Digital Commons Network^™

Electrochemical Evaluation Of A Multi-Site Clinical Depth Recording Electrode For Monitoring Cerebral Tissue Oxygen, Ana Ledo, Eliana Fernandes, Jorge E. Quintero, Greg A. Gerhardt, Rui M. Barbosa

Neurosurgery Faculty Publications

The intracranial measurement of local cerebral tissue oxygen levels—PbtO₂—has become a useful tool for the critical care unit to investigate severe trauma and ischemia injury in patients. Our preliminary work in animal models supports the hypothesis that multi-site depth electrode recording of PbtO₂ may give surgeons and critical care providers needed information about brain viability and the capacity for better recovery. Here, we present a surface morphology characterization and an electrochemical evaluation of the analytical properties toward oxygen detection of an FDA-approved, commercially available, clinical grade depth recording electrode comprising 12 Pt recording contacts. We found that …

Somatic Embryogenesis And Plant Regeneration From Immature Inflorescences Of Pennisetum Purpureum Schumach (Napier Grass), Xiaoxian Zhong, Jianming She, Hongru Gu, Jianli Zhang, Wanchao Ni

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Gather, Educate, Prepare: Libraries As Champions To Build Informed And Climate-Resilient Communities, Adrian K. Ho, René Tanner, Monika Antonelli

Library Presentations

The past few years have witnessed increasing numbers of discussions and programs about the impacts of climate change, addressing topics from the devastating wildfires in California, relentless heat waves in Europe, to the accelerating thaw of the ice sheet in Greenland. The media has described the social atmosphere using such terms as climate angst, ecological grief, and existential crisis. Weighed down by a steady stream of climate news, some people have sought professional help for guidance on tackling emotional responses to natural disasters and climate trauma. Meanwhile, many of us are wondering what can be done. As a central player …

Differences Between Teacher-Focused Twitter Hashtags And Implications For Professional Development, Spencer P. Greenhalgh

Information Science Faculty Publications

Twitter hashtags may serve as valuable means for teachers' professional development. However, given the diversity of hashtag spaces and teacher needs, teachers must assess a given hashtag and compare it to their learning needs and preferences before determining whether it would be helpful. To support this reflection, I examine data associated with 60 Regional Educational Twitter Hashtags (RETHs) during the first six months of 2016 to begin describing the variety of teacher learning-focused Twitter spaces and make distinctions between them. My results indicate that these RETHs vary according to their relative focus on sharing, intimacy of personal connection, and volume …

Effect Of Exogenous Hormone And Explants Maturity On Callus Induction In Psathyrostachys Juncea, Lan Yun, Jinfeng Yun, Junqin Li

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Travellers’ Willingness To Pay And Perceived Value Of Time In Ride-Sharing: An Experiment On China, Jamie M. Chen, Jesper De Groote, James F. Petrick, Tracy Lu, Peter Nijkamp

Retailing and Tourism Management Faculty Publications

Rapid development of the ride-sharing economy has led to a rising need to better understand travellers’ decision making regarding their travel time and cost. The present study conducted a travel choice experiment using smartphone applications, based on data collected from 532 respondents and 2128 stated-preference surveys in China. Based on prospect theory, the experiment utilized a coupon reward policy to analyze how much ride-sharing platforms might influence travellers’ choices in both work and leisure contexts. The results of an ordered logit model revealed that older residents were likely to pay more to reduce waiting time. It was further found that …

Resolving Metabolic Heterogeneity In Experimental Models Of The Tumor Microenvironment From A Stable Isotope Resolved Metabolomics Perspective, Teresa W-M Fan, Richard M. Higashi, Yelena Chernayavskaya, Andrew N. Lane

Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The tumor microenvironment (TME) comprises complex interactions of multiple cell types that determines cell behavior and metabolism such as nutrient competition and immune suppression. We discuss the various types of heterogeneity that exist in solid tumors, and the complications this invokes for studies of TME. As human subjects and in vivo model systems are complex and difficult to manipulate, simpler 3D model systems that are compatible with flexible experimental control are necessary for studying metabolic regulation in TME. Stable Isotope Resolved Metabolomics (SIRM) is a valuable tool for tracing metabolic networks in complex systems, but at present does not directly …

A Network Graph Technique For The Design Of Electric Aircraft Power Systems, Damien Lawhorn, Vandana Rallabandi, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

Today the electrification of flight is more popular than ever, creating a wide array of concept aircraft and associated power system topologies. In order to gain insights into benefits of these varying architectures, this paper introduces the development of a framework for electric aircraft power system (EAPS) optimization. The proposed framework accepts inputs from a designer in the form of component parameters and desired flight mission characteristics. A collective graph representing many architectures is formed, from which, subgraphs or power system topologies meeting the flight requirements are extracted and analyzed. An optimum topology meeting the flight requirements with minimum mass, …

Forage News [2020-06], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

No abstract provided.

Optimization Of Aggregated Ev Power In Residential Communities With Smart Homes, Huangjie Gong, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

Electric vehicles (EVs) tend to increase peak power for residences in the evening when house owners return home and begin charging. The aggregated EV charging demand can cause a sudden rise in the peak power at the distribution system level, resulting in a “dragon curve” Such phenomenon, combined with the “duck curve” that is caused by high photovoltaic (PV) penetration in residential communities, requires fast ramping rates and expanded capabilities for local distribution transformers and main feeder cables provided by the utility. As a solution, a residential energy storage system (RESS) can store surplus PV generation during midday and use …

Evaluation Of Alternative Rumble Strip Designs, William Nicholas Staats, Kenneth R. Agent, Brian K. Howell

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Since Kentucky’s initial rumble strip designs were adopted, there has been additional research and experimentation in other states with alternative designs as a response to complaints from the public about noise pollution caused by rumble strips. The new research indicates that other rumble strip designs might provide increased interior noise/vibration with decreased exterior noise. Application of these alternative designs in Kentucky could result in improved rumble performance, reduced damage to new pavement, decreased noise pollution, installation on roadways with lower speed limits, and allow reinstallation of rumbles on thin overlays/microsurfacing.

The research team reviewed national and state guidelines for conventional …

A Web-Based, Positive Emotion Skills Intervention For Enhancing Posttreatment Psychological Well-Being In Young Adult Cancer Survivors (Empower): Protocol For A Single-Arm Feasibility Trial, John M. Salsman, Laurie E. Mclouth, Michael Cohn, Janet A. Tooze, Mia Sorkin, Judith T. Moskowitz

Behavioral Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Adolescent and young adult cancer survivors (AYAs) experience clinically significant distress and have limited access to supportive care services. Interventions to enhance psychological well-being have improved positive affect and reduced depression in clinical and healthy populations but have not been routinely tested in AYAs.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this protocol is to (1) test the feasibility and acceptability of a Web-based positive emotion skills intervention for posttreatment AYAs called Enhancing Management of Psychological Outcomes With Emotion Regulation (EMPOWER) and (2) examine proof of concept for reducing psychological distress and enhancing psychological well-being.

METHODS: The intervention development and testing are …

Leaching Kinetics Of Rare Earth Elements From Fire Clay Seam Coal, Xinbo Yang, Rick Q. Honaker

Mining Engineering Faculty Publications

Recovery of rare earth elements (REEs) from coal samples collected from the Fire Clay coal seam using diluted mineral acid solutions was investigated. The initial processing step was coal recovery using conventional froth flotation which concentrated the REEs in tailing material resulting in an upgrade to values around 700 ppm on a dry whole mass basis. Leaching experiments were performed on the flotation tailings material using a 1.2 M sulfuric acid solution adjusted to a temperature of 75 °C to study the extractability of REEs from coal material. The effect of particle size, leaching time, leaching temperature, and solid concentration …

Public Demands On Intensive Grassland Systems And Agri-Environmental Policies Of Oecd Members, Alain Peeters

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Including Arachis Pintoi In Tropical Forages Diets Megathyrsus Maximus And Brachiaria Humidicola On In Vitro Methane Production, Diana Marcela Valencia Echavarría, Luis Alfonso Giraldo Valderrama, Alexandra Torres, Alejandra Marín Gomez

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Ruminants have the capability to ferment structural carbohydrates found in forages and obtain from them a usable form of energy to produce high quality food, i.e milk and meat (Kamra et al., 2012). However, as a gaseous by-product from the enteric fermentation of those carbohydrates, methane is produced in a significant proportion, being considered as one of the most important greenhouse gases (GHG). In Colombian tropical livestock, inclusion of legumes in on poor quality grasses diets based have allowed an improvement of their nutritive quality, besides enteric methanogenesis reduction because their content of condensed tannins (CT); however, this is not …

Down Regulation Of Receptor Like Kinase Gene In Apomictic Cenchrus Ciliaris, Shashi, Anuj Dwivedi, Vishnu Bhat

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Apomixis is a potential technology for agriculture to fix heterosis or hybrid vigor in hybrid plants. Cenchrus ciliaris which is a popular forage crop reproduces predominantly through apomixis and has been used as a model plant to understand genetic and molecular mechanisms controlling apomixis. A partial receptor like kinase gene (CcRLK) was isolated from apomictic C. ciliaris which showed exclusive expression in the embryo sacs of apomictic flowers compared to sexual embryo sacs during in situ hybridization analysis. This gene showed kinase and LRR domains implying its putative role in signaling pathways. In order to understand its …

Establishment Of High-Efficiency Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation Of Callus Derived From Sehima Nervosum, An Important Range Grass Species, Krishna Kumar Dwivedi, Tanu Sonkar, R. Katiyar, Auji Radhakrishna, P. Kaushal

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Sehima nervosum is one of the important rangeland grass in India, It is commonly known as Saen grass in India, white grass in Australia, and has also been reported from the Central East Africa and Sudan. It is a good forage grass and maybe utilized for grazing as well as for hay preparation. It is a perennial grass, prefers hot and dry climate and survive even in limited rainfalls. As this natural grass is found inherently rich in precursors for several industrially important biomolecules, fractionation of these precursors seems to be a promising endeavour. Production of nutraceuticals (prebiotic xylo-oligosaccharides) from …

Can Unconventional Immunomodulatory Agents Help Alleviate Covid-19 Symptoms And Severity?, Stephen W. Mamber, Steven Krakowka, Jeffrey L. Osborn, Lloyd Saberski, Ryan G. Rhodes, Albert E. Dahlberg, Sunthorn Pond-Tor, Kara Fitzgerald, Neal Wright, Sarah Beseme, John Mcmichael

Biology Faculty Publications

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of the respiratory infection known as COVID-19. From an immunopathological standpoint, coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2 induce increased levels of a variety of T-helper 1 (Th1) and inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, CCL2 protein, and CXCL10 protein. In the absence of proven antiviral agents or an effective vaccine, substances with immunomodulatory activity may be able to inhibit inflammatory and Th1 cytokines and/or yield an anti-inflammatory and/or Th2 immune response to counteract COVID-19 symptoms and severity. This report briefly describes the following four unconventional but …

Photosynthesis And Biomass Studies In Lasiurus Sindicus Of Chandan Grassland In Thar Desert, P. Raja, Maharaj Singh, Nilendu Singh, Nawalesh Kumar Sinha

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Grasslands comprise about one third of the world’s area of natural vegetation (Adams et al., 1990). Uncertainties prevail in the arid ecosystem with reference to carbon balance and fluxes which are primarily attributed to the sensitivity of grasslands to variation in annual precipitation, temperature and other regulating mechanisms of eco-physiological processes (Flanagan et al., 2002). It is therefore necessary to study radiation and water use efficiency of Lasiurus sindicus which is a predominant grass species in Chandan grassland of Thar desert to understand and evaluate its growth in relation to variation in climate. Also, it is pertinent to resolve …

Routes Of Dicyandiamide Uptake In Pasture Plants: A Preliminary Laboratory Study, Pranoy Pal, Andrew M. S. Mcmillan, Surinder Saggar

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A consequence of intensification of New Zealand pastures is increased nitrogen (N) inputs to the soil in the form of urine, dung and mineral fertiliser. Dairy cow urine has a high N content that causes large N losses from the grazed system via nitrate (NO₃^-) leaching, nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions and ammonia volatilization. Dicyandiamide (DCD) is a nitrification inhibitor that has been proven to reduce NO₃^- leaching and N₂O emissions, and increase pasture in New Zealand pastures (De Klein et al., 2014). DCD was commercially available for use in New …

Morphological Variability Potential Of Cenchrus Ciliaris L. Ecotypes On Their Phytochemical Substances And Antibacterial Activities, Dorai Pandian Kannan, S. Bagam Priyal

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Ecotypes are population of same species with different races, which is adapted to local environment Different ecotypes of a particular species may differ in their edaphic, biotic or microclimatic requirements (Linhart and Grant, 1996; Eppela et al., 2013) and such adaptation either become irreversible or genetically fixed variations. Cenchrus ciliaris L. (Tam: kollukottaipul, Eng. buffel grass, Sans: anjan grass) is a grass belonging to the family Poaceae and ephemeral in nature. In this species, habitat plays a significant role in the formation of ecotypes and several ecotypes are found in Cenchrus ciliaris L. including with varying …

Amino Acid Requirements In Horses, Chan Hee Mok, Kristine L. Urschel

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Evaluating amino acid requirements, specifically threonine requirements, in horses will enable better feed formulation and result in economic production, improved animal health, and reduced environmental pollution. However, the current knowledge of protein and amino acid requirements in horses is still limited. Because horses have a unique digestive system and consume a variety of feed ingredients, their protein digestibility may be affected than other species by different feed composition, and thus amino acid requirements are susceptible to vary between situations. Therefore, a careful evaluation of amino acid require ments with a proper method is needed for various conditions. This review will …

The Design And Analysis Of Large Solar Pv Farm Configurations With Dc Connected Battery Systems, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Vandana Rallabandi, Nicholas Jewell, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

Typically, solar inverters curtail or “clip” the available power from the PV system when it exceeds the maximum ac capacity. This paper discusses a battery system connected to the dc-link of an inverter to recuperate this PV energy. Contrary to conventional approaches, which employ two dc-dc converters, one each for the battery and solar PV system, the proposed configuration utilizes a single dc-dc converter capable of simultaneously operating as a charge controller and a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) tracking device. In addition to improving the overall system capacity factor, increasing the conversion efficiencies and ensuring MPPT stability, the proposed …

The Β3-Adrenergic Receptor Agonist Mirabegron Improves Glucose Homeostasis In Obese Humans, Brian S. Finlin, Hasiyet Memetimin, Beibei Zhu, Amy L. Confides, Hemendra J. Vekaria, Riham H. El Khouli, Zachary R. Johnson, Philip M. Westgate, Jianzhong Chen, Andrew J. Morris, Patrick G. Sullivan, Esther E. Dupont-Versteegden, Philip A. Kern

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND. Beige adipose tissue is associated with improved glucose homeostasis in mice. Adipose tissue contains β3-adrenergic receptors (β3-ARs), and this study was intended to determine whether the treatment of obese, insulin-resistant humans with the β3-AR agonist mirabegron, which stimulates beige adipose formation in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SC WAT), would induce other beneficial changes in fat and muscle and improve metabolic homeostasis.

METHODS. Before and after β3-AR agonist treatment, oral glucose tolerance tests and euglycemic clamps were performed, and histochemical analysis and gene expression profiling were performed on fat and muscle biopsies. PET-CT scans quantified brown adipose tissue volume and …

Masculinity, Migration, And Forced Conscription In The Syrian War, Kristin V. Monroe

Anthropology Faculty Publications

In this essay, I provide a different perspective on the Syrian conflict by examining how the war’s reach can also be located amid the losses, interruptions, and experiences of those Syrians who have until now largely escaped its incredible violence. By looking closely at how the war has altered the life trajectories of and produced distinct modes of vulnerability for military-age men, I develop an argument about how, although they avoid fighting by going to work in Qatar, the lives of a group of Syrian men remain defined by conscription. Through my investigation of how these men are located in …

Association Of Aβ With Ceramide-Enriched Astrosomes Mediates Aβ Neurotoxicity, Ahmed Elsherbini, Alexander S. Kirov, Michael B. Dinkins, Guanghu Wang, Haiyan Qin, Zhihui Zhu, Priyanka Tripathi, Simone M. Crivelli, Erhard Bieberich

Physiology Faculty Publications

Amyloid-β (Aβ) associates with extracellular vesicles termed exosomes. It is not clear whether and how exosomes modulate Aβ neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We show here that brain tissue and serum from the transgenic mouse model of familial AD (5xFAD) and serum from AD patients contains ceramide-enriched and astrocyte-derived exosomes (termed astrosomes) that are associated with Aβ. In Neuro-2a cells, primary cultured neurons, and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons, Aβ-associated astrosomes from 5xFAD mice and AD patient serum were specifically transported to mitochondria, induced mitochondrial clustering, and upregulated the fission protein Drp-1 at a concentration corresponding to 5 femtomoles …

Cultivating The Next Generation Of Pasture Scientists In Australia, Sarita Jane Bennett

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Current students coming through agricultural faculties in Australian universities have grown up in an era of low wool and meat prices, the introduction and acceptance of no-till farming as the norm and a general decrease in mixed farming landscapes in favour of continuous cropping. Since the collapse of the wool reserve price scheme in 1991, wool prices declined and income on wool producing farms followed suit. R & D during this period has also declined from 5-4% agricultural GDP in 1986 to only 3% in 2005 and has favoured research related to cropping rather than that related to pastures and …

Will Intergenerational Succession And Our Current Educational Systems Be Sufficient To Provide The Next Generation Of Farmers And Researchers?, Brian J. Revell

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

This paper reviews the implications of the age structure in farming and an aging farm population on productivity and innovation. It discusses the factors determining opportunities for new entrants, including those on family farms, and also those affecting outflow and retirement. The implications of recent international trends in agricultural graduate and post-graduate numbers are considered. Finally, issues and recent initiatives needed to address the problems of attracting new blood and expertise to the industry are outlined.

Incentive Sensitization For Exercise Reinforcement To Increase Exercise Behaviors, Kyle D. Flack, Harry M. Hays, Jack Moreland

Dietetics and Human Nutrition Faculty Publications

Individuals can be sensitized to the reinforcing effects of exercise, although it is unknown if this process increases habitual exercise behavior. Sedentary men and women (body mass index: 25–35 kg/m², N = 52) participated in a 12-week aerobic exercise intervention. Exercise reinforcement was determined by how much work was performed for exercise relative to a sedentary alternative in a progressive ratio schedule task. Habitual physical activity was assessed via accelerometry. Post-intervention increases in exercise reinforcement predicted increases in physical activity bouts among those who expended over 2000 kcal per week in exercise and who compensated for less than …

Crops, Rumps And Woolly Jumpers: An Innovative Extension Approach Enabling The Complexities Of Mixed Farming To Be Shared And Understood, Geoff R. Casburn, Helen M. Burns, Michelle Anderson, Toni M. Nugent, Patrick Sproule, Matthew Olsen, Richard C. Hayes

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The sheep-wheat belt of southern Australia accounts for about 19% and 57% of total Australian beef and sheep production, respectively. Most farm businesses in this zone are family owned and contain a mix of livestock and cropping enterprises. While the focus of most research, development and extension for mixed farming systems focuses on single components of the system (lamb, wool, beef, pastures, crops), the systems are complex and dynamic and cannot be understood by analysing the components in isolation. The enterprise synergies are dependent on economic, environmental and social factors. The farmers themselves are best equipped to explain the system …