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Torts - Recklessness - Liability Of Driver Under "Host-Guest" Statute Jun 1932

Torts - Recklessness - Liability Of Driver Under "Host-Guest" Statute

Michigan Law Review

Iowa Code, 1927, sec. 5026-b1, provides that no automobile owner or operator shall be liable for injuries received by a gratuitous occupant therein, except those caused by the driver's intoxication or reckless operation. Defendant, a rather inexperienced driver, became excited upon coming to a hill and pressed the accelerator instead of the brake, causing an accident which injured plaintiff, a gratuitous passenger in the car. The jury found that defendant had been driving recklessly. In reversing for error in instruction, the court held that recklessness may or may not include wilfulness or wantonness, but always implies no care, coupled with …

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Crimes - Procedure - Indictment - Included Offense May 1932

Crimes - Procedure - Indictment - Included Offense

Michigan Law Review

Defendant was indicted for burglary with intent to commit larceny. The jury found him guilty of larceny. Held, reversed, burglary not being a compound felony including larceny. State v. Henderson (Iowa 1931) 239 N. W. 588.

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Pleading - Last Clear Chance May 1932

Pleading - Last Clear Chance

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff was riding a bicycle on a bridge. Defendant, towing a truck, sounded his horn and plaintiff drove to the left while defendant passed, but was struck by the truck. The judge charged that if defendant was travelling at an excessive rate of speed, and injury resulted from that cause, plaintiff could recover although negligent. Held, reversed, on the ground, among others, that the instruction as to least clear chance was not supported by any pleading. Steele v. Brada et al. (Iowa 1931) 239 N. W. 538.

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Searches And Seizures - Allegations Necessary For Warrant May 1932

Searches And Seizures - Allegations Necessary For Warrant

Michigan Law Review

The defendant objected to the use in evidence of intoxicating liquor on the ground that it was seized during a search of his premises under an insufficient search warrant. Held, the search warrant was issued without a sufficient showing that reasonable and probable cause existed for the search, there being neither a positive allegation of facts in the affidavit for the warrant nor a hearing of evidence by the issuing magistrate. Smith v. State (Ind. 1931) 177 N. E. 898.

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The Judicial Process Of Treaty Interpretation In The United States Supreme Court, John Selden Tennant May 1932

The Judicial Process Of Treaty Interpretation In The United States Supreme Court, John Selden Tennant

Michigan Law Review

When the Federal Union was substituted for the loose confederation which had preceded it, one of the most impelling reasons for the change was the need for a united international front, which could only be achieved by further concentration in a central government of the power to deal with foreign nations. A necessary part of this general plan was the treaty-making power, taken from the states by Article I, Section 10 of the Constitution, and lodged in the President and the Senate by Article II, Section II.

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Corporations - Rights And Remedies Of Dissenting Stockholders Upon Consolidation And Merger May 1932

Corporations - Rights And Remedies Of Dissenting Stockholders Upon Consolidation And Merger

Michigan Law Review

Consolidation or merger of private corporations in recent years has been more and more frequent. One of the most engrossing problems when such unions take place is that of the rights and remedies of dissenting shareholders. The question which arises most frequently in cases of consolidation or merger, and that in the solution of which, paradoxicaIIy, our courts tend to expend the least amount of legal acumen, is whether the consolidation or merger of corporations operates to dissolve the constituent corporations in such a manner as materially to affect the rights of the shareholders in those corporations.

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Quasi-Contracts -Assumpsit For Use And Occupation Against A Trespasser In Modern Cases May 1932

Quasi-Contracts -Assumpsit For Use And Occupation Against A Trespasser In Modern Cases

Michigan Law Review

Perhaps the doctrine of stare decisis is sometimes deserving of severe criticism in its application to matters of substantive law; but the unfortunate results of uncritical adherence to precedent appear most clearly in regard to rules of procedure, where the demand for certainty cannot be justified by a supposed reliance of laymen on "settled" rules. The evils are aggravated where inconvenient decisions are not undermined or their effects evaded by the lawyer's typical process of "distinguishing'' cases. A forcible illustration is the firm refusal of most courts to extend quasicontractual relief to cases of use and occupation of land by …

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Bills And Notes-What Negligence Of The Drawer Will Enable The Drawee To Charge The Drawer's Account When The Indorsement Of The Payee Is Forged May 1932

Bills And Notes-What Negligence Of The Drawer Will Enable The Drawee To Charge The Drawer's Account When The Indorsement Of The Payee Is Forged

Michigan Law Review

An attorney, representing himself to be the agent of the owner of a certain piece of real estate, applied to the plaintiff for a mortgage loan. The loan being granted subject to title, a person represented to be the landowner appeared, signed the mortgage and note, and her acknowledgement was taken by a notary public who stated that he knew her to be the identical person described in the mortgage. The title was approved and a check payable to the landowner was delivered to the attorney, who, after forging the payee's indorsement, indorsed personally and cashed. The drawer is suing …

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Bills And Notes -What Negligence Of The Drawer Will Enable The Drawee To Charge The Drawer's Account When The Indorsement Of The Payee Is Forged May 1932

Bills And Notes -What Negligence Of The Drawer Will Enable The Drawee To Charge The Drawer's Account When The Indorsement Of The Payee Is Forged

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff is the executor of a person who, in his capacity as treasurer of a voluntary loan association, issued a check on the association's account in the defendant bank, supposedly for a loan to a member of the association. The check, when paid, bore what purported to be the indorsement of the payee, and the signature of the president of the loan association. The supposed borrower denied the loan and his signature on the note in July, 1927, and asked to see the check, which he was shown after some months. He denied executing the indorsement and the defendant bank …

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Licenses - Revocability Of Executed License - Fraud On Licensee May 1932

Licenses - Revocability Of Executed License - Fraud On Licensee

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff and defendant were owners of adjoining city lots. At plaintiff's suggestion they constructed a common driveway, half on each lot, defendant refusing, however, to exchange reciprocal deeds therefor. Plaintiff built his house and garage to conform to the location of the drive. After long-continued use, defendant blocked his half of the drive. Inasmuch as building a new drive entirely on his own land would necessitate expensive structural changes in his house and garage, plaintiff sought an injunction. Held, that plaintiff had only a license, revocable even though acted upon, and that defendant's revocation was not such a fraud …

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Patents - Right To Personal Service In Contempt Proceedings May 1932

Patents - Right To Personal Service In Contempt Proceedings

Michigan Law Review

Complainant obtained in the district court of Massachusetts a final injunction against the manufacture and sale of a device by defendant, a Michigan corporation. In a subsequent term of court, complainant brought contempt proceedings for an alleged violation of the injunction. Copies of the petition, motion, and order to show cause were sent by registered mail to the defendant's place of business. Objection to the jurisdiction of the court was raised upon the ground that the term in which the injunction had issued had expired and the decree, as to compensation, had been satisfied; hence personal service as in a …

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State Administrative Supervision Of Municipal Indebtedness, E. Blythe Stason Apr 1932

State Administrative Supervision Of Municipal Indebtedness, E. Blythe Stason

Michigan Law Review

One of the lessons being drawn from the present economic depression, and especially from the financial straits of municipalities, is the very real need of more adequate restriction upon the power of cities, towns, villages, counties, school districts and other local governments to burden themselves and their taxpayers with excessive public debt.

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Matrimonial Domicil And Marital Rights In Movables, Arthur Leon Harding Apr 1932

Matrimonial Domicil And Marital Rights In Movables, Arthur Leon Harding

Michigan Law Review

The American decisions in Conflicts of Laws relating to the rights acquired by one spouse in the property of the other by virtue of the fact of marriage stand as a monument to Joseph Story . Almost without exception the cases discussed hereafter have been decided on the basis of his thorough analysis of the law of the Pandects and the eighteenth century civilians. Even where his principles have not been approved, the courts have departed from them only after real and serious consideration. This fact, kept in mind, greatly simplifies the study of the cases themselves.

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President Hoover's Recommendations - Waiver Of Right To Accusation By Grand Jury Indictment Apr 1932

President Hoover's Recommendations - Waiver Of Right To Accusation By Grand Jury Indictment

Michigan Law Review

In Illinois also the time between arrest and indictment is considerable. According to the figures of the Illinois Crime Survey the median time after preliminary hearing before indictment of persons who pleaded guilty ranged from thirteen days in Chicago to thirty-seven days in other parts of the state. An average of another two days is added by the time between arrest and preliminary hearing. In Missouri, too, the time interval is long. It seems reasonable to assume, therefore, that in the federal courts the time between arrest and indictment is at least as long, especially in districts where grand juries …

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Limitation Of Diversity Jurisdiction In Cases Affecting Foreign Corporations, Gustavus Ohlinger Apr 1932

Limitation Of Diversity Jurisdiction In Cases Affecting Foreign Corporations, Gustavus Ohlinger

Michigan Law Review

On February 29, 1932, President Hoover sent to the Senate and House of Representatives a message recommending that the jurisdiction of federal courts based on diversity of citizenship be modified by "providing that where a corporation, organized under the laws of one State, carries on business in another State it shall be treated as a citizen of the State wherein it carries on business as respects suits brought within that State between it and the residents thereof arising out of the business carried on in such State."

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The "Common Questions" Principle In The Code Provision For Representative Suits, William Wirt Blume Apr 1932

The "Common Questions" Principle In The Code Provision For Representative Suits, William Wirt Blume

Michigan Law Review

When the object of a creditors' suit is to reach, establish and administer assets in the hands of a trustee who holds them for the benefit of all the creditors, the suit must be by all the creditors or by one or more for the benefit of all. In other types of creditors' suits, for example to set aside a fraudulent conveyance, joinder of all the creditors is not required. Each may sue alone, two or more may join, or one or more may sue for the benefit of all.

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Corporations - Corporate Reorganization Under Charter Agreement -Validity Of Enabling Statutes Apr 1932

Corporations - Corporate Reorganization Under Charter Agreement -Validity Of Enabling Statutes

Michigan Law Review

That reorganization is vexatious, frequently long drawn out and costly, is universally conceded. In the absence of statutory provisions, the only known judicial process whereby a court may set a reorganization in motion is a foreclosure and sale, or sale by court decree in an equity receivership. In most cases the real and only purpose of a reorganization is to work out a capital structure which the business of the corporation will support, hence, the sale under foreclosure or by court decree is a device rather than an independent end. As a result, much confusion and uncertainty exist under the …

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Expanding Principles Of Jurisdiction Apr 1932

Expanding Principles Of Jurisdiction

Michigan Law Review

In the recent case of Frank S. Young Co. v. McNeal-Edwards Co., the plaintiff, a Massachusetts corporation, purchased a quantity of oil from the defendant, a Virginia corporation, the vendee to return the oil drums. Alleging a breach of warranty, the plaintiff filed suit in Massachusetts, gaining jurisdiction by attachment of the oil drums. Subsequently the defendant filed suit for conversion of these oil drums, upon which the plaintiff dropped his first suit and started this suit in the federal court by a service of process upon the attorney of record of the defendant in its suit as provided …

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A Valuable Handbook, John B. Waite Apr 1932

A Valuable Handbook, John B. Waite

Michigan Law Review

A review of VOLD ON SALES. (Hornback Series) By Lawrence Vold.

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Equitable Limitations On Statutory Or Charter Powers Given To Majority Stockholders, Norman D. Lattin Mar 1932

Equitable Limitations On Statutory Or Charter Powers Given To Majority Stockholders, Norman D. Lattin

Michigan Law Review

The object of this paper is to examine certain fundamental corporate changes which statutes or articles frequently authorize majority stockholders, or a certain proportion of all, to bring about, and to ascertain whether courts have looked simply to the literal wording of the authority and have sanctioned the action if in accord with the statute or whether they have implied equitable restrictions in spite of apparently unlimited authority in the statute or articles. How far, for example, have courts gone in the direction of the business man's idea that the corporation, after all, is a democratic affair, and that the …

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Civil Pleading In Scotland, Robert Wyness Millar Mar 1932

Civil Pleading In Scotland, Robert Wyness Millar

Michigan Law Review

It might be expected that, after the lodging of the answers and pleas in law on the part of the defender, a brief period would now be allowed the pursuer to put in a reply to any affirmative allegations contained in the defender's pleading. But this is not the case, at least in the sense of his lodging a separate pleading. He is given opportunity to reply, but by way of revising his condescendence. Basically, the principle is the same as that obtaining in our classic chancery practice, whereby the complainant amended his bill in order to include any special …

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Equity- Constitutional Law - Power Of Legislature To Change Equitable Doctrines Mar 1932

Equity- Constitutional Law - Power Of Legislature To Change Equitable Doctrines

Michigan Law Review

A Nebraska statute provided that in case of insolvency of a state bank the general depositors, subject to prior liens for taxes, have a first lien on all assets of the bank. A bank converted a note deposited for a special purpose, and indistinguishably mingled the proceeds with the general assets of the bank before insolvency. The deposit was held to have created a trust and the cestui was allowed to recover the amount of the note (trust fund) as a preferred claim upon the general assets of the bank. To the argument that this statute prohibited the imposition of …

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Corporations - Right Of Stockholders To Compel Leave To Inspect Books Of A Delaware Corporation Mar 1932

Corporations - Right Of Stockholders To Compel Leave To Inspect Books Of A Delaware Corporation

Michigan Law Review

At common law an incident to the ownership of stock in a corporation is the right or privilege to inspect the books or records of the corporation. The right is analogous to that of partners to examine the records and books of the firm. However, it is not an absolute, unqualified right at common law, but one which is conditional on the good faith and proper purposes of the stockholder.

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Equity-Injunctions - Enjoining Police Officers Mar 1932

Equity-Injunctions - Enjoining Police Officers

Michigan Law Review

The plaintiff asked for a temporary injunction restraining the defendant sheriff from raiding or otherwise interfering with a "marathon" dance contest conducted in a regularly licensed dance hall. No statute making such contests illegal was cited by the defendant. There was considerable evidence that the sheriff, who had formerly approved of the marathon, was using his authority to extort $5,000 from the plaintiff. Held, equity can restrain officers from extra-judicial condemnation by physical means, such as raids and continuous trespasses destroying the plaintiff's business, on the mere claim that the criminal law may be violated. Ruty v. Huelsenbeck (N. …

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Partnership - Bankruptcy-Partner's Liability For Misappropriation Of Partnership Funds Not Discharged By His Bankruptcy Mar 1932

Partnership - Bankruptcy-Partner's Liability For Misappropriation Of Partnership Funds Not Discharged By His Bankruptcy

Michigan Law Review

After dissolution of the partnership, one partner appropriated sums of money belonging to the partnership to his own use. He was subsequently discharged in bankruptcy. His co-partner, by a cross-bill in a suit for the appointment of a receiver and for liquidation of the partnership, sought to hold him for the liability, and it was held that this liability was not discharged by his bankruptcy, since the money appropriated was the property of the firm, and his taking of it was wilful and malicious injury to the property of another, liability for which is exempted from discharge by sec. 17 …

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Public Officers - When Do They Owe A Duty To A Particular Individual Rather Than A Class? Mar 1932

Public Officers - When Do They Owe A Duty To A Particular Individual Rather Than A Class?

Michigan Law Review

The plaintiff, a stockholder in the Bank of the United States, sued the defendant, superintendent of banks for New York State, for losses sustained when the bank failed as a result of the defendant's failure to perform certain acts required by statute. Held, the defendant, being charged by statute with a duty to all the people of the state, owed no duty to the stockholders as individuals, and was not liable to the plaintiff. Walker v. Broderick, 252 N. Y. S. 559 (1931).

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An Extravagant Account Mar 1932

An Extravagant Account

Michigan Law Review

A review of OUR LAWLESS POLICE. By Ernest Jerome Hopkins.

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Civil Pleading In Scotland, Robert Wyness Millar Feb 1932

Civil Pleading In Scotland, Robert Wyness Millar

Michigan Law Review

Said Lord Chancellor Loreburn, in his answers to the questions addressed to him by Mr. Justice Lurton, preparatory to the drafting of the Federal Equity Rules of 1912: "It may be worth while for Mr. Justice Lurton and his coadjutors to consider the Scottish method of pleading which, in my opinion, is the best." This can only mean that the Lord Chancellor regarded the method in question as superior to that obtaining under the English Rules - certainly a high testimonial coming from such a quarter. Whether the opinion is justified or not is a question which may be left …

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Foreign Consul - Exemption From Suit In State Courts, Julius I. Puente Feb 1932

Foreign Consul - Exemption From Suit In State Courts, Julius I. Puente

Michigan Law Review

In a recent case decided in California the defendant, De Besa, and others, were licensed brokers, and in that character acted as fiscal agents for the sale of the stock of a certain California corporation. Plaintiff sued to rescind the contract for misrepresentation. Neither at the time suit was filed, nor at any time prior to the day when he testified at the trial was the defendant, De Besa, a recognized consular officer; but it seems (on this point the facts of the case are very vague) that on the date of the trial and at the time of the …

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Federal Practice - Class Suits - Community Of Interest Under Federal Equity Rule 38 Feb 1932

Federal Practice - Class Suits - Community Of Interest Under Federal Equity Rule 38

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff filed suit in a federal court, sitting in equity, in behalf of himself and others, to enjoin the collection of an illegal tax imposed by North Carolina upon peddlers of foreign fruit within that state. He alleged that 400 others were similarly situated and that over 100 of them had contributed to the expense of the litigation. Held, the individual legal remedy available under state statute was inadequate in view of the multiplicity of suits it necessitated, and the plaintiff was entitled under Federal Equity Rule 38 (post) to bring a class suit to enjoin the collection of …

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