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Cranberry Metabolites With Urinary Anti-Adhesion Activity, Christina M. Coleman Jan 2014

Cranberry Metabolites With Urinary Anti-Adhesion Activity, Christina M. Coleman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The fruit of the American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton, Ericaceae) is a comfood and a top selling dietary supplement in the U.S. Cranberry juice is traditionally used for the prevention of urinary tract infections (UTIs), many of which are caused by P-fimbriated Escherichia coli. Human urine produced after cranberry juice consumption can prevent E. coli adhesion, but the urinary metabolites responsible for this activity are currently not known. High-molecular weight components of cranberry juice, specifically proanthocyanidin oligomers (PACs), are currently believed to be responsible for the ability of cranberry juice to prevent UTIs. Cranberry PACs can prevent the adherence of …

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Structure, Synthesis And Biological Activity Of Harmful Algal Bloom Toxins From Karlodinium Sp. And Exploration Of Microbial Derived Natural Products, Amanda Leigh Waters Jan 2014

Structure, Synthesis And Biological Activity Of Harmful Algal Bloom Toxins From Karlodinium Sp. And Exploration Of Microbial Derived Natural Products, Amanda Leigh Waters

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This work features natural products isolated from both the marine and microbial environments. Part I focuses on the elucidation of toxins from harmful algal blooms (HAB). The HAB dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum produces a harmful suite of molecules identified as the karlotoxins (KmTx) that have been implicated in massive fish kills pan-globally. Nine new karlotoxin congeners were isolated from various Karlodinium blooms around the world and utilizing the structure of KmTx2 were characterized using overlaid 2D NMR techniques. Due to the contrasting conformational differences between KmTx and the closely related amphidinols, the absolute configuration of KmTx was further evaluated by extensive …

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Evaluating Values, Mindfulness, And Working Alliance: Exploring The Effects Of Short, Specific Techniques, Regan Slater Jan 2014

Evaluating Values, Mindfulness, And Working Alliance: Exploring The Effects Of Short, Specific Techniques, Regan Slater

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Comfactors research indicates that there is a positive relationship between therapeutic relationship and improved client outcomes. However, little research has been done to examine the nature of this relationship. The current study examined the relationship among values, mindfulness, and working alliance. This study used different specific interventions and examined the interventions' impact on values and mindfulness. The study also examined whether changes in values and mindfulness led to differences in working alliance ratings. Participants were 66 undergraduate students and were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: mindfulness plus values, mindfulness, or control. The participants were then led in a …

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Eleven Criminals: Stories, Brendan Steffen Jan 2014

Eleven Criminals: Stories, Brendan Steffen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This is a work of fiction about criminality and masculinity. It explores all kinds of crimes, both real and imagined.

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Intranasal Delivery Of Therapeutics Targeted To Csf And Brain, Prashanth Manda Jan 2014

Intranasal Delivery Of Therapeutics Targeted To Csf And Brain, Prashanth Manda

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Blood-brain barrier and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier limit the systemic delivery of therapeutics to the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) respectively. Therapeutic agents targeting CNS are currently being administered by invasive routes which are not patient compliant and do not allow frequent administration. Intranasal delivery of therapeutics to target CSF and brain is a noninvasive route of administration which is patient compliant and allows frequent administration. In the current study, the plausibility of delivering ziconotide and cefotaxime to CSF and brain respectively via intranasal pathway using barrier modulating agents like chitosan was investigated. The ability of chitosan to enhance the permeation …

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Characterization Of Prolylcarboxypeptidase Expression Pattern In Rat Cardiomyocytes In Nutrition Overload Conditions, Tahmineh Tabrizian Jan 2014

Characterization Of Prolylcarboxypeptidase Expression Pattern In Rat Cardiomyocytes In Nutrition Overload Conditions, Tahmineh Tabrizian

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Prolylcarboxypeptidase (PRCP) is a serine protease that cleaves the last amino acid at the carboxy-terminus of peptides with a penultimate proline such as angiotensin II (Ang II), angiotensin III (Ang III), prekallikrein (PK) and α-melanocyte-stimulating-hormone (1-13) (α-MSH1-13). By inactivating Ang II and Ang III, PRCP promotes vasodilation and insulin sensitivity. As well by activating PK, PRCP increases nitric oxide (NO) generation and vasorelaxation through bradykinin (BK) liberation from high molecular weight kininogen (HK). PK is activated to kallikrein by PRCP, implicating a role for PRCP in the coagulation pathway. The resultant kallikrein will activate FXII which in a reciprocal manner …

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Secondary Metabolite Production By An Endophytic Bacillus Sp. From Platanus Occidentalis, Michael C. James Jan 2014

Secondary Metabolite Production By An Endophytic Bacillus Sp. From Platanus Occidentalis, Michael C. James

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Endophytes are bacterial and fungal microbes that live inside of plant tissue without causing disease. Endophytes have applications in many industries including the pharmaceutical and food industries as producers of natural products. This potential was demonstrated by investigating the natural product production from a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens endophyte of Platanus occidentalis using a combination of MALDI-IMS, LC-MS, MS-MS, and NMR methods, by purifying nicotianamine from soy flour, and by reviewing natural product inhibitors of the hepatitis C virus (HCV). The secondary metabolite production of the endophytic B. amyloliquefaciens was investigated under a variety of fermentation conditions. It was discovered that the …

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Measurement Of Anhedonia In The Chick Anxiety-Depression Model, Amy L. Salmeto-Johnson Jan 2014

Measurement Of Anhedonia In The Chick Anxiety-Depression Model, Amy L. Salmeto-Johnson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Anhedonia, the loss of pleasure in previously pleasurable activities, is one of the cardinal features of depression. To further validate the chick anxiety-depression model, the current study aimed at quantifying anhedonia as well its reversal with pharmaceuticals. The first goal was to identify a measure to quantify the display of anhedonia in chicks following exposure to an isolation stressor, the chick anxiety-depression model. All experiments involved a baseline and test measurement either after removal from the home cage (No Test) or exposure to the isolation apparatus with conspecifics and mirrors (Social) or individually (Isolated). Experiment 1 used a straight maze …

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Obesity Related Perturbations On Cardiovascular, Immune And Endocrine Response To Active And Passive Stress, Ashley Elizabeth Burch Jan 2014

Obesity Related Perturbations On Cardiovascular, Immune And Endocrine Response To Active And Passive Stress, Ashley Elizabeth Burch

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

As the obesity epidemic increases, the prevalence of obesity-related diseases grows simultaneously. The internal environment of chronic low-grade inflammation, which characterizes obesity, leaves individuals vulnerable to disease. Cardiovascular dysfunction represents a consequential effect of obesity. An early indicator of cardiovascular disease is an impaired stress response. Further, the type of stress (active versus passive) may be differentially affected representing additional distinctions in impairment. In the present study, we have used two types of stress (active and passive) to investigate obesity-instigated alterations in cardiovascular, immune and endocrine response to stress. In addition, we have evaluated how these systems may overlap to …

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Elemental Fingerprinting Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry And Chemometrics: Application To Environmental Science And Provenance Studies, Lorlyn Paquibot Reidy Jan 2014

Elemental Fingerprinting Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry And Chemometrics: Application To Environmental Science And Provenance Studies, Lorlyn Paquibot Reidy

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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Dis Connect, Bradley Scott Luke Jan 2014

Dis Connect, Bradley Scott Luke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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Entities With Oil And Gas Producing Activities,January 1, 2014; Audit And Accounting Guide, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants (Aicpa) Jan 2014

Entities With Oil And Gas Producing Activities,January 1, 2014; Audit And Accounting Guide, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants (Aicpa)

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.

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Mercury In Fish In North Mississippi Reservoirs: Statistical Analysis And Risk Assessment, Stacy Wolff Jan 2014

Mercury In Fish In North Mississippi Reservoirs: Statistical Analysis And Risk Assessment, Stacy Wolff

Honors Theses

Mercury (Hg) is a pollutant of particular concern because it is wide-spread, persistent, and poses a serious risk to human health. Once released into the atmosphere, it cycles through the environment by a series of complex biogeochemical processes. Upon deposition to aquatic ecosystems, inorganic mercury can be transformed to methylmercury by microorganisms. Methylmercury is a known human neurotoxin that can bioacculmulate in fish tissue and biomagnify up aquatic food chains. Consumption of contaminated fish is the primary route of human exposure to methylmercury. The Mississippi Department of Health has issued fish consumption advisories for Grenada and Enid Lakes in the …

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Organic Farming In France: À La Mode Or A Mode Of Life?, Ellen L. Mallette Jan 2014

Organic Farming In France: À La Mode Or A Mode Of Life?, Ellen L. Mallette

Honors Theses

Organic farming, as opposed to conventional or traditional farming that employs the use of chemicals, is a method that was begun in the middle of the twentieth century, shortly after the end of World War II. In many ways it is a return to farming practices that were conducted for centuries until about the late 1800's when pesticides and fertilizers were introduced. The rise of organic farming has been occurring all over the world to varying degrees over the past few decades. The French have always had a strong connection to agriculture, food, and the preservation of tradition, so organic …

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Integrated Conservation And Development Projects (Icdps): Characteristics Of Success And Recommendations For Implementation, Emory Smith Jan 2014

Integrated Conservation And Development Projects (Icdps): Characteristics Of Success And Recommendations For Implementation, Emory Smith

Honors Theses

The aim of this study is to investigate integrated conservation and development projects (ICDPs) and to help improve their future implementation by identifying the underlying philosophies that make ICDPs successful. Conserving natural ecosystems in developing regions is important, but it is difficult because local people use those ecosystems for their sustenance and are not capable of forgoing that use unless some other means exists for them to earn a living. Consequently, ICDP emerged in the early 1990's as a means to both conserve natural resources and provide economic development for the local people. This thesis provides an in-depth analysis of …

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Effects Of Globalization On The Use Of The Mediterranean Diet In Spain, Jacob J. Mcgee Jan 2014

Effects Of Globalization On The Use Of The Mediterranean Diet In Spain, Jacob J. Mcgee

Honors Theses

Spain is known for its sandy beaches, vibrant nightlife, and incredible foods. The Mediterranean diet of Spain is praised for its health benefits, but recently it appears that the population has begun to turn away from their original diet. Studies have shown that the Spanish have been experiencing a constant culture change due to globalization since the 1950s when the General Francisco Franco allowed the technocrats to have some control over the government. With a new economic policy, new people and their new ideas flooded the country bring with them their cultures. These cultures influenced the Spanish life changing many …

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Performance And Stability For Room Temperature Ionic Liquid Membranes For The Dehumidification Of Methane, Dora Frances Sullivan-González Jan 2014

Performance And Stability For Room Temperature Ionic Liquid Membranes For The Dehumidification Of Methane, Dora Frances Sullivan-González

Honors Theses

The biogas production from organic waste—animal, sewage, landfill material— could be a valuable renewable fuel. Before this biogas—predominately bio-methane— can be converted to fuel, it must be dehumidified. Typically membrane-based gas dehumidification uses hydrophilic polymer membrane materials, such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and cellulose acetate (CA). The main problems with polymer dehumidification membranes are methane loss and the susceptibility of polymer materials to plasticization by H2O. Room temperature ionic liquid membranes (RTIL- membranes), according to recent literature, are not plasticized by water and have large water/CH4 selectivities. We built on the initial literature RTIL-dehumidification data by looking at a series of …

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Dna-Based Species Identification And Population Genetics Of The Eastern Subterranean Termite, Reticulitermes Flavipes, In The Southern Appalachian Mountains, Benjamin Collins Jan 2014

Dna-Based Species Identification And Population Genetics Of The Eastern Subterranean Termite, Reticulitermes Flavipes, In The Southern Appalachian Mountains, Benjamin Collins

Honors Theses

This study investigates the distribution patterns of Reticulitermes flavipes, an important recycler of nutrients and well-known destroyer of man-made structures, in the Southern Appalachian Mountains. As a precursor to this work, it was first necessary to distinguish the target species from other co-occurring termite species. To combat this problem, a modified Polymerase Chain Reaction- Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay that uses a 384-bp segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit II (COII) gene was designed. To test the accuracy of this tool, predictions made from using this method were compared to predictions made by genetic sequencing. This modified PCR-RFLP …

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Physicians, Patients, And Poets, Mary Ball Markow Jan 2014

Physicians, Patients, And Poets, Mary Ball Markow

Honors Theses

I examined the works of William Carlos Williams, Peter Pereira, Rafael Campo, Tory Dent, Lucia Perillo, and John Rybicki to gain a better understanding of the field of medicine. I selected these authors based upon their varied experiences with illness, disease, and loss. Their prose and poetry illuminate the nature of medicine and provide insight into human nature as well. The thesis has been edited for the SMBHC Thesis Repository to protect the copyright interests of some authors and publishers. The table of contents has been edited to reflect the changes.

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Cardiovascular Protective Agents And Their Biochemical Role In Endothelial Cell Senescence, Nicholas Boullard Jan 2014

Cardiovascular Protective Agents And Their Biochemical Role In Endothelial Cell Senescence, Nicholas Boullard

Honors Theses

Cellular senescence is a slow, biological process of aging that involves the accumulation of various changes to the internal environment of a cell, most notably the buildup of acidic B-galactosidase. These changes, both structural and molecular in nature, disable metabolism of many cellular processes and eventually induce apoptosis. As cells divide, the ends of chromosomes, telomeres, slowly shorten. Once telomere shortening reaches critical levels, those chromosomes may no longer replicate properly, leading to cellular process complication and apoptosis. Telomerase is a reverse transcriptase that adds nucleotides to telomeres, elongating them and successfully delaying endothelial cell senescence. Endothelial cells serve an …

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Evaluation Of Microbial Diversity Present In Herbal Supplements As Revealed By Pcr-Based 16s Sequence Analysis, Stephen Stone Jan 2014

Evaluation Of Microbial Diversity Present In Herbal Supplements As Revealed By Pcr-Based 16s Sequence Analysis, Stephen Stone

Honors Theses

Over the last few decades people have become more aware of their general wellness and have turned towards alternative measures to ensure good health. One of these alternative measures, the herbal supplement market, has risen significantly in recent years, even though there is no conclusive research that points to the effectiveness of herbal supplements. Also, because of sparse regulation from the FDA, there are many questions related to the efficacy, composition, processing methods, and, consequently, safety of these supplements. The aim of this study was to determine the microbial composition of herbal supplements in an attempt to identify potential targets …

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Attempts To Determine The Community Structure Of Archaea In Major Tributaries Of The Mississippi River, Thomas Douglas Bateman Jan 2014

Attempts To Determine The Community Structure Of Archaea In Major Tributaries Of The Mississippi River, Thomas Douglas Bateman

Honors Theses

Archaea were once thought to be limited to extreme environments, but it has now been established that they are found in diverse ecosystems worldwide. Archaea may possess distinctive properties that affect biogeochemical processes, which makes understanding their distribution crucial in determining their effect on these processes. Little research has been done on the ecology of Archaea in rivers, and this study represents the first attempt to gain an understanding of the diversity of Archaea within major tributaries of the Mississippi River. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of archaeal DNA and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to examine community …

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Validation Of A Recurrent Nitroglycerin Migraine Model In The Rat, Ainslee Johnson Jan 2014

Validation Of A Recurrent Nitroglycerin Migraine Model In The Rat, Ainslee Johnson

Honors Theses

The present research sought to determine if repeated nitroglycerin (NTG) administrations elicited responses on clinically relevant behavioral endpoints of migraine in rats. Rats were given five saline, three NTG or five NTG administrations over a two-week period. After their fifth injection rats were evaluated using the rat grimace scale, modified light/dark box, thermal tail flick tests, elevated plus maze and forced swim test. Repeated NTG administration affected weight gain, movement in the modified light/dark box and photophobia. The thermal tail flick tests, elevated plus maze and forced swim test did not reveal treatment effects. Based on these findings, we conclude …

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Simulated Diabetes Testing Experiment Using Artificially Manipulated Livestock Blood, Hollie E. Ables Jan 2014

Simulated Diabetes Testing Experiment Using Artificially Manipulated Livestock Blood, Hollie E. Ables

Honors Theses

Due to the prevalence of diabetes and lack of simple endocrine experiments, a laboratory protocol was developed in order to increase student knowledge of the disease and the diabetic testing process. In this paper, we present the protocol for manipulating the glucose concentration of commercially available bovine blood. The bovine blood was manipulated using Ringer's solution to which glucose was added, and six samples were prepared (pre-prandial and postprandial, normal; pre-prandial and postprandial, pre-diabetic; pre-prandial and postprandial, diabetic). This laboratory exercise provides a physical, hands-on student activity that highlights pancreatic endocrinology and the results of pancreatic malfunction. The laboratory exercise …

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The Changing Climate And Adaptation Strategies For The Mississippi Delta, John Jenks Jan 2014

The Changing Climate And Adaptation Strategies For The Mississippi Delta, John Jenks

Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

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Prepulse Inhibition Of The Acoustic Startle Reflex: Comparing Low And High Trait Anxious Individuals, Krista Sturm Jan 2014

Prepulse Inhibition Of The Acoustic Startle Reflex: Comparing Low And High Trait Anxious Individuals, Krista Sturm

Honors Theses

This investigation examined whether prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex was impaired among individuals with high trait anxiety compared to controls. PPI has traditionally been theorized to be a psychophysiological index of information processing and sensorimotor gating, and is now being used to help identify various psychological disorders. Although results of existing research on reduced PPI across the anxiety spectrum are equivocal, previous findings indicate that highly anxious (HA) participants exhibit significantly reduced PPI at lead intervals of 60 ms relative to low anxious (LA) controls. This study paired a 70 dB (A) white noise prepulse stimulus with a …

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Bacteria Con Leche: Bacterial Populations And Antibiotic Resistance Within Conventional, Usda Organic, And Local Milk, Kristen M. Wilson Jan 2014

Bacteria Con Leche: Bacterial Populations And Antibiotic Resistance Within Conventional, Usda Organic, And Local Milk, Kristen M. Wilson

Honors Theses

Concerns over food production and processing, along with increasing outbreaks of foodborne illnesses and antibiotic resistant infections have led many consumers to seek alternative food sources in the organic and local food markets. This study compared conventional, USDA certified organic, and local farmer's market milk types to determine whether there is any noticeable benefit to purchasing organic or locally harvested milk in terms of their bacterial populations and level of antibiotic resistance. Samples from various milk types were plated on Tryptic Soy Agar and Milk Agar plates to enumerate bacteria, and the cultivated bacteria tested for resistance to the antibiotics …

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Nostalgia And The Myth Of Old Russia: Russian Emigres In Interwar Paris And Their Legacy In Contemporary Russia, Brad Gordon Jan 2014

Nostalgia And The Myth Of Old Russia: Russian Emigres In Interwar Paris And Their Legacy In Contemporary Russia, Brad Gordon

Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

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Synthesis Of An Unsymmetrical Ccc-Nhc Pincer Ligand Precursor, Brian Spurlock Jan 2014

Synthesis Of An Unsymmetrical Ccc-Nhc Pincer Ligand Precursor, Brian Spurlock

Honors Theses

The purpose of this study was to synthesize a 3-butyl-1-(3-(3-butyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-1-yl)phenyl)-4,5-dichloro-1H-imidazol-3-ium salt using an Ullmann-type copper coupling reaction. This salt would subsequently be metallated and evaluated for C-H bond activation and luminescence. However, NMR and MS spectra did not show evidence of conversion to the desired product under standard conditions so a model reaction was designed making use of recent findings concerning the Ullmann-type coupling of imidazoles to aryl halides. Specifically, an activated aryl halide with a larger leaving group was used with a more soluble base and a ligand for the copper. The desired product appears by ESI-MS to have …

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Understanding The Karoo: Investigating The Function Of A Copulation Call In Female Wild Turkeys Meleagris Gallopavo, Callie Grey Jan 2014

Understanding The Karoo: Investigating The Function Of A Copulation Call In Female Wild Turkeys Meleagris Gallopavo, Callie Grey

Honors Theses

Even with the vast amount of research regarding mating vocalizations and their adaptive functions, the copulation call of female wild turkeys, Meleagris gallopavo, has yet to be described. The purpose of this study was to describe this novel call, referred to as karoo and to test three hypotheses for its function. Previously collected data in the form of video tapes and data sheets provided the basis of this study. Dr. Richard Buchholz conducted experimental trials in 2008 and 2009. Male behavioral data was recorded on the videos. The videos and the data sheets were used to collect female behavioral data. …

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