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Poster Session, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Kentucky Agriculture Water Quality Act Web Tool, Amanda Gumbert, UK Cooperative Extension Service
• Cane Run Watershed Council – An Adventure in Watershed Involvement, Amanda Gumbert, UK Cooperative Extension Service
• Preliminary Comparison of Nutrient and Total Suspended Sediment Data on Water Samples Collected using Teledyne Portable Autosampler and EPA Field Methods for Wadeable Streams, Susan Brown, April Haight and others, Institute for Regional Analysis and Public Policy, Morehead State University
• Groundwater Protection Plans, Patricia Keefe, Kentucky Division of Water
• Use of Geophysical Techniques to Locate a Karst Conduit in the Cane Run – Royal Spring Basin, Kentucky …

Session 2d, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• The Warren County Blueways Initiative, Steve Spencer, Kevin Cary, and Tammy Stenger-Ramsey, Western Kentucky University
• The Big Sandy “Big Dip”: Effectiveness of a Community-Oriented and Geographically Intensive Approach to Assessing Small Headwater Stream Health, Reagan Weaver and Alice Jones, Environmental Research Institute, EKU
• Sanitation District Management of Replaced/Repaired Individual and Clustered Wastewater Treatment Systems in Olympia, Kentucky, Celia Barker, Bath County Health Dept, Jeffrey Brittingham and Barry Tonning, Tetra Tech
• Assessment of Combined Sewer Overflows, Elizabeth Coyle, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, UK

Session 2b, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Watershed Based Planning in the Upper East Fork of Clarks River, Maggie Morgan, Four Rivers Basin Team, Paul Maron, Strand Associates, Inc
• Kentucky Institute for Watershed Management Support, Alanna Storey, Jana Fattic, and Andrew Ernest, Center for Water Resource Studies, WKU
• Overview of TMDL Development for Panther Creek and Long Falls Watersheds in Daviess and McLean Counties, Kentucky, Josh Brewer, Center for Water Resource Studies, WKU
• Nitrogen Isotopes to Study the Variability of Sediment Transported from a Lowland Watershed in the Bluegrass, Jimmy Fox and others, Dept Civil Engineering, UK

Session 1a, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Integrated Surface and Groundwater Quality Assessments in Karst Regions of Kentucky, Robert Blair and Peter Goodmann, Kentucky Division of Water
• The Karst Potential Index for Kentucky, Progress Report, James Currens, Randall Paylor, and Matthew Crawford, Kentucky Geological Survey, UK
• DNA Analysis of Fecal Bacteria to Trace Transport of Agricultural Pathogens at Crump’s Cave, KY, Rick Fowler, WATERS Laboratory, WKU
• Process Water Management (PWM) for Achieving Water Conservation Management (WCM), Cam Metcalf and Tom Wright, Kentucky Pollution Prevention Center, U of L Shelby Campus

Proceedings Of 2009 Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

This conference was planned and conducted as part of the state water resources research annual program with the support and collaboration of the Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey and the University of Kentucky Research Foundation, under Grant Agreement Number 06HQGR0087.

The views and conclusions contained in this document and presented at the symposium are those of the abstract authors and presenters and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Government or other symposium organizers and sponsors.

Multimeric Hemicellulases Facilitate Biomass Conversion, Zhanmin Fan, Kurt Wagschal, Wei Chen, Michael D. Montross, Charles C. Lee, Ling Yuan

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

Two highly active trifunctional hemicellulases were constructed by linking the catalytic portion of a xylanase with an arabinofuranosidase and a xylosidase, using either flexible peptide linkers or linkers containing a cellulose-binding domain. The multifunctional enzymes retain the parental enzyme properties and exhibit synergistic effects in hydrolysis of natural xylans and corn stover.

Life Expectancy And Years Of Life Lost In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Findings From The Nhanes Iii Follow-Up Study, Robert M. Shavelle, David R. Paculdo, Scott J. Kush, David M. Mannino, David J. Strauss

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

RATIONALE: Previous studies have demonstrated that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) causes increased mortality in the general population. But life expectancy and the years of life lost have not been reported.

OBJECTIVES: To quantify mortality, examine how it varies with age, sex, and other risk factors, and determine how life expectancy is affected.

METHODS: We constructed mortality models using the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, adjusting for age, sex, race, and major medical conditions. We used these to compute life expectancy and the years of life lost.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Pulmonary function testing classified patients as having …

Trends In Mental Health Of An Adolescent Medicine Clinic Patient Population, Abdel Salous, Linah Al-Alem, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The correlation between exposure to forms of violence and development of mental disorders in victims is well established. The purpose of this paper was to identify mental health problems in an adolescent medicine clinic population in Lexington, KY and to investigate potential correlation of mental disorders with psychosocial factors. Data were gathered from the charts of 169 adolescent clinic patients (age 10-22) seen in the clinic for mental health care and analyzed using Excel. Of the patient population, 68% were urban, whereas 32% were rural. In terms of gender, 40% of the patients were male and 60% were female, 80% …

Discovering The Complexities Of Adolescent Compliance To Treatment, Megan Song, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

To explore the challenges faced in enhancing adolescent treatment compliance and to understand the roles of key players in this endeavor: the adolescent, parent and healthcare provider. Obtaining compliance from adolescents requires collaboration from the adolescent, caregiver and provider and depends on well-established relationships between each person in the triad: adolescent-provider, adolescent-caregiver, and caregiver-provider. Ensuring and improving adherence to treatment by adolescents is a challenging task but crucial to overall health outcomes. It requires the collaboration of the adolescent, parent and physician to create the optimal treatment plan, specifically tailored to the adolescent. For the clinician, maintaining good communication and …

Rfv Vs. Rfq -- Which Is Better?, Tom Keene, Peter Jeranyama, Alvaro D. Garcia

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Determining the value of hay is often times a trying adventure but the rewards can be significant. It begs the question though, what do those numbers really tell me? Do they provide me pertinent information? There are so many numbers…which ones do I need to be concerned with? All of the numbers and information on the results sheets are important. However, certain numbers have greater bearing on some classes of livestock than others. As research continues to give us new parameters regarding, herd health, pounds of gain, pounds of milk, maintenance, etc. the importance of these will also likely change …

What Every Kentucky Leader Needs To Know About Entrepreneurship, Ron Hustedde

Community and Leadership Development

Elected leaders are expected to have opinions about everything under the sun, including issues related to economic growth and opportunity in urban as well as rural areas. This paper explains what elected leaders need to know about the economic future. It also provides information about entrepreneurship and twelve action steps that elected leaders can take to build entrepreneurial-friendly communities.

Method Of Inhibiting Binding Activity Of Immunoglobulins, Clair D. Hicks, Zeynep Ustunol

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Patents

A method for inhibiting culture agglutination in a fermentation medium including immunoglobulins includes the step of treating a source of immunoglobulins with an enzyme, such as papain, ficin, bromelain and mixtures thereof to hydrolyze the immunoglobulins into immunoreactive peptides having a molecular weight of less than 10,000 Daltons. This is accomplished utilizing ultrafiltration and/or diafiltration techniques. Next, is the collecting of peptides so produced and the adding of the peptides to a growth media for microorganisms useful in fermenting the fermentation medium. This is followed by growing the microorganisms in the inoculated growth media and adding the microorganisms grown in …

Integral And Peripheral Association Of Proteins And Protein Complexes With Yersinia Pestis Inner And Outer Membranes, Rembert Pieper, Shih-Ting Huang, David J. Clark, Jeffrey M. Robinson, Hamid Alami, Prashanth P. Parmar, Moo-Jin Suh, Srilatha Kuntumalla, Christine L. Bunai, Robert D. Perry, Robert D. Fleischmann, Scott N. Peterson

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

Yersinia pestis proteins were sequentially extracted from crude membranes with a high salt buffer (2.5 M NaBr), an alkaline solution (180 mM Na2CO3, pH 11.3) and membrane denaturants (8 M urea, 2 M thiourea and 1% amidosulfobetaine-14). Separation of proteins by 2D gel electrophoresis was followed by identification of more than 600 gene products by MS. Data from differential 2D gel display experiments, comparing protein abundances in cytoplasmic, periplasmic and all three membrane fractions, were used to assign proteins found in the membrane fractions to three protein categories: (i) integral membrane proteins and peripheral membrane proteins with low solubility in …

Semi-Truck Driver Dies After Striking A Bridge Abutment, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Motor Vehicle

At approximately 11:45 PM on a spring night in 2008, a semi-tractor driver accompanied by a driver trainee began his route from a warehouse loading dock in Kentucky. The driver departed with a single axle day cab pulling a 28’ refrigerated trailer loaded with detergent, refrigerated and frozen foods.

An hour later, the semi driver was driving in the right hand northbound lane on a four-lane interstate when he came upon a crash scene. A southbound mini-van had been struck by another vehicle, crossed the median, and had come to rest across the right hand northbound lane. To avoid striking …

Dna Instability In Replicating Huntington's Disease Lymphoblasts, Milena Cannella, Vittorio Maglione, Tiziana Martino, Giuseppe Ragona, Luigi Frati, Guo-Min Li, Ferdinando Squitieri

Toxicology and Cancer Biology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The expanded CAG repeat in the Huntington's disease (HD) gene may display tissue-specific variability (e.g. triplet mosaicism) in repeat length, the longest mutations involving mitotic (germ and glial cells) and postmitotic (neurons) cells. What contributes to the triplet mutability underlying the development of HD nevertheless remains unknown. We investigated whether, besides the increased DNA instability documented in postmitotic neurons, possible environmental and genetic mechanisms, related to cell replication, may concur to determine CAG repeat mutability. To test this hypothesis we used, as a model, cultured HD patients' lymphoblasts with various CAG repeat lengths.

RESULTS: Although most lymphoblastoid cell lines …

The Future (Or Lack Of Future) Of Personalized Prescription In Psychiatry, Jose De Leon

Psychiatry Faculty Publications

Rapid technological advances in genetics have created conceptual chaos regarding the genetics of drug response. Terms for differing concepts are used interchangeably: pharmacogenetics with pharmacogenomics, personalized medicine with personalized prescription. Biomarker has many definitions. The author prefers the concept of personalized prescription and uses it with implications beyond pharmacogenetics by considering all scientific information valid for prescribing medication. Genetics may not be crucial for all drugs. In this comprehensive view, clinicians must consider genetic, environmental and personal variables when prescribing medication and incorporate some basic pharmacological principles: (1) safety and efficacy, (2) pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, (3) therapeutic window and prescriber's …

Identification Of A Potent Herbal Molecule For The Treatment Of Breast Cancer, Srinivas Koduru, Srinivasan Sowmyalakshmi, Raj Kumar, Rohini Gomathinayagam, Jürgen Rohr, Chendil Damodaran

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BCa)-related mortality still remains the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Patients with BCa have increasingly shown resistance and high toxicity to current chemotherapeutic drugs for which identification of novel targeted therapies are required.

METHODS: To determine the effect of PDBD on BCa cells, estrogen-receptor positive (ER+)-MCF-7 and estrogen-receptor negative (ER-)-MDA 231 cells were treated with PDBD and the cell viability, apoptotic, cell cycle, Western blot and Promoter assays were performed.

RESULTS: PDBD inhibits cell viability of ER+ and ER- BCa cells by inducing apoptosis without causing significant toxicity in normal breast epithelial cells. While dissecting …

The Role Of Nf-Κb In Pparα-Mediated Hepatocarcinogenesis, Howard P. Glauert, Karen Calfee-Mason, Yixin Li, Vani Nilakantan, Michelle L. Twaroski, Job Tharappel, Brett T. Spear

Graduate Center for Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

In this review, the role of NF-kappaB in the induction of hepatocarcinogenesis by peroxisome proliferators is examined. The administration of peroxisome proliferators for more than a three-day period leads to the activation of NF-kappaB in the livers of rats and mice. On the other hand, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-alpha (PPARalpha) activation in non-hepatic tissues can lead to the inhibition of NF-kappaB activation. Several lines of evidence support the hypothesis that the activation of NF-kappaB by peroxisome proliferators in the liver is mediated by oxidative stress. The role of NF-kappaB in peroxisome proliferator-induced hepatocarcinogenesis has been examined using NF-kappaB knockout models. …

Early Activities For Public Health Pbrns, Glen P. Mays

UKCPHSSR Research Briefs and Reports

Launching a successful public health practice-based research network requires a planned approach to developing the necessary infrastructure, relationships, and scientific direction.

Exploring The Impact And Implications Of Residential Mobility: From The Neighborhood To The School, Robin L. Ersing, Richard D. Sutphen, Diane N. Loeffler

Social Work Faculty Publications

This cross-sectional study examines residential relocation among a cohort of 495 fifth graders in one urban community in the Southeastern U.S. The impact of residential mobility is discussed in relation to student/family outcomes as well as the stressors placed upon schools. Results support previous findings which suggest residential relocation is correlated with academic problems. In addition, highly mobile students are twice as likely to be referred by teachers for disciplinary intervention and families are five times more likely than their residentially stable counterparts to be involved with child protective services. Implications from this study address the need for school systems, …

The Labor-Market Returns To Community College Degrees, Diplomas, And Certificates, Christopher Jepsen, Kenneth R. Troske, Paul Coomes

University of Kentucky Center for Poverty Research Discussion Paper Series

This paper provides the first detailed empirical evidence of the labor-market returns to community college diplomas and certificates. Using detailed administrative data from Kentucky, we estimate panel-data models that control for differences among students in pre-college earnings and educational aspirations. Associate’s degrees and diplomas have quarterly earnings returns of nearly $2,000 for women, compared to returns of approximately $1,500 for men. Certificates have small positive returns for men and women in most specifications. There is substantial heterogeneity in returns across fields of study. Degrees, diplomas, and certificates all correspond with higher levels of employment.

Cities, Economic Development, And The Role Of Place-Based Policies: Lessons For Appalachia, Matthew Kahn

University of Kentucky Center for Poverty Research Discussion Paper Series

This paper surveys economic research on the association between economic development and urban areas, links this summary to some important trends in economic outcomes in Appalachia in recent decades, highlights areas in need of future research on the role of urban areas as engines of economic development in Appalachia, and discusses what types of place-based policies might be effective to promote economic growth and development in the Appalachian region.

Hyperandrogenism And Obesity: Ominous Co-Morbidities, Amit M. Deokar, Shawn J. Smith, Amanda J. Goodwin, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

This review has a two-fold objective. One, it addresses the association of hyperandrogenism and obesity and the complex metabolic derangements that are part of the problem. Clinical management of these co-morbidities is challenging and complex. Second, this article will aid health care providers with the key features to an early diagnosis and intervention to decrease the morbidities in the short as well as long term. Method: Systematic review of articles and information on the topic of interest that were published in the last 15 years. Conclusion: Obesity and hyperandrogenism are integral parts of Metabolic Syndrome/Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)/Hyperandrogenism, Insulin resistance, …

Overweight Children And Adolescents: Impact On Psychological And Social Development, Kimberly K. Mcclanahan, Marlene B. Huff, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The global epidemic of childhood and adolescent overweight has become a major public health concern. Not only are these youth more likely to become obese as adults, and thus more prone to obesity-related diseases than their non overweight peers, they are also likely to suffer emotional and social effects associated with overweight. Overweight in youth has been linked to depression, low self-esteem, eating disorders, negative body image, and stigma. It appears to be bi-directional in nature, with overweight sometimes predicting certain psychological effects and psychosocial issues sometimes predicting overweight. Effective assessment and treatment of psychological and mental health issues in …

Do Adoption Subsidies Help At-Risk Children?, Kasey Buckles

University of Kentucky Center for Poverty Research Discussion Paper Series

Over half a million children in the United States are currently in foster care, many of whom are at risk for long-lasting emotional and health problems. Research suggests that adoption may be one of the more promising options for the placement of these children. The Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act of 1980, which provided federal funds for monthly adoption subsidies, was designed to promote adoptions of special-needs children and children in foster care.

Using data from the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting Systems for 2000- 2006, I consider the effects of these adoption subsidies on children’s likelihood …

Age May Be Hazardous To Outcome Following Traumatic Brain Injury: The Mitochondrial Connection, Lesley Knight Gilmer

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Older individuals sustaining traumatic brain injury (TBI) experience a much higher incidence of morbidity and mortality. This age-related exacerbated response to neurological insult has been demonstrated experimentally in aged animals, which can serve as a model to combat this devastating clinical problem. The reasons for this worse initial response are unknown but may be related to age-related changes in mitochondrial respiration.

Evidence is shown that mitochondrial dysfunction occurs early following traumatic brain injury (TBI), persists long after the initial insult, and is severitydependent. Synaptic and extrasynaptic mitochondrial fractions display distinct respiration capacities, stressing the importance to analyze these fractions separately. …

International Trade And Industrial Geography, Fabien Tondel

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation explores the impact of international trade on the geographic location of manufacturing activities and on regional productivity growth patterns within countries. This study develops models of trade with monopolistic competition in the context of a two-region country. It also provides empirical estimates of the e ect of tari policy on the distribution of industrial activities and on productivity growth di erentials across Colombia's regions.

The rst essay investigates the consequences of trade liberalization for the distribution of manufacturing activities between large and small cities. It presents an extension of the Melitz (2003) model of trade with monopolistic competition …

Violence Against Women Raises Risk Of Cervical Cancer, Ann L. Coker, Claudia Hopenhayn, Christopher P. Desimone, Heather M. Bush, Leslie Crofford

CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles

Background: An emerging literature suggests that violence against women (VAW), particularly sexual violence, may increase the risk of acquiring a sexually transmitted infection (STI) and, therefore, may be associated with cervical cancer development. The purpose of this cross-sectional analysis was to determine if women who had experienced violence had higher prevalence rates of invasive cervical cancer.

Methods: Women aged 18–88 who joined the Kentucky Women’s Health Registry (2006–2007) and completed a questionnaire were included in the sample. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to adjust odds ratio (OR) for confounders (e.g., age, education, current marital status, lifetime illegal drug use, …

Hpv Vaccine Acceptance Among Latina Mothers By Hpv Status, Maureen Sanderson, Ann L. Coker, Katherine S. Eggleston, Maria E. Fernandez, Concepcion D. Arrastia, Mary Kay Fadden

CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles

Objective: We investigated whether Latina mothers who were and were not human papillomavirus (HPV) positive differed in their knowledge and acceptance of the HPV vaccine for their children.

Methods: We conducted a cross–sectional survey among women aged 18–64 years between April 2007 and April 2008. Data collectors conducted in-person interviews in community clinics with 215 HPV-negative women and 190 HPV-positive women (with respective response rates of 64% and 84%). Most (83%) HPV-positive women were recruited at dysplasia clinics. Although no HPV-negative women were recruited at dysplasia clinics, they were recruited at other low-income public and private clinics.

Results: After adjustment …

Breast Cancer Screening In Women Exposed In Utero To Diethylstilbestrol, Elizabeth A. Camp, Ann L. Coker, Stanley J. Robboy, Kenneth L. Noller, Karen J. Goodman, Linda T. Titus-Ernstoff, Elizabeth E. Hatch, Arthur L. Herbst, Rebecca Troisi, Raymond H. Kaufman, Ervin Adam

CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles

Purpose: To determine if women exposed in utero to diethylstilbestrol (DES) are more likely than unexposed women to receive recommended or additional breast cancer screening examinations.

Methods: 1994 Diethylstilbestrol-Adenosis (DESAD) cohort data are used to assess the degree of recommended compliance of breast cancer screenings found in 3140 DES-exposed and 826 unexposed women. Participants were enrolled at four sites: Houston, Boston, Rochester, and Los Angeles. Logistic regression modeling was used to analyze mailed questionnaire data that included reported frequency over the preceding 5 years (1990–1994) of breast-self examinations (BSEs), clinical breast examinations (CBEs), and mammograms.

Results: DES-exposed women exceeded annual …