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Key To Trematodes Reported In Waterfowl, Malcolm Edwin Mcdonald

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

This key is the second in a series for identification of the helminths reported in waterfowl (Family Anatidae, Order Anseriformes). The first was a key to nematodes (McDonald 1974).

The trematodes show the greatest variety of forms among the helminth parasites of waterfowl, including over half of all species reported; sometimes this group also includes the greatest part of the worms in a single bird. Over 500 species of trematodes have been reported in waterfowl. Almost all of these have been included in the present set of keys; it was not possible, however, to obtain the descriptions of a few …

Vegetative Filter Treatment Of Livestock Feedlot Runoff, Elbert C. Dickey, D. H. Vanderholm

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Four vegetative filters were installed on feedlots in central and northern Illinois. Two configurations were used: channelized Dow and overland Dow. After settling for partial solids removal, runoff was applied directly to the filters and allowed to Dow from the inlet to the outlet section. Results from measurement analyses and sampling of influent, effluent, and surface Dow at intermediate points were reported.

Most runoff events were infiltrated completely, resulting in no filter discharge. Runoff from larger events was partially discharged. Filters removed as much as 95% of nutrients and oxygen-demanding materials from the applied runoff on a weight basis, and …

Agricultural Experiment Station News July 1981

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
From the Director’s Desk
Gudmundsen Sandhills Research Center
Widaman Trust Distinguished Graduate Assistant Stipends
Reorganization of Science and Education Administration
Update on Integrated Energy Farm Field Laboratory
Grants and Contracts
Journal Articles - Submitted for Publication

Agricultural Pioneering In Dakota: A Case Study, Gilbert C. Fite

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

In recent years many historians have increasingly turned their attention to what might be called microhistory. Rather than studying broad topics in a sweeping and comprehensive manner, they have preferred to examine a county, a city, political or social groups within a locality, or an individual firm or institution. The aim has been to present history from the grassroots or the sidewalks-a people-oriented history, so to speak. As a result of such works, historical understanding has been greatly enhanced.¹

Little serious microhistory, however, has been done on pioneer agriculture, farm life, and standards of living. While there have been …

The Probe, Issue 15 July, 1981

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

THE PLIGHT OF LOVING WILDLIFE
Charlie Cadieux, who once was Principal Assistant in the Texas. D i s t r i c t o f the old PARC, has written a book about rare and endangered species of w i l d l i f e . Entitled THESE ARE THE EUOAUGEREV, the book is hardcover and i l l u s t r a t e d with 18 of Bob Hines drawings, along with many photographs.
TALON VERSUS THE ZOO AGAIN
TRAPPER EDUCATION
membership l i s t
road show on the West Coast this fall by Bill …

The Probe, Issue 14 - June 1981

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Contents:
Impact of the Endangered Species Act
Trapping! What’s in it for wildlife?
Angel Island off the coast of California
USDI Change In Policy
With Friends Like This – Who Needs Enemies?
College Station District rancher losing lambs
Beaver colony response to fertility control - Evaluating a concept
NADCA is to serve as an ADC information interchange center
The Balance of Nature is Upset Again
Acetic acid might dissolve the lead sleeve on snares
Disneyworld, Washington, D.C.
Editorially Speaking
"Lacy" dogs of Texas
Reagan Administration and the EPA

The Platte River Ecology Study: Special Research Report', Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Each spring about 80%of the sandhill cranes in North America stop for several weeks in the Platte and North Platte River Valleys of Nebraska while en route to breeding grounds in Canada, Alaska, and the Soviet Union. This concentration of cranes is unparalleled in North America and these sites represent the principal spring staging areas for the midcontinent population. Large numbers of waterfowl, numerous bald eagles, whooping cranes, and many other species also use the area.

Recent changes in habitat conditions along the Platte and North Platte Rivers have prompted concern for the welfare of sandhill cranes and other migratory …

Agricultural Experiment Station News May 1981

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
From the Director’s Desk
Projects Approved
Grants and Contracts
NEBRASKA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PUBLICATIONS - April 1981

The Probe, Issue 13 - May 1981

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Content:
Prexy’s Corner
Disneyworld, D.C.
An Animal Damage Identification Guide for Massachusetts
Bird Problems in Agriculture
Let’s Hit the Antis Where They Live – Right in the Legislature!
Oregon Revisited
WLFA Update
The problem with feral pigs in San Benito County (CA)
Dr. Donald A. Spencer, Regional Director VI
Milton Caroline, Regional Director IV
A Study of the Foraging Habits of Quits at the Montgomery County Landfill, Rockville, Maryland
Harvey O. Edwards – Memoir
Which Risks are Acceptable?
Illegally killed elk being poached just for their antlers
Recommendations for an effective ADC program

Exercise And Stress Tolerance, Richard A. Dienstbier, James Crabbe, Glen O. Johnson, William Thorland, Julie A. Jorgensen, Mitchel M. Sadar, Dennis C. Lavelle

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Presented in this paper is research designed in part to show that although moderate running by well-trained runners plays a significant role in reducing stress response to subsequently introduced stressors, running at the level of marathon competition alters psychological and physiological dispositions in a manner not conducive to reduced stress responses. In these demonstrations, the choice of our psychological and physiological dependent measures was guided by a larger theoretical framework concerning the relationship of exercise to temperament. We will discuss this larger view first because it provides a theoretical perspective that is useful in considering our specific hypotheses. We believe …

Hemmorrhagic Lesions In Stomach Of Rhesus Monkey Caused By Piscine Ascaridoid Nematode, Robin M. Overstreet, George W. Meyer

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Within a few hours after being administered to the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta), Hysterothylacium type MB larvae penetrated the stomach wall, causing hemorrhage and attracting eosinophils. Inocula of up to 300 larvae, however, did not cause peripheral hypereosinophilia. This species is the first ascaridoid which normally matures in fish that has been shown to penetrate the alimentary tract of a primate. Consequently, human consumption of raw seafood from at least the northern Gulf of Mexico free from infections with Anisakis spp., Phocanema decipiens, or other species that mature in mammals or birds does not necessarily assure freedom …

The Status Of Endrin - 1981, Harvey S. Gold

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

As reported in 1980, at the Fourth Annual Pine and Meadow Vole Symposium, the use of endrin would be subject to the EPA Administrator's decision as delineated in the EPA Position Document 4. The details of his decision and the resulting prohibitions and restrictions were given at last year's Symposium and are contained in the official publication of the 1980 Symposium in the article by Lawrence S. Ebner and Harvey S. Gold.

Non-Target Species Hazard Or Brodifacoum Use In Orchards For Meadow Vole Control, Mark H. Merson, Ross E. Byers

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

This year we entered into our second year of non-target species hazard assessment of Brodifacoum used (BFC; ICI Americas, Inc.) as an orchard rodenticide. The primary emphasis of this work has been to in¬vestigate the effects of BFC on birds of prey through secondary poisoning. The hazard level of BFC to raptors should be dependent on the levels found in post-treatment collections of meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus). Post-treatment collections of meadow voles were made during both the 1979 and 1980 field trials. The residue analysis from the 1979 collections are now available (through the courtesy of ICI Americas, …

Pine Vole Activity Results For 1979-1980 Toxicant Applications, Roger S. Young

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

The toxicants were placed in an apple orchard consisting of 'Rome' and 'Golden Delicious' trees planted in 1954 at a distance of 20 by 20 feet and thinned to 20 by 40 feet in 1972. Pine voles have been for several years the dominant vole infesting the orchard and have caused an 8% tree loss. Vole activity sites were selected at 30 trees per treatment. Bait applications of brodifacoum (Volak) and chlorophacinone (Rozol) were made by hand placement under roofing pads at one activity site per tree. A treatment was included using the "Mouse-ateria", as the bait station for comparison …

Seasonal Variations In Movements And Habitat Use By Pine And Meadow Voles, Ralph E. Pagano, Dale M. Madison

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Free-ranging pine voles (Microtus pinetorum) and meadow voles (M. pennsylvanicus) were radio-tracked in a maintained apple orchard environment in August and December 1980. Meadow voles maintained larger home ranges than pine voles in the summer, but had similar-sized ranges in December. The home ranges for both species decreased with the onset of winter. Pine and meadow voles showed a strong tendency to remain within rows and to restrict most of their movement to areas beneath the canopy. Despite some overlap in space use between the species, the movements of both vole species suggested mutual avoidance. Differences …

Influence Of Apples On Population Density, Body Weights, And Reproductive Organ Weights In Pine Voles, J. J. Hasbrouck, F. A. Servello, A. R. Tipton, R. L. Kirkpatrick

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Previous field studies at Virginia Tech have found differences in reproductive output of pine voles in abandoned and maintained orchards. Cengel et a1. (1978), trapping in northern Virginia, found higher levels of reproduction in a maintained orchard than in an abandoned orchard. The breeding season of voles extended into winter in the maintained orchard but ceased in late fall and winter in the abandoned orchard. Noffsinger (1976), working in orchards near Roanoke, Virginia, found a higher fatality rate in the maintained orchard and a year-round breeding season; however, the percentage of pregnant females declined in winter. Reproduction was lower in …

Spacing, Movements, And Social Organization Of A Free-Ranging Population Of Pine Voles Microtus Pinetorum, Randall W. Fitzgerald, Dale M. Madison

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Free-ranging pine voles (Microtus pinetorum) were radio-tracked in a maintained orchard environment from August to November 1980. Pine voles existed in discrete non-overlapping family units with an average of 6.5 individuals per family unit. Home ranges of family members overlapped extensively, and all the members of a single family unit utilized one or two communal nest sites within the family's territory. Males ranged slightly farther than females, and females spent more time in the nest than did males. The mating system appeared to be promiscuous with a high degree of social tolerance among pregnant and lactating females and …

Digestibility And Nutritional Quality Of Apple Tree Roots And Other Orchard Forages Of The Pine Vole, F. A. Servello, R. L. Kirkpatrick, K. E. Webb Jr.

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Analysis of the seasonal food habits of pine voles (Microtus pinetorum) by Cengel et a1. (1978) revealed that apple tree root consumption occurs only during winter months. Increased root consumption in the winter has been postulated to be due to a decrease in the quantity and quality of other foods in orchards. However, the normal translocation of carbohydrates into the root systems of trees during the dormant season may improve the quality of apple tree roots as a food source for voles. One objective of the pine vole nutrition studies at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University is …

Social Behavior Of The Pine Vole (Pitymys Pinetorum): I. Activity Patterns Of Mated Pine Voles In Semi-Natural Environments, Philip O. Renzullo, Milo E. Richmond

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

The root damage resulting from pine vole (Pitymys pinetorum) infestation of apple orchards remains a major vertebrate pest problem. Currently, research effort is being directed at habitat management and at toxic bait development and application as two potentially cost-effective methods for control of these rodents. Recently, investigations have begun into the detailed relationships between the pine vole's physiology and it's habitat in an effort to understand and perhaps disrupt the seemingly ideal balance achieved by the animal in apple orchard situations. In addition to these approaches, which have possible immediate application, one area of pine vole biology that …

Analysis Of Seasonal Dynamics Of Pine Vole Populations In Two Virginia Orchards, S. B. Lindquist, A. R. Tipton, G. K. Yarrow, J. J. Hasbrouck

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Presently, V. P. I. and S.U. is involved in a three year multi-disciplinary project to study pine and meadow vole ecology, behavior, and control (see additional V.P.I, and S. U. papers in Proc. Fifth East. Pine and Meadow Vole Symposium). In conjunction with this research, a long-term field study has been initiated to collect seasonal data on vole densities, survivorship, and reproduction in two Virginia apple orchards. The use of these data will be fourfold: (1) to gain insight into the dynamics of Virginia vole populations; (2) to act as a reference (or control) for future field experiments involving manipulation …

Social Context Affects Expression Of Conditioned Taste Aversions During Grooming By Pine Voles: Implications For Animal Damage Control, J. Russell Mason, Lynette A. Geyer, Christine A. Kornet

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Rodents typically show conditioned aversions to substances previously associated with illness. Aversions can be observed when the tastant is presented in food, water and, for rats, when the tastant is smeared unilaterally on the animal's flank and ingested during auto-grooming. Such results have important implications for rodent control. For that reason, others have investigated whether voles and mice continue to groom when tastants associated with sickness are smeared on their fur. Investigations have shown that grooming persists in the presence of the conditioned stimuli even though strong aversions are shown toward the same tastants in a drinking context. The question …

Social Organizations And Reproduction In Freely Reproducing Colonies Of Pine Voles In The Laboratory, Margaret H. Schadler

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Freely reproducing colonies of pine voles reared in confined laboratory enclosures have a definite social organization and a predictable pattern of reproduction which results in limitation of population size. Colonies that were established in the laboratory with a single breeding pair showed that: 1) populations were self-limiting, 2) rank order existed with the founding female occupying a dominant position in the hierarchy, 3) reproduction was generally confined to the founding female and 4) the non-reproducing members of the colony showed that they did become reproductive when they were paired with normal mates. This paper is a preliminary report of the …

A System For The Observation Of Voles Under Semi-Natural Conditions With Applications To: Social Interactions, Competition, Food Habits, Habitat Preference And Bait Accpetance., D. S. Wilkie, M. A. Novak

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

A laboratory system to study microtine rodents has been developed that avoids many of the intrinsic restrictions of earlier laboratory and field studies. The system is composed of two interconnected plexiglas tables with a soil substrate and hay cover. The system permits unconstrained visual observation of voles as they move within a runway network of their own construction. The flexibility of the system facilitates its use in various avenues of microtine research.

Growth And Development Rates Of Microtus Pinetorum Under Different Photoperiods, T. L. Derting, J. A. Cransford

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Photo-period and nutrition are important variables affecting reproductive activity and growth in many rodents. Field and laboratory studies indicate that long photo-period (spring-summer) cause Increased growth while short photo-periods (fall-winter) inhibit these processes. In the montane vole (Microtus montanus) recently weaned animals gain weight at a much lower rate under short photo-periods or in total darkness than under long photo-periods (Vaughan et al., 1973; Peterborg, 1978). Adult M. montanus had more offspring and larger mean litter sizes under LD 18:6 than LD 6:18 (Pinter & Negus, 1965). Similarly, long (LD 16:8) or increasing photo-periods stimulated the onset of …

Frontmatter

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Frontmatter

Registration List

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Registration List

Proceedings Of The Fifth Eastern Pine And Meadow Vole Symposium, Gettysburg, Pa, March 4-5, 1981

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Entire symposium.

HIGHLIGHTS OF THE FIFTH EASTERN PINE AND MEADOW VOLE SYMPOSIUM

The Fifth Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposium was held at the Sheraton Inn-Gettysburg, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania March 4 and 5, 1981, for the purpose of assessing the current status of research, extension, and industry programs relating to the problem of vole damage to fruit trees. The meeting was intended to create a problem solving atmosphere in which growers; various governmental agencies such as EPA, USDA, USDI; the chemical industry; and university personnel could observe the cur¬rent thrusts of research and extension programs and their potential impact on future …

Experimental Results Of Chlorophacinone Ground Sprays In North Carolina, William T. Sullivan Jr.

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Field experiments with chlorophacinone (CPN) ground sprays seem to be more effective in control of pine voles in North Carolina orchards when the percentage grass cover under tree drip lines is high. Preliminary laboratory results seem to confirm this observation.

Our group has carried out a number of field trials of the efficacy of ground sprays for controlling pine voles in orchards. In reviewing these tests with special reference to inconsistency of results with chlorophacinone (Hayne 1977) an apparent relationship to the amount of grass cover was noted, and laboratory trials were started to test this question.

An Approach To Determine The Economic Threshold Level For Pine Voles, Stephen B. White, Theodore L. Huller

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

The effectiveness of orchard management, as in any agricultural system, is judged on the total quantity and quality of the produce and on the financial return per unit of investment. Decisions affecting orchard management are based ultimately on economic factors.

This economic criterion should, therefore, be applied to all orchard pest management decisions—including control of the pine vole (Pitymys pinetorum). The purpose of this paper is to describe an approach we are taking to identify factors useful in estimating the economic threshold which can form the basis for cost-effective management of the pine vole and the meadow vole …

Radiotelemetric Evaluation Of The Effect Of Horticultural Practices On Pine And Meadow Voles In Apple Orchards: I. Rotary Mowing, Dale Madison, Randall Fitzgerald, Ralph Pagano, Jeffrey Hill

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Pine voles (Microtus pinetorum) and meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) were studied in three apple orchard plots in the Hudson Valley of New York during June and July 1980. Selected voles from each plot were given miniature radiotransmitters and then tracked before, during, and after rotary mowing.

A total of 11 pine voles and 6 meadow voles were tracked. Home range size was much larger for meadow voles than pine voles. During mowing, meadow voles were noticeably affected by the mower; pine voles were not. No change occurred in the area utilized before and after mowing for …