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Ecological Process And The Blister Rust Epidemic: Cone Production, Cone Predation, And Seed Dispersal In Whitebark Pine (Pinus Albicaulis), Shawn Thomas Mckinney Jan 2007

Ecological Process And The Blister Rust Epidemic: Cone Production, Cone Predation, And Seed Dispersal In Whitebark Pine (Pinus Albicaulis), Shawn Thomas Mckinney

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis), a high elevation foundation species, is experiencing population declines throughout the northern part of its range. The introduced fungal pathogen, Cronartium ribicola (white pine blister rust), infects whitebark pine and kills cone-bearing branches and trees. Blister rust has spread nearly rangewide and damage and mortality are highest in the northwest US and southwest Canada. Mortality caused by mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) population upsurges, and successional replacement and loss of regeneration opportunities from fire suppression, are also impacting some whitebark pine populations. Within this dissertation, I present three manuscripts that address the impact of whitebark pine's …

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Hormonal Mediation Of A Unique Behavioral Polymorphism In The White-Throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia Albicollis), Meredith Bettencourt Swett Jan 2007

Hormonal Mediation Of A Unique Behavioral Polymorphism In The White-Throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia Albicollis), Meredith Bettencourt Swett

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

In this body of work, I examine how testosterone (T) physiology mediates the life-history trade-off between mating effort and parental care in the White-throated Sparrow. This species exhibits a behavioral polymorphism that occurs in both sexes. White-striped (WS) morphs are more territorially aggressive, sing more frequently and seek more extra-pair copulations. Tan-striped (TS) morphs provision nestlings more frequently. Thus this species roughly illustrates the trade-off between mating effort and parental care. I examine T physiology on three levels: plasma titres, binding globulins and response to the social environment. I ask whether levels of T correlate with morph-specific behavior and does …

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A Reanalysis Of Boas’S Hebrew Immigrant Data: Comparisons Of Foreign-Born And Us-Born Children Living In Early 20th Century America, Margaret Rose Kress Jan 2007

A Reanalysis Of Boas’S Hebrew Immigrant Data: Comparisons Of Foreign-Born And Us-Born Children Living In Early 20th Century America, Margaret Rose Kress

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

This research paper uses data observed on Hebrew immigrant populations collected by the anthropologist Franz Boas and coworkers between 1909 and 1910. Boas was asked by the United States Immigration Commission to write a report that examined how the influx of European immigrants into the United States might affect the morphology of the American population. Seeing this as a chance to undermine racial typologies, Boas took many measurements of immigrants and their children and concluded that observed changes between foreign-born and US-born children were a result of the move into a new environment. Recent research has demonstrated that the Hebrew …

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Assessment Of Potential Agroforestry Systems For Kafuta: A Village In The Western Division Of The Gambia, Justina Marie Toth Jan 2007

Assessment Of Potential Agroforestry Systems For Kafuta: A Village In The Western Division Of The Gambia, Justina Marie Toth

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Toth, Justina M. M.S. December 2007 Resource Conservation ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS FOR KAFUTA: A VILLAGE IN THE WESTERN DIVISION OF THE GAMBIA Committee Chair: John Goodburn Extensive interviews with a sample of 21 government and non-governmental workers in the natural resource field, as well as random surveys of 18 households (i.e. 18 women and 16 men) in the Western Division village of Kafuta are employed to help inform the following central research question: What agroforestry systems are the most appropriate for the village of Kafuta, given the regions unique physical, biological and socioeconomic conditions? With these two qualitative …

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Examining The Relationship Of Physical Activity With Inflammation And Cardiovascular Disease Risk, Coral Michelle Gubler Jan 2007

Examining The Relationship Of Physical Activity With Inflammation And Cardiovascular Disease Risk, Coral Michelle Gubler

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for 37.1 percent of all deaths in the United States. Physical activity is inversely related to both CV event risk and to many of the individual CVD risk factors. The inverse relationship between physical activity and CVD risk is well established. However, much dispute remains about the optimal physical activity intensity and duration related to health benefits and to lower CVD risk. The ability to objectively measure intensity and duration may clarify the inverse relationship between physical activity and CVD. The purpose of this collection of studies was to explore the association of physical activity with …

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President's Report, 2007, University Of Montana (Missoula, Mont.). Office Of The President Jan 2007

President's Report, 2007, University Of Montana (Missoula, Mont.). Office Of The President

University of Montana President’s Report, 1993-2016

The President’s Report of the University of Montana, produced by University Relations on behalf of the President’s Office.

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Effects Of Long-Term Strenuous Exercise On Oxidative Dna Damage And Proteinuria In Humans, Nobuo Yasuda Jan 2007

Effects Of Long-Term Strenuous Exercise On Oxidative Dna Damage And Proteinuria In Humans, Nobuo Yasuda

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The purpose of this study consisting of three projects was to determine the effects of long-term strenuous exercise on oxidative DNA damage and proteinuria in trained individuals. In the first project, four successive triathlons accompanied by long-term training in a triathlete was chosen as the experimental design and procedure. In the second project, repeated 5-h bouts of cycling exercise at 52 %VO2peak and a 40 km time trial with carbohydrate and potential antioxidant supplementation (fenugreek seed extract) were carried out with trained individuals. In the third project, a wildland firefighting three-day work shift was conducted with active duty military personnel. …

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Beyond Organic: Defining Alternatives To Usda Certified Organic, Jennifer Ann Von Sehlen Jan 2007

Beyond Organic: Defining Alternatives To Usda Certified Organic, Jennifer Ann Von Sehlen

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Since the inception of the National Organic Program (NOP) housed within the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the substantial growth of the organic food market has garnered both enthusiasm and criticism. While large farm operations and food companies boast a significant reduction in the use of pesticides and synthetic fertilizers as a result of more crop land being converted to organic production, small-scale organic farmers are feeling the financial pinch as industry takes over the once niche market. The USDA has received much criticism for defining organic in a way that appears to favor special interests, including industrial-size organic …

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A Comprehensive Case Report Of University Of Montana Forensic Collection Case #141, Yasuko Takebe Jan 2007

A Comprehensive Case Report Of University Of Montana Forensic Collection Case #141, Yasuko Takebe

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

UMFC case #141 was acqired in spring 2006, as a commercially prepared anatomical specimen, reportedly from the Peoples Republic of China. It is a nealy complete skeleton that exhibits severe trauma of hte lower limbs. I reviewed the literature on methods of estimating age from the skeleton, because age is difficult to estimate for this case nad presents an interesting challenge. I then proceeded to estimate sex, ancestry, age, stature, and weight. I conclude that UMFC #141 is a White male, 39 to 45 years old, 5'0" to 5'4" in height, 110 to 161 pounds in weight. Healed fractures of …

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The Role Of Zinc And Reactive Oxygen Species In The Regulation Of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase, Jason Michael Wilham Jan 2007

The Role Of Zinc And Reactive Oxygen Species In The Regulation Of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase, Jason Michael Wilham

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a very serious disease affecting nearly 5 in 1000 newborns each year. The development of PPHN has been linked to a decrease in the activity and expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Thus, it is critical to understand the mechanisms by which eNOS is regulated to identify new pathways and novel therapies for PPHN. eNOS is dynamically regulated at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, post-translational, and developmental levels, however mechanisms of this regulation are unresolved. Our data indicates that increases in eNOS expression and activity correlate with increased cellular levels of labile zinc …

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Reducing Dental Mercury Discharge In Missoula, Montana: Collaborative Opportunities, Jamie Elaine Silberberger Jan 2007

Reducing Dental Mercury Discharge In Missoula, Montana: Collaborative Opportunities, Jamie Elaine Silberberger

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The purpose of this paper is to provide assistance in developing a program to control the release of dental mercury amalgam in Missoula, Montana. To do this, three research components were carried out. The first consisted of a survey to determine whether Missoula dentists are following the American Dental Association’s (ADA) recommended Best Management Practices (BMPs) for mercury amalgam waste. The second component involved interviewing local dentists in an effort to include their voice in the process, as well as to determine what may motivate them to comply with a dental mercury control program. The final component of research involved …

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Role Of Sodium Arsenite In Atherogenesis, Flavia Elias Pereira Jan 2007

Role Of Sodium Arsenite In Atherogenesis, Flavia Elias Pereira

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Epidemiological studies as well as controlled animal studies have associated exposure to arsenic through drinking water with the development of atherosclerosis. In this study, we have shown for the first time that low and environmentally relevant concentrations of arsenic accelerate atherogenesis. The objective of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms of arsenic-induced atherosclerosis by (1) characterizing the time- and concentration-dependent effects of sodium arsenite [As(III)] on the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- /LDLr-/- mice, (2) determining whether As(III)-induced peroxynitrite activates protein kinase C (PKC) isotypes, α and β, in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) and (3) determining the effects …

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Maternal Effects And Sexual Selection In The Heliconia Bug, Leptoscelis Tricolor (Hemiptera: Coreidae), Christine Whitney Miller Jan 2007

Maternal Effects And Sexual Selection In The Heliconia Bug, Leptoscelis Tricolor (Hemiptera: Coreidae), Christine Whitney Miller

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The early environment experienced by organisms can have significant phenotypic effects that persist throughout life. Parents, mothers in particular, commonly determine these early environments. Maternal effects, or the influence of maternal phenotypes on offspring phenotypes, are therefore likely ubiquitous in natural populations. However, the frequency and evolutionary consequences of maternal effects are largely unknown. Here I show that maternal phenotypes can have large effects on offspring morphology, fecundity, and behavior. I theoretically explore the potential for these effects to resolve the long-standing "lek paradox" in the field of sexual selection. I also empirically investigate these effects in the heliconia bug, …

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Action-Oriented Sustainable Agriculture Education: Attitudes Towards Nutrition And Agricultural Practices In Guaimaca, Honduras, Sarah Lynne Potenza Jan 2007

Action-Oriented Sustainable Agriculture Education: Attitudes Towards Nutrition And Agricultural Practices In Guaimaca, Honduras, Sarah Lynne Potenza

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Agricultural policies and global economic forces negatively affect many small-scale farmers in developing countries, resulting in widespread micronutrient malnutrition and environmental degradation. This study explores the connections between these issues, and the efficacy of using participatory education on sustainable agriculture to address them at a local level. Specifically, it evaluates an action-oriented education and sustainable agriculture program in Honduras, from the perspective of the participants and my own participation, as a means to improve agricultural practices and rural nutrition among subsistence farmers. As in many developing countries, access to land, poor soil conditions, steep hillsides, adverse climatic conditions, and limited …

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Conservation Of Leopards In Ayubia National Park, Pakistan, Asad Lodhi Jan 2007

Conservation Of Leopards In Ayubia National Park, Pakistan, Asad Lodhi

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Lodhi, Asad M.S. May 2007 Wildlife Biology Conservation of leopard in Ayubia National Park, Pakistan Committee Chair: Dr. Daniel H. Pletscher Large carnivores are important for biodiversity and ecosystem function, yet are very difficult to conserve because of their large home ranges and conflicts with humans. I examined human-leopard conflicts in and near Ayubia National Park, Pakistan, to provide management recommendations for the conservation of leopards. Persecution of leopards by humans has been on the rise primarily due to depredation on livestock and risk to human lives. Since 1989, 16 humans have either been killed or injured in and around …

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A Modern Examination Of Marcus Goldstein’S Mexican Immigrant Population Data: Comparisons Of Mexican-Born And U.S.-Born Children And Adults Living In 1930’S America And Mexico, Amanda Katelin Gango Jan 2007

A Modern Examination Of Marcus Goldstein’S Mexican Immigrant Population Data: Comparisons Of Mexican-Born And U.S.-Born Children And Adults Living In 1930’S America And Mexico, Amanda Katelin Gango

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Modern statistical methods were employed in order to test the statistical validity and conclusions of Marcus Goldstein’s (1943) original data consisting of nineteen different anthropometric measurements on two different groups of individuals, Mexican immigrants and their children residing in the San Antonio, Texas area and Mexican natives living in central and northern Mexico. Using independent samples T-tests, an analysis of covariance, and an RMET analysis, significant differences among variables compared between Mexican natives and Mexican immigrants and their U.S. born children were identified and interpreted. Variation was attributed to geographical location and length of time spent in the United States. …

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Free Living Nitrogen-Fixation In Ponderosa Pine/Douglas-Fir Forests In Western Montana, Tricia Burgoyne Jan 2007

Free Living Nitrogen-Fixation In Ponderosa Pine/Douglas-Fir Forests In Western Montana, Tricia Burgoyne

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Nitrogen (N) is a primary limiting nutrient in all ecosystems. Therefore, a thorough understanding of N cycling processes in forest ecosystems is required to minimize N losses to fire, harvesting, and other forms of land management. The influence of fire, fire exclusion and forest restoration treatments on non-symbiotic N-fixation in the forest ecosystem has been poorly studied. Over the past 100 years, fire has been greatly excluded from low elevation, fire maintained forests as a result of active fire suppression as well as land management activities that create discontinuities in landscape fire patterns. Previous studies have shown this activity to …

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Moving Boxes Closer To Home: The Role Of Sysco Corporation In Food System Localization, David Scott Kennedy Jan 2007

Moving Boxes Closer To Home: The Role Of Sysco Corporation In Food System Localization, David Scott Kennedy

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Increasing demand for local food by foodservice establishments creates new opportunities and challenges for the local food movement. While there is considerable potential for local suppliers to sell more product volume closer to home, the business needs of foodservice establishments may not be compatible with direct marketing approaches that have fueled the growth of the movement. Foodservice establishments typically rely on distributors to provide them with the majority of their food. Drawing on the success of direct marketing, new indirect marketing approaches that link producers and consumers through intermediaries are increasingly advanced within food system localization. The dominance of SYSCO …

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Multi-Partner Mutualisms: Interactions Among The Mountain Pine Beetle And Two Ophiostomatoid Fungal Associates, Katherine Patricia Bleiker Jan 2007

Multi-Partner Mutualisms: Interactions Among The Mountain Pine Beetle And Two Ophiostomatoid Fungal Associates, Katherine Patricia Bleiker

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

I investigated interactions between the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) and its two main ophiostomatoid fungal associates,Grosmannia clavigera and Ophiostoma montium, as well as interactions between the two fungi. The main research questions were: What drives bark beetle fungal interactions? What is the nature of the interaction between the two species of fungi? I tested the hypothesis that the fungi provide nutritional benefits to the bark beetles. Evidence suggests a nutritional role of fungi in the diet of bark beetles because beetles emerging from attacked trees carrying G. clavigera were larger than beetles carrying O. montium, which in turn were …

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No Simple Tradeoffs: Centaurea Plants From America Are Better Competitors And Defenders Than Plants From The Native Range, Wendy Margaree Ridenour Jan 2007

No Simple Tradeoffs: Centaurea Plants From America Are Better Competitors And Defenders Than Plants From The Native Range, Wendy Margaree Ridenour

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Two non-mutually exclusive hypotheses for invasive success have important evolutionary implications. The 'natural enemies' hypothesis posits that exotic invaders explode in abundance because they are not suppressed by specialist herbivore consumers in their invaded range. The 'novel weapons' hypothesis posits that exotic invaders explode in abundance because they possess biochemicals that are more effective against evolutionarily naïve plants, microbes, and generalist herbivores than against those species that have evolved tolerance in their communities of origin. I explored the potential for novel allelopathic or herbivore defense biochemicals as a potential alternative mechanism to tradeoff-driven evolution of increased competitive ability in invasive …

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Do Sagebrush Density And Vegetation Condition Affect Demography Of Brewer's Sparrows Nesting In The Blackfoot Valley?, Masanori Abe Jan 2007

Do Sagebrush Density And Vegetation Condition Affect Demography Of Brewer's Sparrows Nesting In The Blackfoot Valley?, Masanori Abe

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Vegetation condition can influence habitat quality by altering food abundance, predator abundance and species composition, and microclimate. In some habitats, livestock grazing alters vegetation condition in ways that affect the breeding success of passerines. Most sagebrush-dominated habitats have been heavily grazed by livestock, and the total area of sagebrush has declined substantially. Owing to this habitat loss and change, numbers of various sagebrush-obligate birds have declined, the Brewer's Sparrow among them. I examined the effects of cattle grazing on Brewer's Sparrow reproduction. Grazed plots, at the study-site scale, were characterized by higher potential nest-sagebrush density, and canopy cover, a higher …

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Muscle Glycogenolysis And Resynthesis In Response To A Half Ironman Triathlon: A Case Study, Trevor L. Gullum, Charles Dumke, Brent Ruby Dec 2006

Muscle Glycogenolysis And Resynthesis In Response To A Half Ironman Triathlon: A Case Study, Trevor L. Gullum, Charles Dumke, Brent Ruby

Integrative Physiology and Athletic Training Faculty Publications

Purpose : To describe the degrees of muscle-glycogen depletion and resynthesis in response to a half Ironman triathlon. Methods: One male subject (38 years of age) completed the Grand Columbian half Ironman triathlon ( 1.9-km swim, 90-km bike, 21.1-km run, Coulee City, Wash). Three muscle biopsies were obtained from his right vastus lateralis (prerace, immediately postrace, and 4 hours postrace). Prerace and postrace body weight were recorded, in addition to macronutrient consumption before, during, and after the race. Energy expenditure and whole-body substrate oxidation were estimated from linear regression established from laboratory trials (watts and run pace relative to VO(2) …

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Reconciling Carbon-Cycle Concepts, Terminology, And Methods, F. S. Chapin Iii, G. M. Woodwell, J. Randerson, E. B. Rastetter, G. M. Lovett, Dennis Baldocchi, D. A. Clark, M. E. Harmon, D. S. Schimel, R. Valentini, C. Wirth, J. D. Aber, J. J. Cole, M. L. Goulden, J. W. Harden, M. Heimann, Robert W. Howarth, P. A. Matson, A. D. Mcguire, Jerry M. Melillo, H. A. Mooney, J. C. Neff, R. A. Houghton, M. L. Pace, M. G. Ryan, Steven W. Running, Osvaldo E. Sala, W. H. Schlesinger, E. D. Schulze Nov 2006

Reconciling Carbon-Cycle Concepts, Terminology, And Methods, F. S. Chapin Iii, G. M. Woodwell, J. Randerson, E. B. Rastetter, G. M. Lovett, Dennis Baldocchi, D. A. Clark, M. E. Harmon, D. S. Schimel, R. Valentini, C. Wirth, J. D. Aber, J. J. Cole, M. L. Goulden, J. W. Harden, M. Heimann, Robert W. Howarth, P. A. Matson, A. D. Mcguire, Jerry M. Melillo, H. A. Mooney, J. C. Neff, R. A. Houghton, M. L. Pace, M. G. Ryan, Steven W. Running, Osvaldo E. Sala, W. H. Schlesinger, E. D. Schulze

Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group Publications

Recent projections of climatic change have focused a great deal of scientific and public attention on patterns of carbon (C) cycling as well as its controls, particularly the factors that determine whether an ecosystem is a net source or sink of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Net ecosystem production (NEP), a central concept in C-cycling research, has been used by scientists to represent two different concepts. We propose that NEP be restricted to just one of its two original definitions-the imbalance between gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER). We further propose that a new term-net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB)-be …

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Documents From The October 25, 2006 Meeting Of The Associated Students Of The University Of Montana (Asum), University Of Montana--Missoula. Associated Students Oct 2006

Documents From The October 25, 2006 Meeting Of The Associated Students Of The University Of Montana (Asum), University Of Montana--Missoula. Associated Students

ASUM Senate Documents, 1919-2007

Documents from the October 25, 2006 meeting of the Associated Students of the University of Montana (ASUM), including an agenda and meeting minutes with associated exhibit documents.

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Montana Kaimin, October 12, 2006, Students Of The University Of Montana, Missoula Oct 2006

Montana Kaimin, October 12, 2006, Students Of The University Of Montana, Missoula

Montana Kaimin, 1898-present

Student newspaper of the University of Montana, Missoula.

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Frequent Fire Alters Nitrogen Transformations In Ponderosa Pine Stands Of The Inland Northwest, Thomas H. Gremer, Anna Sala Oct 2006

Frequent Fire Alters Nitrogen Transformations In Ponderosa Pine Stands Of The Inland Northwest, Thomas H. Gremer, Anna Sala

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Recurrent, low-severity fire in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa)linterior Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca) forests is thought to have directly influenced nitrogen (N) cycling and availability. However, no studies to date have investigated the influence of natural fire intervals on soil processes in undisturbed forests, thereby limiting our ability to understand ecological processes and successional dynamics in this important ecosystem of the Rocky Mountain West. Here, we tested the standing hypothesis that recurrent fire in ponderosa pine/Douglas-fir forests of the Inland Northwest decreases total soil N, but increases N turnover and nutrient availability. We compared soils in stands unburned over the …

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Invasion Through Quantitative Effects: Intense Shade Drives Native Decline And Invasive Success, Kurt O. Reinhart, Julie Gurnee, Reyes Tirado, Ragan M. Callaway Oct 2006

Invasion Through Quantitative Effects: Intense Shade Drives Native Decline And Invasive Success, Kurt O. Reinhart, Julie Gurnee, Reyes Tirado, Ragan M. Callaway

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The effects of invasive nonnative species on community composition are well documented. However, few studies have determined the mechanisms by which invaders drive these changes. The literature indicates that many nonnative plant species alter light availability differently than natives in a given community, suggesting that shading may be such a mechanism. We compared light quantity (photosynthetically active radiation, PAR) and quality (red : far-red ratio, R:Fr) in riparian reaches heavily invaded by a nonnative tree (Acer platanoides) to that in an uninvaded forest and experimentally tested the effects of our measured differences in PAR and R:Fr on the …

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Montana Business Quarterly, Fall 2006, University Of Montana--Missoula. Bureau Of Business And Economic Research Oct 2006

Montana Business Quarterly, Fall 2006, University Of Montana--Missoula. Bureau Of Business And Economic Research

Montana Business Quarterly, 1949-2021

This is an academic publication produced by the Bureau of Business and Economic Research (BBER) at the University of Montana’s College of Business. This is volume 44, number 3.

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Montana Kaimin, September 15, 2006, Students Of The University Of Montana, Missoula Sep 2006

Montana Kaimin, September 15, 2006, Students Of The University Of Montana, Missoula

Montana Kaimin, 1898-present

Student newspaper of the University of Montana, Missoula.

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Blood Leukocyte Mrna Expression For Il-10, Il-1ra, And Il-8, But Not Il-6, Increases After Exercise, David Nieman, Dru Henson, J. Mark Davis, Charles Dumke, Alan C. Utter, E. Angela Murphy, Steven Pearce, Greg Gojanovich, Steven R. Mcanulty, Lisa S. Mcanulty Sep 2006

Blood Leukocyte Mrna Expression For Il-10, Il-1ra, And Il-8, But Not Il-6, Increases After Exercise, David Nieman, Dru Henson, J. Mark Davis, Charles Dumke, Alan C. Utter, E. Angela Murphy, Steven Pearce, Greg Gojanovich, Steven R. Mcanulty, Lisa S. Mcanulty

Integrative Physiology and Athletic Training Faculty Publications

The primary purpose of this project was to study exercise-induced leukocyte cytokine mRNA expression. Changes in plasma cytokine levels and blood leukocyte mRNA expression for interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, IL- 10, and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) were measured in 12 athletes following 2 h of intensive cycling (64% Wattsmax) while ingesting a carbohydrate or placebo beverage (randomized and double blinded). Blood samples were collected 30 min preexercise and immediately and 1 h postexercise. Carbohydate compared with placebo ingestion attenuated exercise-induced changes in plasma cortisol (8.8% vs. 62%, respectively), epinephrine (–9.2% vs. 138%), IL-6 (10-fold vs. 40-fold), IL-10 (8.9-fold vs. …

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