop a factual perspective. According to Ziswiler (1967), 169 species and subspecies of birds have become extinct since the …

Mesurol As A Bird Repellent On Grapes In Ohio, Hailu Kassa, Willaim B. Jackson

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Schafer and Brunton (1971) determined that methiocarb [3,5-dimethyl-4-(methylthio)phenol methylcarbamate] was efficaceous as a bird repellent, reporting low R50 and LD50 values for several bird species. Guarino (1972) suggested that bird damage to corn, soybeans, rice, sorghum, cherries, and grapes could be reduced by spraying with methiocarb. Crase and DeHaven (1976) concluded that methiocarb could be an effective broad-spectrum bird repellent and crop protectant. Bollengier et al. (1973), Stone et al. (1974), Ali (1978), Teklehaimanot (1978), and Jackson et al. (1978) reported that bird damage to blueberries was significantly lower in methiocarb-treated fields than in the untreated fields. Rogers (1974) describes …

Behavioural And Physiological Problems Associated With The Development Of Curb, Rufus J. Stone

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

CURB is a harmless chemical repellent formulated and prepared to control avian and mammalian behavior which may result in losses of cultivated crops at all stages of growth, of food in storage, and also in behavior which may endanger health (e.g. dogs fouling) or life (e.g. birds on runways at airports). It is a fine powder, which may be wet- table for spraying when mixed with water; or it may be prepared for dry application. It is synergised aluminum ammonium sulfate. Its LD50 is greater than 5 gr/kg; it has passed the U.S.A. and French skin and eye mucosa tests …

Avian Hosts Of St. Louis Encephalitis Virus , Robert G. Mclean, Thomas W. Scott

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) virus normally infects birds and is transmitted between birds by mosquito vectors. Thus it is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus). SLE virus is found throughout the Americas, and human disease has been reported from the nor- thern part of the hemisphere. Human epidemics have been reported only from northern Mexico (Gonzalez Cortes, et al. 1975), the United States, and southern Canada (CDC 1977). Other viruses closely related to SLE (dengue, yellow fever, and Rocio viruses) cause epidemics in Central and South America. In the United States, SLE is the most important mosquito-borne disease of humans in terms …

Diets Of The Red-Billed Quelea (Quelea Quelea) In The Awash River Basin Of Ethiopia, W. A. Erickson

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

An understanding of the feeding ecology of the red-billed quelea (Quelea quelea) is necessary for a comprehensive assessment of the potential impact of this species on cereals development. Queleas are reported to subsist primarily on wild Gramineae (Ward 1965a; Gaston 1976), but their mobility and tendency to feed in large aggregations readily adapts them to becoming a major cereal crop pest (Dyer & Ward 1977). Currently, conflicting evidence exists as to the factors involved in attacks on cereals and the relationship of depredation to the availability of wild foods. In Nigeria, Ward’s (1965a) findings indicated queleas prefer small wild grass …

An Evaluation Of 4-Aminopyridine For Dispersing Winter Blackbird Roosts In Colorado, John L. Cummings

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Blackbirds and starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) often establish large winter roosts in areas where their presence is objectionable because of economic, public health, and nuisance reasons. Several techniques are available for alleviating roost problems, including habitat manipulation, roost dispersal with mechanical and pyrotechnic devices (Mott et al 1978), and, where necessary, direct population reduction (DeGrazio 1964). These techniques, however, have limitations due to weather, roost accessibility, logistics, and adverse public reaction. In the past, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) has been used effectively as a bird-frightening agent in agricultural crops (Besser 1976), but until now has not been adequately tested for its effectiveness as …

Blackbird-Starling Winter Roost Survey In Kentucky And Tennessee, 1977-78, Jon F. Heisterberg

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The existence of large winter blackbird-starling roosts has, at least in recent years, presented problems to residents of Kentucky and Tennessee. Farmers in the vicinity of large roosts have reported serious crop and feedlot losses (including transmission of livestock diseases caused by blackbirds and starlings). Aesthetic, human health, and nuisance problems are frequently associated with large roosts. To gain knowledge and understanding of the distribution and ecology of winter roosts so that more effective means of alleviating these problems can be found, the Fish and Wildlife Service periodically conducts roost surveys throughout the United States. Surveys of winter roosts, with …

Primary And Secondary Losses In Corn Following Simulated Bird Damage, Paul P. Woronecki, Robert H. Stehn, Richard A. Dolbeer

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Blackbird (Icteridae) damage to maturing corn (Zea mays) in the milk and dough stages has long been considered a severe problem in localized areas of the United States (Stone et al. 1972). Most estimates of primary loss to corn yields are based on visual or measured surface area estimates of damage to individual ears (Linehan 1967; De Grazio et al. 1969; DeHaven 1974; Granett et al. 1974). These estimates of loss ignore any compensating growth in the undamaged kernels and secondary losses from insects and disease that may have occurred following damage. Numerous studies of fruit, small grain, and hay …

Clinic On Pigeon Control, Jim Steckel, Stu Amrine, Mike Pompili

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

In this open discussion session, led by Jim Steckel, a variety of topics and problems of particular interest to PCOs are touched upon. A tape was made during the program, then a transcript prepared. The following edited text follows the flow of questions and comments through the session.

Significance Of Hemolytic Activity Of Some Radiation- Resistant Micrococci In Food, Ardyce Welch, R. Burt Maxcy

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Micrococci resistant to 1 Mrad ofgamma radiation were isolated from irradiated chicken. Three isolates were hemolytic on blood agar plates and were selected for further study.Two other radiation-resistant micrococci, Micrococcus radiodurans and Micrococcus radiophilus, were included in the study because there is only a very limited amount of information regarding hemolytic activity of these organisms and their potential role of public health importance. Tests to determine hemolytic patterns, hemolytic activity of extracellular substances, leukocytic activity, presence of enzymes commonly associated with pathogenicity (coagulase, deoxyribonuclease, phosphatase), and pathogenicity for laboratory animals all suggested that the organisms would not be of …

The Probe, Issue 2 - October 1979

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Contents:

WHEN IS A PELT NOT WORTH TAKING?
NEWS FROM DISNEY WORLD, D.C.
NADCA TAKES A STAND AT "SCOPE" HEARINGS
THERE'S A NEW KOOK ON THE BLOCK
ADC LOSES ANOTHER SHELL GAME
NADCA MEMBERSHIP IS A PRIZE
TRAP TIPS
Vice-President Homer S. Ford
Region I Director - Willard E. Nelson
Region II Director - Clyde R Madsen
Region III Director - Wesley R. Jones
Region IV Director - John C. Jones
Region V Director - Howard A. Merrill
Bird related topics

What Do We Know About Faculty? A New Way Of Looking, Robert E. Young

POD Quarterly: The Journal of the Professional and Organizational Development Network in Higher Education

Faculty development puts a focus on individual faculty members, their professional and personal lives. But what do we really know about faculty members? What do we know about how they think and act? What do we know about how they learn and develop in their many roles? In this article, I want to review some of what we do and do not know and propose a way to organize our understanding of faculty members as individuals.

Calendar, Fall 1979

POD Quarterly: The Journal of the Professional and Organizational Development Network in Higher Education

Items in this section are events taking place during a six-month period, no sooner than a month after the appearance of the journal. Information on events to be listed in the calendar should be sent to the current editor. A brief statement as to why a POD member would be interested in the event would be helpful.

Farm, Ranch And Home Quarterly Institute Of Agriculture And Natural Resources, University Of Nebraska- Lincoln

Farm, Ranch and Home Quarterly

In this issue:

IANR Informs Nebraska .................................... 2

Electromagnetic Energy- Study Aims At Pest Control ............................... 3

IAN R Staff Reaches Out With' Partners' Exchange....................... 6

Weather or Not ... Climatology Center Prepares For the Future ................. 9

Compost: A Solution For Feedlot Wastes ...................... 13

Electron Microscope- An 'Eye' on Cattle Digestion .............................. 16

ALYSSA: Fascinating, Frustrating, Exhausting and Unsinkable ......................... 19

Research Digest .......................................... 21

The Hamburger Story- Beef Shortages Exceed Demands .......................... 22

Dixon County 4-Hers Adopt Grandparents ................... 24

Hybrid or Crossbred?- Genetic Study Shows the Basic Difference .................. 26

Results Of The Ninth International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery Grown In 1977, S. L. Kuhr, K. D. Wilhelmi, V. A. Johnson, P. J. Mattern, J. W. Schmidt

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

This is the ninth report of results from an International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery (IWWPN) organized in 1968 by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the Science and Education Administration (SEA), U.S. Department of Agriculture, under a contract with the Agency for International Development, U.S. Department of State. The Nursery was designed to (1) test the adaptation and stability of winter wheat cultivars in a range of latitudes, daylengths, fertility conditions, water management regimes, and disease complexes; (2) identify superior winter cultivars to serve as recipient genotypes for high protein and high lysine genes, (3) test the degree of expression …