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Characterization Of Biological Properties Of Fodder Value Of Dandelion, Taraxacum Officinale Web., M Falkowski, I Kukulka, S Kozlowski May 2025

Characterization Of Biological Properties Of Fodder Value Of Dandelion, Taraxacum Officinale Web., M Falkowski, I Kukulka, S Kozlowski

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In recent years the quantities of dandelion appearing on newly established grasslands has increased quite significantly. In such conditions it can no longer be treated as a meadow herb whose fodder value, according to European literature, equals half of that of valuable fodder plants. Becoming a weed, dan­delion has been the object of investigations on ways of elimina­ting it from the sward by means of herbicides (Schlotter et al., 1988). At the same time, experiments are under way on biologi­cal properties of dandelion with the aim to explain the causes of its expansion. It was found that there is an …

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Effect Of Fertilizers On Cutting On Time On Chemical Composition Of Sward From Permanent Meadow, A Golob, Zdenka Berloznik, M Leskosek, Vekoslava Stibilj May 2025

Effect Of Fertilizers On Cutting On Time On Chemical Composition Of Sward From Permanent Meadow, A Golob, Zdenka Berloznik, M Leskosek, Vekoslava Stibilj

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Ecological problems and surpluses of milk and meat have given rise to less intensive systems of grassland utilisation. One of such system is utilisation of air nitrogen via legume sym­biosis with nitrogen fixing bacteria. In Slovenia, where conditions for legume growth are more favourable than in NW Europe, natural meadows fertilized with P and K only give reasonable yields - on average around 7 t DM per ha (Leskosek, 1981). Most legumes suffer after fre­quent defoliation so such meadows should be defoliated only 2- 3 times during the growing season. Under less frequent cutting regime nutritive value of forage is …

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Screening Sericea Lespedeza Germplasm For Tannin Concentration In The Leaves And Herbage Palatability, J C. Petersen, J A. Mosjidis, N S. Hill May 2025

Screening Sericea Lespedeza Germplasm For Tannin Concentration In The Leaves And Herbage Palatability, J C. Petersen, J A. Mosjidis, N S. Hill

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Several million hectares in the subtropical world are currently used as grazing land for beef and dairy cattle, how­ever, in many cases animal production is very low. To improve animal nutrition, cultivated legume species can be introduced. Sericea lespedeza has potential and could be utilized in the acid soils of the· subtropics. Generally, sericea is low in palatability and nutritive value because its leaves contain tannins, which have long been associ­ated with low intake and reduced digestibility. Tannins are responsible for an astringent or bitter taste caused by the pre­cipitation of salivary glycoprotein (Goldstein and Swain, 1963). Chopping or macerating …

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Natural And Artificial Drying Effects On Condensed Tannins Of Sericea Lespedeza, T H. University Of Georgia, W R. Windham, J J. Evans, C S. Hoveland May 2025

Natural And Artificial Drying Effects On Condensed Tannins Of Sericea Lespedeza, T H. University Of Georgia, W R. Windham, J J. Evans, C S. Hoveland

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Sericea lespedeza [Lespedeza cuneata (Dumont-Cours.) G. Don.] is well adapted to acid soils and low fertility but has generally been considered a low-quality forage due to high levels of tannin and indigestible fiber. Tannin levels increase during midsummer (Windham et al. 1988). The most com­monly used assay for tannin in sericea is the vanillin-HCl pro­cedure (Burns, 1963) on oven-dried samples. Oven-drying has been reported to cause increased polymerization or oxidative changes in tannins (Goldstein and Swain, 1963). Fresh-frozen sericea contained higher amounts of extract­able tannin than field-dried forage and fiber digestibility of high-tannin sericea by sheep was much lower …

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Introducing Social Determinants Of Health To The Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Network, Megan Zuelsdorff, Erin L. Abner, Joyce E. Balls-Berry, Gregory A. Jicha, Serggio Lanata, Gladys E. Maestre, Monica Rosselli, Shana D. Stites, Rachel A. Whitmer, Consuelo H. Wilkins, Lisa L. Barnes May 2025

Introducing Social Determinants Of Health To The Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Network, Megan Zuelsdorff, Erin L. Abner, Joyce E. Balls-Berry, Gregory A. Jicha, Serggio Lanata, Gladys E. Maestre, Monica Rosselli, Shana D. Stites, Rachel A. Whitmer, Consuelo H. Wilkins, Lisa L. Barnes

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

The Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers (ADRCs) consortium represents a critical locus of research on Alzheimer's disease and related disorders (ADRD) prevention, diagnosis, and intervention. Through the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center's (NACC) standardized protocol, the Uniform Data Set (UDS), ADRCs have collected rich, harmonizable clinical and cognitive data. However, the collection of social data has been sparse and Center specific, constraining ADRD science that addresses research priorities on social determinants of health (SDOH) and health equity. Capitalizing on the transition to a revised UDS version 4, an interdisciplinary committee representing 10 ADRCs reviewed the literature and instrumentation, ultimately creating a brief …

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Sex- And Tissue-Specific Effects Of Leukemia Inhibitory Factor On Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Following Ischemic Stroke, Hemendra J. Vekaria, Sarah J. Shelley, Sarah J. Messmer, Prashant D. Kunjadia, Christopher J. Mclouth, Patrick G. Sullivan, Justin F. Fraser, Keith R. Pennypacker, Chirayu D. Pandya May 2025

Sex- And Tissue-Specific Effects Of Leukemia Inhibitory Factor On Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Following Ischemic Stroke, Hemendra J. Vekaria, Sarah J. Shelley, Sarah J. Messmer, Prashant D. Kunjadia, Christopher J. Mclouth, Patrick G. Sullivan, Justin F. Fraser, Keith R. Pennypacker, Chirayu D. Pandya

Biostatistics Faculty Publications

Oxidative stress due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and/or inflammation is considered to play an important role in ischemic stroke injury. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) has been shown to protect both oligodendrocytes and neurons from ischemia by upregulating endogenous anti-oxidants, though the effect of ischemia and the protective role of LIF treatment in mitochondrial function have not been studied. The goal of this study was to determine whether LIF protects ischemia-induced altered mitochondrial bioenergetics in reproductively senescent aged rats of both sexes (≥18 months old), approximately equivalent to the average age of human stroke patients. Animals were euthanized …

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Resistance Exercise And Mechanical Overload Upregulate Vimentin For Skeletal Muscle Remodeling, Joshua S. Godwin, J. Max Michel, Cleiton A. Libardi, Andreas N. Kavazis, Christopher S. Fry, Andrew D. Frugé, Mariah Mccashland, Ivan J. Vechetti, John J. Mccarthy, C. Brooks Mobley, Michael D. Roberts May 2025

Resistance Exercise And Mechanical Overload Upregulate Vimentin For Skeletal Muscle Remodeling, Joshua S. Godwin, J. Max Michel, Cleiton A. Libardi, Andreas N. Kavazis, Christopher S. Fry, Andrew D. Frugé, Mariah Mccashland, Ivan J. Vechetti, John J. Mccarthy, C. Brooks Mobley, Michael D. Roberts

Physiology Faculty Publications

We adopted a proteomic and follow-through approach to investigate how mechanical overload (MOV) potentially affects novel targets in skeletal muscle, and how a perturbation in this response could potentially affect the adaptive response. First, we determined that 10 wk of resistance training in 15 college-aged females increased sarcolemmal-associated protein content (+10.1%, P < 0.05). Sarcolemmal protein isolates were then queried using mass spectrometry-based proteomics, ∼10% (38/387) of proteins putatively associated with the sarcolemma or extracellular matrix (ECM) were upregulated (>1.5-fold, P < 0.05), and one target (intermediate filament vimentin; VIM) warranted further investigation due to its correlation to myofiber hypertrophy (r = 0.652, P = 0.009). VIM expression was then examined in 4-mo-old C57BL/6J mice following 10 and 20 days of plantaris MOV via synergist ablation. Relative to Sham (control) mice, VIM mRNA and protein content was significantly higher in MOV mice, and immunohistochemistry indicated that VIM predominantly resided in the ECM. MOV experiments were replicated in Pax7-DTA (satellite cell depleted) mice, which reduced VIM in the ECM by ∼74%. A third MOV experiment was performed in C57BL/6 mice intramuscularly injected with either AAV9-scrambled (control) or AAV9-VIM-shRNA. Although VIM-shRNA mice possessed lower VIM in the ECM (∼45%), plantaris masses in response to MOV were similar between groups. However, VIMshRNA mice possessed smaller and more centrally nucleated MyHCemb-positive fibers in response to MOV. In summary, skeletal muscle VIM appears to be enriched in the ECM following MOV, satellite cells may regulate its expression, and a disruption in expression during MOV leads to an excessive regenerative phenotype.

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Therapeutic Applications Of A Novel Humanized Monoclonal Antibody Targeting Chemokine Receptor Ccr9 In Pancreatic Cancer, Hannah G. Mcdonald, Anna M. Reagan, Charles J. Bailey, Mei Gao, Muqiang Gao, Angelica L. Solomon, Michael J. Cavnar, Prakash Pandalai, Mautin Barry-Hundeyin, Megan Harper, Justin A. Rueckert, Ángela Turrero, Araceli Tobio, Anxo Vidal, Daniel Roca-Lema, Elia Álvarez-Coiradas, Pablo Garrido, Laureano Simón, Joseph Kim May 2025

Therapeutic Applications Of A Novel Humanized Monoclonal Antibody Targeting Chemokine Receptor Ccr9 In Pancreatic Cancer, Hannah G. Mcdonald, Anna M. Reagan, Charles J. Bailey, Mei Gao, Muqiang Gao, Angelica L. Solomon, Michael J. Cavnar, Prakash Pandalai, Mautin Barry-Hundeyin, Megan Harper, Justin A. Rueckert, Ángela Turrero, Araceli Tobio, Anxo Vidal, Daniel Roca-Lema, Elia Álvarez-Coiradas, Pablo Garrido, Laureano Simón, Joseph Kim

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

The relative failure of immune checkpoint inhibitors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) despite having a dense, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment highlights the need to target alternate/escape pathways. We have previously examined C–C chemokine receptor type 9 (CCR9) as a candidate immune checkpoint and developed a targeted, humanized monoclonal antibody (SRB2). Cytotoxicity of SRB2 was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. CCR9 expression on PDAC cells/tissues, immune components of patient-derived organoids (PDOs), and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity were examined. In PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2 cell lines, we demonstrated highest CCR9 expression; however, no direct cytotoxic effect was observed with SRB2 treatment. In PANC-1 …

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An Agrin-Yap/Taz Rigidity Sensing Module Drives Egfr-Addicted Lung Tumorigenesis., Reza Bayat Mokhtari, Divyaleka Sampath, Paige Eversole, Melissa Ong Yu Lin, Dmitriy A. Bosykh, Gandhi T. K. Boopathy, Aravind Sivakumar, Cheng-Chun Wang, Ramesh Kumar, Joe Yeong Poh Sheng, Ellen Karasik, Barbara A. Foster, Han Yu, Xiang Ling, Wenjie Wu, Fengzhi Li, Zoë Weaver Ohler, Christine Fillmore Brainson, David W. Goodrich, Wanjin Hong, Sayan Chakraborty May 2025

An Agrin-Yap/Taz Rigidity Sensing Module Drives Egfr-Addicted Lung Tumorigenesis., Reza Bayat Mokhtari, Divyaleka Sampath, Paige Eversole, Melissa Ong Yu Lin, Dmitriy A. Bosykh, Gandhi T. K. Boopathy, Aravind Sivakumar, Cheng-Chun Wang, Ramesh Kumar, Joe Yeong Poh Sheng, Ellen Karasik, Barbara A. Foster, Han Yu, Xiang Ling, Wenjie Wu, Fengzhi Li, Zoë Weaver Ohler, Christine Fillmore Brainson, David W. Goodrich, Wanjin Hong, Sayan Chakraborty

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Despite epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a pivotal oncogene for several cancers, including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), how it senses extracellular matrix (ECM) rigidity remain elusive in the context of the increasing role of tissue rigidity on various hallmarks of cancer development. Here it is shown that EGFR dictates tumorigenic agrin expression in lung cancer cell lines, genetically engineered EGFR-driven mouse models, and human specimens. Agrin expression confers substrate stiffness-dependent oncogenic attributes to EGFR-reliant cancer cells. Mechanistically, agrin mechanoactivates EGFR through epidermal growth factor (EGF)-dependent and independent modes, thereby sensitizing its activity toward localized cancer cell-ECM adherence and bulk rigidity …

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Shared Roles Of Immune And Stromal Cells In The Pathogenesis Of Human Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome, Patrick W. Mellors, Ana N. Lange, Bruno Casino Remondo, Maksim Shestov, Joseph D. Planer, Andrew R. Peterson, Yun Ying, Su Zhou, Jason D. Christie, Joshua M. Diamond, Edward Cantu, Maria C. Basil, Saar Gill May 2025

Shared Roles Of Immune And Stromal Cells In The Pathogenesis Of Human Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome, Patrick W. Mellors, Ana N. Lange, Bruno Casino Remondo, Maksim Shestov, Joseph D. Planer, Andrew R. Peterson, Yun Ying, Su Zhou, Jason D. Christie, Joshua M. Diamond, Edward Cantu, Maria C. Basil, Saar Gill

Surgery Faculty Publications

Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is a progressive, fatal obstructive lung disease that occurs following lung transplant, where it is termed chronic lung allograft dysfunction BOS (CLAD-BOS), or as the primary manifestation of pulmonary chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD-BOS) following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Disease pathogenesis is poorly understood; however, chronic alloreactivity is common to both conditions, suggesting a shared pathophysiology. We performed single-cell RNA-Seq (scRNA-Seq) on explanted human lungs from 4 patients with CLAD-BOS, 3 patients with cGVHD-BOS, and 3 deceased controls to identify cell types, genes, and pathways enriched in BOS to better understand disease mechanisms. In …

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Reproductive Performance And Milk Composition Of Sows Fed Diets Supplemented With An Immunomodulator, Mark J. Estienne, Jung W. Lee, R. Tyler Niblett, Brooke D. Humphrey, H. James Monegue, Merlin D. Lindemann May 2025

Reproductive Performance And Milk Composition Of Sows Fed Diets Supplemented With An Immunomodulator, Mark J. Estienne, Jung W. Lee, R. Tyler Niblett, Brooke D. Humphrey, H. James Monegue, Merlin D. Lindemann

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

A cooperative study involving 189 litters from 114 sows (initial BW of 200.8 ± 37.1 kg) at two experiment stations was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with OmniGen-AF (OG) (Phibro Animal Health Co., Teaneck, NJ, USA), a nutritional product formulated to improve immune function of animals, on sow reproductive performance and milk composition. Dietary treatments were (1) corn–soybean meal-based control diets or (2) control diets supplemented with OG at 0.75% (~9 g of OG/100 kg BW/d). Supplementation of diets with OG resulted in lesser (p < 0.05) BW changes of sows during lactation (−12.1 vs. −8.2 kg). Litter sizes for control and OG-fed sows were similar, but sows fed OG-based diets had greater (p < 0.05) litter weight for total born (18.3 vs. 19.3 kg) and weaned (63.2 vs. 67.0 kg) and lactation litter gain (47.8 vs. 50.7 kg). Lactation feed intake for the controls and OG-fed sows (5.32 vs. 5.52 kg/d, respectively) did not differ. Supplementing diets with OG increased lactose content (5.78 vs. 5.84%; p = 0.05) and reduced protein content (4.77 vs. 4.68%; p = 0.04) in sow milk. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with OG at 0.75% reduced weight loss during lactation and improved litter weights with marginal effects on the milk composition of sows.

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Pparα Regulates Er–Lipid Droplet Protein Calsyntenin-3Β To Promote Ketogenesis In Hepatocytes, Lauren F. Uchiyama, Alexander Nguyen, Kevin Qian, Liujuan Cui, Khoi T. Pham, Xu Xiao, Yajing Gao, Yuta Shimanaka, Marcus J. Tol, Laurent Vergnes, Karen Reue, Peter Tontonoz Apr 2025

Pparα Regulates Er–Lipid Droplet Protein Calsyntenin-3Β To Promote Ketogenesis In Hepatocytes, Lauren F. Uchiyama, Alexander Nguyen, Kevin Qian, Liujuan Cui, Khoi T. Pham, Xu Xiao, Yajing Gao, Yuta Shimanaka, Marcus J. Tol, Laurent Vergnes, Karen Reue, Peter Tontonoz

Physiology Faculty Publications

Ketogenesis requires fatty acid flux from intracellular (lipid droplets) and extrahepatic (adipose tissue) lipid stores to hepatocyte mitochondria. However, whether interorganelle contact sites regulate this process is unknown. Recent studies have revealed a role for Calsyntenin-3β (CLSTN3β), an endoplasmic reticulum–lipid droplet contact site protein, in the control of lipid utilization in adipose tissue. Here, we show that Clstn3b expression is induced in the liver by the nuclear receptor PPARα in settings of high lipid utilization, including fasting and ketogenic diet feeding. Hepatocyte-specific loss of CLSTN3β in mice impairs ketogenesis independent of changes in PPARα activation. Conversely, hepatic overexpression of CLSTN3β …

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Targeting Mtor In Myeloid Cells Prevents Infection-Associated Inflammation, Yohana C. Toner, Jazz Munitz, Geoffrey Prevot, Judit Morla-Folch, William Wang, Yuri Van Elsas, Bram Priem, Jeroen Deckers, Tom Anbergen, Thijs J. Beldman, Eliane E.S. Brechbühl, Muhammed D. Aksu, Athanasios Ziogas, Sebastian A. Sarlea, Mumin Ozturk, Zhenhua Zhang, Wenchao Li, Yang Li, Alexander Maier, Jessica C. Fernandes, Glenn A.O. Cremers, Bas Van Genabeek, Joost H.C.M. Kreijtz, Esther Lutgens, Niels P. Riksen, Henk M. Janssen, Serge H.M. Söntjens, Freek J.M. Hoeben Apr 2025

Targeting Mtor In Myeloid Cells Prevents Infection-Associated Inflammation, Yohana C. Toner, Jazz Munitz, Geoffrey Prevot, Judit Morla-Folch, William Wang, Yuri Van Elsas, Bram Priem, Jeroen Deckers, Tom Anbergen, Thijs J. Beldman, Eliane E.S. Brechbühl, Muhammed D. Aksu, Athanasios Ziogas, Sebastian A. Sarlea, Mumin Ozturk, Zhenhua Zhang, Wenchao Li, Yang Li, Alexander Maier, Jessica C. Fernandes, Glenn A.O. Cremers, Bas Van Genabeek, Joost H.C.M. Kreijtz, Esther Lutgens, Niels P. Riksen, Henk M. Janssen, Serge H.M. Söntjens, Freek J.M. Hoeben

Physiology Faculty Publications

Infections, cancer, and trauma can cause life-threatening hyperinflammation. In the present study, using single-cell RNA sequencing of circulating immune cells, we found that the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays a critical role in myeloid cell regulation in COVID-19 patients. Previously, we developed an mTOR-inhibiting nanobiologic (mTORi-nanobiologic) that efficiently targets myeloid cells and their progenitors in the bone marrow. In vitro, we demonstrated that mTORi-nanobiologics potently inhibit infection-associated inflammation in human primary immune cells. Next, we investigated the in vivo effect of mTORi-nanobiologics in mouse models of hyperinflammation and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Using 18F-FDG uptake and flow …

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Grassland For Our World, F Riveros Apr 2025

Grassland For Our World, F Riveros

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The present-day role of grasslands and fodder is reviewed with respect agriculture, animal production and environmental concerns. The world 's grazing lands are a finite resource nnd, overall, are being badly mnnaEed; in most developing countries action is required now, before it is too lnte. They will continue to be a major source of animal feed for the foreseeable future; encroachment from cropping will con

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Effect Of Irrigation On Vegetation Succession And Forage Regerneration, Fu Jing-Yan Apr 2025

Effect Of Irrigation On Vegetation Succession And Forage Regerneration, Fu Jing-Yan

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

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On The Cultivation And Utilization Of Floret Silvergrass (Miscanthus Floridulus) In The Southern Area Of China, Zhu Bangchang Apr 2025

On The Cultivation And Utilization Of Floret Silvergrass (Miscanthus Floridulus) In The Southern Area Of China, Zhu Bangchang

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The plant genus Miscanthus (silvergrass) includes eight species and one variety in China. In the tropical and subtropi­cal area of south China, the silvergrass distributed widely includes the following seven species : Floret silvergrass ( Miscanthus floridulus), Chinese silvergrass ( M. sinensis), Sugary silvergrass ( M. sacchariflorus), Short-hair silvergrass ( M. brevipilus j, Eulalia silver grass ( M. eulalioides), Szechuan silvcrgrass ( M. szechuanensis), Nepal silvergrass ( M. nepalen�� sis). One of them, Floret silvergrass, is the widest in distri­bution and the highest in economical value, and plays a most important role in …

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Herbage Dynamics And Plant-Animal Performance On Altered Northern Great Plains Rangelands, P O. Currie, D C. Adams, J D. Volesky Apr 2025

Herbage Dynamics And Plant-Animal Performance On Altered Northern Great Plains Rangelands, P O. Currie, D C. Adams, J D. Volesky

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Mechanical, chemical, and seeding treatments have been used on rangeland to increase herbage production (Griffith et al., 1985). These treatments are generally applied to rangelands in a low serial stage of succession. Improving these rangelands is of major economic importance to livestock producers attempting lo increase the efficiency of their operations. Our study evaluated 5 range improvement treatments for improving herbage and ani­mal production efficiency

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Methodology To Determine Planting Time In King Grass (Pennisetum Sp.) Using Historical Climatic Indices, J R. Ayala, M Sistachs, R S. Herrera Apr 2025

Methodology To Determine Planting Time In King Grass (Pennisetum Sp.) Using Historical Climatic Indices, J R. Ayala, M Sistachs, R S. Herrera

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The determination of planting time by field trials has various disadvantages. These trials should be repeated at least for 3 years comparing different months and the extension of the results is limited. The analysis of the climatic effects would allow a greater generalization with correlations between cli­matic and establishment indices. The season of the year in which the highest number of correlations with monthly histori­cal climatic values are fulfilled is required so as to determine planting time. The objective of the present methodology is to select planting time by using correlations between climatic and establishment indices and the monthly characterization …

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Methods For The Establishment Of Leucaena Leucocoephala In Cuba, T E. Ruiz, G Febles, N Sistachs, L E. Diaz, G Bernal, J J. Leon Apr 2025

Methods For The Establishment Of Leucaena Leucocoephala In Cuba, T E. Ruiz, G Febles, N Sistachs, L E. Diaz, G Bernal, J J. Leon

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Studies in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world on the factors influencing the establishment and early manage­ment of legume swards as pure cultures have not been carried out integrally. Thus, the objective of the present study was to define the best options of the main components so as to develop a technology for establishing Leucaena leucocephala under our conditions.

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Studies On Seed Storage And Sowing Time Of Leucaena Leucocphala In Cuba, T E. Ruiz, G Febles Apr 2025

Studies On Seed Storage And Sowing Time Of Leucaena Leucocphala In Cuba, T E. Ruiz, G Febles

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Germination of stored seeds and sowing time are essential factors that must be known when a technology for pasture utili­zation is required (Febles and Ruiz, 1986; Ruiz and Febles, 1986). Thus, these experiments were set out to learn the per­formance of the seed quality of Leucaena leucocephala cv Peru stored under different conditions and to determine the influence of the sowing time of this species during the rainy season.

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Factors Influencing Pasture Establishment And Persistence In The Mid-Altitude Zone, Yunnan, Southern China, Kui Jia-Xiang, R N. Glencross, Ai Hongxin, Chen Xiong Apr 2025

Factors Influencing Pasture Establishment And Persistence In The Mid-Altitude Zone, Yunnan, Southern China, Kui Jia-Xiang, R N. Glencross, Ai Hongxin, Chen Xiong

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The mid-altitude zone in Yunnan Province of SW China ranges from 1500-2500 m in altitude and has a climate inter­grading between sub-tropical and temperate with a mean temp. of 7-10°C in the coldest month and 19-22 °C in the hottest month. The annual rainfall ranges from 800-1200 mm with 80 % falling in the monsoon period, May to September. About 80 % of the total 39.4 m ha of the province is in this very hilly mid-altitude zone. (He et al., 1982) Native grassland vegetation is dominated by Themeda trianda, Arundinella radoli, Imperata cylindrica and some other grasses such as …

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Obtention Of King Grass (Pennisetum Purpureum) Clones From Tissue Culture. Selection And Evaluation Of Mutants, R O. Martinez, M Monzote, R S. Herraera, R Cruz, V Torres Apr 2025

Obtention Of King Grass (Pennisetum Purpureum) Clones From Tissue Culture. Selection And Evaluation Of Mutants, R O. Martinez, M Monzote, R S. Herraera, R Cruz, V Torres

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

King grass (2n = 28) is widely used in Cuba for forage pro­duction. The increase in the variability of this species is there­fore of special interest in agriculture. Tissue culture as a tech­nique to produce and select somaclones from the king grass donor was used to obtain variability. These were obtained when the apical meristems were cultivated in MS medium with 3 mg/I of 2,4 D to regenerate the plants with different hormonal combinations. Those of 0.1 mg/! of kinetine (Martinez, 1986) were prominent. The variability in the selection and evaluation processes is exposed in this paper.

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The Efficacy Of A High Magnesium Italian Ryegrass Cultivar In Alleviating Hypomagnesamia, G Moseley, D M. Baker, D H. Hides Apr 2025

The Efficacy Of A High Magnesium Italian Ryegrass Cultivar In Alleviating Hypomagnesamia, G Moseley, D M. Baker, D H. Hides

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Hypomagnesaemia continues to cause serious economic losses in grazing livestock and recent evidence suggests that its incidence may be increasing. The disease is characterised by a drop in the concentration of magnesium in extracellular fluid and occurs in two forms, chronic and acute. Both forms give rise to classical clinical symptoms which may either result in death or drastically reduced levels of production. The body does not contain a major source of labile magnesium nor does it have a homeostatic mechanism for controlling the level of magnesium in extracellular fluid. The maintainance of normal levels therefore depends almost entirely on …

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Evaluation And Selection Of The Salt-Tolerant Alfalfa, Geng Huazhu Apr 2025

Evaluation And Selection Of The Salt-Tolerant Alfalfa, Geng Huazhu

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) as a good forage has b��en popu­larly cultivated for a long time in China. Now it is mainly distributed in the north of the Yangtse River, and covers about 1.3 million hectares in the 14 provinces and regions. It can be planted in the saline-alkali areas, accept alluvial plains and hill regions, for instance, the North of Jiangsu, East of Hebei, North-west of Shandong and Xingjiang. The alfalfa is success­fully used in improving and utilizing the saline-alkali soils for developing animal husbandry in the Gangzhou District of Hebei Province, where its planting area is increasing rapidly, …

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Plant Improvement Using Endophytic Fungi, G C.M Latch Apr 2025

Plant Improvement Using Endophytic Fungi, G C.M Latch

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Endophytic fungi which grow intercellularly in many species of grasses have been a scientific curiosity for almost a century. The mycelium of many of these fungi never emerges from the plant and the fungus is disseminated by way of hyphae in the seed. Other endophytes such as Epichloe typhina form a myce­lial weft around the developing inflorescences thus preventing seed formation. Grasses infected with endophytes usually appear healthy and the presence of the fungus can only be detected by examining tissues from leaf, sheath, culms and seed for fungal mycelium. The economic importance of these fungi was first discovered by …

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Non Conventional Evaluation Of Tropical Pasture Accessions, R T. Paterson Apr 2025

Non Conventional Evaluation Of Tropical Pasture Accessions, R T. Paterson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Many thousands of tropical and sub-tropical grass and legume accessions are to be found in germplasm banks in Australia (Tropical Forages Genetic Resources Centre), Colombia (CIAT), Ethiopia (ILCA) and other countries, but most are poorly categorized in terms of their climatic, edaphic and biotic adaptation. In contrast, a number of ecosystems in the developing world are poorly served with pasture varieties capable of sustaining high levels of animal production. It is likely that such material exists in germplasm collections, but since it has not been tested under a range of conditions, it remains unidentified. There is an urgent need to …

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Research On Distant Hybridization Between Melissutus Ruthenicus C.W Chang And Medicago Sativa Zhaodong, Wang Diankui, Li Hong, Luo Xinyi Apr 2025

Research On Distant Hybridization Between Melissutus Ruthenicus C.W Chang And Medicago Sativa Zhaodong, Wang Diankui, Li Hong, Luo Xinyi

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Distant hybridization can be used to combine the characteri­stics of different species and genus to produce a new variety. By crossing the wild species Melissutus ruthenicus C.W. Chang (2n = 2x = 16) which exhibits cold-, drought- and salt-alkali resistance with the local high-yielding cultivar Medicago saliva Zhaodong (2 n = 4 x = 32), it was hoped to synthesize the fine characteristics of two parents, to obtain a new intermediate variety of alfalfa. This paper reports on the advance of the hyb­ridization, the results of cytological studies and the tendency of variations of filial generations as a guide to …

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Breeding Guinea Grass (Panicum Maximum Jacq.) For Stall-Feeding, B S. Sidhu, P D. Mehndiratta, R K. Batta Apr 2025

Breeding Guinea Grass (Panicum Maximum Jacq.) For Stall-Feeding, B S. Sidhu, P D. Mehndiratta, R K. Batta

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Punjab is a part oflndo-Gangetic plain with sub-tropical cli­mate. Due to fertile alluvial soil, assured irrigation and small holdings intensive agriculture is in practice. Same plain land is suitable for forage as well as grain production, thus farmers sel­ect to grow which is profitable. Production of milk by stall­feeding of animals on multicut annual summer grasses raised under heavy nitrogen and assured irrigation is relatively econ­omical for the farmers. Thus, a breeding programme on Guinea Grass which responds better to nitrogen than many other summer grasses, was undertaken to develop fast growing annual type which may be cultivated to produce …

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Great Diversity For Increased Yield Within Narrow Grass Population, Glenn W. Burton Apr 2025

Great Diversity For Increased Yield Within Narrow Grass Population, Glenn W. Burton

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Increasing yield of animal product per unit of input is the ultimate objective of any forage breeding project. It increases the efficiency of production and the profit of the producer. It may be achieved by screening and utilizing the world diversity of a species as has been demonstrated in Cynodon spp. (Burton, 1947, 1988). It can also be realized by recurrent restricted phenotypic selection (RRPS) within a narrow-based grass pop­ulation. Pensacola bahiagrass, Paspalum notatum var. saure Parodi, a sexual diploid (2n = 20) that occupies several million hectares in the southern USA is such a grass. It originated as a …

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The Study On The High Yield Property Of Billion Dollar Grass, Wan Lishong, Liu Shenglin, Geng Renren, Shao Shengrong, Jiang Wenkui Apr 2025

The Study On The High Yield Property Of Billion Dollar Grass, Wan Lishong, Liu Shenglin, Geng Renren, Shao Shengrong, Jiang Wenkui

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In 1964, one plant of billion dollar grass (Echinochloa crus­galli Link) was found by Wan Lisheng in artificial grassland in mid-part of the desert steppe in Ningxia, China. 50 g of seeds were collected in the same year. After 24 years' systematic selec­tion breeding, a new variety named Hai zi-1 billion dollar grass (BDG) was developed. The characteristics of the grass were high-yield and fine quality with extraordinary plant height. The average height of the community was 180-230 cm, the highest plant could be 250 cm high. Its field yield was 16,866 t/ha DM in Ningxia plain irrigated area …

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