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Statutory Regulation Of Railway Equipment Agreements, Kenneth Duncan Jan 1924

Statutory Regulation Of Railway Equipment Agreements, Kenneth Duncan

Michigan Law Review

Form of Equipment Contracts. A large part of the rolling stock and equipment obtained by railroads in the United States and Canada is financed through the issue of equipment obligations. At the present time, approximately three-quarters of a billion dollars, par value, of these securities are outstanding, and they have come to constitute about six per cent. of the aggregate funded debt of railroads. Yet in spite of their large and growing importance, they are probably not as well understood as other common forms of corporate securities, and it is doubtful if many lawyers are fully cognizant of the …


Coke-Parliamentary Sovereignty Or The Supremacy Of The Law?, R. A. Mackay Jan 1924

Coke-Parliamentary Sovereignty Or The Supremacy Of The Law?, R. A. Mackay

Michigan Law Review

Few legal authorities have received such conflicting interpretations as Sir Edward Coke. American jurists have turned to him as the legal father of judicial review, English jurists have found in him the authority for Parliamentary Supremacy, The cause of these conflicting interpretations is partly Coke's obscure style. Coke was an encyclopedist rather than a philosopher of the law: his ideas must be dug out and fused together from an heterogeneous mass of apparently unrelated statements. Even his Reports are legal and literary puzzles, a mixture of advocates' pleas, judicial decisions, and probably Sir Edward Coke's personal opinions as well. Hence …


The Permanent International Court Of Justice Jan 1924

The Permanent International Court Of Justice

Michigan Law Review

The writer has already commented, in an earlier number of this Review, upon the plan for a Permanent Court of International Justice which was formulated by a committee of jurists at The Hague in the summer of 1920 and amended and approved by the Council and Assembly of the League of Nations in December of the same year. 19 MICH. L. REV. 413. The plan became operative upon ratification by a majority of the members of the League in September, 1921, and judges were elected immediately thereafter. The Court's first session opened at The Hague in January, 1922. The present …


Book Reviews Jan 1924

Book Reviews

Michigan Law Review

A collection of book reviews by multiple authors.


Constitutionality Of Acts For Conservation Or Retention Of Natural Gas Within The State Dec 1923

Constitutionality Of Acts For Conservation Or Retention Of Natural Gas Within The State

Michigan Law Review

The distribution of our natural resources creating among our several states an economic inter-dependence of varied degrees, and the growing appreciation of the danger of approaching exhaustion in various fields, has very naturally prompted the legislatures of some of the states to enact statutes which have been broadly designated as "conservation acts," though some of them could be described more accurately as "domestic preference acts". Most of these statutes are calculated to prevent waste, arc real conservation measures, and have nearly always been upheld. Ohio Oil Co. v. Indiana, 177 U. S. 190, concerned a statute making it unlawful …


Perpetuity Statutes, Edwin C. Goddard Dec 1923

Perpetuity Statutes, Edwin C. Goddard

Michigan Law Review

The common law of perpetuities is one of the most interesting examples of almost pure judicial legislation. De Donis, The Statutes of Uses and of Wills, but· gave wider scope to the development by the courts of rules of law to thwart the attempt of the great landowners to tie up their landed estates in their families in perpetuity. One body of rules to this end limited restraints upon alienation, another the creation of future interests vesting at too remote a period. Restriction of restraints upon alienation, and the rule against perpetuities, these two were developed for the same end, …


Shipping Act Of 1916: The Effect Of Section 15 On The Sherman Anti-Trust Law, Claude A. Thompson Dec 1923

Shipping Act Of 1916: The Effect Of Section 15 On The Sherman Anti-Trust Law, Claude A. Thompson

Michigan Law Review

Does the approval of a conference agreement by the Shipping Board under section 15 of the Shipping Act of 1916 legalize an agreement, which, but for such approval, would be in violation of the Sherman Anti-Trust Law?


The Unrecognized Government Or State In English And American Law, Edwin D. Dickinson Dec 1923

The Unrecognized Government Or State In English And American Law, Edwin D. Dickinson

Michigan Law Review

Probably no one in the British Empire or the United States would question the doctrine that it belongs exclusively to the political departments to recognize new governments or states. The difficulties involved are those which arise in the application of a doctrine so broadly stated. Not every situation involving an unrecognized government or state requires the decision of a question of recognition. If the decision of a political question is not involved, then it is entirely proper for the courts to take cognizance of a mere de facto government or state. In what situations may the courts appropriately take account …


Constitutional Law--Due Process--Kansas Industrial Court Dec 1923

Constitutional Law--Due Process--Kansas Industrial Court

Michigan Law Review

Has the State power to regulate wages and to secure continuity of functioning in essential industries? The U. S. Supreme Court, in Wolff Packing Co. v. Court of Industrial Relations of Kansas, -- U. S. -- Adv. Op. June 11, 1923, says no, at least as to individuals or corporations, engaged in the production of food, but not strong enough to dominate or control the industry. The case involves the validity, under the Federal Constitution, of the Kansas Act establishing the Court of Industrial Relations, referred to hereinafter as the "Industrial Court." Special Session Laws of Kansas, 1920, Chap. …


Public Utility Valuation Dec 1923

Public Utility Valuation

Michigan Law Review

It has been so often remarked that the "valuation" of public utilities is determined by no rule of thumb, that there are no fixed rules or formulas to guide courts or commissions, that determination of value as a rate base is matter of judgment and discretion in each case, Minnesota Rate Cases, 230 U. S. 352, 434, that the statement has come to be believed by reason in part of its much repetition. It is usually accepted as axiomatic. The glorious uncertainty resulting from such an admission will continue so long as judgments of one man or set of …


Recent Important Decisions Dec 1923

Recent Important Decisions

Michigan Law Review

A collection of recent important court decisions.


Book Reviews Dec 1923

Book Reviews

Michigan Law Review

A collection of book reviews by multiple authors.


Recent Important Decisions Nov 1923

Recent Important Decisions

Michigan Law Review

A collection of recent important court decisions.


The Change In The Meaning Of Consortium, Evans Holbrook Nov 1923

The Change In The Meaning Of Consortium, Evans Holbrook

Michigan Law Review

Lawyers have long boasted of the flexibility of the common law, or its ability to adapt itself to the needs of changing conditions of society, of its responsiveness to sociological progress. And while eager reformers have often--and with much reason--complained that the law is laggard in its response to the needs of the people, yet it is clear that sooner or later the courts generally bring themselves into accord with "what is sanctioned by usage, or held by the prevailing morality or strong and preponderant public opinion to be greatly and immediately necessary to the public welfare." This responsiveness to …


The Unrecognized Government Or State In English And American Law, Edwin D. Dickinson Nov 1923

The Unrecognized Government Or State In English And American Law, Edwin D. Dickinson

Michigan Law Review

Two years ago an American citizen who had been a resident of Mexico for many years died intestate in Mexico City. The widow was appointed administratrix by one of the Mexican civil courts. Finding among the papers a number of notes executed by an American corporation payable to the deceased, the administratrix began an action in New York to have whatever was due upon the notes paid to the estate. The corporation's attorneys moved for judgment on the pleadings, contending that an administratrix appointed by a Mexican court can maintain no action in courts of the United States so long …


Artisans' Liens Competing With Claims Of Conditional Sale Vendor Or Chattel Mortgagee Nov 1923

Artisans' Liens Competing With Claims Of Conditional Sale Vendor Or Chattel Mortgagee

Michigan Law Review

The privilege of the artisan or materialman who has performed services or furnished materials in respect of a chattel in his possession to withhold such possession until paid the amount of his charges may be an effective security. Likewise, a chattel mortgagee or conditional vendor may be quite secure. But when a mortgagor or conditional vendee in possession has bailed the chattel to one whose services entitle him, either under the common law or a statute, to a lien for his charges therefor, there are plenty of chances for trouble. Liens being an invasion upon or subtraction from the totality …


Trade Competition--Effect Of Motive Nov 1923

Trade Competition--Effect Of Motive

Michigan Law Review

Does the motive with which one enters into what is ostensibly trade competition with a business rival have any significance in the law? Motive is used, following Judge Smith's careful limitation of the term, to signify the feeling which makes the actor desire to obtain the result aimed at. A conclusion that motive is immaterial in this connection can be sustained by formal logic. A man has a "right'' to engage in business, even though his rival be injured thereby. One may exercise a legal right, regardless of his motives in doing so. Therefore, business competition, if the methods be …


Books Received Nov 1923

Books Received

Michigan Law Review

A list of books received by Michigan Law Review


The Reform Of Civil Procedure, Edson R. Sunderland Jul 1923

The Reform Of Civil Procedure, Edson R. Sunderland

Articles

Professor Sunderland addresses the pernicious involvement of legislators in legal reform, contrary to the English model. This duty should be left to those who know the Law better than any: "The courts constitute the judicial department of the state, and the judges who preside and the lawyers who practice in them are the selected group of trained men charged with the responsibility for administering the law."


Legislation In Vague Or General Terms, Ralph W. Aigler Jun 1923

Legislation In Vague Or General Terms, Ralph W. Aigler

Michigan Law Review

For some reason, probably in part the increasing complexity of our life and relationships, but more largely, perhaps, the growing tendency to regulate everybody and everything by positive law, the courts have been called upon with increasing frequency to pass upon the effectiveness of statutes and ordinances phrased in indefinite terms. In a very interesting and valuable paper, Professor Freund has pointed out the weakness and strength, on the one hand, of legislation in general terms, and on the other hand, legislation in which the rule of conduct is attempted to be laid down with precision. His interest apparently lay …


Price Discrimination As Unfair Competition, John Leland Mechem Jun 1923

Price Discrimination As Unfair Competition, John Leland Mechem

Michigan Law Review

Is it lawful for a manufacturer to make one price to one purchaser and a different price to another. for the same quantity, grade. and quality of his product? Is it ]awful to discriminate in price between wholesalers and retailers? Is it lawful to class "chain stores" and cooperative retail dealers' associations as retailers. and refuse them the advantage of the wholesale price list?


Fundamextal Tendencies In Modern Jurisprudence, Rudolph Stammler Jun 1923

Fundamextal Tendencies In Modern Jurisprudence, Rudolph Stammler

Michigan Law Review

Empiricism is a variety of skepticism. Both refuse to consider the possibility of a fundamental ordering of the mental life. But they are differentiated one from the other in the manner of working out this refusal.


Constitutional Law--Minimum Wage Law For Women As A Violation Of The Fifth Amendment Jun 1923

Constitutional Law--Minimum Wage Law For Women As A Violation Of The Fifth Amendment

Michigan Law Review

The advance of so-called social legislation within the last several decades has furnished an intensely interesting period in constitutional and industrial development. The last skirmish with the fast-disappearing forces of logic and anachronistic formalism seems to have been fought in the recent case of Adkins v. Lyons (April 9, 1923), U. S. Adv. Ops. 795 and 796.


Declaratory Judgments Jun 1923

Declaratory Judgments

Michigan Law Review

The Connecticut legislature passed an act in 1921 authorizing courts to make binding declarations of rights. The act was attacked as unconstitutional on the same ground raised by the supreme court of Michigan against the Michigan Declaratory Judgment Act in the case of Amway v. Railway Co., 211 Mich. 592, 12 A. L. R. 26, namely, that declaring rights was not a judicial function. But the Supreme Court of Errors of Connecticut sustained the act as in no way contravening the constitution. Braman v. Babcock (Conn., 1923), 120 Atl. 150.


Internationial Aspects Of Prohibition Enforcement Jun 1923

Internationial Aspects Of Prohibition Enforcement

Michigan Law Review

The Eighteenth Amendment to the Federal Constitution prohibits "the manufacture, sale, or transportation oi intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes." 40 Stat. 1050, 1941. In the National Prohibition Cases, 253 U. S. 350, 386, the amendment was said to be operative "throughout the entire territorial limits of the United States." As originally enacted, the National Prohibition Act did not in terms define its territorial field, but a supplemental provision afterwards enacted declares that the act "shall apply not only …


Torts--Power Of A Minicipal Corporation To Sue For Libel Jun 1923

Torts--Power Of A Minicipal Corporation To Sue For Libel

Michigan Law Review

Can a municipal corporation maintain an action for libel? The recent $10,000,000 libel suit instituted by the City of Chicago against the Chicago Tribune promises to become a leading case in the solution of this question. The declaration filed by the city alleged ownership of property used in city affairs and that the city purchased materials for the maintenance of such property largely upon credit. It charged that libellous statements were falsely and maliciously published by the Chicago Tribune to the effect that the city was bankrupt and could not pay its debts, with intent to destroy its credit and …


Conflict Of Laws--The Uniform Divorce Act And Full Faith And Credit Jun 1923

Conflict Of Laws--The Uniform Divorce Act And Full Faith And Credit

Michigan Law Review

in spite of the recognized need for uniformity in divorce law, the Act Regulating Annulment of Marriage and Divorce has not met with widespread favor. This act was framed by the National Congress on Uniform Divorce Laws in 1900 and was approved in 1907 by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws. It has been adopted only by Delaware, New Jersey, and Wisconsin. While general adoption would remove much of the present uncertainty in the law, some interesting problems are still left for solution.


Recent Important Decisions Jun 1923

Recent Important Decisions

Michigan Law Review

A collection of recent important court decisions.


Book Reviews Jun 1923

Book Reviews

Michigan Law Review

A collection of book reviews by multiple authors.


Books Received Jun 1923

Books Received

Michigan Law Review

A list of books received by Michigan Law Review