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Avian Repellents: Options, Modes Of Action, And Economic Considerations, J. Russell Mason, Larry Clark

National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995

The present manuscript considers visual, auditory, tactile, chemosensory, and physiologic repellents currently available for use in the United States. Discussion of tactile, chemosensory, and physiologic repellents is emphasized for three reasons. First, these products are preferred by users. Second, application of these substances is regulated by state and federal agencies. Third, only four active ingredients are legally available at the present time. This lack reflects difficulties in obtaining regulatory approval and limited market size.

Electronic Rodent Repellent Devices: A Review Of Efficacy Test Protocols And Regulatory Actions, Stephen A. Schumake

National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995

A wide variety of sonic/ultrasonic, electromagnetic, mechanical/vibrational, and electrical barrier devices have been researched, developed, and marketed over the past 30 years. Although there are currently no Environmental Protection Agency' (EPA) registration requirements, human safety and repellent efficacy test data for these devices may be requested whenever they are commercially manufactured, marketed, and retailed. This chapter reviews research reports and data sets for devices operating at selected frequency ranges, pulse rates, duty cycles, and intensity levels. It also describes examples of laboratory and field test protocols as well as recent EPA and Federal Trade Commission (FTC) regulatory actions in relation …

Repellency Of Mongoose Feces And Urine To Rats (Rattus Spp.), Mark E. Tobin, Ann E. Koehler, Robert T. Sugihara, Michael E. Burwash

National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995

Chemical repellents derived from predators might offer more effective and longer lasting protection from vertebrate depredations than current damage control measures. Thus, we conducted laboratory and field studies to evaluate the repellency of mongoose feces and urine to black rats (Rattus rattus) and Polynesian rats (R. exulans ) . We exposed captive wild rats to water, butyric acid, mongoose (Herpestes auropunctatus) feces, or mongoose urine in a 150- x 60- x 120-cm partitioned arena and recorded their behavior with a video camera. None of the test substances had any apparent effect (P> 0.05) on behavior …

The Role Of Sensory Cues And Feeding Context In The Mediation Of Pine-Needle Oil's Repellency In Prairie Voles, Shirley A. Wager-Page, J. Russell Mason, Eugeny Aronov, Gisela Epple

National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995

Pine-needle oil inhibits feeding in vertebrate species through sensory cues. Prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) significantly decreased their ingestion of raw apple pieces when pineneedle oil (10% vol/vol) was applied as a repellent coating. During single-choice tests, voles selected similar amounts of sunflower seeds from pine-needle oil-scented jars and vegetable oil-treated jars. However, when jars containing both stimuli were presented simultaneously, voles retrieved significantly more food from the vegetable oil-treated jars than the pine-needle oil-treated jars. Neonatal administration of capsaicin chronically depletes neurotransmitters in C- and A-a fibers greatly diminishing or abolishing pain transmission in the affected neurons (i.e., …

Review Of Regulatory-Imposed Marketing Constraints To Repellent Development, Judith M. Hushon

National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995

The purpose of this paper is to review the regulatory issues concerned with marketing repellents and to try to identify areas where changes may be needed. Repellents are covered unevenly by the various Federal and State pesticide laws. These laws were generally formulated to deal with pesticides and other highly toxic chemicals used to control "pests." However, repellents discourage pests due to their disagreeable properties rather than their toxicity. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has recently introduced reduced risk pesticide guidance which limits reporting requirements and hastens review. Those states that follow the Federal lead do not represent a problem. …

Recent Studies On Flavor Aversion Learning In Wildlife Damage Management, Russell F. Reidinger Jr.

National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995

Flavor aversion learning (FAL) occurs experimentally when a mammal is presented with a distinctive-flavored food followed by a postingestional illness. Birds may learn aversions to visual cues. Aversions follow a single pairing and may be robust. During the past decade, at least four directions were followed in evaluating FAL for managing wildlife damage: compounds already registered for use on crops such as herbicides, insecticides, or fungicides were tested for their abilities to also repel birds and small mammals from crops; naturally occurring compounds such as sucrose or charcoal were similarly evaluated; eggs were treated with different compounds in attempts to …

Table Of Contents - Volume 5, Number 2, Fall 1995

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Contents:

Articles

Book Reviews

Letters to the Editor

News and Notes

Index

River Protection In Texas: Up A Creek Without A Policy, Michelle S. Pettit, F. Andrew Schoolmaster

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Federal river protection in the us. began in 1968 with passage of the National Wild and Scenic Rivers Act (P.L. 90-542). In addition to the federal system, 33 states have enacted some type of state-level river protection legislation. Currently, over 400 river segments and 15,000 river miles are protected by the state programs. Texas, which contains 23 major river basins and over 80,000 linear miles of streambed, has made numerous attempts to establish a state-level protection program; however, each has failed. With a growing population of more than 17.6 million, competition for water resources will intensify, including demands for various …

Secondary School Curriculum Change In Rural Nebraska, Erwin Goldenstein, L. James Walter

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Critics of education in the United States asserted that high school students' performance fell after 1960. The decline has been linked to high school curricula which lost academic rigor in comparison to high school curricula in earlier decades. This study investigates the curricula of selected high schools in Nebraska, using random samples of graduating seniors taken every 10 years from 1953 to 1983. Findings show that the proportions of students' programs devoted to more demanding English, social sciences, mathematics, business, and natural science courses diminished during the study period. Grade inflation was observed in smaller public schools, but not in …

Multivariate Analysis Of Quality Of Life And Migration In North Dakota, Mohammad Hemmasi

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Principle components analysis and multiple regression were used to examine spatial variations in quality of life indicators, and relationships between quality of life indicators and net migration rates for North Dakota counties between 1980 and 1990. Three quality of life dimensions were identified: Affluence, Suffering, and Demography. Of the three derived indicators, Affluence was the best overall statistical determinant of county migration rates. Adverse quality of life and migration trends were especially evident for counties with high non-white population proportions; such counties may need special development policies.

The Probe, Issue # 157 -- August 1995

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Past, Present and Future: Berry man looks at wildlife damage management, by Katherine Vaughn, Special Correspondent
Japanese "Scarecrow" May Protect Space Shuttle
At Least Six Die From Rabies in 1994
Carbon Monoxide Gassing, Moles, and Pocket Gophers
The $1.5 Million Kitten!
Book Review: Tracking and the Art of Seeing: How to Read Animal Tracks and Sign. By Paul Rezendes.
Reprint policy update for The PROBE
Nominations for Officers and Directors
Trapping Weasels
Video Review: "Moles Make Lousy Pets: A Guide to Effective Control" by Thomas F. Schmidt

Cc302 Revised 1995 Extension Programming Units

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Campaign Circular 302 Revised August 1995 contains information concerning the extension programming units.

Nebline, August 1995

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Horticulture

Rural $ense

Family Living

4-H & Youth

Environmental Focus

Community & Leadership Development

Extension Calendar

Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP)

Nebraska Association for Family and Community Education News

and other extension news and events

1995 Lancaster County Fair Edition

Repellency Of Plant, Natural Products, And Predator Odors To Woodchucks, N. Jay Bean, Wyatt L. Korff, J. Russell Mason

National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995

Woodchuck (Marmota monax) damage to lawns, gardens, orchards, and other agricultural areas is of concern to homeowners and fanners throughout the northeastern region of the United States. Currently, the only effective control methods are live-trapping and relocation, shooting, or lethal trapping. Each of these techniques, though effective, has drawbacks that limit its use in residential areas. Using odors to repel the animals could provide a nonlethal option to help mitigate the vegetation and property damage caused by these animals. For this reason, we studied the repellency of several commonly available odorants to repel woodchucks. Nine different burrow sites …

A Review Of The Bird Repellent Effects Of 1 17 Carbocyclic Compounds, Larry Clark

National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995

We evaluated 117 carbocyclic compounds for their bird repellent effects in no-choice (one-bottle) drinking tests and summarized the results in this paper. Compounds derivative of aromatic heterocycles, acetophenones and carbocyclic compounds containing sulfur are often strong repellents. Anthranilates, aromatic alcohols, aromatic aldehydes, and carbocyclic compounds containing nitrogen are moderately strong repellents. However, the potency of anthranilates is highly variable, depending upon the nature of the substitutions. Acetates and benzoates are weak repellents. Benzoic acids and amino acids are not repellent to starlings. In addition, discussions of the type of behavioral assay, units of measure, and dose-response characterizations include recommendations for …

Annual Index - Volume 5, Number 2, Fall 1995

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Annual index

Review Of Aboriginal Peoples In Urban Centres: Report Of The National Round Table On Aboriginal Urban Issues By Royal Commission On Aboriginal Peoples, Russel Lawrence Barsh

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Months after Canada's most violent modern-day confrontation with Aboriginal peoples, the month-long standoff between Mohawk "Warriors" and Canadian troops at Kahnesatake, Quebec, in August 1990, the Conservative Government of Brian Mulroney announced the appointment of a Royal Commission to make recommendations for the complete overhaul of Aboriginal policy. Five years, hundreds of hearings and academic studies, and $C60 million later, the Royal Commission has yet to make its report. Jean Chretien's Liberal Government has already announced that it has its own program for Aboriginal "self-government," hinting that the long-awaited Royal Commission findings will be dead-on-arrival. The corpse will not be …

Review Of Skeletal Biology In The Great Plains: Migration, Warfare, Health And Subsistence By Douglas W. Owsley And Richard L. Jantz, Luann Wandsnider

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

This volume reports the results of studies on skeletal remains throughout the Great Plains from early to recent times. Skeletons from the W. H. Over Museum Collection in South Dakota, excavated by Over, William Bass, and W. R. Hurt, form the volume's analytic core, with other collections providing necessary context. Portions of the Over skeletal collection have been reported on previously. When the collection was mandated for reburial in 1985, however, Owsley and Jantz arranged for comprehensive osteological analysis by numerous specialists, resulting in this volume.

Thirty-two chapters by 39 authors are offered on the topics of Great Plains disease …

Acuta Enews July 1995, Vol. 24, No. 7

ACUTA Newsletters

In This Issue

Board report

President's message

Wiring today for tomorrow

Card technology

DC at a glance

From ACUTA Headquarters

Nebline, July 1995

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Horticulture

Rural $ense

Family Living

4-H & Youth

Environmental Focus

Community & Leadership Development

Extension Calendar

Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP)

Nebraska Association for Family and Community Education News

and other extension news and events

Environmental Changes In A Polluted Stream During Winter, Arden R. Gaufin, Clarence M. Tarzwell

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

Year round studies of environmental conditions in Lytle Creek, a stream polluted with organic wastes, were initiated late in 1949, by the Biology Section of the Public Health Service's Environmental Health Center.2 Lytle Creek is a tributary of the Little Miami River which enters the Ohio River at Cincinnati. It is about 11 miles long, and has an average width and depth of 15 feet and 1 foot respectively, during normal summer flows. Widths range from 3 to 35 feet and depths from a few inches to a maximum of 6 feet. Surface runoff comprises the major portion of the …

Acuta Enews July 1995, Vol. 24, No. 7

ACUTA Newsletters

In This Issue

Board report

Presidents message

Wiring today for tomorrow

Card technology

DC at a glance

From ACUTA Headquarters

Center For Sustainable Agricultural Systems Newsletter, July/August 1995

Center for Sustainable Agricultural Systems: Newsletter (1993–2000)

Contents:

Center for Rural Affairs Holds Annual Meeting

SARE/ACE Preproposals Due Sept. 15

Regional Training Program Awards Minigrants

Reduced Herbicide Weed Control

Interested in Biofuels?

Cast Report Summarizes Crp Survey

New San Coordinator

USDA Office of Sustainable Ag Programs Has Two Job Openings

Ag Resource Conservation Act

Listserv on Land Use and Other Resources

E-mail Network for Ecological Agriculture

Weed Electronic Discussion Group

Fairwell Michele

Agricultural Research Division 109th Annual Report 1995

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

It is a pleasure to provide the 109th Annual Report of the University of Nebraska Agricultural Research Division (ARD). This report contains lists of current faculty, visiting scientists, and research associates; active research projects; refereed journal articles, books, and book chapters published; theses and dissertations written; germplasm/cultivars released; and awards received by faculty and graduate students. Also included are brief descriptions of accomplishments from selected research projects, information about the programmatic distribution of resources, and the financial report for the period July 1, 1994, to June 30, 1995. This report was compiled in compliance with the intent of the law …

Wreath-Laying In The George Eliot Memorial Garden, Nuneaton

The George Eliot Review Online, ISSN: 2831-5375

For those of you who don't know who I am, I am currently the Managing Agent on the Arbury Estate, where I am lucky enough to live in South Farm, which will be familiar to you all as the birthplace of Mary Ann Evans.

I arrived at Arbury approximately 183 years after Robert Evans, Mary Ann's father, who was also the Agent on the Estate and on whom it is my intention to reflect today. Robert was born in 1773, the son of a carpenter. He had a limited early education in the local school which was run by Bartle …

Acuta Enews June 1995, Vol. 24, No. 6

ACUTA Newsletters

In This Issue

Board report

President's message

Charles Co. Community College's telecommuting project

Brock's campus ID card

From ACUTA Headquarters

Low Dose, Robert Katz, Francis A. Cucinotta

Robert Katz Publications

Low doses of radiation are frequently inferred to mean doses of the order of 10-100 mGy, regardless of the end point or the nature of the irradiation, as if the energy were deposited uniformly through all targets. Yet, the fluence in a charged particle beam at which there is an average of 1 charged particle transit per target leaves 37% of the targets untouched. At an average of 3 transits per target, 5% of the targets experience no particle transits. Only at an average of 5 transits per target do 99% of the targets achieve one or more transits. One …

Instrumentalist Policymaking: Policy Criteria In A Transactional Context, F. Gregory Hayden

Department of Economics: Faculty Publications

As an extension of my recent policymaking chapter, Institutionalist Policymaking [Hayden 1993, 283-331], this paper deals with policy criteria in an instrumentalist or pragmatist framework. The works of Charles Peirce and Thorstein Veblen emphasized criteria-Peirce with explicit discussion of their character and Veblen with active application in his evaluations of various economies and institutions. Few scholars have continued in their tradition; Seymour Melman [1983], with his excellent Veblenian application of criteria in industrial policy studies, is a notable exception. Interest in the subject of criteria, except by individualist philosophers, has been scarce in the twentieth century until recently. Thirty years …

Nebline, June 1995

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Horticulture

Rural $ense

Family Living

4-H & Youth

Environmental Focus

Community & Leadership Development

Extension Calendar

Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP)

Nebraska Association for Family and Community Education News

and other extension news and events

Inhibition Of Chloroplast Dna Recombination And Repair By Dominant Negative Mutants Of Escherichia Coli Reca, Heriberto D. Cerutti, Anita M. Johnson, John E. Boynton, Nicholas W. Gillham

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

Escherichia coli RecA, suggest that the plastid recombination system is related to its eubacterial counterpart. Therefore, we examined whether dominant negative mutants of the E. coli RecA protein can interfere with the activity of their putative homolog in the chloroplast of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Transformants expressing these mutant RecA proteins showed reduced survival rates when exposed to DNA-damaging agents, deficient repair of chloroplast DNA, and diminished plastid DNA recombination. These results strongly support the existence of a RecA-mediated recombination system in chloroplasts. We also found that the wild-type E. coli RecA protein enhances the frequency of …