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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Relative Effectiveness Of Exchange Rate Targeting, Monetary Targeting And Inflation Targeting Frameworks In Sub-Saharan Africa, Joyce Gervas, John Mtui Dr, Jehovaness Aikaeli
Relative Effectiveness Of Exchange Rate Targeting, Monetary Targeting And Inflation Targeting Frameworks In Sub-Saharan Africa, Joyce Gervas, John Mtui Dr, Jehovaness Aikaeli
Tanzanian Economic Review
In recent years, many central banks around the world have shifted from frameworks such as monetary targeting and exchange rate targeting to inflation targeting to achieve price stability and enhance central bank credibility. The same pattern has been observed in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where the number of inflation-targeting countries has increased from 1 in 2000 to 5 in 2022, as countries continue to exit other frameworks, especially the monetary targeting regime. However, there is an ongoing debate in SSA regarding which monetary policy framework is most effective in achieving macroeconomic stability and promoting long-term growth. Following that, this study investigated …
Monte Carlo Analysis Of Dose Distribution In Tumour And Adjacent Healthy Tissues During 192Ir Hdr Brachytherapy In The Presence Of Gold Nanoparticles, Damian P. Tippe, Innocent J. Lugendo
Monte Carlo Analysis Of Dose Distribution In Tumour And Adjacent Healthy Tissues During 192Ir Hdr Brachytherapy In The Presence Of Gold Nanoparticles, Damian P. Tippe, Innocent J. Lugendo
Tanzania Journal of Science
High dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy using 192Ir is an effective modality for cancer treatment; however, its therapeutic efficiency is often constrained by unintended radiation exposure to healthy tissues surrounding the tumour. Fortunately, the incorporation of high atomic number (Z) nanoparticles as radiosensitizers has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance tumour dose while sparing adjacent normal tissues. In this study, the dose distribution in tumour and nearby healthy tissues during 192Ir HDR brachytherapy was investigated in the presence of gold (Au) nanoparticles using Monte Carlo simulations based on the Geant4 toolkit. Radial dose distributions and anisotropy characteristics were analysed …
The Role Of Zinc Precursor Concentration In Modulating The Structural, Optical, And Electrical Properties Of Sol-Gel Derived Czts Thin Films, Justine John Tibaijuka
The Role Of Zinc Precursor Concentration In Modulating The Structural, Optical, And Electrical Properties Of Sol-Gel Derived Czts Thin Films, Justine John Tibaijuka
Tanzania Journal of Science
This study reports on CZTS thin films fabricated by sol–gel spin coating using zinc acetate dihydrate, copper acetate dihydrate, tin chloride, and thiourea dissolved in methanol with monoethylamine as a stabilizer. The films were annealed rapidly at 540 °C by using an RTP furnace. Results show the significant influence of zinc concentration on films’ properties with band gap evolution between 1.46 and 1.7 eV, along with high absorption coefficients exceeding 10⁴ cm⁻¹ in the visible range. Structurally, the films evolved from poorly crystalline at low Zn content to well- crystallized, (112)-oriented kesterite near stoichiometry. However, excessive Zn caused slight degradation …
Hydrogeochemical Characterization Of Groundwater In Fractured Crystalline Basement Aquifers In Dodoma, Central Tanzania: Implications On Water Quality For Domestic And Irrigation Applications, George J. Ishabairu, Simon R. Melchioly, Charles H. Kasanzu, Gabriel D. Mulibo
Hydrogeochemical Characterization Of Groundwater In Fractured Crystalline Basement Aquifers In Dodoma, Central Tanzania: Implications On Water Quality For Domestic And Irrigation Applications, George J. Ishabairu, Simon R. Melchioly, Charles H. Kasanzu, Gabriel D. Mulibo
Tanzania Journal of Science
Assessment of groundwater hydrogeochemistry characteristics of aquifers plays a vital role in establishing water quality status and its suitability for human and industrial use. The main objective of this research was to carry out hydrogeochemical characterization of groundwater and assess its impacts on water quality and spatial variability of groundwater geochemistry in Dodoma, Tanzania. The methods used include groundwater sampling, laboratory analysis to determine physico- chemical parameters and data processing to classify the groundwater hydrochemical facies. The results show that the average value for pH is 7.2, for electrical conductivity (EC) is 1108 µS/cm and for total dissolved solids (TDS) …
Linear Programming Model For Optimal Crop Allocation Under Varying Land Sizes In Pawaga, Tanzania, Mustapha Abbas Kiswanya, Seleman Ismail, Saul Mpeshe
Linear Programming Model For Optimal Crop Allocation Under Varying Land Sizes In Pawaga, Tanzania, Mustapha Abbas Kiswanya, Seleman Ismail, Saul Mpeshe
Tanzania Journal of Science
Farmers often rely on intuition when selecting crops, which can lead to suboptimal profits. In this study, we examine the optimal annual crop allocation under varying land sizes for farmers in Pawaga, Iringa District, Tanzania. A parametric linear programming (LP) model is developed to determine crop allocation combinations that maximise profit subject to land, labour, and capital constraints. Unlike conventional approaches that require separate models for different farm sizes, the proposed model accommodates land holdings ranging from 1 to 9 acres and integrates nine crop types within a single framework. Data were collected over three (3) agricultural seasons from extension …
Joint Channel And Phase Noise Estimation For Mmwave Ofdm Systems Using Adaptive Kalman Filtering, Kwame Salum Ibwe
Joint Channel And Phase Noise Estimation For Mmwave Ofdm Systems Using Adaptive Kalman Filtering, Kwame Salum Ibwe
Tanzania Journal of Science
This manuscript presents a joint channel and phase-noise estimation framework for millimeter-wave (mmWave) OFDM systems based on an adaptive extended Kalman filter (EKF). The proposed method formulates a unified state-space model that simultaneously tracks time-varying multipath channels and oscillator phase noise, a critical impairment in 5G NR frequency range 2 (FR2) and emerging 6G transceivers. An innovation-based covariance adaptation mechanism is introduced to enhance estimation accuracy while maintaining computational efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves up to a 5 dB SNR gain at a target BER of 10⁻³, maintains NMSE below 10⁻³ for linewidths up to 200 …
Haematological Responses Of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) To Diets Supplemented With Varying Levels Of Plant Leaf Meals, Isaack V. Makombe, Harishchandra Pratap, Felister Urasa, Blandina R Lugendo
Haematological Responses Of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) To Diets Supplemented With Varying Levels Of Plant Leaf Meals, Isaack V. Makombe, Harishchandra Pratap, Felister Urasa, Blandina R Lugendo
Tanzania Journal of Science
Plant leaf meals have the potential to replace fishmeal in fish feed formulation, hence reducing its cost and increasing fish production. This study evaluated the effects of plant leaf meals (PLMs) on haematological parameters in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The PLMs of cassava, sweet potatoes, cowpeas and common beans were substituted at the rate of 100% (mixed leaves of all four species, Diet 5), followed by each separate leaf meal at 100% (Diet 4), 75% (Diet 3), 50% (Diet 2) and 0% (control diet containing fish meal, Diet 1). Fish collected from Mbegani Fisheries Institute were kept in five, 80 …
Natural Radioactivity And Radiological Hazards In Sediments From The Lindi Coast, Indian Ocean, Tanzania, Viator Mujuni, Innocent J. Lugendo
Natural Radioactivity And Radiological Hazards In Sediments From The Lindi Coast, Indian Ocean, Tanzania, Viator Mujuni, Innocent J. Lugendo
Tanzania Journal of Science
The Lindi coast of the Indian Ocean, located in southeastern Tanzania, supports rich biodiversity and has recently experienced rapid growth in socio-economic activities such as fishing, mining, and oil and gas exploration. These activities may enhance levels of natural radioactivity in coastal sediments, potentially increasing radiation exposure to local populations. Therefore, monitoring radioactivity levels and estimating associated radiation doses in this region is important. In this study, thirty-six sediment samples were collected from twelve locations along the Lindi coast and analysed for naturally occurring radionuclides using high-purity germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray spectrometry. The activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and …
Concealed History Of Microplastic Pollution In The Msimbazi Estuary, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Dativa J. Shilla
Concealed History Of Microplastic Pollution In The Msimbazi Estuary, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Dativa J. Shilla
Tanzania Journal of Science
This study reconstructed the historical deposition of microplastics in sediments of the Msimbazi Estuary, Tanzania, using a radiometrically dated sediment core. Sediment chronology established using ²¹⁰Pb and the Constant Initial Concentration (CIC) model provided an approximately 83-year depositional record. The ²¹⁰Pb age model suggested marked temporal variability in sedimentation rates, with peaks around 1961, 1998, 2013, and 2015, potentially reflecting hydrological extremes and catchment disturbances. Anthropogenic microparticles were detected throughout most of the sediment core, with concentrations ranging from below detection limit (BDL) to 34 items kg⁻¹ dry weight (mean 8.5 ± 3.2 items kg⁻¹), and their abundance generally increased …
Development Finance Flows Under Monetary Policy Tightening: The Nigerian Experience 1981-2023, Hilary Temofeh Kanwanye Ph.D
Development Finance Flows Under Monetary Policy Tightening: The Nigerian Experience 1981-2023, Hilary Temofeh Kanwanye Ph.D
Tanzanian Economic Review
This paper investigates the impact of monetary policy tightening on external development finance flows in Nigeria, focusing on foreign direct investment (FDI), official development assistance (ODA), and remittances over 1981–2023. Using the ARDL bounds testing approach, the study examines short-run and long-run dynamics between monetary policy instruments (monetary policy rate, cash reserve ratio, liquidity ratio, and broad money supply) and development finance inflows, controlling for inflation and GDP growth. Results reveal striking asymmetries. FDI is sensitive to liquidity constraints, with the cash reserve ratio exerting a weak negative effect, while money supply expansion enhances investor confidence. ODA responds positively to …
Exploring Tourism Business Voices In Navigating Pandemic Crisis And Resilience-Building, Godwin Adiel A. Lema
Exploring Tourism Business Voices In Navigating Pandemic Crisis And Resilience-Building, Godwin Adiel A. Lema
Tanzanian Economic Review
COVID-19 challenged mobility, redefining crisis navigation and resilience. A modified Challenge Metamorphosis Model (CMM) is proposed to understand crisis navigating process in tourism business resilience-building. A pragmatic mixed-method design, involving 158 tourism-business respondents, multiple regions, interviews, and observation during June–November 2020, was applied. Impacts, challenges, opportunities, varied business responses and outcomes were mirrored. Immediate reactive closure and booking cancellation responses were distinguished from proactive adaptive business continuity measures with low visitors, postponement, few bookings and negotiable employment flexibility. Health, safety, and culturally embedded coping practices and their reinvention aided crisis navigation. Medium-term crisis navigating strategies were differentiated from long-term resilience-building …
The Effects Of Household Shocks On Women’S Self-Reported Health In Tanzania, Yoeni Silas Kaniki, Wilhelm Michael Ngasamiaku, Innocent Muganyizi Pantaleo
The Effects Of Household Shocks On Women’S Self-Reported Health In Tanzania, Yoeni Silas Kaniki, Wilhelm Michael Ngasamiaku, Innocent Muganyizi Pantaleo
Tanzanian Economic Review
Household shocks are among the factors that deteriorate women's self-reported health (SRH). Accordingly, we analyse the effects of household shocks on women’s self-reported health using a sample of 4,958 women aged 18 years and above from waves 4 (2014/2015) and 5 (2020/2021) of the Tanzania National Panel Survey. We employ a correlated random-effects (CRE) ordered probit model to control for unobserved heterogeneity in an ordered outcome. We find that aggregate shocks increase the likelihood of reporting poor health by 0.6 percentage points while simultaneously reducing the probability of reporting better health by 1.9 percentage points. Moreover, women experiencing economic shocks …
Firm Level Labour Productivity Drivers And Export Status In Tanzania, Mgeni E. Msafiri, Vincent Leyaro, Rosemary Taylor
Firm Level Labour Productivity Drivers And Export Status In Tanzania, Mgeni E. Msafiri, Vincent Leyaro, Rosemary Taylor
Tanzanian Economic Review
This study analysed the drivers of firm-level labour productivity by export status and estimated the counterfactual gains from exporting. Using the 2022 nationally representative Tanzania Enterprise Survey and an endogenous switching regression model, results revealed significant differences in the drivers of labour productivity between exporting and non-exporting firms. The productivity of exporting firms was positively associated with business linkages with small and medium-sized enterprises, foreign ownership, access to finance, and capital intensity. Similar factors were associated with labour productivity among non-exporting firms, alongside linkages with large firms. However, access to finance had asymmetric patterns: exporting firms benefited from greater financial …
Cash Transfer For Orphans And Vulnerable Children And Households’ Vulnerability To Poverty In Kenya: Evidence From Panel Data, Molly Owino-Owiti, Damiano Kulundu Manda, Samuel Misati Nyandemo
Cash Transfer For Orphans And Vulnerable Children And Households’ Vulnerability To Poverty In Kenya: Evidence From Panel Data, Molly Owino-Owiti, Damiano Kulundu Manda, Samuel Misati Nyandemo
Tanzanian Economic Review
This study examined the effect of the Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children (CT-OVC) programme on vulnerability to poverty of households that had experienced a health shock in Kenya. The study used a three-wave panel data set for Kenya, collected in 2007, 2009, and 2011. A Fixed Effects model was used in the estimation. The study found that CT-OVC can reduce households’ Vulnerability to Asset Poverty (VAP) by 6.7 percent and Vulnerability to Food Poverty (VFP) by 33.8 percent. The VAP did not decline as much as VFP, indicating that the transfer may not be sufficient to reduce several …
Mobile Money And Economic Wellbeing In Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence From The 2021 Global Findex Survey, Emanuel Sulle Joseph, Martin Chegere, Kenneth Mdadila
Mobile Money And Economic Wellbeing In Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence From The 2021 Global Findex Survey, Emanuel Sulle Joseph, Martin Chegere, Kenneth Mdadila
Tanzanian Economic Review
Mobile money has expanded rapidly across Sub-Saharan Africa, accompanied by increasing mobile phone ownership and a growing number of registered users. Despite this, there is a concern about its effects on well-being. It has been argued that mobile money favoured those who were already financially included and financially stable. Therefore, the study used the Global Findex 2021 database, with a sample of 22686 respondents, to analyse the effects of mobile money on well-being and disaggregated the results by sex and location. The study employed binary probit regression and the results indicated that mobile phone ownership is not significantly associated with …
Hybrid Solar - Coal Thermal Energy System For Industrial Process Heat At Sayona Drinks Limited In Tanzania, Santos Kihwele, Elisha D. Bitesigirwe
Hybrid Solar - Coal Thermal Energy System For Industrial Process Heat At Sayona Drinks Limited In Tanzania, Santos Kihwele, Elisha D. Bitesigirwe
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Over the past two decades, global efforts to mitigate pollution from conventional energy sources have intensified, with coal remaining a major contributor to carbon emissions. While fossil fuels cannot be eliminated from thermal generation in manufacturing industries, particularly in middle‑income countries such as Tanzania, they continue to dominate as the primary energy source. Industries including food and beverage, paper, textile, paints, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals require substantial thermal energy for heating and drying, and typically rely on coal and natural gas.This study introduces a unique application of a parabolic trough solar thermal system with integrated thermal energy storage, specifically tailored to …
Compact Low-Profile Dual-Band Microstrip-Fed Monopole Antenna For Wlan And Lte Applications, Hashimu U. Iddi
Compact Low-Profile Dual-Band Microstrip-Fed Monopole Antenna For Wlan And Lte Applications, Hashimu U. Iddi
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The rapid advancement in wireless communication technologies has led to rising user demand for high-speed data transfer, seamless connectivity, and improved wireless communication efficiency. Therefore, it is inevitable to develop efficient and compact antennas which can support different frequency bands of various wireless system standards in mobile devices. A compact, low-profile microstrip-fed monopole antenna operating in dual bands, 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz, and suitable for WLAN and LTE applications is proposed in this study. The proposed antenna’s radiating element was carefully designed using slotting techniques and optimising the various parameters for achieving the required resonance frequency. The proposed compact, …
Trajectory-Based Model Predictive Control For Rotary Crane Sway Suppression With Only Horizontal Boom Actuation, Haryson J. Nyobuya
Trajectory-Based Model Predictive Control For Rotary Crane Sway Suppression With Only Horizontal Boom Actuation, Haryson J. Nyobuya
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Safety is of biggest importance in construction and industrial activities involving rotary cranes. These cranes are huge and responsible of moving large parts or/and materials from different positions. Now operating these cranes tend to be subdue to pay load oscillations when moving the load for which is extremely dangerous when not suppressed. This study proposes the generation of trajectory using Model predictive control approach with reduced control horizon compared to state horizon. Reduced control horizon design reduces computational time for trajectory generation while maintaining the pay-load sways to a minimum. In this approach the complex dynamic model is reduced to …
On The Use Of Lorawan For Smart Fishing Applications In The Blue Economy Sector, Eva Shayo
On The Use Of Lorawan For Smart Fishing Applications In The Blue Economy Sector, Eva Shayo
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The growth of digital technology is expected to transform small-scale fishery sectors, where a need for robust, low-cost, long-range communication networks becomes critical. There exist several technologies that are used in the fishery sector but they are never affordable to small scale fisheries. This study evaluates the feasibility of using low cost Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) technology specifically tailored for smart fishing environments to small scale fishery sector. Using simulation, we assess the performance of the key performance metrics including probability of success and energy efficiency under varying device densities and time. During evaluation, we considered end devices …
Optimal Design And Techno-Economic And Environmental Analysis Of A Hybrid Solar Pv-Battery-Generator System For Off-Grid Telecom Towers And Rural Households: Case Of Misughaa Village In Tanzania, Ibrahim Mwammenywa, Martha Mwaikenda
Optimal Design And Techno-Economic And Environmental Analysis Of A Hybrid Solar Pv-Battery-Generator System For Off-Grid Telecom Towers And Rural Households: Case Of Misughaa Village In Tanzania, Ibrahim Mwammenywa, Martha Mwaikenda
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Telecommunication services are pivotal for the socio-economic development of communities, regions, and countries. Extensive and reliable telecom infrastructure enables populations to leverage development opportunities and bridge the urban-rural divide. However, extending these services to rural areas often necessitates the deployment of telecommunication towers in locations lacking national grid access. Consequently, service providers typically rely on diesel generators (DG) for power, which introduces significant challenges. These challenges include a high operational expenditure (OPEX), rendering telecom services unaffordable for rural communities, and substantial environmental pollution from greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study aims to present an optimal design, encompassing sizing and economic …
Physicochemical Properties And Chemical Compositions Of Cashew Nut Shell Liquid Extracted With Carbon Dioxide–Expanded Hexane, Neema Msuya, Joseph Yn Philip, Frank Jacob, Kando K. Janga
Physicochemical Properties And Chemical Compositions Of Cashew Nut Shell Liquid Extracted With Carbon Dioxide–Expanded Hexane, Neema Msuya, Joseph Yn Philip, Frank Jacob, Kando K. Janga
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) is a mixture of phenolic compounds that can effectively replace commercially available phenols in various applications. This study investigated the physicochemical properties and chemical composition of CNSL extracted using CO2–expanded hexane (CXH) and compared to the traditional Soxhlet extraction method. Steamed cashew nut shells (sCNS) were used in both cases. The CXH was carried under varying CO2-mole fractions (0.468-0.892) and temperatures (20-36 °C) whereas Soxhlet extraction was performed at atmospheric pressure and hexane boiling point. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Face-Centred Design (CCFD) was employed to evaluate the effect …
Voltage Profile Enhancement In Iliceto Shield Wire Scheme For Rural Electrification: Case Study Of Chalinze-Mbwewe Transmission Line In Tanzania, Ebeneza Chaula, Ibrahim Mwammenywa, Santos Kihwele
Voltage Profile Enhancement In Iliceto Shield Wire Scheme For Rural Electrification: Case Study Of Chalinze-Mbwewe Transmission Line In Tanzania, Ebeneza Chaula, Ibrahim Mwammenywa, Santos Kihwele
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Rural electrification faces challenges due to significant voltage drops over long transmission distances, affecting reliability and power quality. While the Iliceto Shield Wire Scheme (ISWS) offers a modern cost-effective solution, voltage stability remains a challenge. This study analyses voltage profile enhancement within ISWS, focusing on the Chalinze-Mbwewe section of the 132 kV transmission line, using LTSpice simulations. Due to LTSpice limitations, direct solar PV integration was mimicked by introducing a secondary voltage source at each load centre, producing 33 kV to match the original source voltage. This approach maintained improved voltage profile from Msoga Village to Mbwewe over 80.9 Kilometers. …
The Impact Of Gender Sensitization On Requirements Elicitation: A Controlled Experiment, Ruthbertha Kateule, Salome Maro, Leonard Peter Binamungu
The Impact Of Gender Sensitization On Requirements Elicitation: A Controlled Experiment, Ruthbertha Kateule, Salome Maro, Leonard Peter Binamungu
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Previous studies in software engineering have reported the importance of considering gender aspects in various software engineering activities, including requirements engineering, however, to the best of our knowledge, no work has investigated the impact of gender sensitisation on eliciting gender inclusive software requirements. The objective of this study was to understand the impact of gender sensitisation on software requirements elicitation. We conducted a controlled experiment using 40 undergraduate students from three different computing programs at the University of Dar es Salaam. The 40 participants were divided into 9 groups with both males and females. The participants were asked to elicit …
Enhancing Community Engagement Through ‘Nitunze Kilombero’ Mobile App: Case Of Climate Land Use And Cover Management For Kilombero Basin, Ghanima Chanzi, Subira Munishi
Enhancing Community Engagement Through ‘Nitunze Kilombero’ Mobile App: Case Of Climate Land Use And Cover Management For Kilombero Basin, Ghanima Chanzi, Subira Munishi
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The Kilombero Basin in southeastern Tanzania faces significant challenges due to rapid land use and land cover (LULC) changes driven by climate change, population growth, and unsustainable farming practices. This study assessed the role of community engagement and digital reporting through the 'NITUNZE KILOMBERO', mobile application in supporting water resources management in the basin. The App facilitates real-time reporting of environmental issues, provides educational resources, and enables collaboration between local communities and authorities. A mixed-methods approach, including household surveys and key informant interviews, was employed to assess the app's effectiveness. Results indicate high community awareness of LULC impacts, with 85% …
Load Flow And Fault Performance Evaluation Of Interconnected Minigrids In Uganda Using Digsilent Powerfactory, Prossy Mutesi, Santos Kihwele, Emmanuel Matee
Load Flow And Fault Performance Evaluation Of Interconnected Minigrids In Uganda Using Digsilent Powerfactory, Prossy Mutesi, Santos Kihwele, Emmanuel Matee
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The increasing demand for decentralized, reliable electricity in rural Sub-Saharan Africa has catalyzed the deployment of minigrids as an intermediate electrification strategy. This study investigates two solar photovoltaic (PV) mini-grids: Kyamugarura and Kanyegaramire, located in western Uganda, approximately 3km apart. Each mini grid initially consisted of 13 kW installed photovoltaic (PV) capacity, supplying power to households and small businesses. Due to rising demand and regular evening blackouts, both mini-grids are being upgraded to 57 kWp each. The integration of these upgraded systems into the national utility grid is proposed and simulated to evaluate performance improvements under two medium-voltage interconnection options: …
Accounting And Economic System Classification: An Adverse Effect Of The Misconceptualization Of Capital, Henry Zeno Chalu
Accounting And Economic System Classification: An Adverse Effect Of The Misconceptualization Of Capital, Henry Zeno Chalu
Business Management Review
This paper discusses the influence of accounting on economic system classification. Particularly, it traces how a misconception of the accounting term ‘capital’ led to a misleading characterization of capitalism and socialism as inherently oppositional economic systems. This misunderstanding stems from neglect of the two complementary modes of thought on which accounting as a science rests: reasoning, which is the conceptual, idealistic dimension, and proving, which is the technical, physicalist dimension. Both modes are integral to the construction of most of the accounting terms used in economics. If an accounting conceptualization had been followed, capitalism and socialism would not …
Epidemiology And Ultrasonographic Observations Of Urogenital Schistosomiasis Related Urinary Tract Morbidity In Itilima District, Simiyu Region, Tanzania, Coletha Yohana, Bruno A. Nyundo, Jared S. Bakuza, Peter F. Rambau, Safari M. Kinung’Hi
Epidemiology And Ultrasonographic Observations Of Urogenital Schistosomiasis Related Urinary Tract Morbidity In Itilima District, Simiyu Region, Tanzania, Coletha Yohana, Bruno A. Nyundo, Jared S. Bakuza, Peter F. Rambau, Safari M. Kinung’Hi
Tanzania Journal of Science
Chronic infection of urogenital schistosomiasis in humans is a major cause of urinary tract morbidity in endemic areas. However, information on the prevalence of schistosomiasisrelated urinary tract morbidity is lacking in most endemic countries including Tanzania. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of schistosomiasis-related urinary tract morbidity in schoolchildren and adults in Itilima District. Urine samples from 682 residents were examined for Schistosoma haematobium infection using urine filtration technique. Urinary tract morbidity was examined by ultrasound. The prevalence of S. haematobium infection was 16.4% (112/682) and varied significantly between villages (range 3.2% to 29.5%, χ2 = 48.467, p < 0.001). There was no significant variation of S. haematobium infection between male and female (8.3 % vs 8.1%, χ2 = 0.679, p = 0.410). Majority (93.8%) had light infections (
Trophic Transfer Of Fluorescent Polyethylene Microplastics In A Simplified Artemia–Oreochromis Aquatic Food Chain, Dativa J. Shilla
Trophic Transfer Of Fluorescent Polyethylene Microplastics In A Simplified Artemia–Oreochromis Aquatic Food Chain, Dativa J. Shilla
Tanzania Journal of Science
Microplastics (MPs) are pervasive contaminants in aquatic ecosystems, yet experimental evidence of their trophic transfer within tropical African food webs remains scarce. This study provides experimental evidence of indirect trophic transfer of microplastics from Artemia salina to Oreochromis urolepis, a cichlid species of ecological and economic importance in African inland and coastal waters. A simplified two-level food chain was established by exposing A. salina nauplii to fluorescent polyethylene microplastics (10–20 µm; 1, 10, and 100 mg L⁻¹) and subsequently feeding them to juvenile O. urolepis under controlled laboratory conditions. These concentrations were selected to represent a range of exposure levels …
Load Profile Analysis And Forecasting For Rural Mini Grids In Uganda, Prossy Mutesi, Santos L. Kihwele, Emmanuel S. Matee
Load Profile Analysis And Forecasting For Rural Mini Grids In Uganda, Prossy Mutesi, Santos L. Kihwele, Emmanuel S. Matee
Tanzania Journal of Science
Accurate load forecasting is essential for the reliable and cost-effective operation of rural mini grids, where constrained generation capacity and high penetration of renewable energy resources require well-informed operational decisions. This study examines electricity demand characteristics and forecasting performance for the Buzaami and Ssenyondo mini grids in Uganda, with particular focus on diurnal load profiles, peak demand behavior, and seasonal variability. 2022 operational data show extended peak demand from early morning to late evening, driven by socio-economic activities that strain resource scheduling and reliability management. To address these challenges, the study evaluates and compares Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, fuzzy …
A System For The Prediction Of Election Results Using Vader And Hybridized Machine Learning Model, Abraham E. Evwiekpaefe, Khadijah Kabir, Georgina N. Obunadike
A System For The Prediction Of Election Results Using Vader And Hybridized Machine Learning Model, Abraham E. Evwiekpaefe, Khadijah Kabir, Georgina N. Obunadike
Tanzania Journal of Science
Integrating different classifiers along with sentiment lexicons like Vader, can enhance the performance of sentiment analysis systems. However, such a hybrid model remains underexplored, particularly in the context of regional elections in developing countries like Nigeria. The aim of this research is to develop a hybrid model that combines three machine learning classifiers and Vader lexicon to possibly achieve a higher accuracy. A case study of the 2023 governorship election in Kogi, Bayelsa and Imo State, Nigeria was examined. Twitter API library was utilized to extracted public and personal tweets using hashtags and keywords related to the target data from …