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University of Michigan Law School

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Federal Trade Commission-Recent Trends In Interpretation Of The Federal Trade Commission Act Jun 1934

Federal Trade Commission-Recent Trends In Interpretation Of The Federal Trade Commission Act

Michigan Law Review

The Federal Trade Commission has never been a favored child of the courts. Beginning with the first case to which the Commission was a party, the attitude of the judiciary has clearly been unfriendly. The Commission gets its powers from the Clayton Act and from the Federal Trade Commission Act. The courts have interpreted the Clayton Act strictly, and there is no sign of a change of heart by the majority of the Supreme Court in that respect; it is believed, however, that a few of the recent cases under the Federal Trade Commission Act, both in the Supreme Court …

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Physicians And Surgeons-When Physician Obliged To Disclose Information Gained Through Doctor-Patient Relation Jun 1934

Physicians And Surgeons-When Physician Obliged To Disclose Information Gained Through Doctor-Patient Relation

Michigan Law Review

In April of this year a Minnesota physician, Dr. Clayton E. May, treated for gunshot wounds a certain undesirable person, John Dillinger, very much in demand by the police. He further neglected to inform the police concerning his ministrations, and as a result, was tried in a federal court on a charge of harboring a fugitive wanted under a federal warrant, found guilty, and sentenced to serve two years in a penitentiary and to pay a fine of $1,000. Said a prominent English medical journal in commenting on the case: " . . . colleagues in every country will applaud …

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Criminal Law And Procedure - Statutory Construction May 1934

Criminal Law And Procedure - Statutory Construction

Michigan Law Review

The rule of strict construction of criminal statutes is fortified and established by innumerable cases of both recent and early vintage. Chief Justice Marshall, in the leading American case of United States v. Wiltberger, said, "The rule that penal laws are to be construed strictly, is perhaps not much less old than construction itself."

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Conflict Of Laws-Foreign Marriage-Dower May 1934

Conflict Of Laws-Foreign Marriage-Dower

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff was divorced a vinculo matrimonii in the District of Columbia on the grounds of her adultery with defendant who was made co-respondent in the suit. A statute of the district provided that the innocent party only may remarry. Plaintiff married defendant in Florida and later secured a divorce a mensa et thoro from defendant in Virginia. On the death of defendant in the District of Columbia, plaintiff claimed a dower interest in his estate. Held, plaintiff cannot recover. Loughran v. Loughran, (App. D. C. 1933) 66 F. (2d) 567.

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Banking Reform By Statute, Robert G. Rodkey May 1934

Banking Reform By Statute, Robert G. Rodkey

Michigan Law Review

The lamentable failure of our banking system to function satisfactorily in the performance of its duties to the public raises at the outset two kinds of questions. Is there something fundamentally unsound about the structure of our banking machinery or does the trouble reside merely in a lack of understanding on the part of bankers of the proper management of the detailed activities in which banks necessarily engage? Or may the unsatisfactory result be ascribed to a combination of these two alternatives? The position taken in this paper is that the structure of our banking system is inherently unsound and …

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Process In Actions Against Non-Residents Doing Business Within A State, Maurice S. Culp May 1934

Process In Actions Against Non-Residents Doing Business Within A State, Maurice S. Culp

Michigan Law Review

Many state legislatures have undertaken to subject non-resident persons or unincorporated groups, or both, to the power of their local courts in relation to business transacted within their limits. No less than forty States have at one time or another enacted statutes providing for substituted service of process in actions arising out of such transactions. Most of these statutes apply to non-residents generally; but in eighteen States statutes, now or formerly in force, have provided in express terms for substituted service on non-resident partnerships or unincorporated associations. Both types alike provide that service may be made upon an actual agent …

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Federal Housing And Home Loan Legislation And Its Consequences, Ernest M. Fisher May 1934

Federal Housing And Home Loan Legislation And Its Consequences, Ernest M. Fisher

Michigan Law Review

The laissez-faire policy characteristic of both federal and state policy prior to 1932 in connection with housing was first departed from in a provision in the "Emergency Relief and Construction Act of 1932," passed by the 72nd Congress just before adjournment in July. This provision authorized the Reconstruction Finance Corporation to "make loans to corporations, formed wholly for the purpose of providing housing for families of low incomes, or for reconstruction of slum areas, which are regulated by state or municipal law as to rents, charges, capital structure, rate of return, and areas and methods of operation, to aid in …

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Contracts - Fraud - Effect Of Provision In Contract That Representations Of Seller's Agent Are Not Binding May 1934

Contracts - Fraud - Effect Of Provision In Contract That Representations Of Seller's Agent Are Not Binding

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff sued on promissory notes given it by defendant in part payment of the purchase price for a dumptor. Defendant counterclaimed on the ground that he was induced to buy the dumptor because of fraudulent misrepresentations made by the plaintiff's agent. The contract contained the stipulation that "no representations made by an agent not included herein shall be binding," and therefore the plaintiff contended that the jury could not consider any of the false statements made by its agent. Held, said statement is ineffectual to preclude the defendant from asserting fraud. National Equipment Corp. v. Volden, (Minn. 1934) …

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Criminal Law And Procedure-Larceny-Hunger And Want As Defense May 1934

Criminal Law And Procedure-Larceny-Hunger And Want As Defense

Michigan Law Review

A large group of unemployed marched on a Red Cross commissary to request a larger ration of flour. After locating the chairman and being answered with a firm and final refusal, a large part of the group went into a private store and carried off groceries without paying for them. At the trial the appellants offered to prove conditions of poverty and want among the unemployed of that county on and prior to the date of the raid, for the purpose of showing a purpose and justification for the raid. Held, such evidence was correctly excluded. State v. Moe …

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Negligence - Liability Of Manufacturer To Third Persons - Recovery For Property Damage May 1934

Negligence - Liability Of Manufacturer To Third Persons - Recovery For Property Damage

Michigan Law Review

Defendant sold a contractor a trial can of waterproofing materials recommended for the interior of silos. The contractor used this on the interior of a watertank being built in plaintiff's barn. While it was being applied the fumes from the preparation came in contact with a kerosene lamp used to light the interior of the tank, causing an explosion which burned the plaintiff's barn. The ingredients of the waterproofing material were highly inflammable and toxic, but the container bore no warning of these facts. Held, that recovery could be had for the damage to plaintiff's property, the evidence being …

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Torts - Contribution Between Joint Tortfeasors - Right Of Insurer To Contribution May 1934

Torts - Contribution Between Joint Tortfeasors - Right Of Insurer To Contribution

Michigan Law Review

One C negligently drove her car into an obstruction on the highway placed there by defendant. The accident occurred at night and the defendant had failed to place a light on the obstruction to indicate its presence to motorists. At the time of the accident M was a guest in C's car and suffered injuries as a result of the collision. Plaintiff, insurance carrier for C, settled with M for the injuries sustained and obtained a release covering the liability of all parties. Plaintiff as subrogee of C's rights brought the present action to recover contribution from …

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Book Notes May 1934

Book Notes

Michigan Law Review

This department undertakes to list and, when possible, describe briefly current books on law and matters closely related thereto.

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Evidence - Admissibility Of Blood-Group Test May 1934

Evidence - Admissibility Of Blood-Group Test

Michigan Law Review

The old axiom, "blood will tell," has been given a new lease on life by the work of biochemists and hereditists in the last thirty years. At the beginning of the twentieth century a scientist, Karl Landsteiner, working on the means to make blood transfusions safe, discovered that the New Testament saying, the Almighty "hath made of one blood all nations of men," is not true. He found that human blood is divided into four groups, characterized by the possession or non-possession of certain substances in the serum and the corpuscles of the blood. If one puts a little blood …

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Segregation Of Residences Of Negroes, Arthur T. Martin Apr 1934

Segregation Of Residences Of Negroes, Arthur T. Martin

Michigan Law Review

Most white people do not want Negroes for neighbors. For many years this race prejudice alone seemed adequate to secure the type of domiciliary segregation which the majority desired. In recent years, however, Negro incursions into so-called white territory have become more numerous, and white landowners have resorted to legal devices to secure race exclusiveness in residential sections. In considering the validity of these segregation devices the courts have not ordinarily purported to take into account the social desirability of the end sought. No examination has been made of the factors back of Negro migration into white territory. No thought …

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Minority Stockholders And The Amendment Of Corporate Charters, Edward O. Curran Apr 1934

Minority Stockholders And The Amendment Of Corporate Charters, Edward O. Curran

Michigan Law Review

Professor Dodd has remarked that "few branches of corporation law are in a more confused and unsatisfactory state than that relating to the right of minority stockholders to prevent amendments to the corporate charter, to which they have not given their assent, from becoming operative." One of the reasons for this confusion is the fact that some of the cases which still serve as precedents were decided at a time when it was not the usual practice to reserve the power to alter, amend, or repeal corporate charters. The principles of these early cases have been carried over and applied …

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Organized Labor And The Recovery Act, Emmett B. Mcnatt Apr 1934

Organized Labor And The Recovery Act, Emmett B. Mcnatt

Michigan Law Review

The enactment of the National Industrial Recovery Act last June inevitably has brought to the fore a number of questions which as yet remain unanswered, including those connected with the application and interpretation of Section 7(a) of the Recovery Act, the subject of this article. Under this section, hailed by labor as a "new Magna Charta," employees are apparently given two interrelated rights - the right to organize with no discrimination against them by employers as a result thereof, and the right to collective bargaining through representatives of their own choosing. Employers are prohibited from interfering with such rights through …

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Constitutional Law - Power To Enact Federal Securities Act Of 1933 Apr 1934

Constitutional Law - Power To Enact Federal Securities Act Of 1933

Michigan Law Review

The scope and implications of the Securities Act of 1933 have been set out in a recent issue of this Review. Broadly, the Act regulates the issue and sale of securities by requiring registration thereof with the Federal Trade Commission, by specifying certain data to be included in prospectuses relating to such securities, and by imposing sanctions in the form of penal and civil liabilities. The Act purports to be an exercise of the Congressional power "to regulate . . . commerce among the several states" and "to establish post offices and post roads." Various constitutional questions are involved but …

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Constitutional Law-Price-Fixing - Changing Attitudes Apr 1934

Constitutional Law-Price-Fixing - Changing Attitudes

Michigan Law Review

The urgent need for rebuilding and readjusting our economic system has forced the various governments to devise methods by which to achieve those ends. The legislative enactments resulting from the efforts to bring about a "recovery" are destined to be challenged on the due process ground. The public is keenly concerned not alone in the practicality of the methods selected, but in their constitutionality as well. The recent case of Nebbia v. People is not only of interest to the lawyer; it was accepted as "good copy" in leading lay publications. The Supreme Court affirmed the conviction of one Nebbia, …

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Corporations - Right Of Minority Stockholders To Interfere In Corporate Management Apr 1934

Corporations - Right Of Minority Stockholders To Interfere In Corporate Management

Michigan Law Review

In determining the relationship between the majority and minority stockholders of a corporation, the courts are faced with the problem of striking a correct balance between the rights of the plaintiff stockholder, who alleges that he is being oppressed by the majority, and the rights of the majority, acting through the regular corporate machinery, who allege that the corporation is being harassed by a troublesome minority. It is necessary to protect the minority from the machinations of those in control; it is likewise necessary to protect the corporation, as controlled by the majority, from the blackmailer who holds a few …

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Book Notes Apr 1934

Book Notes

Michigan Law Review

This department undertakes to list and, when possible, describe briefly current books on law and matters closely related thereto.

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Constitutional Law - Due Process - Fishing Rights In The Public Waters Of Michigan Apr 1934

Constitutional Law - Due Process - Fishing Rights In The Public Waters Of Michigan

Michigan Law Review

The Ne-Bo-Shone Association, Inc., is an Ohio corporation which owns property on both banks of the Pine River for some distance. Following the decision of the Michigan Supreme Court in Collins V. Gerhardt that the stream is navigable and public, the complainant association was ordered to remove obstructions in the stream which hampered the free use of the stream by the public for fishing purposes. Thereupon complainant sought an in junction against certain public officials from taking action to remove these obstructions, claiming that it has the right to exclude the public from this portion of the Pine River, and …

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University Of Michigan Law School Announcement, 1934-1935 With List Of Students, 1933-1934, University Of Michigan Law School Mar 1934

University Of Michigan Law School Announcement, 1934-1935 With List Of Students, 1933-1934, University Of Michigan Law School

Law School Announcement and Bulletins

Board of Regents; Faculty of Law; Organization and Methods; The Law Quadrangle; The Law Library; Summer Session; Directions to Candidates for Admission; Requirements for Admission; Requirements for Graduation: Degrees; The Law Curriculum; Electives; Seminar Courses; Special Courses; The Practice Court; Fees and Expenses; Michigan Law Review; Fellowships, Scholarships, and Prizes; Order of the Coif; Students' Physical Welfare; The Michigan Union; The Michigan League; Summer Session; Graduates of 1933; Students;

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The Evolution And Devolution Of Public Utility Law, Edwin C. Goddard Mar 1934

The Evolution And Devolution Of Public Utility Law, Edwin C. Goddard

Michigan Law Review

As long ago as 1873, and very likely even earlier, courts were speaking of the public utility in the sense of the public convenience or advantage, a New Jersey court saying, "these prerogatives (of railway corporations) are grants from the government, and public utility is the consideration for them." This has been often quoted by other courts, notably by your Judge Atherton in the famous case of Scofield v. Railway in 1885. But the term "public utility'' as applied to plants or corporations rendering a public service is very new. It is not to be found in the 1904 edition …

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Banks And Banking - Public Moneys As Preferred Claims Mar 1934

Banks And Banking - Public Moneys As Preferred Claims

Michigan Law Review

The State claims a preference in the assets of an insolvent bank on the basis of sovereign prerogative. Held, that the State has no preference now because the prerogative right has been abrogated: first, by the passing of a comprehensive state banking law; and second, by a constitutional provision giving bill holders of insolvent banks preference in payment over all other creditors. Fry, State Treasurer v. Equitable Trust Co., 264 Mich. 165, 249 N. W. 619 (1933). (Potter and McDonald, JJ., dissenting).

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Carriers -Airplanes - Right To Limit Liability By Contract Mar 1934

Carriers -Airplanes - Right To Limit Liability By Contract

Michigan Law Review

Defendant corporation conducted a regular airplane passenger service between Miami and Tampa, Florida. Deceased purchased an ordinary passenger ticket at the regular price and, in the course of the trip, was killed due to the negligence of defendant's pilot. There was a stipulation in the ticket which all passengers were required to sign that "the company's liability is limited to $10,000." Wife of deceased sued for the negligent death and recovered a judgment in excess of $10,000. Held, that defendant was a common carrier, and, therefore, could not compel a passenger to release it of its legal liability. Curtis-Wright …

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Divorce - Alimony - Modification Of Decree - Impairment Of Obligation Of Contracts Mar 1934

Divorce - Alimony - Modification Of Decree - Impairment Of Obligation Of Contracts

Michigan Law Review

A decree of divorce, following the terms of a prior agreement between the parties, ordered the defendant husband to assign to the plaintiff an insurance policy and pay her $105 per month as long as she remained unmarried. Later, the court upon the defendant's petition reduced the monthly allowance to $90, finding that the defendant's earnings had been diminished and that his remarriage had precipitated new family obligations and debts. Upon appeal of both parties, held, that the court had the power to modify the decree to conform to the changed conditions of the parties, and this modification did …

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Future Interests - Federal Estate Tax - Admissibility Of Evidence Of Barrenness Of Devisee Mar 1934

Future Interests - Federal Estate Tax - Admissibility Of Evidence Of Barrenness Of Devisee

Michigan Law Review

In an inquiry as to the value of an executory bequest to charitable institutions, conditioned on the death of the testator's daughter without issue surviving her, was evidence that at the time of the testator's death she had been rendered incapable of bearing children admissible for the purpose of determining the amount of a deduction from the federal estate tax? Held, that such evidence was admissible. United States v. Provident Trust Co., (U. S. 1934) 54 Sup. Ct. 389.

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Book Notes Mar 1934

Book Notes

Michigan Law Review

This department undertakes to list and, when possible, describe briefly current books on law and matters closely related thereto.

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Sales - Implied Warranty Of Fitness - Restaurateur Mar 1934

Sales - Implied Warranty Of Fitness - Restaurateur

Michigan Law Review

Defendant, proprietor of a hotel and dining room, served unwholesome food to the plaintiff who became ill as a result of its impurity. The plaintiff sued for the damages resulting from his illness, on the theory that there was an implied warranty that the food was fit for human consumption. Held, the serving of food for immediate consumption on the premises was not a "sale" within the Uniform Sales Act, and therefore there was no warranty attached under the terms of the Act, and there was no implied warranty of fitness of food so served at common law. Lynch …

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The Securities Act Of 1933, Laylin K. James Mar 1934

The Securities Act Of 1933, Laylin K. James

Michigan Law Review

In 1907 a Pennsylvania superior court stated in one of its opinions that, "'there is no reason why a man should not be a fool.' As a corollary to that saying, it may be added that there is no reason why a court should protect a fool against the result of his folly. No new feature of rapacity in the buyer is apparent in this instance [ the purchase of property worth $ 5,000 prospectively for $ 500] to make him a worse offender against the law of fair dealing than an army of Shy locks who have preceded him. …

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