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Against First Amendment Traditionalism, Jacob M. Schriner-Briggs

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents For Volume 114, Issue 2, Kentucky Law Journal

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

From Centralized To Decentralized Care: Assessing The Role Of Design In Cardiovascular Unit Performance, Lindsey Fay

Interiors Faculty Publications

This report presents a comprehensive pre- and post-occupancy evaluation of the University of Kentucky HealthCare Cardiovascular Unit, conducted through a collaborative effort between the College of Design, College of Communication and Information, UK HealthCare, and GBBN Architects. The study examines the transition from a centralized to a decentralized care delivery model within a newly constructed hospital environment, with the goal of understanding how spatial design influences healthcare delivery, staff performance, and patient experience.

Using a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques, including behavioral mapping, communication tracking, pedometer data, acoustic measurements, and staff and user feedback. …

Development Of Reduced Conflict U-Turn (Rcut) Guidance In Kentucky, Travis Thompson, Duane Thomas, Jill Asher, Jeff Jasper

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

A reduced conflict U-turn (RCUT) intersection eliminates left-turn and through movements from the minor road. Instead, drivers must turn right onto the main road and complete a U-turn at a downstream median opening. Recognized by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) as a proven safety countermeasure, RCUT intersections have reduced fatal and injury crashes 22 – 63%. Despite more than 35 RCUT intersections in operation across Kentucky, the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) lacked specific guidance for their planning, design, construction, and operation.

This project, conducted by the Kentucky Transportation Center (KTC) in cooperation with KYTC, addressed this gap through a comprehensive …

Impact Of Schedule V Controlled Substance Classification Of Gabapentin On Adult Gabapentin-Involved Overdose Rates, West Virginia, 2016–2019, Katherine Gora Combs, Juan M. Hincapie-Castillo, Nabarun Dasgupta, Rachel Vickers-Smith, Alan Kinlaw, Gordon S. Smith, Stephen W. Marshall

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Objective: Assess the association between West Virginia’s classification of gabapentin as a schedule V controlled substance and fatal overdoses involving gabapentin, relative to a control state. Methods: Using a controlled interrupted time series design, we modeled a segmented linear regression using Newey-West standard errors to estimate the immediate and trend changes in gabapentin-involved fatal overdoses among adults in West Virginia associated with gabapentin’s scheduling in June 2018. Data from North Carolina (no gabapentin scheduling) was used as a control to account for potential secular changes. Quarterly rates were computed from 2016 to 2019. Results: The introduction of West Virginia’s policy …

Locus Coeruleus Tdp-43 Pathology In A Community-Based Cohort, Allison M. Neltner, Ryan K. Shahidehpour, Megan E. Hall, Xiaotong Ning, Shuling Fister, Hannah Kang, Sonya Anderson, Gregory A. Jicha, Tiffany L. Lee, Erin L. Abner, David W. Fardo, Peter T. Nelson

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

The locus coeruleus (LC) is the source of norepinephrinergic innervation in the human brain. Locus coeruleus pathology has been linked to clinical conditions such as cognitive impairment and behavioral and psychiatric symptoms of dementia (BPSD). However, phosphorylated TDP-43 (pTDP-43) pathology in the LC has been understudied, particularly in the contexts of aging and limbic predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE-NC). Here, a convenience sample (n = 134) of autopsied participants from the University of Kentucky Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center community-based cohort was analyzed for LC pTDP-43 and phosphorylated tau (pTau) pathologies. Locus coeruleus pTDP-43 pathology was found in 28/134 …

Cellular Senescence Links Muscle Atrophy And Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis After Acl Injury, Alexander R. Keeble, Allison Owen, Sara Gonzalez-Velez, Nicholas T. Thomas, Camille R. Brightwell, Peyton J. Balawender, Madeline G. O'Daniel, Helena C. Weiss, Haley Noehren, Heather Thompson, Karen Sofia Zuluaga-Osorio, Zane T. Bates, Lauren Gottlieb, Douglas E. Long, Douglas Harrison, Philip Kern, Caitlin E. Conley, Michael A. Samaan, Stephen Duncan, Austin Stone, Darren Johnson, Yuan Wen, Brian Noehren, Cory Dungan, Christopher Fry

Biology Faculty Publications

Traumatic knee injury leads to posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) and significant skeletal muscle weakness, resulting in chronic disability. The current standard of care frequently fails to prevent musculoskeletal dysfunction, underscoring the need to identify therapeutic mechanisms of PTOA. Using an established preclinical anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) transection model of PTOA and leveraging an innovative SPiDER-senescence-associated β-galactosidase stain to discern senescent cells, we investigated cellular senescence at single-cell resolution and identified anti-inflammatory macrophages as a predominant contributor to the senescent cell burden in both muscle and knee joint after injury. Clearance of senescent cells using the senolytic dasatinib and quercetin (D + …

Chameleon Carriers In Trucking: Detection, Enforcement, And Financial And Safety Impacts, Brian Howell, Drew Law, Andrew Martin

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Chameleon carriers are motor carriers that evade regulatory enforcement by dissolving and reregistering under new corporate identities. This study, commissioned by the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC), examined how states characterize, detect, and respond to chameleon carrier activity and assessed its financial and safety impacts in Kentucky from 2020 through 2025. The research team conducted a literature review of existing agency practices and relevant stakeholder perspectives, reviewed administrative codes and statutes across 13 pilot states, and administered two structured surveys to state motor carrier credentialing officials examining carrier characterization and enforcement practices. An analysis of KYTC's carrier data flagged by CVIEW …

Neutralization Of Reactive Oxygen Species With Cobinamide Augments Aortic Dissections And Rupture In Bapn-Administered Mice, Alexis Richard, Zhen Zhou, Jose Emiliano Esparza Pinelo, Callie S. Kwartler, Hema Kalyanaraman, Gerry R. Boss, Hong S. Lu, Alan Daugherty, Dianna M. Milewicz

Physiology Faculty Publications

Thoracic aortic aneurysms involving the root and ascending aorta progressively enlarge and can lead to life-threatening acute aortic dissections, collectively termed thoracic aortic disease (TAD). Oxidative stress due to an excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been implicated in TAD pathogenesis by promoting vascular inflammation, extracellular matrix degradation, and smooth muscle cell apoptosis. Cobinamide (Cbi), a potent antioxidant and vitamin B12 analog, has been reported to slow aortic aneurysm growth in TAD mouse models. We evaluated its efficacy in mice administered b-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) to induce TAD, a model in which aneurysms progress to dissections. C57BL/6J mice of both sexes …

Historical Impact Of Climate Change And Progress Of Genetic Traits On Yield In The Major Soybean (Glycine Max L.) Growing Provinces Of South Africa, Vuwani Makuya, Michael Van Der Laan, Montserrat Salmerón, Gianni Bellocchi, Annelie De Beer, Robert Mangani

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

Context and objective: Soybean production in South Africa is increasingly threatened by climate change; but the historical interplay between changing climate and genetic improvement on yield remains unexplored. This study assessed the historical influence of climate change and genetic trait improvement on soybean yield from 1998 to 2022 across four different South African localities: Bethlehem, Delmas, Brits and Potchefstroom. Methods: Seasonal climate trends were evaluated using the non–parametric tests, yield anomalies were quantified using detrended standardized residuals, and the effects of rainfall and temperature on yield were analyzed through Bayesian hierarchical modelling. The contribution of genetic improvement to yield gains …

Sex-Specific Adaptive Immune Responses In Spinal Cord Injury, Reena Kumari, John C. Gensel

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Rural And Urban Availability Of Substance Use Treatment Facilities, Aaron P. Smith, Tyrone F. Borders

Rural & Underserved Health Research Center Publications

Overview of Key Findings

• Rural counties have higher per capita numbers of substance use disorder treatment facilities than urban counties on average, but also greater variability and large pockets of unmet need.

• The highest proportions of residents living in counties without any treatment facilities are concentrated in rural areas within the Midwestern and Southern United States.

• Rural and urban treatment facilities offer medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) at similar rates, with inpatient facilities most likely to provide MOUD, followed by residential and outpatient settings.

High-Deductible Health Plans In Rural And Urban Populations: Outpatient Utilization And Out-Of-Pocket Costs, Aaron P. Smith, Jefferey Talbert

Rural & Underserved Health Research Center Publications

Overview of Key Findings This policy brief explores rural-urban differences in High-Deductible Health Plan (HDHP) enrollment, subsequent healthcare utilization, and out-of-pocket (OOP) costs. ▪ HDHP enrollment was uncommon. Rural residents were slightly less likely to enroll than urban residents across all demographic groups. ▪ Switching plans influenced utilization. Compared to those who did not change healthcare plans, switching from a Traditional plan to a HDHP was associated with a larger reduction in 2022 outpatient visits for both rural and urban residents. Moving from a HDHP to a Traditional plan was associated with a smaller reduction in 2022 outpatient visits for …

Rural/Urban Disparities In Utilization Of Diabetes Self-Management Training (Dsmt) To The Fee-For-Service Medicare Population, 2017–2024, Wanying Zhu, Aleksandr Taraskin, Jeffrerey Talbert

Rural & Underserved Health Research Center Publications

Key Report Highlights

• A significant rural DSMT access gap exists. Rural beneficiaries accounted for 20.1% of Medicare beneficiaries with diabetes but only 7.8% of DSMT participants.

• Geographic availability remains limited. Only 16.8% of counties with DSMT utilization were rural.

• Access, not demand, appears to be the primary challenge. Rural counties offering DSMT achieved utilization rates more than twice those observed in urban counties (6.0% vs. 2.5%).

• Expanding rural DSMT capacity may represent a high-impact opportunity to improve diabetes self-management support among underserved Medicare beneficiaries.

Non-Metropolitan Vs. Metropolitan Variations In Alcohol, Illicit Drug, And Prescription Therapeutic Drug Misuse, Tyrone F. Borders

Rural & Underserved Health Research Center Publications

Key Findings

Alcohol Use. The prevalence of past year and past 30-day drinking was lower among non-metropolitan (non-metro) than metropolitan (metro) residents. However, non-metro drinkers engaged in more frequent binge drinking than metro drinkers. Drinking 3-5, 6-19, and 20-30 days over the past 30 days were higher among non-metro than metro residents.

Illicit Drug Use. Hallucinogens were the mostly commonly used illicit drugs among non-metro as well as metro residents. Methamphetamine use was significantly higher among non-metro than metro residents.

Prescription Pain Reliever Use. The misuse of prescription pain killers, primarily prescription opioids, was higher among non-metro than …

Technological Behaviour Of Pellets Containing Dried Green Crop, Christian Furll

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Pelleted dried green crop presents essential advantages compared to chaff and meal as processing forms. Normally, the solidity of the pellets does not exceed the values required by animal feeding. Abrasion resulting from turnover processes is at present too high, particularly for the discharge of bins. Belt conveyors, vibrating conveyors, and bucket elevators are suitable to convey pellets. Storage of pellets over long periods has to be done by respecting prescribed climate conditions. Zones with excessive portion of abraded par­ticles in the storing pile are a preferred cause for self-heating. Slit-type dosing units as well as dosing units equipped with …

Results Of Comparative Investigations Into The Chevving And Ruminating Activities Of The Dairy Cow Fed Dried Forage From Grass And Leguminous Crops, B Piatkowski, S Nagel

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The chewing and ruminating activities were studied of dairy cows fed grass, alfalfa, and straw of different physical forms. An electronic­ally controlled measuring device was applied. When feeding 8 kg of grass hay (32 % crude fibre in dry matter), the ruminating time was 5: 24 and 1 :49 hours (20,712 and 6,982 ruminat­ing movements) for chopped and ground + pelleted forages, respectively. It declined from 1 : 49 to 0: 0 l hours (from 6,929 to 70 move­ments) when hot-air dried alfalfa (23 % crude fibre) was fed in chopped and ground + pelleted forms, respectively. The ruminating time …

Feed Efficiency In Dairy Cows Of Roughages Preserved And Treated In Different Ways, M Zausch, E Boldt

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Trials were conducted with dairy cows to investigate the feed efficiency of grass-clover mixture (wilted silage, silage made of fresh material with addition of foDTiic acid, artifi­cially dried forage, pellets with varying portions of straw). The results obtained allow to draw the following conclusions:

As regards dry matter intake, digestibility, and feed efficiency, grass-dover for wilted silage should be wilted to give a OM content not exceeding 40 %.

Pelleting artificially dried grass-clover mix­ture and its use in mixed rations together with other separately pelleted components should be avoided.

The best feed efficiency is reached when dried grass-clover is converted …

The Influence Of Dried And Ensiled Grass On Rumen Fermen­Tation, J Voigt, B Piatkowski

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Rumen-fistulated cows were used to study the influence of the forage preservation technique on rumen fermentation and holdup time of the feed in the rumen. Cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata) preserved as wilted silage or dried green crop was fed in the following variants: wilted silage alone; wilted silage + sugar beet + protein supplement; dried green crop alone; dried green crop + sugar beet + protein supplement. As compared with dried green crop, the shares of true protein and sugar in wilted silage were reduced from 9.8 • to 6.4 '.'I􀉧 and from 7.7 to 1.8 %in DM, respectively. In comparison …

Changes In Feeding Value Of Preserved Grass And Legumes By The Action Of High Temperatures, R Prym, F Weissbach

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

High temperatures acting on grass and legumes during preservation and storage, cause nutrient digestibility to deteriorate. Protein digestibility is likely to be most strongly affected. Digest­ibility measurements were performed on sheep to estimate the extent of heat damage suffered by dried green forage and silages. Various laboratory methods were applied for record­ing. such damage. The detennination of the acid-detergent insoluble crude protein portion proved a very suitable approach.

Growth And Nitrogen Retention Of Lambs Fed Alfalfa Dehy­Drated At Different Temperatures, H K. Goering

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Alfalfa was dried at four temperatures ranging from 60 to 180 °C in two experiments to evaluate the effect on composition, diet di­gestibility, and growth by lambs. In Experi­ment I, the alfalfa was supplemented with 0.6 % salt and pelleted. In Experiment 2, alfalfa was supplemented with 24.4 % starch, 18.5% straw, 6% cane molasses, 0.5% sodium phosphate, and 0.6 % salt so that total nitrogen intake was not in excess of the protein require­ment for growth of the lambs. Cell wall, acid­detergent fiber, lignin, acid-detergent insoluble nitrogen, and pepsin insoluble nitrogen in­creased in the alfalfa dried at 180 °C. …

Non-Mechanical Field Losses In Wilting Grasses As Influenced By Different Factors, G Rucker, O Knabe

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

When wilting grasses, non-mechanical field losses of different extent may occur. The main factors influencing the extent of losses were: water content at cutting time, drying rate, temperature, amount of rain, swath den­sity, and content of water-soluble carbohy­drates in the crop.

The Effect Of Mechanical, Thermal And Chemical Treatment On The Loss Of Water From Cut Leaves Of Grasses, Colin Edward Harris

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Laboratory experiments have demonstrated that cut grass -leaves have a high resistance to water loss, probably largely due to the imper­meability of the surface cuticle to water vapour. This resistance can be reduced and drying rate increased by thermal and mechanical treatment, and by exposure to the vapour of boiling petroleum ether. The effectiveness of formic acid and tri-n-butyl phosphate suggests the possibility of using chemicals to increase the drying rate of grass crops cut for hay and dried in the field.

Measures For Increasing The Efficiency Of Hot-Air Drying Of Forage, Siegfried Prufer, Gerd Neubert

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In the GDR, the drying of wilted green forage as well as of whole plants of cereals and grain maize considerably improves the effi­ciency of hot-air drying as a whole. The proc­essing of wilted crop and the inclusion of whole-plant drying in the drying pattern cause the throughput to increase by 30 to 50% and fuel consurnption per ton of dried crop to de­crease by up to 50 %, in comparison with drying of fresh green forage containing 15 to 18 % dry matter. Hot-air drying is particularly suitable for feed production along industrial lines. -Being but little dependent on …

Gdr Standard Plant For Producing Feed Pellets On Straw Basis, Gerheard Schmidt

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Following the international trend, livestock production units are growing in size. Straw, a major feed reserve, must be effectively utilized to meet the growing roughage requirements, especially of ruminants. Therefore, in the GDR a standard feed pelleting plant (type GF A) was developed and put to commercial production. The various machines and equipment em­ployed in the different stages of the GFA pellet­ing technology are explained in detail. The use of that standard feed pelleting plant shows the advantages of processing straw for semi-finished and finished feeds.

The Efficiency Of Producing And Feeding Complete-Ration Feed Briquets Containing Forage Chop, G V. Blagoveshcheski, V M. Sokolov

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Production of forage chop from a clover­timothy mixture is efficient when harvesting the forage between the shooting of clover (35 to 40 cm stand height) and mid-flowering. For high-temperature drying, each vegetative stage of the plants requires a clearly defined regime. When establishing formulas for com­plete-ration feed briquets containing clover­timoihy chop harvested before clover budding, the protein/carbohydrate ratio must be bal­anced by supplementing the ration with 30 p.c. barley meal and 29 p.c. straw; when the mix­ture was harvested during budding, phos­phorus supplementation (one p.c. monocal­cium phosphate) is necessary, whilst the mix­ture harvested during flowering has to be supplemented with …

The Production Of Dry Feeds From Straw And Green Forage In The Gdr, Fritz Berg

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In the GDR, at present about 9% of the feed energy requirement of cattle is covered by dry feeds, above all mechanically processed and chemically treated straw as well as dried green forages. This share is expected to rise to 15 % in forthcoming years. On the basis of technological fundamentals devised by animal nutritionists, corresponding production processes are being developed and perfected. They allow to convert the feedstuffs into a physical and chemical form favourable to high intake; in addition, the feeding value of high-fibre feedstuffs is improved. In this way, the feedstuffs are fed in favourable com­bination as …

Evaluation And Determination Off Actors Defining The Length Of Thin-Stalked Green Forage Chop, Peter Szendro

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A more exact analysis of the length distribution of chopped material from thin-stalked green forage crops provides more information for the further processing of this material and for comparing the quality of work of the different technologies. Material cut into longer and less homoge­neous chop with heavier destruction of the green plant particles shows properties more suitable for further processing than chop harvested with a self-propelled precision-chop forage harvester. In consideration of the special importance of the questions discussed it seems advisable to continue the experiments and to perform them under production conditions as well; the results thus obtained will …

Organization Of Wilted Silage Production Along Industrial Lines In The Selbelang Inter-Farm Cooperative Crop Produc­Tion Division, Hunter Watzke, Karl Bachmann

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The production of high-quality wilted silages on the basis of highly efficient machines and facilities for harvesting and preservation in the Selbelang inter-farm cooperative crop pro­duction division (KAP) is determined by the use of industrial methods of production. Ob­servance of optimum spans for harvesting forage to be used for the production of wilted silage, and the full utilization of machinery and facilities at rising levels of labour pro­ductivity and declining cost are achieved by way of complex and shift employment of machines, facilities, and workers. The size of machine complexes and their performance are dependent on the shape, equipment and …

Possibilities Of Ensiling Meadow Grass With Different Water Content, Roman Moraczewski, Helena Jurkiewicz

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The paper involves results of investigations into the influence of various methods of grass preservation, different cutting times, and dif­Jerent water contents on the nutrient and min­eral levels in the silage. These results show good possibilities of preserving meadow grass by ensiling. Silage fodder has higher contents of crude protein, crude fibre, crude fat, and ash constituents than are found in hay dried under optimum conditions.