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Articles 931 - 960 of 17270
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Intensive Use Of Young Japanese Cedar Forest For Grazing, K Sugawara, T Isawa, M Goto, I Ito
Intensive Use Of Young Japanese Cedar Forest For Grazing, K Sugawara, T Isawa, M Goto, I Ito
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Experiments were conducted to investigate the intensive forest grazing in young Japanese cedar forest by introducing improved pasture species to forest floor. Study area (1-year old Japanese cedar forest) was divided into three treatment plots; unseeded and unfertilized ( unseeded plot), seeded with nitrogen (N)- phosphorus (P)-potassium (K) fertilizer ( seeded-NPK plot) and seeded with twice amount of fertilizer ( seeded-2NPK plot). Herbage production, grazing capacity, injury to the tree by grazing cattle and growth of the tree were compared among the treatments. The mean of annual fresh matter yield was 11.6 t/ha at unseeded plot, 12.7 t/ha at seeded-NPK …
Reforestation And Cattle Grazing In Southern United States, Henry A. Pearson
Reforestation And Cattle Grazing In Southern United States, Henry A. Pearson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This research was undertaken to learn if cutover southern pine ranges can be sucessfully regenerated artificially with slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) while being grazed yearlong by beef cattle, Objectives were to determine the effects of various grazing intensities on the establishment and growth of slash pine and on herbage and cattle production, and the subsequent influence of pines on herbage and cattle production. Three range units comprising about 650 ha of cutover pine land were stocked to produce light, moderate, and heavy grazing intensities. Each year during a 4-year regeneration cycle, 17 percent of each range unit was …
Improvement Of Forest Grazing On Sado Island, H Hirota, T Suzuki
Improvement Of Forest Grazing On Sado Island, H Hirota, T Suzuki
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The develpoment of forest grazing in Sada Island is briefly outlined and the cause of the abrupt decline of Zoysia dominant vegetation during the last few decades is discussed. Some experimental results to improve the herbage production for forest grazing on the island are described. For example the invading bush trees should be controlled by either felling them down or applying herbicides, followed by vegetative propagation of Zoysia species and fertilizer application. Gentle slopeland can be renovated by oversowing cool temperate grass species; 15 Kg Dactylis glomerata, 10 Kg Lolium perenne, 5 Kg Paa pratensis and 5 Kg …
Grazing As A Part Of Agroforestry, Harold F. Heady
Grazing As A Part Of Agroforestry, Harold F. Heady
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Multiple use of land by the small landholder for food crops, trees and animals, often called agroforestry, holds great promise for aiding people near poverty in developing countries, but new forages and techniques of management must be developed.
Forest Grazing In Taiwan, M D. Huang, K J. Chen, Y J. Wu, J C. Yang
Forest Grazing In Taiwan, M D. Huang, K J. Chen, Y J. Wu, J C. Yang
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Due to the shortage of man-power in rural regions, forest grazing was tested as an alternative to eliminate the noxious plants dispersed on the timber plantations in Taiwan. Tree growth was not affected, when Hereford heifers were introduced to 4-year-old Taiwania cryptomerioides plantations(at 1,600 m altitude). Although indigenous water buffaloes were less tolerant to heat than the European cattle( Hereford and Holstein), they were able to show moderate body weight gain in the tough forest environment. Partial blood profiles obtained from buffaloes and cattle gave the same conclusion.
Effects Of Spring Mangement On Herbage Mass And Sward Characteristics In Ryegrass White Clover Pasture, B M. Butler, A.C P. Chu, P.N P. Mathews, C J. Korte
Effects Of Spring Mangement On Herbage Mass And Sward Characteristics In Ryegrass White Clover Pasture, B M. Butler, A.C P. Chu, P.N P. Mathews, C J. Korte
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The effects of grazing intensity and frequency were investigated on a ryegrass/white clover pasture. Large differences in herbage mass between treatments arose mostly from ryegrass reproductive stubble during spring and mid-summer and from dead reproductive stubble during mid-summer and early autumn. Leafy, vegetative pastures were achieved during the reproductive growth period by maintaining a sward residual of less than 500 kg leaf DM/ha (sward height 9 cm) and a grazing interval of less than 14 days (pre-grazing height 20 cm). The evidence suggests that reducing the mass or size of individual reproductive tillers can be equally effective as that of …
Biotechnology In The Improvement Of Forage Crops, Indra K. Vasil
Biotechnology In The Improvement Of Forage Crops, Indra K. Vasil
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Major advances in the cellular and molecular biology of plants recently have created new opportunities for the application of the many novel methods of biotechnology to the genetic modification and improvement of crop plants. The techniques of plant cell culture, particularly those allowing the regeneration of plants from single cells, play an important and integral role in the various strategies currently being pursued for plant improvement by unconventional means. In the past, initiation and maintenance of, as well as plant regeneration from, tissue cultures of species of the Gramineae (Poaceae) proved to be difficult. Nevertheless, cultures capable of plant regeneration …
Present State Of Grassland Production And Utilization And Future Perspectives For Grassland Farming In Humid Tropical Asia, I M. Nitis
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Forage in humid tropical Asia consists of natural pasture, crop residues, shrub and tree leaves. Reserch has shown that the yield and quality of such forage can be increased and performance of the livestock utilizing such forage can be improved. Grassland farming contributes to the feed supply for livestock, to conservation, and is one component of an integration, which may increase economic returns and maintain the ecological balance of the region. Future research emphases on companion cropping, three strata forage, development of tidal flooding areas, agroforestry, carbon/nitrogen cyling, pasture persistency, seed production, post harvest, forage utilization and farming modelling are …
Grassland Resources And Future Development Of Grassland Farming In Temperate China, Zhu Tingcheng, Li Jiandong, Zu Yuangang
Grassland Resources And Future Development Of Grassland Farming In Temperate China, Zhu Tingcheng, Li Jiandong, Zu Yuangang
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In the first part of the paper the grassland resources in the semiarid area of China are descrived. Grasslands cover 2.86 million km2 of the total territory and 100 million livestock are being raised there. Steppes and meadows are classified into several types according to the ecological types of the dominant species and environments, etc. Area, geographical distribution, community structure, species composition, dynamics, nutritive value of herbages, primary production and utilization of each grassland type are outlined. In the second part, the necessity to promote grassland farming and the possibility of its development are discussed based upon the land, population, …
An Interdisciplinary Approach For Increasing Yield And Improving Quality Of Forages, J R. Wilson
An Interdisciplinary Approach For Increasing Yield And Improving Quality Of Forages, J R. Wilson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The contribution of some basic plant disciplines, principally physiology and histology, to the improvement of pasture yield and quality is discussed. Studies of temperate pasture grasses have identified several sources of loss of potential yield and have provided selection criteria for increasing yield. Integration of this physiological research with studies of forage consumption on the same pastures is proving a valuable inter- disciplinary approach to defining management options for maximising pasture and/or animal productivity. In tropical grasses, research towards increasing total dry matter yield is perhaps unwarranted but there is need for more co-operative studies involving plant and animal scientists …
Contribution Of Grassland Science To The Development Of Forage Production And Future Perspectives For Grassland Farming In Japan, H Oizumi
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The utilization of grassland in Japan dates to fairy old times, but its real improvement in terms of industry did not start until the termination of the World War II. As the climatic conditions in Japan differ very much from those of European coutries, the style of grassland farming in Japan is somewhat different from that of Europe. The improvement of grassland farming in Japan after the World War II was divided into four stages, according to the tendency of the number of cattle and the acreage of forage crops. The Japanese Society of Grassland Science was established in 1954. …
Prospects For Increasing Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation In Temperate Grasslands, P/ Roger Ball, J R. Crush
Prospects For Increasing Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation In Temperate Grasslands, P/ Roger Ball, J R. Crush
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The contribution of some basic plant disciplines, principally physiology and histology, to the improvement of pasture yield and quality is discussed. Studies of temperate pasture grasses have identified several sources of loss of potential yield and have provided selection criteria for increasing yield. Integration of this physiological research with studies of forage consumption on the same pastures is proving a valuable inter- disciplinary approach to defining management options for maximising pasture and/or animal productivity. In tropical grasses, research towards increasing total dry matter yield is perhaps unwarranted but there is need for more co-operative studies involving plant and animal scientists …
Design Optimization And Scaling Of Coreless Afpm Machines Using Hybrid Fea-Based Differential Evolution And Machine Learning, Matin Vatani, David R. Stewart, Donovin D. Lewis, Dan M. Ionel
Design Optimization And Scaling Of Coreless Afpm Machines Using Hybrid Fea-Based Differential Evolution And Machine Learning, Matin Vatani, David R. Stewart, Donovin D. Lewis, Dan M. Ionel
Electrical and Computer Engineering Graduate Research
This paper presents a machine learning (ML) based design framework for the fast and accurate optimization of coreless axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines. Although the absence of magnetic cores eliminates material nonlinearity, the design process remains highly nonlinear due to the complex influence of geometric parameters. To overcome the computational challenges of finite element analysis (FEA)-based optimization, a series of multi-objective differential evolution (MODE) optimizations were conducted across various machine sizes at constant power output. The resulting design data was used to train an artificial neural network (ANN), enabling rapid prediction of machine performance without the need for repeated …
Estimating (Non)Linear Selection On Reaction Norms, Jordan S. Martin, Yimen G. Araya-Ajoy, Niels J. Dingemanse, Alastair J. Wilson, David F. Westneat
Estimating (Non)Linear Selection On Reaction Norms, Jordan S. Martin, Yimen G. Araya-Ajoy, Niels J. Dingemanse, Alastair J. Wilson, David F. Westneat
Biology Faculty Publications
Individual reaction norms describe how labile phenotypes vary as a function of organisms' expected trait values (intercepts) and plasticity across environments (slopes), as well as their degree of stochastic phenotypic variability or predictability (residuals). These reaction norms can be estimated empirically using multilevel, mixed-effects models and play a key role in ecological research on a variety of behavioral, physiological, and morphological traits. Many evolutionary models have also emphasized the importance of understanding reaction norms as a target of selection in heterogeneous and dynamic environments. However, it remains difficult to empirically estimate nonlinear selection on reaction norms, inhibiting robust tests of …
Torque-Speed Characteristic Estimation Based On Gaussian Processes And Adaptive Sampling Strategy For Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines, Marcelo D. Silva, Pedram Asef, Oluwaseun A. Badewa, Rosemary E. Alden, Dan M. Ionel
Torque-Speed Characteristic Estimation Based On Gaussian Processes And Adaptive Sampling Strategy For Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines, Marcelo D. Silva, Pedram Asef, Oluwaseun A. Badewa, Rosemary E. Alden, Dan M. Ionel
Electrical and Computer Engineering Graduate Research
Internal Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (IPMs) are widely used and typically optimized to meet specific performance requirements. Parameters such as base speed, maximum torque, and maximum speed commonly define the torque- speed characteristic of a given design. This study introduces a novel machine learning approach for statistically estimating the torque-speed characteristics of IPMs using Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), which models predictions as random variables. By leveraging uncertainty quantification, the study explores sampling strategies that enable the construction of a high-precision meta-model with minimal error and uncertainty. The proposed adaptive sampling strategy, combined with GPR, accurately estimates torque-speed characteristics and associated …
A Unified Analysis Of Likelihood-Based Estimators In The Plackett–Luce Model, Ruijian Han, Yiming Xu
A Unified Analysis Of Likelihood-Based Estimators In The Plackett–Luce Model, Ruijian Han, Yiming Xu
Mathematics Faculty Publications
The Plackett–Luce model has been extensively used for rank aggregation in social choice theory. A central statistical question in this model concerns estimating the utility vector that governs the model’s likelihood. In this paper, we investigate the asymptotic theory of utility vector estimation by maximizing different types of likelihood, such as full, marginal, and quasi-likelihood. Starting from interpreting the estimating equations of these estimators to gain some initial insights, we analyze their asymptotic behavior as the number of compared objects increases. In particular, we establish both uniform consistency and asymptotic normality of these estimators and discuss the trade-off between statistical …
An Animal Interest Approach Method As A Gateway To A One Health Educated Pipeline, Meghan C. Wulster-Radcliffe, Sarah A. Reed, James N. Macleod, Rebekah B. Epps, J. Scott Radcliffe, Robert J. Coleman, Steven A. Zinn
An Animal Interest Approach Method As A Gateway To A One Health Educated Pipeline, Meghan C. Wulster-Radcliffe, Sarah A. Reed, James N. Macleod, Rebekah B. Epps, J. Scott Radcliffe, Robert J. Coleman, Steven A. Zinn
Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Scaling Symmetry Of The Hodgkin-Huxley Mathematical Model, Vladimir Valerievich Galanin
Scaling Symmetry Of The Hodgkin-Huxley Mathematical Model, Vladimir Valerievich Galanin
Progress in Scale Modeling, an International Journal
A computational method based on the application of a scaling transformation to the Hodgkin-Huxley mathematical model of the biological neuron and its generalizations to the case of various neural systems is proposed. The method makes it possible: 1) to obtain invariants of the scaling transformation of the Hodgkin-Huxley model; 2) to find self-similarity regions corresponding to the modes of neural activity; 3) to determine the conditions for the similarity of models of various types of biological neurons; 4) to reduce the order of the system of differential equations of the Hodgkin-Huxley model for neural systems with synchronous activity. The capabilities …
Health On The Rocks: Geohealth In Kentucky, Rachel L. Washburn
Health On The Rocks: Geohealth In Kentucky, Rachel L. Washburn
Special Publication--KGS
Geohealth bridges the earth and life sciences, revealing how Kentucky’s unique geology directly shapes public health risks, clinical outcomes, and opportunities for innovation. This factsheet highlights the critical intersections between geologic processes and human health across the Commonwealth—from landslides, floods, and tornadoes to radon, mine drainage, and microbial contamination. It outlines how natural and anthropogenic forces influence respiratory illness, cancer, trauma, and infectious disease, and how bedrock and weather extremes define local exposure pathways. Beyond risk, it also showcases Kentucky’s leadership in developing geoscience-informed health solutions: bioremediation, microbial drug discovery, and geologic-health monitoring networks that strengthen preparedness and resilience. Understanding …
Intersystem Crossing Outcompetes Triplet-Pair Separation From1(Tt) Below 270 K In Anthradithiophene Films, Eman M. Bu Ali, Arnau Bertran, Gabriel Moise, Shuangqing Wang, Rachel C. Kilbride, John E. Anthony, Claudia E. Tait, Jenny Clark
Intersystem Crossing Outcompetes Triplet-Pair Separation From1(Tt) Below 270 K In Anthradithiophene Films, Eman M. Bu Ali, Arnau Bertran, Gabriel Moise, Shuangqing Wang, Rachel C. Kilbride, John E. Anthony, Claudia E. Tait, Jenny Clark
Chemistry Faculty Publications
Singlet fission (SF) and triplet–triplet annihilation (TTA) are processes which may be exploited to boost the efficiency of solar energy technology. Despite being studied since the late 1960s, the mechanism of singlet fission is still not fully understood. This is partly because the main technique used to study singlet fission, optical or visible/near-IR transient absorption spectroscopy, cannot distinguish between the strongly coupled triplet-pair state1(TT), weakly interacting triplet pairs (T..T), and independent triplet states T1+ T1. To solve this problem, we combine transient optical spectroscopy performed as a function of magnetic field and transient electron …
“Literally Made Me Cry”: The Impact Of Course Material Costs On University Of Kentucky Students, Stephen Krueger
“Literally Made Me Cry”: The Impact Of Course Material Costs On University Of Kentucky Students, Stephen Krueger
Library Reports and White Papers
The Student Course Materials Cost Survey was administered September 16 – October 6, 2024. It was open to current students at the University of Kentucky (UK). The goals were to help UK Libraries better understand how the cost of course materials affects students at UK and to provide a snapshot of student spending across the university. The questions were based on similar research done at other institutions in Virginia (Virginia Course Materials Survey, 2021) and Florida (2022 Student Textbook and Instructional Materials Survey, 2022). Other work based on those surveys includes the 2023 Illinois Course Materials Survey (CARLI, 2023) and …
The Effect Of Cellulolytic Enzyme Preparations As In Vitro Improvement For Forage Digestibility, G Bertin, Ph Hellings
The Effect Of Cellulolytic Enzyme Preparations As In Vitro Improvement For Forage Digestibility, G Bertin, Ph Hellings
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The systematic study of commercial preparations of fungal cellulases has been undertaken with the aim of determining the principal components and the contribution of each to the digestion of the plant cell wall. These enzymes, normally have three fold role-silage preservative by hydrolysing the cellulosic wall of plant material, cellulases make available fermentable sugars to the lactic bacteria. -Improvement of digestibility we can increase gain by 1 % of the dry matter in forage. - Improvement of intake if the animal digests more quickly his gut will empty more rapidly thus making it available sooner for a new intake of …
Effect Of Cellulase Preparation On Fermentation Of Silage, E No, Y Harasawa, A Ataku, N Narasaki, T Sueyoshi
Effect Of Cellulase Preparation On Fermentation Of Silage, E No, Y Harasawa, A Ataku, N Narasaki, T Sueyoshi
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The effects of cellulase preparation (Meicelase) on silage fermentation were studied using the first cutting alfalfa and timothy. In one-liter laboratory silos with Meicelase of 0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0:8% of the fresh grasses, the fermentative quality was examined throughout a 30 day ensilage period. The amount of the lactic acid in the silage with the Meicelase was considerably greater than the control silage with no additive. In addition, the pH of that silage was low and the content of water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) was high. However, the differences in the amount of Meicelase applied had no effects in the …
Effects Of Sample Drying Method On Estimates Of Nutritive Value Value, S Uchida, H Hayashi, T Horigome
Effects Of Sample Drying Method On Estimates Of Nutritive Value Value, S Uchida, H Hayashi, T Horigome
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The influence of different drying methods for the sample used for analysis on the estimates of the nutritive value of silage was investigated. The silages and hay were made from the same grass and fed to three wethers to determine digestibilities. The samples for analytical use of silages and hay fed, and feces excreted, were prepared by three drying techniques of freeze drying (F), oven drying at 60 C (L) and oven drying at 100 C (H) and then each dried sample was ground in a Wiley mill to pass a 0.5 mm screen. The residual moisture in prepared samples …
Effect Of Lactic Acid Bacteria On Silage Fermentation, Ph Hellings, G Bertin, M Vanbelle
Effect Of Lactic Acid Bacteria On Silage Fermentation, Ph Hellings, G Bertin, M Vanbelle
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Inoculants were tested to determine their suitability for use as silage aids. Studies carried out in laboratory indicated (1) that the minimum inoculum should be at least 105 viable organisms per gram of fresh fodder and (2) of all bacterial strains tested, only the Lactobacillus and, specifically, L. casei improved storage characteristics. But the efficiency of an inoculant was subordinated to the fermentable sugars content of the crops. In this respect, alfalfa and second cut grass had the lowest potential for ensilage. Energy was supplied as a mixture of milled barley and amylolytic complex. The influence of a 1: 1: …
Ensilage Of Alfalfa Press-Cake. A Kinetic Model For Ph, Acidity And Nitrogen Evolution, G Amdrich, L Lencioni, R Florentini, G Anelli
Ensilage Of Alfalfa Press-Cake. A Kinetic Model For Ph, Acidity And Nitrogen Evolution, G Amdrich, L Lencioni, R Florentini, G Anelli
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A kinetic model to describe the time evolution of pH, acidity, metabolizable nitrogen and k1 • B, ( a function related to the bacteria concentration) during ensilage of alfalfa press-cake is suggested. The basic hypotheses of the model are given together with the related differential and integral equations. The kinetic model has been tested using experimental data obtained from two samples of alfalfa press-cake respectively ensiled with and without acid addition. The correlation coefficients obtained indicate the reliability of the suggested model.
Ensilage Of Alfalfa Press-Cake, G Anelli, G Andrich, M Contini, L Lencioni
Ensilage Of Alfalfa Press-Cake, G Anelli, G Andrich, M Contini, L Lencioni
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The Istituto Industrie Agrarie of the University of Pisa has developed a wet green crop fractionation process which involves the ensilage of the press-cake. This note reports some experimental results on the alfalfa press-cake ensiled with or without addition of acid. The evolution of silages was evaluated through organoleptic and chemical parameters. The good behaviour· during the ensilage shows that alfalfa press-cake is suitable to be ensiled even without previous acidification.
Coagulation Of Sheep Milk Added With Alfalfa Juice And Protein Concentrate, L Lencioni, R Florentini, A M. Pisanelli, C Galoppini
Coagulation Of Sheep Milk Added With Alfalfa Juice And Protein Concentrate, L Lencioni, R Florentini, A M. Pisanelli, C Galoppini
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This note reports some experimental results on the preparation of food-grade products obtained by enzyme coagulation of sheep milk added with alfalfa juice, decolourized whole protein concentrate and cytoplasmic protein concentrate. Working conditions are reported together with the yields, chemical composition and organoleptic properties of the coagula. Products obtained from milk supplemented with low alfalfa juice (��5% dry basis) or protein concentrates (;;;;:10% dry basis) show a good acceptability. The ripening greatly reduces grass flavour and taste.
Effect Of Remaining Brown Juice In Wet Protein Curd On The Quality Of Leaf Protein After Drying, Y S. Cho, J K. Kim, T Horigome, S Uchifa
Effect Of Remaining Brown Juice In Wet Protein Curd On The Quality Of Leaf Protein After Drying, Y S. Cho, J K. Kim, T Horigome, S Uchifa
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The influence of remaining brown juice ( deproteinised juice) in wet protein curd on the quality of resulting leaf protein was examined. Freshly cut Italian ryegrass and red clover were fractionated into protein curd, brown juice and pressed cake. Various leaf proteins were prepared by drying the protein curds retaining different amounts of brown juice at 65°C followed by acetone-washing, and by immediate acetone-washing of the protein curd. Casein-brown juice mixtures at the ratio of 1 :3 and 1: 6 were also prepared. The crude protein content of the dry matter in brown juice was very low, 9. 9% for …
The Nutritive Value Of Mixtures Of White Leaf Protein And Other Food Proteins, R Carlsson, P Hanczakowski
The Nutritive Value Of Mixtures Of White Leaf Protein And Other Food Proteins, R Carlsson, P Hanczakowski
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The nutritive value of white leaf proteins were studied, as food supplements. The protein was obtained by heatfractionation ( Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) or by de-pigmentation (Medicago sativa L. ). The leaf protein was substituting 50% of the protein in a diet, where the remaining 50% came from wheat gluten, soya bean meal, bone-meat meal, fish meal, skim milk or whey. The nutritive value was estimated by the Thomas-Mitchell nitrogen balance method. The proximate chemical composition of the food protein products, and their amino acid composition were analysed. In every mixture but the one with gluten the biological value was higher …