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Success Among Incarcerated Mothers Seeking Treatment For Opioid Use Disorder, Brinna Desai Jan 2022

Success Among Incarcerated Mothers Seeking Treatment For Opioid Use Disorder, Brinna Desai

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a type of substance use disorder characterized by repeated use of opioid drugs. These drugs are known to be rapidly addictive with severe withdrawal symptoms, making death due to overdose a rising concern. In this study, we took a closer look at a specific population of women, all of whom had children and were incarcerated for opioid use. Our goal was to better understand the factors that would impact success among this group seeking medication-assisted treatment for OUD. We developed a set of questions focused on a variety of factors including stigma surrounding the disorder, …

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“Stay Home, Save Lives": A Study On Covid-19 And Intimate Partner Violence, Grace E. Messina Jan 2022

“Stay Home, Save Lives": A Study On Covid-19 And Intimate Partner Violence, Grace E. Messina

Honors Undergraduate Theses

With the introduction of COVID-19, preliminary data suggests that the forms and frequency of abuse relating to intimate partner violence (IPV) have changed. Most of society was unaware of the arising silent pandemic which was happening to the individuals in abusive relationships who were being quarantined with their abuser. The IPV resources were extremely aware of this silent pandemic due to large numbers of individuals seeking emergency shelter. However, there was only a priority for public safety due to COVID-19 when in hindsight, there needed to be a balance of public safety as well as increased aid for the individuals …

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Positive Psychology - A Cross-Cultural Comparison Of Correctional Systems, Denitsa Kaneva Jan 2022

Positive Psychology - A Cross-Cultural Comparison Of Correctional Systems, Denitsa Kaneva

Honors Undergraduate Theses

This paper analyzes and compares the effectiveness of the correctional systems in the United States of America and Europe, with some emphasis on Scandinavia. To make the comparison, I looked at previous research on the correctional systems in the United States and Europe. I reviewed articles from PsycInfo EBSCO Host and Google Scholar. The main points of comparison used are recidivism rates and rehabilitation services offered by the prisons in different countries. The results of this comparison show that countries that offer better rehabilitation services in the prison system, like Scandinavian countries, have lower recidivism rates than the United States, …

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Understanding Barriers To Leaving Abusive Military Relationships, Christina Lopez Gonzalez Jan 2022

Understanding Barriers To Leaving Abusive Military Relationships, Christina Lopez Gonzalez

Honors Undergraduate Theses

This research investigates intimate partner cyber abuse (IPCA), physical, sexual, and psychological intimate partner violence (IPV) in which the abuser is on active duty, reserve, or a veteran service member within the United States Armed Forces. Using an online survey, I gathered quantitative and qualitative data. I also presented a case study of a woman who experienced IPV within her relationship with a United States Armed Forces member. Specifically, I (1) explored the barriers that this victim encountered when seeking help or leaving the abusive relationship that may be unique to the military context, and (2) examined the context of …

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Assessing The Relative Influence Of Interpersonal Relationship Factors On Probationer Rule Compliance, Lucas Alward Jan 2022

Assessing The Relative Influence Of Interpersonal Relationship Factors On Probationer Rule Compliance, Lucas Alward

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The quality of probation officer-client therapeutic alliance (TA) can result in improvements in supervision success including reduced rearrest and non-compliance. However, less is known about how clients' perceptions of procedural justice during interactions with their probation officer (PO) influence the quality of the PO-client TA and impact supervision outcomes. While extant research supports the importance of procedural justice for shaping citizen's legitimacy beliefs and compliance to the law within policing, we know little about how and whether these concepts influence the PO-client TA in community supervision and whether they impact compliance. Using self-reported survey data collected from a sample of …

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A Human-Centered Approach To Improving Adolescent Online Sexual Risk Detection Algorithms, Afsaneh Razi Jan 2022

A Human-Centered Approach To Improving Adolescent Online Sexual Risk Detection Algorithms, Afsaneh Razi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Computational risk detection has the potential to protect especially vulnerable populations from online victimization. Conducting a comprehensive literature review on computational approaches for online sexual risk detection led to the identification that the majority of this work has focused on identifying sexual predators after-the-fact. Also, many studies rely on public datasets and third-party annotators to establish ground truth and train their algorithms, which do not accurately represent young social media users and their perspectives to prevent victimization. To address these gaps, this dissertation integrated human-centered approaches to both creating representative datasets and developing sexual risk detection machine learning models to …

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The Importance Of Emotional And Physical Safety In The Success And Development Of Public Spaces, Isabella Wilhelm Jan 2022

The Importance Of Emotional And Physical Safety In The Success And Development Of Public Spaces, Isabella Wilhelm

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Our day-to-day lives consist of formal and informal settlements in the built environment. As humans, we gravitate towards successful informal settlements (public spaces) to conduct activities such as socializing and recharging. Previous research has highlighted the importance of distinct factors in determining the success of public spaces. Still, research has failed to develop the foundation that makes all public places prosper. Through examining successful and unsuccessful public places through case studies, this research analyses the success and importance of our emotional and physical safety in public spaces through the presence or absence of sound, light, nature, boundaries, and order.

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Addressing Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence: Fair Data Generation And Classification And Analyzing Algorithmic Curation In Social Media, Amirarsalan Rajabi Jan 2022

Addressing Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence: Fair Data Generation And Classification And Analyzing Algorithmic Curation In Social Media, Amirarsalan Rajabi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

With the growing impact of artificial intelligence, the topic of fairness in AI has received increasing attention. Artificial intelligence is observed to have caused unanticipated negative consequences. In this dissertation, we address two critical aspects regarding human-centered artificial intelligence (HCAI), a new paradigm for developing artificial intelligence that is ethical, fair, and helps to improve the human condition. In the first part of this dissertation, we investigate the effect that AI curation of contents by social media platforms has on an online discussions, by studying a polarized discussion in the Twitter network. We then develop a network communication model that …

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Hannibal Lecter And A Friend Walk Into A Bar: The Role Of Psychopathy In Peer Drinking Behaviors, Matthew Kramer Jan 2022

Hannibal Lecter And A Friend Walk Into A Bar: The Role Of Psychopathy In Peer Drinking Behaviors, Matthew Kramer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

OVERVIEW: College student drinking remains a concern on campuses, with many interventions for college students not showing the desired effect in lowering alcohol use and problems. Thus, examining possible underlying factors, such as psychopathy, is important. Psychopathy includes elements of callousness, manipulativeness, charm, and impulsivity. Additionally, psychopathy has been associated with increased alcohol use and problems. Despite the overwhelming evidence of psychopathy's role in alcohol pathology writ large, and that psychopathy is considered to include predatory interpersonal skills and antisocial behaviors, there is little research examining the role of psychopathy in peer influence related to alcohol use and protective strategies. …

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Homicide Patterns In Urban Places:A Geospatial Analysis Of Homicide In Baltimore, M.D., Kayla Toohy Jan 2022

Homicide Patterns In Urban Places:A Geospatial Analysis Of Homicide In Baltimore, M.D., Kayla Toohy

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Extant criminological research examining research questions oriented on understanding the spatial distribution of violent crime instances, such as homicide, have often employed the theoretical foundations of both social disorganization theory and routine activities theory. Though there is much research using these theories independently and in conjunction with one another, few studies have integrated the theories in analyses of homicide at multiple levels of aggregation. The current study is conducted to analyze homicide incidents in Baltimore, Maryland from 2014 through 2018. The analysis conducted considers both social disorganization and routine activities theory variables to test the explanatory power of each theory …

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Inclusive Writing, Kairos, And Technical Communication: Defining Our Modern Age., Ramara Reisch Jan 2022

Inclusive Writing, Kairos, And Technical Communication: Defining Our Modern Age., Ramara Reisch

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

A reoccurring topic in the TPC (technical/ professional communication) field has been the exclusion and marginalization of some audience members, especially those who are African American/ Black, Asian, Hispanic or Latino, LGBTQIA, and those with physical or mental disabilities. Throughout this thesis, I make connections between what has happened in the past and how it has contributed to the kairos of the TPC social justice turn. I explore the term "kairos" which is the timing and space in which something occurs and, depending on someone's delivery, they can create a persuasive and opportunist moment. The subject of including audiences into …

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The Twinning Of Crisis: Intimate Partner Violence, State-Level Policy, And Female-Headed Family Poverty Across The United States, Julio Montanez Jan 2022

The Twinning Of Crisis: Intimate Partner Violence, State-Level Policy, And Female-Headed Family Poverty Across The United States, Julio Montanez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Intimate partner violence (IPV) and poverty plague populations as twin social crises. Just as IPV has implications in terms of gender, race, magnitude, and deleteriousness—so does poverty. IPV cuts across demography but has concentrated burden for certain groups. In addition to the many dimensions of violence survivors may face, survivors may face economic abuse, as well as difficulty working or attaining an education. Poverty, measured in relative and absolute terms, is stratified by various demographic categories (e.g., disability, ethnicity, gender), with certain groups facing an enhanced prevalence of the issue. With these demographic disparities working in the background of the …

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Limited Court Access V. Poor And Indigent, Chinyere Anunobi Jan 2022

Limited Court Access V. Poor And Indigent, Chinyere Anunobi

Honors Undergraduate Theses

In criminal cases, poor individuals must qualify as legally indigent to receive legal representation. In civil cases, poor and indigent individuals must find their own resources to support themselves since the government does not guarantee counsel. Without counsel, poor and indigent individuals are forced to find legal representation for these cases on their own, which can be difficult considering the expenses of fees and fines. Cognitive processes, including bias and stereotypes, create a barrier in advocacy because they cloud judgement of decision-makers, which can diminish the voice of this vulnerable community. Barriers like these create an invisible wall where limited …

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Impact Of Counsel Type On Initial Release Decisions And Case Outcomes, Nefertari Elshiekh Jan 2022

Impact Of Counsel Type On Initial Release Decisions And Case Outcomes, Nefertari Elshiekh

Honors Undergraduate Theses

When a defendant is arrested, they can choose to either hire a private attorney to represent them, have appointed counsel such as a public defender, or have no representation. While the Sixth Amendment guarantees the right to counsel regardless of a defendant’s ability to pay, this counsel is not always required at first appearance. In fact, only 14 states have made it a requirement to have counsel at first appearance, and even in those states, counsel is not always appointed immediately. However, at first appearance, the judge determines whether to release the defendant pending trial, and if the defendant is …

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The Pardon Paradigm: The Presidential Pardons Of Donald J. Trump, Hlynur Saemundsson Jan 2022

The Pardon Paradigm: The Presidential Pardons Of Donald J. Trump, Hlynur Saemundsson

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The presidential pardon power is an oft-overlooked political institution that seems to be perceived as being innocuous and irrelevant to larger political concerns. This research examines the pardons issued by President Donald J. Trump in an effort to evaluate whether they align with constitutional expectations regarding the use of this unrestricted presidential power. Dr. Jeffrey Crouch, a leading scholar on the subject, has demonstrated that the pardon power was intended to be used as a disinterested act of grace or an act in the public interest. A close survey of President Trump’s use of this power shows that many of …

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The Global Impact Of Covid-19 And Tourism On Conservation Rangers' Guardianship Capabilities, Zachary Bockler Jan 2022

The Global Impact Of Covid-19 And Tourism On Conservation Rangers' Guardianship Capabilities, Zachary Bockler

Honors Undergraduate Theses

This thesis explores how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted wildlife rangers with an emphasis on the influences of tourism rates. Two sets of data are used: one is a survey of rangers around the world and the other looks at global governmental tourism data. While coming from a routine activities perspective, the problem of decreased capable guardianship becomes apparent in the form of massively decreased tourism arrivals and troubling ranger perceptions. This data allows for the establishment of tourism trends and changes during COVID. The findings of this thesis link the downturn in tourism with impacts on formal and informal …

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Sexual And Intimate Partner Violence Among The Lgbtq+ College Population, Courteney Lewis Jan 2022

Sexual And Intimate Partner Violence Among The Lgbtq+ College Population, Courteney Lewis

Honors Undergraduate Theses

College-aged students have the highest sexual assault and intimate partner violence victimization rates. Previous studies have linked victimization with poor mental health scores, especially in the LGBTQ+ college population. They also showed a higher rate of victimization for LGBTQ+ students. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between victimization and mental health in the LGBTQ+ college population. To conduct this study, I used data from the Spring 2021 and 2022, American College Health Association (ACHA) - National College Health Assessment (NCHA). The results of the study established statistical significance in the rates of sexual violence in LGBTQ+ …

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Investigating The Intersection Of Teachers' Mathematical Anxiety According To Experience And Instructional Grade Level, Molly Greer Jan 2022

Investigating The Intersection Of Teachers' Mathematical Anxiety According To Experience And Instructional Grade Level, Molly Greer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Teacher instruction in mathematics is a critical cornerstone for effective student learning (Aldrup et al., 2020). Teaching mathematics is essential for the development of student mathematical thinking; a foundational skill required for the majority of careers (Ramirez et al., 2016). Researchers have demonstrated that mathematical anxiety (MA) is prevalent among the general population and is estimated to impact 42% of teachers in elementary education (Aldrup et al., 2020). The impact of MA on teaching, student learning, and overall teacher performance is just beginning to emerge. Yet, researchers have shown MA has implications on the function (Pizzle et al., 2020) and …

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Innovation Resistance? Understanding Officer Attitudes Toward Police Innovation, Justin Smith Jan 2022

Innovation Resistance? Understanding Officer Attitudes Toward Police Innovation, Justin Smith

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Over the years, innovations such as community-oriented policing, problem-oriented policing, and crime analysis have helped police agencies control, reduce, and prevent crime and disorder, and improve police and community relations. However, research shows that some officers are resistant to using these innovations in practice. Few studies have examined the causal mechanisms behind innovation resistance. This doctoral dissertation details a study that utilized a mixed method approach to partially test a framework that encompassed two theories to explain officer resistance to innovation: The Model of Consumer Resistance to Innovation from the consumer psychology and marketing fields (Ram & Sheth, 1989), and …

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Law Enforcement Motivations For Establishing Real-Time Crime Centers: A Mixed Model Study, Frank Linton Jan 2022

Law Enforcement Motivations For Establishing Real-Time Crime Centers: A Mixed Model Study, Frank Linton

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Law enforcement agencies across the United States are establishing real-time crime centers (RTCCs) at a rapid rate, yet research exploring the decisions to establish them is lacking. This study therefore attempts to fill that void by using a mixed methods approach to examine whether adaptive organizational theories, consisting of contingency theory (Lawrence & Lorsch, 1967; Woodward, 1965), resource dependency theory (Pfeffer & Salancik, 1978), and institutional theory (DiMaggio & Powell 1991; Meyer & Rowan, 1977), can be used to explain a law enforcement agency's decision to set up an RTCC. This cross-sectional mixed methods design comprised two different studies (Study …

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Defunding Law Enforcement: Fire Departments' Perspective On Implementing The National Fire Protection Association 3000 Standard When Preparing For An Active Shooter Mass Casualty Incident, Anthony Rios Jan 2022

Defunding Law Enforcement: Fire Departments' Perspective On Implementing The National Fire Protection Association 3000 Standard When Preparing For An Active Shooter Mass Casualty Incident, Anthony Rios

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

This study applied the policy window theory through punctuated equilibrium and resource dependency theories to analyze the perception of nationwide fire service leaders and the impact that defunding law enforcement can have on the fire service in managing an active shooter mass casualty incident (ASMCI). As police reform remains the center of discussion throughout the nation, many community leaders have explored ways to re-appropriate police funding. This comes at a time when the paradigm of law enforcement and Fire/Emergency Medical Services (EMS) interdependency has become the standard response to ASMCIs as defined by the National Fire Protection Association 3000 Standard …

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Using Simulation For Law Enforcement De-Escalation Training, Julie Kent Jan 2022

Using Simulation For Law Enforcement De-Escalation Training, Julie Kent

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Law enforcement needs simulation practice tailored to de-escalation skills. Law enforcement officers spend most of their training time practicing how to use force appropriately and very little time practicing how to avoid using force. There is little research into the best ways for law enforcement to reduce their use of force and the best ways to provide training to individuals to coach them to avoid using force. There are many training programs promoting de-escalation techniques, but there is little research into the effectiveness of these programs beyond the ability of individuals to perform the skills that are trained. There is …

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The Expansion Of School Resource Officers In A Florida County: A Mixed Methods Study, Melanie Soderstrom Jan 2022

The Expansion Of School Resource Officers In A Florida County: A Mixed Methods Study, Melanie Soderstrom

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

In the aftermath of school shootings, policymakers presented the expansion of school resource officers (SROs) in the nation's schools as a method for keeping students safe. Recently, policing in the United States has come under increased scrutiny, and several school districts across the country cancelled their SRO contracts with law enforcement agencies. Notably, these contradictory decisions have been made with limited empirical knowledge surrounding, the roles, preparedness, and impact of SROs. A county in Florida substantially expanded its SRO program in the 2016-17 school year creating a new unit within the local sheriff's office and an opportunity to investigate these …

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Zombie At Work (Aggressive) Zombie At Home: The Relationship Between Work Boredom And Romantic Partner Undermining And Disengagement, Kenzie Dye Jan 2022

Zombie At Work (Aggressive) Zombie At Home: The Relationship Between Work Boredom And Romantic Partner Undermining And Disengagement, Kenzie Dye

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Work boredom is an understudied topic within Industrial/Organizational psychology, and studies have yet to examine work boredom in the context of the work-nonwork interface. The present study reviewed the current work boredom literature and then examined two pathways by which boredom may be related to employees' behavior at home. It proposed that negative affect, in the form of frustration, is a link between work boredom and undermining behaviors toward one's romantic partner. The cognitive pathway connecting work boredom with romantic partner disengagement, was proposed to be affective rumination. These pathways were expected to be buffered with a high work-nonwork segmentation …

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Mediation And Moderation Analyses Investigating Marijuana Use Among Lgb Adults, Traccy Martins Jan 2022

Mediation And Moderation Analyses Investigating Marijuana Use Among Lgb Adults, Traccy Martins

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

With marijuana use being at an all-time high, it is important to further analyze the factors associated with use. Utilizing the 2015-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (N=205,083), the current study assesses marijuana use among LGB adults, as well as possible mediating (health-related measures) and moderating (criminal legal system exposure) factors. Findings using a chi-square analysis showed that overall, bisexual and lesbian/gay adults were more likely to use marijuana, while those who reported "not sure" were less likely to use. For the mediation analysis, when health measures were introduced to the logistic regression model, the outcome remained the …

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An Examination Of Street-Level Drug Enforcement Tactics And Court Outcomes, Nicholas Paul Jan 2022

An Examination Of Street-Level Drug Enforcement Tactics And Court Outcomes, Nicholas Paul

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

While there is a substantial body of placed-based evaluations of drug enforcement strategies, little is known about the nature and effectiveness of the routine tactics used by local police to target individual drug offenders. This study used a mixed-method approach to build on existing research on the efficacy of drug enforcement by documenting the nature and consequences of street-level drug enforcement at the local level. First, a focus group of drug enforcement experts was conducted to identify the tactics used to generate arrests and various types of evidence believed to strengthen drug cases. Next, official data in the form of …

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Predicting The Likelihood Of Verbal Coercion Across Race And Ethnicity Through Routine Activity Theory, Ketty Fernandez Jan 2022

Predicting The Likelihood Of Verbal Coercion Across Race And Ethnicity Through Routine Activity Theory, Ketty Fernandez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Sexual coercion is a widespread issue in the United States. It is estimated that one in six women in the U.S. have been sexually coerced in their lifetime. While studies in the area have increased over the years, a major limitation in the current literature is the lack of racial and ethnic representation among victim samples, as the majority of sexual assault research overwhelmingly focuses on White women. Although there are different types of sexual coercion, this study focuses on verbal sexual coercion (VSC), a tactic less studied but used as often as other forms of intimidation. Studies suggest alcohol, …

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Florida History Research In Progress, Florida Historical Society Dec 2021

Florida History Research In Progress, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

This list shows the amount and variety of Florida history research and writing currently underway, as reported to the Florida Historical Quarterly. Doctoral dissertations and master’s theses completed in 1986 are included. Research in Florida history, sociology, anthropology, political science, archeology, geography, and urban studies is listed.

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Black Immigrants: Bahamians In Early Twentieth-Century Miami, Raymond A. Mohl Dec 2021

Black Immigrants: Bahamians In Early Twentieth-Century Miami, Raymond A. Mohl

Florida Historical Quarterly

Miami is generally thought of as a new immigrant city— a city that only recently became the haven of Caribbean and Latin American exiles and refugees. Until the first big wave of Cubans began to arrive in 1959, Miami seemed the quintessential tourist town and retirement haven. From the 1920s through the 1950s, sun and surf, gambling and horse racing, and endless promotional extravaganzas helped to shape Miami’s public image. The fact is, however, that Miami has always had a magnetic attraction for peoples of the Caribbean. Indeed, the magnitude and diversity of current immigration to Miami tends to mask …

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Brokers, Binders, And Builders: Greater Miami's Boom Of The Mid-1920s, Paul S. George Dec 2021

Brokers, Binders, And Builders: Greater Miami's Boom Of The Mid-1920s, Paul S. George

Florida Historical Quarterly

Six decades have passed since greater Miami and all the rest of Florida were immersed in an orgy of land speculation and a vast array of construction projects referred to as the boom. Miami and its environs were the storm center of the boom, which began to reach fever pitch in 1924. This speculative period crested in the latter part of 1925, when the price of land rose to unheard of heights, and construction commenced on a myriad of ambitious building projects. The boom ended in 1926.

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