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The Prairie Naturalist Vol. 10, No. 3. September 1978

The Prairie Naturalist

NOTES ON DISTRIBUTION OF THREE SPECIES OF MAMMALS IN SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ J. K. Jones, Jr., J. R. Choate and R. B. Wilhelm

A MID-CONTINENT IRRUPTION OF CANADA LYNX, 1962-63 ▪ H. L. Gunderson

CHECKLIST OF NORTH DAKOTA MAMMALS (REVISED) ▪ J. M. Wiebe and J. F. Cassel

DECLINE OF YEAR-CLASS STRENGTH OF BUFFALO FISHES IN LAKE SAKAKAWEA, NORTH DAKOTA ▪ D. W. Willis and J. B. Owen

NOTE

Pileated Woodpecker Eating Russian Olive Fruits ▪ R. S. McVoy

BOOK REVIEWS

Birds of the Prairie Provinces ▪ W. J. Maher

Wildlife of the Prairies ▪ C. R. Grondahl

Distribution Patterns …

The Prairie Naturalist Vol. 10, No. 2. June 1978

The Prairie Naturalist

ANALYSIS OF THE FLEHMEN DISPLAY IN AMERICAN BISON (BISON BISON) ▪ B. R. Mahan, M. P. Munger and H. L. Gunderson

AVIAN MORTALITY CAUSED BY A SEPTEMBER WIND AND. HAIL STORM ▪ K. F. Higgins and M. A. Johnson

DISTRIBUTION OF TWO SPECIES OF LONG-EARED BATS OF THE GENUS MYOTIS ON THE NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS ▪ J. K. Jones, Jr. and J. R. Choate

ALFALFA AND THE OCCURRENCE OF FISSURES ON THE NORTH DAKOTA PRAIRIES ▪ J. P. Bluemle, A. E Kehew, E. A. Brostuen and K. L. Harris

NOTES

An Observation of Badger Predation on Richardson Ground Squirrels ▪ …

Distribution Of Two Species Of Long-Eared Bats Of The Genus Myotis On The Northern Great Plains, J. Knox Jones Jr., Jerry R. Choate

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Two long-eared species of the cosmopolitan bat genus Myotis, the long-eared myotis (Myotis evotis) and the fringe-tailed myotis (Myotis thysanodes), have been known for many years from the Northern Great Plains. Material acquired in the last decade or so, however, reveals a somewhat different distributional pattern for the two species than had been supposed on the basis of specimens obtained earlier, some of which have been misidentified in the published literature.

The Changing Rodent Pest Fauna In Egypt, A. Maher Ali

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)

The most serious known rodent pests in agricultural irrigated land are: Rattus rattus, Arvicanthis niloticus and Acomys sp. Occasionally there are rodent outbreaks in agricultural plantations. The changing agro-ecosystem in the present and future agricultural plantations is expected to affect the status of the following potential rodent pest species: Spalax ehrenbergi aegyptiacus, Nesokia indica, Jaculus orientalis, and Gerbillus gerbillus gerbillus. Basic studies are needed to quantify damage including water loss, which is caused by rodents, forecast of rodent outbreaks, and integrated control of rodents in agricultural projects.

Agricultural Impact Of A Winter Population Of Blackbirds And Starlings, Richard A. Dolbeer, Paul P. Woronecki, Allen R. Stickley Jr., Stephen B. White

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The major concentration of blackbirds and Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) in North America occurs in the southeastern United States where an estimated 350 million Red-winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) , Common Grackles (Quiscalus quiscula) , Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) , and Starlings congregate in winter roosts (Meanley 1971, 1975, 1977). An estimated 75-100 major (containing >l million birds) roosts form in the southeastern states each year. Increasing attention is being given to many of these roosts because of nuisance problems, reputed health hazards, and agricultural damage associated with them. Although considerable effort has been directed toward developing methods for reducing roosting populations …

The Prairie Naturalist Vol. 10. No. 1 March. 1978

The Prairie Naturalist

KEY TO THE SKULLS OF NORTH DAKOTA MAMMALS ▪ J. M. Wiebe

RESPONSES OF PRAIRIE GROUSE TO AVIAN AND MAMMALIAN VISITORS ON DISPLAY GROUNDS IN NORTHWESTERN MINNESOTA ▪ D. W. Sparling, Jr. and W. D. Svedarsky

FIRST NESTING RECORD OF THE CASPIAN TERN IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ J. F. Herman, R. A. Schmidt and K. J. Wilson

MARSH HAWK PREDATION ON BLACK TERN AND PECTORAL SANDPIPER ▪ G. D. Maxson

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA—1977 ▪ R. N. Randall

BOOK REVIEW

Audubon Society "Field Guides" ▪ D. L. Kubischta

Liomys Irroratus, Robert C. Dowler, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Liomys Merriam, 1902
Spiny Pocket Mice

Liomys Merriam, 1902:44. Type species Heteromys alleni Coues (=Liomys irroratus alleni).

Context and Content: Order Rodentia, Family Heteromyidae, Subfamily Heteromyinae. The genus Liomys contains five known species.

Relating Wolf Scat Content To Prey Consumed, Theodore J. Floyd, L. David Mech, Peter A. Jordan

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

In 9 trials, captive wolves (Canis lupus) were fed prey varying in size from snowshoe (Lepus americanus) to adult deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and the resulting scats were counted. collectible scats were distinguished from liquid, noncollectible stools. In collectible scats, the small prey occurred in greater proportion relative to the prey's weight, and in lesser proportion to the prey's numbers, than did the remains of larger prey. A regression equation with an excellent the data (r² = 0.97) was derived to estimate the weight of prey eaten per collectible scat for With this information …

Food Of The Red Drum, Sciaenops Ocellata, From Mississippi Sound, Robin M. Overstreet, Richard W. Heard

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Examined digestive tracts of the red drum in Mississippi Sound contained mostly decapod crustaceans. Crustaceans accounted for 34 of 59 encountered taxa, more than reported from any other region. Nevertheless, the general diet for 104 fish with food contents out of the 107 examined is similar to that reported for red drum in several other studies from other areas. In addition to crustaceans, fishes followed by polychaetes occurred as the most important items (in 99, 43, and 15% of the drum with food, respectively). Blue crabs occurred in even more drum than the frequently encountered penaeid shrimps. Other commercial species …

Ten-Year Index To The Prairie Naturalist Vols. 1-10 (1968-1978), Virginia Steinhaus

The Prairie Naturalist

11 pages

From: ACANTHOMYOPS CLAVIGER,

to: Zink, R.M.,

The Northern Swift Fox In South Dakota, Jon C. Sharps

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Investigation by Fish and WIldife Srevice research biologist, Conrad Hillman and Department of Game, Fish and Parks have resulted in a five-month preliminary study of the swift fox in Shannon County, South Dakota. Thirteen fox were captured, marked, measured and released. Future plans will include an ecological study of the swift fox, introductions on private land for prairie dog control and a captive breeding program.

Predation On Furbearers And Management Alternatives, Ronald D. Andrews

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Most of the presentations from other members of the panel have discussed direct predation of one animal upon another with evidence and data to support it. Their presentations indicate that in some instances, considerable data has been collected that substantiates the fact that predation has been and can be a limiting factor in sustaining certain local animal populations. Suggestions have also been made concerning management alternatives that might help to reduce this predatory impact when desirable. Predation on furbearers and its impact is considerably more ambiguous and abstract. Facts and data concerning significant predation on furbearers, except for mink on …

Poecilancistrium Caryophyllum And Other Trypanorhynch Cestode Plerocercoids From The Musculature Of Cynoscion Nebulosus And Other Sciaenid Fishes In The Gulf Of Mexico, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Examination of over 3,000 fish, all sciaenids, has shown that plerocercoids of Poecilancistrium caryophyllum infect Cynoscion nebulosus, Bairdiella chrysura, Sciaenops ocellata, C. arenarius, Micropogonias undulatus, and Pogonias cromis in Mississippi Sound. In addition to P. caryophyllum, a pseudophyllidean-like trypanorhynch also infected C. nebulosus and M. undulatus. Pseudogrillotia pleistacantha selectively infected large P. cromis, Pterobothrium heteracanthum infected M. undulatus, and Pterobothrium lintoni infected Menticirrhus americanus. Prevalence and intensity of infections of P. caryophyllum in C. nebulosus from Mississippi, roughly 40% of the fish each possessing an average of about two worms, …

The Prairie Naturalist Vol. 9, Nos. 3 And 4. September-December, 1977

The Prairie Naturalist

UPLAND NESTING OF AMERICAN BITTERNS, MARSH HAWKS, AND SHORT-EARED OWLS ▪ H. F. Duebbert and J. T. Lokemoen

ROADSIDE NESTING BY PRAIRIE GROUSE IN NORTHWEST MINNESOTA ▪ W. D. Svedarsky

BOHEMIAN WAXWING POPULATIONS AND WINTER ECOLOGY IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ E. L. Bakke

AGEING ARCHAEOLOGICAL BISON BY DENTAL ANNULI ▪ J. C. Pigage and M. G. McKenna

COMPARISON OF COYOTE AND COYOTE X DOG HYBRID FOOD HABITS IN SOUTHEASTERN NEBRASKA ▪ B.R. Mahan

NOTES

Abnormal Mid-May Occurrence of White-fronted Geese in Sheridan County, North Dakota ▪ D.P. Kibbe and J. A. Roppe

Common Grackle Preys on Spotted Sandpiper Chick ▪ …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 9, No. 2. June 1977

The Prairie Naturalist

PROPAGULE DISPERSAL AMONG FOREST ISLANDS IN SOUTHEASTERN SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ J. W. Ranney and W. C. Johnson

GENERAL WEATHER CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE PRESCRIDED BURNING OF PRAIRIE IN NORTHWEST MINNESOTA ▪ W. D. Svedarsky and R. W. Sands

YELLOW-CROWNED NIGHT HERONS SIGHTED IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ D. G. Jorde, G. L. Krapu, and R. K. Green

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 9, No. 1. March 1977

The Prairie Naturalist

NESTING BY FERRUGINOUS HAWKS AND OTHER RAPTORS ON HIGH VOLTAGE POWERLINE TOWERS ▪ D. S. Gilmer and J. M. Wiebe

ARTHROPODS CONSUMED BY AN IMMATURE MARBLED GODWIT ▪ R. M. Timm and R. M. Zink

NOTES

Black-headed Grosbeak in Jamestown, North Dakota ▪ R. Lender

Summer Record of Red-breasted Nuthatch in North Dakota ▪ R. Lender

BOOK REVIEWS

Minnesota's Wild Flowers ▪ Staff

In Search of Eagles ▪ J. Lokemoen

Forest and Range Research ▪ Staff

An Economic Analysis of Recycling ▪ Staff

Upland Nesting Of American Bitterns, Marsh Hawks, And Short-Eared Owls, Harold F. Duebbert, John T. Lokemoen

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Nests of American Bitterns (Botaurus lentiginosus), marsh hawks (Circus cyaneus), and short-eared owls (Asio flammeus) are usually found in wetland habitats. Although large marshes containing dense stands of bulrushes (Scirpus), cattails (Typha), or other wetland vegetation are favored nesting cover, these birds have also been reported to nest in stands of tall, dense shrubs and grasses on the upland (Bent 1961, 1963; Palmer 1962; Sealy 1967; Stewart 1975). During 1968-74, we regularly found upland nests of these three species while conducting duck nesting studies in planted fields of undisturbed grass-legume …

Namru-3 Translations Of Parasite Literature From Russian, French, Japanese, Etc. Into English (1940-1977) T1201-T1300, United States Naval Medical Research Unit Number Three, Cairo, Medical Zoology Department

United States Naval Medical Research Unit 3: Publications

T1201. TRANSLATION FROM RUSSIAN. GAIDAMOVICH, S. Ya., MEL'NIKOVA, E. E., OBUKHOVA, V. R. and KLISENKO, G. A. (1974). Errors during identification of arboviruses. In: Arboviruses, edited by Gaidamovich, S. Ya. Sborn. Trud. Inst. Virus. imeni D. I. Ivanovsky, Akad. Med. Nauk, SSSR, (1):89-93.

T1202. TRANSLATION FROM RUSSIAN. KARMYSHEVA, V. Ya., CHUMAKOV, M. P., BERYAEVA, A. P., BUTENKO, A. M. and MART'YANOVA, L. I. (1964). Study of interreaction between Astrakhan virus isolated from Hyalomma plumbeum plumbeum ticks and tissue cell cultures. Mater. 11. Nauch. Sess. Inst. Polio. Virus. Entsef. (Moscow, 1964), pp. 10-12.

T1203. TRANSLATION FROM RUSSIAN. DZHAFAROV, T. E. (1965). …

The Prairie Naturalist Vol. 8, Nos. 3 And 4 September-December 1976

The Prairie Naturalist

SPRING MORTALITY OF INSECTIVOROUS BIRDS IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA ▪ J. R. Serie and R. E. Jones

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA—1976 ▪ R. N. Randall

MOSSES OF THE GREAT PLAINS: INTRODUCTION AND CATALOGUE ▪ S. P. Churchill

NOTES

Fulvous Tree Duck in North Dakota ▪ L. A. Jones

Unusual Mortality of a Saw-whet Owl ▪ H. A. Kantrud

Cardinal and Mockingbird in Jamestown, North Dakota ▪ D. H. and J. E. Johnson

BOOK REVIEWS

Essence of Wilderness ▪ K. T. Killingbeck

The Changing America ▪ L. M. Kirsch

A Government Bird Book ▪ J. F. Cassel

Wildflowers ofthe Rockies …

Response Of Maturing Corn To Simulated Bird Damage, Paul P. Woronecki, Charles R. Ingram, Richard A. Dolbeer

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Economic losses attributed to pests are usually estimated by visual assessments of the damage. In all cases, the amount of injury to plant parts is correlated with reduction in production, and any effects of plant response or compensation are ignored. Some recent experiments, using prairie grass grown with different degrees of grasshopper feeding activity, indicated that some plant processes were triggered by insect feeding (Dyer and Bokhari, 1976). Responses, such as the increase of net primary production on grasslands by livestock grazing, have been suggested in studies by Westlake (1963), Pearson (1965), and Hutchinson (1971); Vickery (1972) confirmed these findings …

Studies On Diet Overlap Among Icterids, Crows, And Starlings, M. I. Dyer, N. J. Kakalec

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Some of the problems that have been publicized for the past two to three years about blackbirds and Starlings in the southeastern United States are concerned with what these birds eat and the degree to which these granivores compete on their wintering grounds. The assumption by agriculturists has been that these birds cause severe depredations. Futhermore it is presumed by some that food supplies are unlimited and that these birds are simply living off the “fat of the land”; others consider that food is limited and that the birds are “pressured” into direct competition with man's food or food destined …

Starling Damage To Sprouting Wheat In Tennessee, Allen R. Stickley, Richard A. Dolbeer, Stephen B. White

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

An estimated half-billion blackbirds and Starlings have been roosting in the United States each winter for many years (Meanley and Webb, 1965). Three-fourths of these birds, primarily Red-winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus), Common Grackles (Quiscalus quiscula). Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater), and Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) winter in the east (lower Mississippi Valley and eastward to the Atlantic Ocean) where food and climate are apparently more attractive than in the more arid west.

In recent years, these birds have come increasingly to public notice because of appar- ent agricultural, health, aesthetic, and nuisance problems (Graham 1976). Considerable effort has been spent developing lethal …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 8, Nos. 1 And 2. March-June 1976

The Prairie Naturalist

THE POTAMOGETONACEAE IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ G. E. Larson

NOTES

January Record for Western Grebe at Amenia, North Dakota ▪ J. M. Wiehe and J. F. Cassel

An Observation of Possible Mallard Adoption ▪ R. A. Stromstad

Unusual Mortality in California Gulls ▪ G. R. Lingle

Great Horned Owl Predation of Penned Gray Partridge ▪ J. W. Schulz

BOOK REVIEWS

North Dakota's Own Bird Book ▪ B. and A. Gammell

North Dakota's Wildlife ▪ Staff

A New Bird Book for Minnesota ▪ D. H. Johnson

Two New Waterfowl Books ▪ T. J. Dwyer

Two Canadian Bird References ▪ Staff

Canadian …

Controlling Damage By Forest Rodents And Lagomorphs Through Habitat Manipulation, John E. Borrecco

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 7th (1976)

Damage to coniferous seedlings and trees by forest rodents, including forest lagomorphs, is a major factor limiting prompt regeneration and causing significant losses in young stands. Manipulating the vegetation to adversely influence food and cover thereby reducing animal numbers is proposed as an approach to alleviating damage. The adaptability, high reproductive potential, opportunistic feeding behavior, and mobility of forest rodents combined with the species diversity of rodent communities, rapid recovery of vegetation, and need for long-term protection make habitat manipulation for damage control a difficult approach. However, an example is presented where herbicide-induced reduction in vegetative cover and availability of …

Management Of Pine Voles, David E. Davis

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 7th (1976)

The pine vole (Microtus pinetorum) damages apple trees in western North Carolina, sometimes spectacularly. The current research monitors populations in orchards for several years to compare damage in different management practices. Recommendations for orchard management to reduce damage are devised and used to illustrate the process of application of basic knowledge. Populations of voles were monitored by 3 simple methods. Data on reproduction were obtained. Data on home range and mortality were found in the literature. In two counties, the orchards generally had grass in the alleys and sometimes a growth of weeds under the tree canopy. In …

Species Diversity And Distribution Of Fish In Lake Nicaragua, Kurt W. Koenig, Richard J. Beatty, Sergio Martinez C.

Investigations of the Ichthyofauna of Nicaraguan Lakes

The results of a preliminary study of the abundance, diversity and distribution of some of the fish species in Lake Nicaragua are presented here. These parameters have received little attention from investigators working on the lake.
A frequently used measure of species diversity is the Shannon-Weiner diversity index. It measures the degree of uncertainty of predicting the species identity of a randomly selected individual (Pielou, 1966). Lloyd and Ghelardi (1964) indicated that species diversity indices are influenced by both the species number, or "richness", and the species "evenness", or relative number of individuals of a species in a given habitat. …

The Behavior And Ecology Of Herotilapia Multispinosa (Teleostei, Cichlidae), Jeffrey R. Baylis

Investigations of the Ichthyofauna of Nicaraguan Lakes

Because of their complex social behavior and the ease with which they can be manipulated, cichlid fishes have long been of special interest to the ethologist. However, most of the research into cichlid behavior has been on Old World species. The social behavior of New World species is different and deserves more study. This paper will describe the ethology of one of the Central American cichlids, Herotilapia multispinosa.

Relative Abundance And Habitat Preference Of Some Small Mammals In Southeastern Nebraska, Jerry A. Walker

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Several small mammal species collected from southern Lancaster and northeastern Saline Counties, Nebraska showed variations in relative abundance and habitat preference from that recorded in the literature. The masked shrew (Sorex dnereus) was found in riparian and upland communities. The western harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys megalotis) (60 per cent of all captures) was the most abundant species in the area. The meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus) occurred in perennial grass upland areas, and the prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster) was found in annual grass and forb habitats. One species of vole was found to seldom frequent the …

Prospects For Control Of Phytopathogenic Bacteria By Bacteriophages And Bacteriocins, Anne K. Vidaver

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The last review on bacteriophages and bacteriocins of phytopathogenic bacteria was that of Okabe & Goto (98). All but one (21) of the subsequent reviews (II, 12, 60, 94, 104) have dealt primarily with viruses and bacteriocins of bacteria other than phytopathogens. The most recent microbiological compendia that in­ clude bacteriophages and bacteriocins are of limited value for phytobacteriolo­ gists because the authors generally overlook or ignore such agents (29, 47, 77, 119). However, Adam's classic .book (4), the review by Bradley (II), and the bibliography of Raettig (102) are still of value to phytobacteriologists as are reviews dealing principally …

The Prairie Naturalist Vol. 7, No.4. December 1975

The Prairie Naturalist

COMPARISON OF FLOWERING RECORDS FROM KANSAS AND NORTH DAKOTA ▪ O. A. Stevens

REPAIRED BONE BREAK IN A HOUSE SPARROW ▪ C. L. Cink and T. K. Broschat

A LARGE RACOON LITTER ▪ E. K. Fritzell and J. W. Matthews

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA –1975 ▪ R. N. Randall

BOOK REVIEW

Autumn Hawk Migrations ▪ P. B. Hofslund