Digital Commons Network^™

Unl Women's Studies Program Fall 1996, Christina E. Brantner

Women's and Gender Studies Program: Information and Materials

Since this newsletter is coming to you at the beginning and not the end of an academic year, and sinceyour entire Women's Studies staff is new, I would like to address you only briefly.

I am very excited about the opportunity to serve you all and am deeply honored by your confidence in me. I am not even going to try to fill Barbara DiBernard's wonderful shoes; I simply plan on keeping Women's Studies "on track" these two semesters.

2. Multicultural And Crosscultural Assessment: Dilemmas And Decisions, Juris G. Draguns

Multicultural Assessment in Counseling and Clinical Psychology

Cross-cultural psychologists aspire to scientific objectivity and cultural sensitivity. These two objectives are pursued simultaneously, yet they often exercise a pull in divergent directions. If the investigator's concepts, instruments, and procedures are designed to maximize cultural appropriateness, they may not be usable within other cultures. If, however, comparability is the principal consideration, sensitivity to the unique culture that is being investigated may be compromised.

The assessment of disturbed behavior across cultures is not exempt from these two pressures. In this chapter, four objectives are pursued. First an attempt is made to take stock of the present state of multicultural assessment. …

4. Toward A Methodology For Measuring And Assessing Racial As Distinguished From Ethnic Identity, Janet E. Helms

Multicultural Assessment in Counseling and Clinical Psychology

In the 1970s, as an offshoot of the civil rights movements of that era, applied psychologists began to grapple with the issues of how to measure racial and ethnic identity. Given the increased emphasis on improving the life circumstances of disenfranchised peoples in the United States, practitioners and applied social and behavioral scientists sought pragmatic strategies for determining how best to intervene in the environments primarily of peoples of color in order to contribute to positive mental health outcomes for them as well as society more inclusively (Sue, 1992).

However, as Helms (1990a) noted, the sophistication of theoretical models and …

The Ideology Of Cather’S Catholic Progressivism: Death Comes For The Archbishop, Guy J. Reynolds

Department of English: Faculty Publications

Death Comes for the Archbishop (1927), Cather’s fiction about the Catholic mission in the Hispanic Southwest, is a historical novel, but one that approaches its subject in an elusive, teasing manner. The text incorporates the new primitivism, carrying with it a tolerant receptivity to Indian culture, racial heterogeneity, and Catholicism--all of which are aspects of American culture that narrow definitions of American progress would have excluded. Nonetheless, Cather cannot finally combine, incorporate, or reconcile her own perspectives on progress, and her open text shades into an evasive text

New Palaeothentid Marsupials (Caenolestoidea) From The Early Miocene Of Patagonian Argentina, Todd C. Rae, Thomas M. Bown, John G. Fleagle

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Recent fieldwork in Argentina has resulted in the recovery of numerous new specimens of palaeothentid marsupials, an important component of the Deseadan-Santacrucian (Oligocene-middle Miocene) mammalian fauna of Patagonia. The 1994 collections include a new genus and species from the early Miocene Pinturas Formation at Estancia La Cafnada and the first complete lower dentition of Acdestis oweni from a locality in the Santa Cruz Formation along the Rio Chalia.

Threads Of Time Handmade Textiles For Weddings In Fez, Morocco, Louise W. Mackie

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

Handmade textiles have been vitally important in many traditional societies where they achieved cultural, symbolic, and economic significance. Yet today, comparatively little urban production survives except in Fez, Morocco, where an astonishing variety of age-old handmade textile traditions exists, based on local demand especially for weddings.

This video documentary provides a rare opportunity to see the making and use of eight different types of fabrics and clothing, to meet artisans, merchants and consumers, and to attend a wedding where handmade fabrics symbolize regional pride. Among the woven, embroidered, and trimming fabrics is one 100m of exceptional international significance. Elaborately patterned …

The Great Cloth Burial At Cahuachi, Nasca Valley, Peru, Elena Phipps

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

William Duncan Strong's excavation team, working at the base of the major ceremonial mound at Cahuachi, in the Nasca Valley, on the South Coast of Peru, encountered evidence of a thickly woven plain white cloth (fig.1). His journal entry for September 1, 1952 reads:

Strong was disappointed at the findings of the cut, subsequently referred to as the '''Rag Carpet' site." What he had hoped to find, were richly endowed burials, on the scale of the Paracas Necropolis. What he had actually found was probably the largest single piece of cloth ever woven in the Western Hemisphere, buried at the …

(Re)Situating Ceremonial Textiles In Ifugao, Upland Philippines, B. Lynne Milgram

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

Theories of macroeconomic development argue that as communities become integrated into a world-market economy, indigenous customs are increasingly threatened. This assumes that forces such as Western missionary activities and the commercialization of household production inevitably lead to a deterioration of local arts, religion and socioeconomic practices. These theories, however, ignore the dynamics of local-level contexts and the agency of individual actors.

Since the early 1900s, the interaction of indigenous religious traditions with external religions like Christianity has created diverse ritual practices throughout the upland Philippines. An important part of the indigenous religion of the Ifugao of northern Luzon, for example, …

Between Light And Shadow, Kathryn Lypke Vigesaa

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

Using a complex style of personal interviews and ethnographic documentary, visually rich in intimacy, lyricism, metaphor and sometimes startling images drawn from his subjects daily lives, the filmmaker looks at the role that textiles play in the lives of the Maya in Guatemala. Cloth is the first material that touches a child's body, it appears in every important event in a person’s life and is the last to touch a person at their death. In Quiche cosmology there are strong connections between house (milpa) and the huipile, both have 4 corners and 4 sides, all are reflections of the "skyearth"; …

Naming And Meaning: Ritual Textiles Of The Ihan Of Sarawak, Traude Gavin

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

In conjunction with the exhibition of Iban ritual textiles I curated at the Fowler Museum of Cultural History in Los Angeles in 1996, I gave a number of lectures based on my field research. The present paper will address some of the questions that were raised by the audience in Los Angeles. All these question are characteristic of the manner in which members of a Western, literate society tend to approach Iban cloth patterns.

This paper is divided into several parts. I begin with a brief background on the Iban people and on the ritual and social function of Iban …

Sacred Textiles From An Ancient Nubian Temple, Nettie Adams

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

Since so many of the temples of the Nile Valley were converted into churches after the coming of Christianity, most of the sacred objects of the temples were inevitably lost. The discovery of furnishings or ritual paraphernalia within the walls is extremely rare. As far as I know, our discovery of textile furnishings in the temple where they were once in use is quite simply unique.

INTRODUCTION

The discovery of a previously unsuspected temple at the archaeological site of Qasr Ibrim,² located in Egyptian Nubia, (Fig. 1) has provided us with a rich collection of sacred objects and temple …

Heirloom Cloth And Social Organization: The Ceremonial Kain Sandang Gobo Of The Minangkabau, West Sumatra, Linda Hanssen

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

The aim of this paper is to explore the role of the ceremonial shouldercloth -kain sandang gobo- as an inalienable possession in the social organization of the village society of Balai Cacang¹. To this end I shall examine the kain sandang gobo for its several visual aspects and symbolic meaning, and as an heirloom cloth in the harto pusako². The kain sandang gobo as a means of expressing rank and hierarchy will be explored by analyzing its role in the wedding-ceremony. The results will contribute to the aim of this panel, which is to …

The Traditional Method Of Masi Making On The Island Of Taveuni, Fiji, Daniel Roy Hildenbrandt

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

Masi or tapa is a traditional material which is made by the inhabitants of many of the islands in the Pacific region. This material is made from the bark of the young mulberry tree, which is soaked in water, beaten with mallets and formed into sheets. Mter drying, the Masi is decorated with traditional designs created by stencils, patterns and/or free-hand drawing. This documentary shows the process of Masi making as it is practiced on the "Garden Island" of Taveuni, Fiji. Each step is identified and explained in an English translation. The masi is made by the women of the …

Using Statistics To Analyze The Ancient Egyptian Scarab, Sarah C. Guthmann

Nebraska Anthropologist

The University of Nebraska State Museum (UNSM) houses a significant collection of nearly 100 ancient Egyptian scarabs. The collection is a wonderfully diverse group, providing examples of different usage and stylistic conventions, as well as spanning several periods of ancient Egyptian history (from the First Intermediate Period to the late New Kingdom). The scarabs vary in size, type of inscription they bear. and materials from which they were produced. This study statistically demonstrates that assignments of specific dimensions of scarab size and particular inscription types were not random occurrences. nor was the employment of certain materials and particular inscription types …

National Language Policy In The United States: A Holistic Perspective, Cody L. Knutson

Nebraska Anthropologist

English is not the official national language of the United States of America. However, this issue has often come to the forefront of many political debates, since language encompasses a wide array of political, economic and various other social implications. Acknowledging the right to the retention of local culture, a historical and cross-cultural study of language policy is interpreted to justify a limitation on the number of languages at the national political level if flexibility is maintained for individual states to adjust to the needs of their constituencies.

Nebraska Anthropologist Volume 13: 1996-1997 Table Of Contents

Nebraska Anthropologist

ARTICLES

01 Intellectual Property Rights: A Focus on Photography of Native Americans (Jennifer Wiggins)

07 National Language Policy in the United States: A Holistic Perspective (Cody L. Knutson)

17 Overgrazing: Is a Solution Available? (Brian Osborn)

23 Reservoirs and Reservations (Karen Griffin)

31 Humankind's Greatest Gift: On the Innateness of Language (Tina Brawn)

37 Using Statistics to Analyze the Ancient Egyptian Scarab (Sarah C. Guthmann)

45 Busy Corporations: The Effects of Corporations on the Environment & the Public (Markus Craig)

53 Phosphorous Concentrations at the Arner Site (Jenifer W. Putnam)

57 Circular or Rectangular Ground Plans: Some Costs & Benefits …

Phosphorous Concentrations At The Arner Site, Jenifer W. Putnam

Nebraska Anthropologist

Phosphate analysis of soil samples from the Arner site located in the Oglala National Grassland provides information on ancient activity patterns. This technique yields data that provide a direction for investigation during the next field season.

Intellectual Property Rights: A Focus On Photography Of Native Americans, Jennifer Wiggins

Nebraska Anthropologist

In 1990, many believed that Native Americans were aided in their fight for equality and justice with the passing of the federal Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA). This act did not, however, include items of intellectual property such as photographs. It is now vitally important, as we enter the technological age, that Native Americans regain control of their images, beliefs, and religion that are captured on film. However, it is not feasible that all photographs depicting Native Americans can be returned. Those to which they do have a viable reclaimance are the photographs that show private religious …

Review Of The Way To The West: Essays On The Central Plains By Elliott West, A. Yvette Huginnie

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

In one delightful volume, Elliott West offers four engaging, far-ranging essays on the Central Plains. Originally presented in 1993 as the ninth annual Calvin Horn Lectures on Western History and Culture at the University of New Mexico, these expanded essays are now available to a wider audience. The Horn lectures enabled West, a distinguished social historian, to explore some new aspects of western American history, specifically environmental and Native American studies. Interweaving secondary materials from a multiplicity of disciplines-anthropology, ecology and environmental studies, history, literature, sociology-with ample primary materials, West 'presents engrossing essays from which we can all benefit. He …

Sacramental Language Ritual In The Poetry Of Louise Erdrich, P. Jane Hafen

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

As an intensely personal genre, poetry intimately reveals Louise Erdrich's voice as her well-known fiction does not. Evident in that voice are elements of the mosaic of cultural experiences that comprise Erdrich's life: Catholicism, German ancestry, working class, university education, and Turtle Mountain Chippewa. Erdrich's poetry is her first published work, her own writing without the collaborative effort and editing of her husband, Michael Dorris (Modoc). While some of Erdrich's poems garner their cultural rhetoric from differing points of view and values, most exhibit the variety of experiences that result from marginalization inherent in the omnipresence of race in North …

Review Of Rachel Calof's Story: Jewish Homesteader On The Northern Plains By Rachel Calof, H. Elaine Lindgren

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Along with the original narrative this volume provides an epilogue by Jacob Calof, Rachel's youngest child, and two essays, one by J. Sanford Rikoon, the other by Elizabeth Jameson. Jacob Calof's comments confirm the strength and courage we find in his mother's words.

The essays lend significant context to the narrative. Rikoon gives a concise and informative explanation of the history of Jewish families that left Russia and eastern Europe to settle on farms in the Heartland. Jameson's analysis places Rachel's narrative in historical perspective and emphasizes the importance of recognizing diversities of ethnicity, class, and gender in the interpretation …

Review Of Education For Extinction: American Indians And The Boarding School Experience, 1875-1928 By David Wallace Adams, Rebecca Dobkins

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Adams makes a number of important contributions, including raising several significant topics deserving further investigation: the local consequences of tension between centralization and decentralization in the boarding school system, the connections between the movement for compulsory education for Indians and for the U.S. school-age public at large, and the relationship between the schools' project of Indian assimilation and American nationalism of the time, particularly the drive to make citizens out of the immigrant "melting pot." In addition, Adams's research, building upon that of many other scholars, demonstrates that the Indian boarding school experience offers rich ethnographic and historical material for …

Recasting Epic Tradition The Dispossessed As Hero In Sandoz's Crazy Horse And Cheyenne Autumn, Lisa R. Lindell

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Although Mari Sandoz is perhaps best known for the biography of her Nebraska pioneer father, Old Jules (1935), her two other biographies, Crazy Horse: The Strange Man of the Oglalas (1942) and Cheyenne Autumn (1953), equally convey her distinctive historical vision of the American West. In these two works, Sandoz rewrites traditional epic formula, taking the perspective of the dispossessed Lakotas and Cheyennes and recounting not the growth and expansion of a culture, but its conquest. In spite of material defeat at the hands of dominant white society, her Native American leaders assume heroic stature, striving against all odds to …

The Missouri River Basin On The 1795 Soulard Map A Cartographic Landmark, W. Raymond Wood

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

The publication in 1814 of Nicholas Biddle's edition of the explorations of Lewis and Clark was accompanied by a remarkable map. This chart, drafted by Samuel Lewis from an 1810 manuscript map by William Clark, synopsized the expedition's many detailed route maps across the continent, plus significant post-expeditionary information. l This landmark document was the first to portray the Missouri River valley in a realistic configuration, and it set the stage for modern conceptions of the heartland of the continent.

African Americans And The Great Plains An Introduction, Keith D. Parker

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

During 23-25 February 1995 the Center for Great Plains Studies at the University of Nebraska- Lincoln sponsored its nineteenth annual interdisciplinary symposium, "African Americans and the Great Plains." The conference, attended by more than 300 people from throughout the United States and Canada, sought to highlight African Americans' role in Great Plains culture by looking at their contributions in various areas such as agriculture, anthropology, archeology, art, biology, dance, education, history, literature, medicine, music, photography, religion, sports, theater, and urban studies. The four papers in this issue of the Great Plains Quarterly were selected to illuminate the diversity of roles …

Review Of The Amazing Death Of Calf Shirt And Other Blackfoot Stories By Hugh A. Dempsey, Gregory R. Campbell

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Every Native American society has elders who recount the traditions of their people. Some of these traditions are purely religious in nature, explaining their universe and their place in it. Other oral traditions often impart life's lessons, providing a cultural road map for living in a particular society. Still other accounts concern historical events involving prominent men and women. These traditions provide each member of a society with a sense of his or her own collective history and cultural identity. The Amazing Death of Calf Shirt and Other Blackfoot Stories is such a collection of historical accounts, a compilation of …

A Department-Based Approach To Developing Teaching Portfolios: Perspectives For Faculty Developers, Milton D. Cox

To Improve the Academy: A Journal of Educational Development

The Department-Based Teaching Portfolio Project, now in its third year at Miami University, provides departments the flexibility to design and implement teaching development processes that honor the diversity of disciplines, departmental cultures, and leadership styles of department project coordinators. This approach has generated an interesting variety of departmental processes and results, for example, in the use of off-campus consultants and in the manner in which teaching portfolios are developed. Based upon the outcomes of the Project, 20 recommendations inform faculty developers in their roles as department developers.

Dan Tries Problem-Based Learning: A Case Study, Harold B. White Iii

To Improve the Academy: A Journal of Educational Development

Problem-based learning approaches to education often generate justifiable enthusiasm among faculty who have become frustrated with the limitations of traditional lecture-based education. However, faculty contemplating a change to a problem-based format rarely anticipate the many practical difficulties that can destroy one's enthusiasm and create chaos in the classroom. This case study, about the trials and tribulations of a fictional anthropology professor, attempts to alert faculty who are interested in trying the method to some of the unexpected challenges they might encounter.

Describing And Comparing Archaeological Spatial Structures, Luann Wandsnider

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

Quantitative archaeological spatial analysis today is radically different from that introduced more than 20 years ago. Today spatial analysis is couched in more general formational terms that include earlier functional pursuits. Today spatial analysts (1) focus on individual formationally sensitive artifact or element attributes, rather than on types; (2) use distributional rather than partitive methods and techniques; (3) consider a suite of such attributes to construct the formational history of archaeological deposits; and, least commonly, (4) undertake comparative spatial analysis. An elaboration of the latter tactic is proposed here, that of characterizing spatial structure in terms of structural elements (or …

Cattle, Co-Wives, Children, And Calabashes: Material Context For Symbol Use Among The Il Chamus Of West-Central Kenya, Alan J. Osborn

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

This paper examines systemic contexts for symbol use among the Maa-speaking Il Chamus in the Lake Baringo region of west-central Kenya. The systemic context for symbols and material culture consists of the environmental constraints and behavioral responses that characterize pastoralist life in East Africa. The author's interest in this problem developed in response to Ian Hodder’s work among the Il Chamus, Pokot, and Tugen in the Baringo District. Unlike Hodder, however, the author argues that symbols and their use in East Africa can be more productively explained from a materialist perspective. Specifically, it is proposed that symbols affixed to certain …