Digital Commons Network^™

A Test Of “Annual Resolution” In Stalagmites Using Tree Rings, Julio L. Betancourt, Henri D. Grissino-Mayer, Matthew W. Salzer, Thomas W. Swetnam

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

So-called annual banding has been identified in a number of speleothems in which the number of bands approximates the time interval between successive U-series dates. The apparent annual resolution of speleothem records, however, remains largely untested. Here we statistically compare variations in band thickness from a late Holocene stalagmite in Carlsbad Cavern, Southern New Mexico, USA, with three independent tree-ring chronologies form the same region.We found no correspondence. Although there may be various explanations for the discordance, this limited exercise suggests that banded stalagmites should be held to the same rigorous standards in chronology building and climatic inference as annually …

Environmental Change In The Great Plains: An Isotopic Record From Fossil Horses, Benjamin H. Passey, Thure E. Cerling, Michael E. Perkins, Michael R. Voorhies, John M. Harris, Shane T. Tucker

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Carbon and oxygen isotope ratios of fossil horse tooth enamel from Nebraska and Texas show evidence for late Neogene environmental changes in the Great Plains. The earliest unambiguous C₄ dietary signal among Texas equids coincides with the age of the classic late Hemphillian–age Coffee Ranch fauna, which we suggest is ∼6.6 Ma based on volcanic ash correlations. C₄ vegetation was present in the diets of a small fraction of late Hemphillian equids in Nebraska and was thereafter ordinary in the diets of both Nebraska and Texas equids. There is no unequivocal evidence for abundant C₄ vegetation in …

Arktos: An Intelligent System For Satellite Sea Ice Image Analysis, Leen-Kiat Soh

School of Computing: Technical Reports

We present an intelligent system for satellite sea ice image analysis named ARKTOS (Advanced Reasoning using Knowledge for Typing Of Sea ice). The underlying methodology of ARKTOS is to perform fully automated analysis of sea ice images by mimicking the reasoning process of sea ice experts and photo-interpreters. Hence, our approach is feature-based, rule-based classification supported by multisource data fusion and knowledge bases. A feature can be an ice floe, for example. ARKTOS computes a host of descriptors for that feature and then applies expert rules to classify the floe into one of several ice classes. ARKTOS also incorporates information …

Biodiversity Of Fungi In Red Imported Fire Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Mounds, Jennifer A. Zettler, Thomas M. Mcinnis Jr., Craig R. Allen, Timothy P. Spira

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

The red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, became established in North America more than 70 yr ago, and it currently occupies most of the southeastern United States. Fire ants change the physical and chemical components of soil, which likely infuence soil fungi in ant mounds. To determine the effects of fire ants on soil fungi, we sampled soil from fire ant mounds and the surrounding nonmound soil. In addition, we sampled soil from the nests of the native ant Aphaenogaster texana carolinensis Wheeler. We found that both fire ant mounds and native ant nests had greater fungal abundance but …

Coelum Britannicum: Inigo Jones And Symbolic Geometry, Rumiko Handa

Architecture Program: Faculty Scholarly and Creative Activity

Inigo Jones's interpretation that Stonehenge was a Roman temple of Coelum, the god of the heavens, was published in 1655, three years after his death, in The most notable Antiquity of Great Britain, vulgarly called Stone-Heng, on Salisbury Plain, Restored. King James I demanded an interpretation in 1620. The task most reasonably fell in the realm of Surveyor of the King's Works, which Jones had been for the preceding five years. According to John Webb, Jones's assistant since 1628 and executor of Jones's will, it was Webb who wrote the book based on Jones's "few indigested" notes, on the recommendation …

Sustaining Geographies Of Hope: Cultural Resources On Public Lands, Sandi Zellmer

Nebraska College of Law: Faculty Publications

This Article integrates constitutional principles, statutory requirements, and federal policy governing the use and preservation of cultural resources to sketch out a decision-making framework for public land managers. Specific examples of cases where American Indian interests have been pitted against competing demands at Devils Tower National Monument, the Indian Pass area of the California Desert, and the Medicine Wheel are examined to illustrate optimal solutionssolutions allowing the greatest possible accommodation of cultural, even spiritual, interests, while protecting the resources from degradation. The conflicts at these sites, and the opportunities presented by these conflicts, show that federal agencies can adopt reasonable …

Office Of Research And Graduate Studies -- Annual Report 2001/2002

Office of Research and Economic Development: Publications

03/04 Nanotechnology
05/06 Research Highlights
07/08 Biomedical Research
09/10 Children, Families & Education
11/12 Initiatives
13/14 Genomics
15/16 Research Centers
17/18 Graduate Studies
19/20 Technology Transfer

When I came to the University of Nebraska–Lincoln last year, I was not only impressed by the faculty and administration, but inspired by the potential to move UNL research to a new level of excellence. In the past fiscal year, we’ve experienced exceptional growth. Our total sponsored programs awards grew 25 percent, which is a direct result of our strategic initiatives that provide new resources, leverage existing resources, develop grantsmanship skills and increase collaborations …

The Women Of Palmyra--Textile Workshops And The Influence Of The Silk Trade In Roman Syria, Cynthia Finlayson

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

By the second century A.D., the oasis empire of Tadmor, Syria (Roman Palmyra) had eclipsed Nabataean Petra to the south in Jordan as the premier trading conduit for the exotic goods of Asia, India, and China as they found their way by caravan and ship to the hungry markets of the West and Rome. Palmyra functioned as the only viable source of water, salt, and pasture for all large trading expeditions as they ventured across the Northern Syrian Desert to the Mediterranean ports of Antioch, Tyre, Sidon, and Aleppo. Sensuous silk was among the most prized of the exotic goods …

Appropriated Threads: The Unpicking And Reweaving Imported Textiles, Jessica Hemmings

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

The Silk Route has become synonymous with the movement of knowledge that accompanies the trade of objects. Many of the textiles discussed here were not traded along the Silk Route, but all are representative of the associations that are made with this artery of cultural exchange. The examples cited arrive from a range of cultures and geographies: Indonesia and Nigeria, the Southwest United States and New Zealand. From these vastly different regions, using a variety of materials, weavers painstakingly unpicked yarns from woven fabrics for use in other weavings.

The term ‘raveled yarn’ refers to threads that have been unpicked …

Appropriated Threads: The Unpicking And Reweaving Imported Textiles, Jessica Hemmings

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

The Silk Route has become synonymous with the movement of knowledge that accompanies the trade of objects. Many of the textiles discussed here were not traded along the Silk Route, but all are representative of the associations that are made with this artery of cultural exchange. The examples cited arrive from a range of cultures and geographies: Indonesia and Nigeria, the Southwest United States and New Zealand. From these vastly different regions, using a variety of materials, weavers painstakingly unpicked yams from woven fabrics for use in other weavings.

The term 'raveled yam' refers to threads that have been unpicked …

The Drug Sensitivity And Transmission Dynamics Of Human Malaria On Nias Island, North Sumatra, Indonesia, D. J. Fryauff, B. Leksana, S. Masbar, I. Wiady, P. Sismadi, A. I. Susanti, H. S. Nagesha, Eijkman Institute For Molecular Biology, S. Atmosoedjono, M. J. Bangs, J. Kevin Baird

United States Public Health Resources

Nias Island., off the north-western coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, was one of the first locations in which chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium vivax malaria was reported. This resistance is of particular concern because its ancient megalithic culture and the outstanding surfing conditions make the island a popular tourist destination. International travel [0 and from the island could rapidly spread chloroquine-resistant strains of P. vivax across the planet. The threat posed by such strains, locally and internationally, has led to the routine and periodic re-assessment of the efficacy of antimalarial drugs and transmission potential on the island. Active case detection identified malaria in 124 …

The Women Of Palmyra—Textile Workshops And The Influence Of The Silk Trade In Roman Syria, Cynthia Finlayson

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

By the second century A.D., the oasis empire of Tadmor, Syria (Roman Palmyra) had eclipsed Nabataean Petra to the south in Jordan as the premier trading conduit for the exotic goods of Asia, India, and China as they found their way by caravan and ship to the hungry markets of the West and Rome. Palmyra functioned as the only viable source of water, salt, and pasture for all large trading expeditions as they ventured across the Northern Syrian Desert to the Mediterranean ports of Antioch, Tyre, Sidon, and Aleppo. Sensuous silk was among the most prized of the exotic goods …

Review Of Creating Colorado: The Making Of A Western American Landscape, 1860-1940 By William Wyckoff, Kenneth Helphand

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Most settlers and visitors to Colorado came across the Plains, watching the Front Range of the Rockies slowly materialize from what seems to be a mirage on the horizon. While the eastern third of the state is within the Great Plains, it is the mountains and beyond that dominate our perception. William Wycoff uses Colorado's diverse and distinctive regions as a framework for his fine historical and cultural geography of the state. Appropriately, he begins with the mountains, the state's spiritual heart, and then visits the Piedmont Heartland, that zone between mountain and Plain where Denver and most of the …

The Making Of Little Sweden, Usa, Steven M. Schnell

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Ethnic tourism in the United States has become big business. An estimated six billion dollars were spent on various forms of "heritage tourism" (including ethnic tourism) in the US in 1995 alone.¹ At first glance, this desire for roots and tradition within an American public more often noted for its worship of progress and individualism may seem surprising. Yet as Americans have become increasingly mobile, wired, and rootless,² many have become disillusioned with the growing urbanization and industrialization of their society³ and have begun efforts to recapture a sense of what they perceive as traditional rural community. …

Title And Contents- Winter 2002

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Great Plains Quarterly

Volume 22/ Number 1 / Winter 2002

CONTENTS

THE MAKING OF LITTLE SWEDEN, USA Steven M. Schnell

A SLAVE TO YELLOW PERIL: THE 1886 CHINESE OUSTER ATTEMPT IN WICHITA, KANSAS Julie Courtwright

THE BEGINNING OF THE END: THE INDIAN PEACE COMMISSION OF 1867-1868 Kerry R. Oman

BOOK REVIEWS

Bruce E. Johnson

Shapers of the Great Debate on Native Americans - Land, Spirit, and Power By ROBERT L. BEE

Tom Dunlay Kit Carson and the Indians By ROBERT S. MCPHERSON

Amanda J. Cobb Listening to Our Grandmothers' Stories: The Bloomfield Academy for Chickasaw Females, 1852-1949 By MARY JANE …

Gamma Sigma Delta, Nebraska Chapter Newsletter, Issue #24 [#25], August 2002

Gamma Sigma Delta, Nebraska Chapter: Newsletters

PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE - Marilynn Schnepf, President, Nebraska Chapter

Gamma Sigma Delta Scholarship Recognition Reception

HISTORIAN'S REPORT - DeLynn Hay, Historian

GAMMA SIGMA DELTA MEMBERSHIP REPORT (PRELIMINARY) - 2002 - David L. Keith, Membership Coordinator

NOMINATIONS FOR MEMBERSHIP TO GAMMA SIGMA DELTA August 2002

Merit Award Nomination

Teaching Award Nomination

Research Award Nomination

Extension Award Nomination

Runaway/Thrownaway Children: National Estimates And Characteristics, Heather Hammer, David Finkelhor, Andrea J. Sedlak

Human Trafficking: Data and Documents

The words “missing child” call to mind tragic and frightening kidnappings reported in the national news. But a child can be missing for many reasons, and the problem of missing children is far more complex than the headlines suggest. Getting a clear picture of how many children become missing—and why—is an important step in addressing the problem. This series of Bulletins provides that clear picture by summarizing findings from the Second National Incidence Studies of Missing, Abducted, Runaway, and Thrownaway Children (NISMART–2). The series offers national estimates of missing children based on surveys of households, juvenile residential facilities, and law …

A Study Of Sign Language In Clump Anzees, Kelli Bacon

Nebraska Anthropologist

One of the hot topics in anthropology concerns the debate over chimpanzee communicative and lingual abilities. This paper will offer evidence gatheredfrom studies by Allen and Beatrice Gardner, Roger Fouts, Maury and Jane Temerlin, Herbert S. Terrace, T G. Bever, and Sheri Roush who all used American Sign Language (Ameslan) to teach their students Washoe, Lucy, Bruno, Booee, Cindy, Thelma, Nim, Moja, Pili, Tatu, Dar, Loulis, and Ally. Each of the studies lfas tailored differently, but many of the results were the same. This, in itself, might be evidence for some level of lingual ability, but some scholars such as …

Analyzing Anthropogenic Landscapes With Gis And Remote Sensing: A Literature Review, Andi O. Kraft

Nebraska Anthropologist

Anthropogenic landscapes are those that have been modified, to varying degrees, by human. Their development is affected by the over-use of natural landscapes in the past such as overgrazing, frequent fires, or excessive depletion of forests. Anthropologists analyzing land-use intensification are now realizing the promise of geographical information systems (GIS) and remote sensingfor their research. A literature review of case studies done on varying anthropogenic landscapes will highlight how GIS can give practical integration of geographic spatial structures (habitation, soils, river drainage) to past and current relationships between the environment and human systems when combined with local-level knowledge. Research of …

Qumran: Archaeology And Theories Of Identification, Ann Putz

Nebraska Anthropologist

Research at Qumran has lead many archaeologists, religious figures, and other academics into disagreements about what the site really was during the time of the Romans in the Holy Land. Qumran was first excavated in the 1950 's after scrolls were found in the caves surrounding the site. The site has some very unique features not found anywhere else in Israel or Jordan, leaving the researchers somewhat confused. Qumran has had several occupations and has also been rebuilt many times due to earthquakes. This only adds to the confusing in determining what the site of Qumran really was.

Intellectual Property Rights As A Policy Tool For Earth Observation Data In Europe, Frans G. Von Der Dunk

Space, Cyber, and Telecommunications Law Program: Faculty Publications

This chapter provides a contribution to analyze and evaluate the possibilities and obstacles of using intellectual property rights as a policy tool in the European Earth observation context. To this end, the generic concept of “intellectual property rights” will be discussed first. Secondly, such an analysis will then be applied to the legal particularities provided by Earth observation from space. Thirdly, a few international treaties on intellectual property rights will be discussed. Fourthly, the particular legal framework available in principle for any policies in Europe will be scrutinized, for example the specifics of the legal order having arisen within the …

Southeast Research And Extension Center 5-Year Issue-Based Review

Southeast Research and Extension Center: Reports and Administration

Director's Introduction

Demographic and Economic Profile of Southeastern Nebraska

Geography and Organization

Population

Agriculture

Income and Poverty

Commuting

Race and Ethnicity

Preface - Writing Team

Agriculture Issue Team Report

Acreage Team Report

Small/Medium Farm Team Report

Large Farm Team Report

Agribusiness/Consultants Team Report

Structure of Agriculture Report

Crops

Animal Agriculture

Agribusiness

Public Policy

Community Visions: Urban/Rural Issue Team Report

Environmental Sustainability Issue Team Report

Family Life Issue Team Report

Healthy Lifestyles Issue Team Report

Food Safety

Healthcare in Communities

Nutrition Education Program

Nutrition Through the Lifecycle

Youth Issue Team Report

Research in the Southeast District

Final Report of Focus Group …

Early Spatial And Temporal Validation Of Modis Lai Product In The Southern Africa Kalahari, J. L. Privette, R. B. Myneni, Y. Knyazikhin, M. Mukelabai, G. Roberts, Y. Tian, Y. Wang, S. G. Leblanc

United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Publications

We evaluate the operational MODIS Leaf Area Index (LAI) product using field-sampled data collected at five sites in southern Africa in March 2000. One site (Mongu, Zambia) was sampled monthly throughout the year. All sites were along the International Geosphere Biosphere Programme’s (IGBP) Kalahari Transect, which features progressively lower annual precipitation, and hence, lower vegetation productivity, from north to south. The soils are consistently sandy. At each site, we sampled the vegetation overstory along three 750-m transects using the Tracing Radiation and Architecture in Canopies (TRAC) instrument. The resulting plant area index values were adjusted with ancillary stem area data …

Global Products Of Vegetation Leaf Area And Fraction Absorbed Par From Year One Of Modis Data, R. B. Myneni, S. Hoffman, Y. Knyazikhin, J. L. Privette, J. Glassy, Y. Tian, Y. Wang, X. Song, Y. Zhang, G. R. Smith, A. Lotsch, M. Friedl, J. T. Morisette, P. Votava, R. R. Nemani, S. W. Running

United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Publications

An algorithm based on the physics of radiative transfer in vegetation canopies for the retrieval of vegetation green leaf area index (LAI) and fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FPAR) from surface reflectances was developed and implemented for operational processing prior to the launch of the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) aboard the TERRA platform in December of 1999. The performance of the algorithm has been extensively tested in prototyping activities prior to operational production. Considerable attention was paid to characterizing the quality of the product and this information is available to the users as quality assessment (QA) accompanying the …

Multiscale Analysis And Validation Of The Modis Lai Product, Yuhong Tian, Curtis E. Woodcock, Yujie Wang, Jeff L. Privette, Nikolay V. Shabanov, Liming Zhou, Yu Zhang, Wolfgang Buermann, Jiarui Dong, Brita Veikkanen, Tuomas Häme, Kaj Andersson, Mutlu Ozdogan, Yuri Knyazikhin, Ranga B. Myneni

United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Publications

The development of appropriate ground-based validation techniques is critical to assessing uncertainties associated with satellite databased products. In this paper, the second of a two-part series, we present a method for validation of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Leaf Area Index (MODIS LAI) product with emphasis on the sampling strategy for field data collection. Using a hierarchical scene model, we divided 30-m resolution LAI and NDVI images from Maun (Botswana), Harvard Forest (USA) and Ruokulahti Forest (Finland) into individual scale images of classes, region and pixel. Isolating the effects associated with different landscape scales through decomposition of semivariograms not only …

State-Wide Forest Legacy Assessment Of Need For The Nebraska Forest Legacy Program, Western Environment And Ecology, Inc.

Nebraska Forest Service: Publications

The Forest Legacy Program (FLP) authorizes the USDA Forest Service or state governments to purchase permanent conservation easements on private forest lands and to prevent those lands from being converted to a non-forest use. The forest lands that contain important scenic, cultural, recreation resources, fish and wildlife habitats, water resources, and other ecological values that will support continued traditional forest uses receive priority. Those land owners that choose to participate in the program are required to follow a stewardship plan designed for their forest. Activities consistent with the management plan, including timber harvesting, grazing, and recreation activities, are permitted.

For …

Arbitrariness And Discrimination In The Administration Of The Death Penalty: A Legal And Empirical Analysis Of The Nebraska Experience (1973–1999), David C. Baldus, George Woodworth, Catherine M. Grosso, Aaron M. Christ

Nebraska Law Review

PART A ... I. Introduction ... II. Review of the Literature ... III. Law and Practice in the Nebraska Death Penalty System ... A. Judicial Sentencing ... B. Death Eligibility, Fact Finding, and the Weighing of Aggravation and Mitigation ... C. Comparative Proportionality Review ... 1. Proportionality Review in Penalty Trials ... a. Pre-1978 ... b. Post-1978 ... 2. Proportionality Review in the Nebraska Supreme Court ... a. Pre-1978 ... b. Post-1978 ... D. Prosecutorial Charging Practices ... E. The Implications of Ring v. Arizona for Capital Sentencing in Nebraska ... F. Conclusion

PART B ... IV. Methodology, Research Design, …

Biomass And Nitrogen Traits Of Summer Pigeon Peas And Winter Wheat Grown For Three Rotations In Containers, Srinivas C. Rao, Charles T. Mackown, James E. Bidlack

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] cultivars, ‘Georgia-1’ and ‘ICPL-87’, were grown without inoculation and with Bradyrhizobium inoculation (multistrain, TAL 1127, or TAL 1132) to evaluate legume dry weight (DW) and nitrogen (N) content, soil mineral N, and subsequent wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity. Pigeon peas were grown during summer and ‘TAM 101’ wheat was grown during winter, along with summer fallow controls fertilized with 0, 45, and 90 kg N ha^-1, in 36-cm diam. 20-L pots from 1992 to 1995. Representative pigeon peas were harvested in the fall and remaining plants were incorporated into the …

Progress On Geoenvironmental Models For Selected Mineral Deposit Types, Robert R. Seal Ii, Nora K. Foley

United States Geological Survey: Publications

Since the beginning of economic geology as a subdiscipline of the geological sciences, economic geologists have tended to classify mineral deposits on the basis of geological, mineralogical, and geochemical criteria, in efforts to systematize our understanding of mineral deposits as an aid to exploration. These efforts have lead to classifications based on commodity, geologic setting (Cox and Singer, 1986), inferred temperatures and pressures of ore formation (Lindgren, 1933), and genetic setting (Park and MacDiarmid, 1975; Jensen and Bateman, 1979). None of these classification schemes is mutually exclusive; instead, there is considerable overlap among all of these classifications. A natural outcome …

Summary Of Working Group Activities, Cyril Arney

United States Department of Transportation: Publications

HFW 2002

Shape of the 20th Century

Carl Jung (1875-1961)

Shape of human progress

What is correct HFE model?

The problem redefined

Behavioral Science

Behaviorism

Human behavior is complex

The Conclusions