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Railroads, Farmers And Senatorial Politics: The Florida Commission In The 1890s, Tracy E. Danese Mar 2022

Railroads, Farmers And Senatorial Politics: The Florida Commission In The 1890s, Tracy E. Danese

Florida Historical Quarterly

The 1887 Florida Legislature created the state’s first Railroad Commission to curb monopoly abuses by railroad companies. 1 The legislation, which vested regulatory jurisdiction in a three-person commission appointed by the governor, was popular and suited to the reform tenor of the times. It had passed unanimously in the house and with only three dissenting votes in the senate. 2 Yet, in a peculiar twist of Florida political history, the commission’s statutory basis was abruptly repealed only four years later. Florida’s intrastate rail service was left once again unfettered by regulatory constraints.3 Then, six years later, the legislature reestablished the …

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Company Towns And Social Transformation In The North Florida Timber Industry, 1880-1930, Jeffrey A. Drobney Mar 2022

Company Towns And Social Transformation In The North Florida Timber Industry, 1880-1930, Jeffrey A. Drobney

Florida Historical Quarterly

The history of industry and labor in the Post-Civil War South for many historians is a story of coal mining and textile manufacturing. Both industries have generated hundreds of historical monographs and represent a very visible part of Southern labor history, when the South’s largest industry, lumbering, has been virtually ignored. Historian Edward Ayers has reminded us, however, that the lumber industry “captures the full scope of economic change in the New South, its limitations as well as its impact.“1 A few monographs, such as Nollie Hickman’s study of Mississippi and Robert Maxwell and Robert Baker, and Ruth Allen’s work …

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History News, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Obituary

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Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

SPANISH TREASURE. FLEETS, by Timothy R. Walton, reviewed by Eugene Lyon; FLORIDA IN POETRY A HISTORY OF THE IMAGINATION, edited by Jane Anderson Jones and Maurice J. O’Sullivan, reviewed by Kevin M. McCarthy; THE COLUMBIA RESTAURANT SPANISH COOKBOOK, by Adela Hernandez Gonzmart and Ferdie Pacheco, reviewed by Martin Favata; HISTORY OF BREVARD COUNTY, by Jerrell H. Shofner, reviewed by Gordon Patterson; A HISTORY OF ALTAMONTE SPRINGS, FLORIDA, by Jerrell H. Shofner, reviewed by William Warren Rogers; FLAGS ALONG THE COAST; CHARTING THE GULF OF MEXICO, 1519-1759: A REAPPRAISAL, by Jack Jackson, reviewed by William S. Coker; TIDECRAFT: THE BOATS OF …

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Florida History In Periodicals, James A. Schnur Mar 2022

Florida History In Periodicals, James A. Schnur

Florida Historical Quarterly

This selected bibliography includes scholarly articles in the fields of Florida history, archaeology, geography, political science, and anthropology published in state, regional, and national periodicals in 1995. Articles, notes, and documents that have appeared in the Florida Historical Quarterly are not included in this listing since they appear in the annual index of each volume.

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Wife-Killers And Evil Temptresses: Gender, Pardons And Respectability In Florida, 1889-1914, Vivien Miller Mar 2022

Wife-Killers And Evil Temptresses: Gender, Pardons And Respectability In Florida, 1889-1914, Vivien Miller

Florida Historical Quarterly

Florida's State Board of Pardons, created by the state constitution of 1868, was a necessary component of the state’s criminal justice system in the late 19th and 20th centuries due to the general inadequacy of the penal arrangements,1 the frequency with which judges imposed death penalties on those convicted of firstdegree murder, and the absence of any probation or parole facilities. Letters to the pardoning board, to successive governors and to newspapers such as the Florida Times Union and the Tampa Tribune, indicate accord among diverse sections of Florida society on the need for harsh punishment for those who committed …

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Finding Freedom In Florida: Native Peoples, African Americans, And Colonists, 1670-1816, Patrick Riordan Mar 2022

Finding Freedom In Florida: Native Peoples, African Americans, And Colonists, 1670-1816, Patrick Riordan

Florida Historical Quarterly

The entry of the lower south into a world marketplace wrought transformations on its European, native, and African American populations. As production demands increased after the turn of the 18th century, African laborers began to escape their European masters in greater numbers and more frequently sought permanent freedom. When they entered “Indian country,” African Americans confronted native peoples with a difficult choice. Native Americans could assist them in escape, incorporate them into native groups, or return them to the Europeans with whom Native Americans maintained a delicate balance of diplomacy and trade.

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Landlords And Tenants: Sharecropping And The Cotton Culture In Leon County, Florida, 1865-1885, Clay Ouzts Mar 2022

Landlords And Tenants: Sharecropping And The Cotton Culture In Leon County, Florida, 1865-1885, Clay Ouzts

Florida Historical Quarterly

In 1875 the poet Sidney Lanier visited Leon County, bordering Georgia in northern Florida. Lanier left a favorable account of the red-hill countryside surrounding Tallahassee, the state capital. He described the area as having long fences which marked off pastures, ancient live oaks and other hardwoods spread across the rolling hills where "ample prospects, [came] before the eye."1 Almost ten years later a northern observer remarked that the region was "exceptionally attractive" and that it was one of the "most desirable localities imaginable for several characters of farm industry."2 Promotional literature in the 1890s continued to depict Leon County as …

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Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

MIAMI BEACH: A HISTORY, by Howard Kleinberg, reviewed by Paul S. George; WILLIAM BARTRAM AND THE SOUTHEASTERN INDIANS, edited and annotated by Gregory A. Waselkov and Kathryn E. Holland Braund, reviewed by Paul Wehr; HAD I THE WINGS: THE FRIENDSHIP OF BACHMAN AND AUDUBON, by Jay Shuler, reviewed by Steven Valdespino; STEPPING OUT OF THE SHADOWS: ALABAMA WOMEN, 1919-1990, edited by Mary Martha Thomas, reviewed by Sarah P. Vickers; THE STRUGGLE FOR THE GEORGIA COAST: AN EIGHTEENTH CENTURY SPANISH RETROSPECTIVE ON GUALE AND MOCAMA, by John E. Worth, reviewed by Richard Durshlag; AFTER APPOMATTOX: How THE SOUTH WON THE WAR, …

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Florida's Frontier Constitution: The Statehood, Banking & Slavery Controversies, Stephanie D. Moussalli Mar 2022

Florida's Frontier Constitution: The Statehood, Banking & Slavery Controversies, Stephanie D. Moussalli

Florida Historical Quarterly

Floridians wrote their first constitution in the winter of 1838-1839 in the panhandle town of St. Joseph. It was implemented in 1845 when Florida was admitted to the Union.1 Writing a constitution that would pass congressional inspection was an essential step in completing the process from territorial status to statehood in accordance with the Northwest Ordinance of 1787.2 It had become customary for constitutional conventions to rely on models from older states. From 1776 to 1838, the older states had made 41 different constitutions, giving Florida’s founders an extensive and lively constitutional tradition from which to draw.3 They used Alabama’s …

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Long Time Coming: Miami's Liberty City Riot Of 1968, Eric Tscheschlok Mar 2022

Long Time Coming: Miami's Liberty City Riot Of 1968, Eric Tscheschlok

Florida Historical Quarterly

In 1898, Josiah Strong predicted that “the problem of the twentieth century will be the city.” Five years later, W. E. B. Du Bois declared that “the problem of the twentieth century is the problem of the color line.“1 The turbulent 1960s proved both men prophetic: from Newark to Los Angeles, the nation’s black communities erupted in violence and destruction. For much of the decade, Dade County, Florida escaped this pattern of violence. But in August 1968, as the Republican national convention took place in Miami Beach, the Miami ghetto community of Liberty City erupted into several days of rioting.

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Anthony Hutchins: A Pioneer Of The Old Southwest, Ethan A. Grant Mar 2022

Anthony Hutchins: A Pioneer Of The Old Southwest, Ethan A. Grant

Florida Historical Quarterly

The story of British and Spanish Natchez, and the early territorial days of Mississippi cannot be complete without reference to Anthony Hutchins. This temperamental and volatile character was involved in much of the history of the region from his arrival in 1772 until his death in 1802. Barely five feet tall and slender, Hutchins combined the reputed traits of bantam rooster and bulldog. His voice was reedy and his temper was short. By bluff, bluster, and native intelligence, he normally came out at the top of every dispute, and he had many.

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Mayor Forrest Lake Of Sanford, Daniel O. Gilmartin Mar 2022

Mayor Forrest Lake Of Sanford, Daniel O. Gilmartin

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Sanford Herald of January 25, 1939 declared in a matter-of-fact obituary that “Forrest Lake, for many years mayor of Sanford and former member of the Florida Legislature, died in the Fernald-Laughton Memorial Hospital shortly before midnight last night following an illness of little more than two weeks.” It was the first time the newspaper had mentioned Forrest Lake since his return from prison five years earlier. Although most of the town’s citizens had joined the newspaper in ostracizing the former mayor, local businesses closed their doors for the funeral and some of the communities’ most prominent citizens served as …

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History News, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Awards and Honors, Meetings and Calls for Papers, News

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Florida History Research In Progress, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Florida History Research In Progress, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

No abstract provided.

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Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

SITUADO AND SABANA: SPAIN’S SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR THE PRESIDIO AND MISSION PROVINCES OF FLORIDA, by Amy Turner Bushnell, reviewed by William S. Coker; FLORIDA INDIANS AND THE INVASION FROM EUROPE, by Jerald T. Milanich, reviewed by John K. Mahon; PEDRO MENÉNDEZ DE AVILÉS, by Eugene Lyon, reviewed by Susan R. Parker; FORT MEADE, 1859-1900, by Canter Brown, Jr., reviewed by Janet Snyder Matthews; THE AFRICAN AMERICAN HERITAGE OF FLORIDA, edited by David R. Colburn and Jane L. Landers, reviewed by Irwin D. Solomon; SWAMP SONG: A NATURAL HISTORY OF FLORIDA’S SWAMPS, by Ron Larson, reviewed by Patricia G. Dillon; JUMP …

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Yellow Fever, The Doctors, And Their Victims In The 19th Century South, Theodore B. Vanitallie Mar 2022

Yellow Fever, The Doctors, And Their Victims In The 19th Century South, Theodore B. Vanitallie

Florida Historical Quarterly

The year is 1853; the month July. Imagine that you are a 30-year old bank clerk from New York who has traveled to New Orleans to visit your younger sister, recently married to an assistant editor of the Picayune. Six days after your return to your native city, you suddenly develop chills and fever. Your head aches and you feel weak and nauseated. You collapse on the guest-room bed but, instead of experiencing relief from lying down, the muscles of your neck, back and legs start to ache severely and, over the next two days, you become so irritable and …

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Seminole/Miccosukee Art, David M. Blackard Mar 2022

Seminole/Miccosukee Art, David M. Blackard

Florida Historical Quarterly

Any general work, and many narrowly focused articles addressing the Florida Seminole and Miccosukee Indians mention their extraordinary clothing, especially patchwork. Dress is the dominant art form for these native peoples. Since the late 1970s several “how-to” books have been published which are devoted exclusively to the “Seminole” patchwork technique. But until now, a book length treatment of the “Art of the Florida Seminole and Miccosukee Indians” has been lacking. Dorothy Downs has assembled in a single volume an ambitious collection of comments and pictorial evidence on all forms of Seminole/Miccosukee art. Extracting material from the historical record, she has …

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Andrew Dias Poppell, 1894-1955: A Taylor County Entrepreneur, Margaret N. Burkley Mar 2022

Andrew Dias Poppell, 1894-1955: A Taylor County Entrepreneur, Margaret N. Burkley

Florida Historical Quarterly

During the first half of the 20th century, forest products and livestock were major parts of the Florida economy. Large lumber and naval stores firms were extracting huge amounts of yellow pine lumber and turpentine from Florida’s extensive forests and cattle barons were marketing cattle which they had grown on wide expanses of open range. That Florida was the leading producer of naval stores by the early 20th century is also comparatively wellknown. 1 Much less has been written about the small businessmen who played important roles in the development of diversified local economies by investing in and operating naval …

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Blanche Armwood Of Tampa And The Strategy Of Interracial Cooperation, Keith Halderman Mar 2022

Blanche Armwood Of Tampa And The Strategy Of Interracial Cooperation, Keith Halderman

Florida Historical Quarterly

Blanche Armwood was born in Tampa on January 3, 1890, into a well-established middle-class black family. Her maternal grandfather, Adam Holloman, had been appointed in 1875 to the Hillsborough County Commission by then-Governor Marcellus L. Stearns. That same year he purchased four parcels of land which totalled 123 acres. Her great uncle, John Armwood, had been a negotiator between the Seminoles and white settlers on the southern Florida frontier. He also became an early landowner when he successfully homesteaded 159 acres in Hillsborough County. Her father, Levin Armwood, was Tampa’s first black policeman and subsequently served as county deputy sheriff. …

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Asian Immigration To Florida, Raymond A. Mohl Mar 2022

Asian Immigration To Florida, Raymond A. Mohl

Florida Historical Quarterly

By the mid-1990s, few states could challenge Florida’s Sunbelt growth image and megastate status. Now the fourth largest state, following California, Texas, and New York, Florida has had a dramatically rising demographic trajectory for most of the twentieth century. Indeed, the state’s population growth rate has never fallen below 28 percent a decade since 1900; it was much higher than that during the boom years of the 1920s (52 percent), the 1950s (79 percent), and the 1970s (44 percent). Since 1960, however, a substantial portion of the state’s new population has come as a consequence of immigration. Careful estimates in …

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Annual Meeting, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Annual Meeting, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Annual Meeting, The Florida Historical Society 93rd Annual Meeting

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Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

DADE’S LAST COMMAND, by Frank Laumer, reviewed by William M. Goza; BLOCKADERS, REFUGEES, & CONTRABANDS: CIVIL WAR ON FLORIDA’S GULF COAST, 1861-1865, by George E. Buker, reviewed by William Warren Rogers; REBEL STOREHOUSE: FLORIDA IN THE CONFEDERATE ECONOMY, by Robert A. Taylor, reviewed by Anthony Iacono; THE CONFEDERADOS: OLD SOUTH IMMIGRANTS IN BRAZIL, edited by Cyrus B. Dawsey and James M. Dawsey, reviewed by José B. Fernández; ESSAYS ON CUBAN HISTORY: HISTORIOGRAPHY AND RESEARCH, by Louis a Pérez, Jr., reviewed by Thomas M. Leonard; THE CHEROKEES AND CHRISTIANITY, 1794-1870, by William G. McLoughlin; edited by Walter H. Conser, Jr., reviewed …

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Hurston Goes To War: The Army Signal Corps In Saint Augustine, Gordon Patterson Mar 2022

Hurston Goes To War: The Army Signal Corps In Saint Augustine, Gordon Patterson

Florida Historical Quarterly

In the fall of 1942, Zora Neale Hurston returned to Saint Augustine. She had come to “this city because it [was] a quiet place to sit down and write.“1 By January 1943, she had moved to Daytona Beach. Her brief stay in Saint Augustine was eventful. She finished revising Dust Trucks on a Road and J. B. Lippincott published it in November. Simultaneously, Hurston and Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings established a “close friendship.“2 Hurston’s relations, however, were less cordial with William Gray, Jr., the newly appointed president of Florida Normal and Industrial Institute. She let it be known that she considered …

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Defending America By Aiding The Allies: The British Student Pilots At Arcadia And Clewiston, 1941-1945, Thomas D. Greenshaw Mar 2022

Defending America By Aiding The Allies: The British Student Pilots At Arcadia And Clewiston, 1941-1945, Thomas D. Greenshaw

Florida Historical Quarterly

Monday morning, June 8, 1941, 99 British citizens arrived at the Atlantic Coast Line depot in Arcadia, Florida. Although dressed in civilian clothes, all were members of the Royal Air Force destined for training as pilots in the United States before returning to defend king and country in the raging European war. It was a delicate situation. The United States was trying to aid Britain and her allies while maintaining its official neutrality.

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A Botanical Mystery The Elusive Trail Of The Datil Pepper To St. Augustine, Jean Andrews Mar 2022

A Botanical Mystery The Elusive Trail Of The Datil Pepper To St. Augustine, Jean Andrews

Florida Historical Quarterly

Since December 1984, when Peppers: The Domesticated Capsicums was published, interest in growing and eating capsicums has increased dramatically. Prior to that publication, little attention had been given to the historical aspects of the genus Capsicum, which is comprised of all the green and red peppers (pimientos) in the world, but does not include its namesake black pepper (pimienta) or Piper nigrum, a native of India, and a much wanted item in the pre-Columbian spice trade. Five-hundred years ago, while Christopher Columbus was searching for a shorter route to India and the East Indies in order to break the Muslim …

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Daniel Newnan: A Neglected Figure In Florida History, John K. Mahon Mar 2022

Daniel Newnan: A Neglected Figure In Florida History, John K. Mahon

Florida Historical Quarterly

There is a lake in Alachua County, Florida, named for Daniel Newnan of Georgia. Called Pithlachocco on early maps, it was renamed for Newnan because he led a Georgia detachment that fought the Alachua Indians near there in September 1812. Although it has long since disappeared, there was also a town named Newnansville which was the Alachua County seat until 1854. The county seat of Coweta County in Georgia is also named for him. But neither in Florida nor Georgia is there much in print about this man.

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Disfranchisement, Women's Suffrage And The Failure Of Florida's Grandfather Clause, Tracy E. Danese Mar 2022

Disfranchisement, Women's Suffrage And The Failure Of Florida's Grandfather Clause, Tracy E. Danese

Florida Historical Quarterly

Following the adoption of the Constitution of 1885, Florida joined its sister southern states in enacting a series of election laws aimed at disfranchising black voters. This statutory labyrinth, with the Democratic party’s white primary system as its centerpiece, had all but excluded the state’s African-American citizens from the political arena by 1913. Although virtually complete in its practical effects, that process legally operated only in the primary elections. African-American males remained technically eligible to vote in general elections if their poll taxes were paid. In the same period, women’s suffrage was intruding on the existing political structure from another …

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History News, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Annual Meeting, Awards and Honors, Meetings and Calls for Papers, News

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Directors Meeting, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Directors Meeting, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Florida Historical Society Minutes of the Board Meeting, January 20, 1995

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