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Resource Allocation Schemes And Performance Evaluation Models For Wavelength Division Multiplexed Optical Networks, Mounire El Houmaidi Jan 2005

Resource Allocation Schemes And Performance Evaluation Models For Wavelength Division Multiplexed Optical Networks, Mounire El Houmaidi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical networks are rapidly becoming the technology of choice in network infrastructure and next-generation Internet architectures. WDM networks have the potential to provide unprecedented bandwidth, reduce processing cost, achieve protocol transparency, and enable efficient failure handling. This dissertation addresses the important issues of improving the performance and enhancing the reliability of WDM networks as well as modeling and evaluating the performance of these networks. Optical wavelength conversion is one of the emerging WDM enabling technologies that can significantly improve bandwidth utilization in optical networks. A new approach for the sparse placement of full wavelength converters based …


10th Annual Joseph C. Andrews Mentoring Breakfast, March 3, 2005, Black Faculty And Staff Association Jan 2005

10th Annual Joseph C. Andrews Mentoring Breakfast, March 3, 2005, Black Faculty And Staff Association

BFSA Collection - Mentoring Breakfast Materials

No abstract provided.


Physicians' Use Of The Personal Digital Assistant (Pda) In Clinical Decision Making, Cheryl R. Dee, Marilyn Teolis, Andrew D. Todd Jan 2005

Physicians' Use Of The Personal Digital Assistant (Pda) In Clinical Decision Making, Cheryl R. Dee, Marilyn Teolis, Andrew D. Todd

Faculty Bibliography 2000s

Purpose: This study examined how frequently attending physicians and physicians in training used personal digital assistants (PDAs) for patient care and explored physicians' perceptions of the impact of PDA use on several areas of clinical decision making. Setting/Subjects: The 108 participants included 59 attending physicians and 49 physicians in training from teaching hospitals in Tennessee, Florida, Alabama, Kentucky, and Pennsylvania. Methodology: Respondents completed a questionnaire designed to explore PDA use in a clinical setting. Results: Eighty-seven percent of the respondents reported PDA use for patient encounters. Fifty-five percent of respondents reported frequent use, and 32% reported occasional use of a …


Resistance To A Protein Farnesyltransferase Inhibitor In Plasmodium Falciparum, Richard T. Eatman, John White, Oliver Hucke, Kevin Bauer, Kohei Yokoyama, Laxman Nallans, Debopam Chakrabarti, Christophe L. M. J. Verlinde, Michael H. Gelb, Pradipsinh K. Rathod, Wesley C. Van Voorhis Jan 2005

Resistance To A Protein Farnesyltransferase Inhibitor In Plasmodium Falciparum, Richard T. Eatman, John White, Oliver Hucke, Kevin Bauer, Kohei Yokoyama, Laxman Nallans, Debopam Chakrabarti, Christophe L. M. J. Verlinde, Michael H. Gelb, Pradipsinh K. Rathod, Wesley C. Van Voorhis

Faculty Bibliography 2000s

The post-translational farnesylation of proteins serves to anchor a subset of intracellular proteins to membranes in eukaryotic organisms and also promotes protein-protein interactions. Inhibition of protein farnesyltransferase (PFT) is lethal to the pathogenic protozoa Plasmodium falciparum. Parasites were isolated that were resistant to BMS-388891, a tetrahydroquinoline (THQ) PFT inhibitor. Resistance was associated with a 12-fold decrease in drug susceptibility. Genotypic analysis revealed a single point mutation in the beta subunit in resistant parasites. The resultant tyrosine 837 to cysteine alteration in the beta subunit corresponded to the binding site for the THQ and peptide substrate. Biochemical analysis of Y837C-PFT demonstrated …


Effects Of Content Augmentation Strategies In An Instructional Virtual Environment, Roger Hamilton Jan 2005

Effects Of Content Augmentation Strategies In An Instructional Virtual Environment, Roger Hamilton

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Content augmentation strategies (CAS) are instructional methods which specify the overlaying of content objects by content augmentation objects in order to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of instruction. The goals of this research were to build a comprehensive framework around CASs, determine the experimental effects of CASs in an instructional virtual environment (VE), and make recommendations regarding the employment and further study of CASs in instructional virtual environments. The VE experiment examined the effectiveness and efficiency impact of six different content augmentation strategies which overlayed different content augmentation objects onto four immersive VE scenarios. Sixty university students, 40 men and …


Social Work Values And Hospital Culture: An Examination From A Competing Values Framework, Amanda Evans Jan 2005

Social Work Values And Hospital Culture: An Examination From A Competing Values Framework, Amanda Evans

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to assess the perceptions of social workers employed in Florida hospitals in relation to the core values of their profession and the alignment of those values within the culture of their current work setting. The conceptual framework for the study was from organizational behavior theory specific to culture, values, and trust. The Competing Values Framework (Cameron & Quinn, 1999) provided a method to distinguish co-existing competing values within an organization. The research findings indicated that 65% of the professional social workers who participated in the study perceived that the core values of their profession …


Union Impact On Police Expenditures In Florida, Laurence Putchinski Jan 2005

Union Impact On Police Expenditures In Florida, Laurence Putchinski

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The continued steady growth of public sector unions compels public administrators to understand the influence labor organizations exert upon local governments. The following study demonstrates the extent of union influence upon police expenditures in Florida. Union influence not only increases total police expenditures and personal services expenditures, it also causes operating expenses to rise. Union influence is less pronounced, and possibly even non-existent in capital outlays expenditures because of possible lack of interest on the part of the union in this area and also because of the existence of economically predetermined policies regarding capital outlays such as vehicle purchases. Public …


Sandspur, Vol 112, No 15, 2005, Rollins College Jan 2005

Sandspur, Vol 112, No 15, 2005, Rollins College

The Rollins Sandspur

Rollins College student newspaper, written by the students and published at Rollins College. The Sandspur started as a literary journal.


Testing An Intervention To Address The Sociocultural Influence Of Mass Media On Body Image: Can We Reverse The Curse?, Janet Derosier Murray Jan 2005

Testing An Intervention To Address The Sociocultural Influence Of Mass Media On Body Image: Can We Reverse The Curse?, Janet Derosier Murray

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The adverse effects of exposure to unrealistic ideals in the media are well documented, however, this is the first study to explore the possibility that women may experience improvement in body image and affect via social comparison to women with realistic, non-ideal body shape and size. Using material from The Century Project©, the impact of exposure to nude, non-pornographic photographs of women of varied shape, size, age, and physical condition, and the photographed women's personal commentaries about how they successfully cope with body image concerns was tested using an experimental design. It was hypothesized that exposure to the photographs and …


Home School Versus Other Applicants To Postsecondary Institutions: Admission Policies And In-Depth Analysis, Rebecca Lynn Ashford Jan 2005

Home School Versus Other Applicants To Postsecondary Institutions: Admission Policies And In-Depth Analysis, Rebecca Lynn Ashford

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this study, 94 colleges and universities in Florida were surveyed to determine what their admission policies were for home school applicants. Forty-six colleges responded to the survey. The results of the survey were analyzed to determine if there was a pattern of acceptance based on institution type--public, private, or proprietary. Further, the admission policies were analyzed to determine the extent to which they complied with the National Center for Home Education's (NCHE) recommend college admission policies for home school applicants. The researcher found that public colleges were more likely to accept home school students than were private colleges. Also, …


A Constructionist Analysis Of Same-Sex Marriage, Sandra Kay Nead Jan 2005

A Constructionist Analysis Of Same-Sex Marriage, Sandra Kay Nead

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Same-sex marriage has been heavily debated in academics and in the public sphere. During the 2004 Presidential election same-sex marriage became an issue that polarized the candidates. It has become a lightning rod for public debate. Due to the increasing attention to the controversy of legalizing same-sex marriage, it is an important topic for research. This paper seeks to contribute to the research of same-sex marriage by providing insight into claims-making efforts to define same-sex marriage as a social problem. My findings shed light on this topic from a social constructionist perspective by examining the use of rhetorical idioms of …


Design Of A Dynamic Focusing Microscope Objective For Oct Imaging, Supraja Murali Jan 2005

Design Of A Dynamic Focusing Microscope Objective For Oct Imaging, Supraja Murali

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a novel optical imaging technique that has assumed significant importance in bio-medical imaging in the last two decades because it is non-invasive and provides accurate, high resolution images of three dimensional cross-sections of body tissue, exceeding the capabilities of the current predominant imaging technique –ultrasound. In this thesis, high resolution OCT is investigated for in vivo detection of abnormal skin pathology for the early diagnosis of cancer. The technology presented is based on a dynamic focusing microscopic imaging probe conceived for skin imaging and the detection of abnormalities in the epithelium. A novel method for …


Internal Capital Markets And Bank Relationship - Evidence From Japanese Corporate Spin-Offs.Internal Capital Markets, Investment, Seung Han Jan 2005

Internal Capital Markets And Bank Relationship - Evidence From Japanese Corporate Spin-Offs.Internal Capital Markets, Investment, Seung Han

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation consists of two studies related to internal capital markets and bank relationship using Japanese corporate spin-offs. The first study analyzes the relation between internal capital markets and banks by examining 137 Japanese corporate spin-offs created between the years 2001 and 2003 (since the establishment of new spin-offs law in 2001). In a univariate analysis, we find significant positive average cumulative abnormal returns around the announcements, market-adjusted excess returns after the spin-offs, an increase of the Herfindahl index, and a reduction in the diversification discount after the spin-offs. In a cross-sectional analysis, we find that bank-related governance variables such …


An Assessment Of Mental Health Counseling Services Provided By Florida Public Community Colleges And Universities, Tito Jovan Benjamin Jan 2005

An Assessment Of Mental Health Counseling Services Provided By Florida Public Community Colleges And Universities, Tito Jovan Benjamin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to assess mental health counseling services provided by Florida public community colleges and universities. The researcher of this study designed the Counseling Center Questionnaire instrument. This instrument consisted of two different questionnaires, one for community colleges and the other for universities. The questionnaires were developed to ascertain information regarding mental health services provided by higher education institutions. The questionnaires yielded information pertaining to (a) which Florida community colleges and public universities were offering mental health counseling services to students, (b) the types of mental health counseling services provided, (c) the types of problems/issues students …


The Effect Of Pre-K Early Intervention Duration On Academic Achievement And Socialization Opportunities Of 3rd Grade Students Who Were Eligible For Special Education Services At Ages 3 To 5: An Exploratory Study Of Children With Developmental Delays, Mike Chang-Hui Lin Jan 2005

The Effect Of Pre-K Early Intervention Duration On Academic Achievement And Socialization Opportunities Of 3rd Grade Students Who Were Eligible For Special Education Services At Ages 3 To 5: An Exploratory Study Of Children With Developmental Delays, Mike Chang-Hui Lin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The study focuses on young children with developmental delays (DD) in a large school district and explores the effects of Pre-Kindergarten Exceptional Student Education (Pre-K ESE) duration on 136 students' 3rd grade academic achievement and socialization opportunities. This study specifically examines the 2003 statewide assessment (i.e. Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test, FCAT) results of children with DD and their 3rd grade special education status. The literature review showed that providing early intervention services for young children ages 3 through 5 with special needs in the public school system has become the movement of both the federal and state educational policies. However, …


Returning Home: Unhcr's Strategies For Repatriation For And Reintegration, Tania N. Domenech Jan 2005

Returning Home: Unhcr's Strategies For Repatriation For And Reintegration, Tania N. Domenech

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Under what conditions is the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) able to successfully repatriate and reintegrate refugees to their country of origin? This work aims to evaluate the success of UNHCR's initiative to sponsor the repatriation and reintegration of political refugees who voluntarily chose to return to their homeland. The study of political refugees is essential in International Relations, since it entails the failure of preventing ethnic violence and civil unrest. Overall, the emergence of refugees is the product of the inability of conflict prevention. Voluntary repatriation and reintegration of these refugees provides a message of mending relations, …


Tolerance And Conditioning To Neuro-Muscular Electrical Stimulation Within And Between Sessions And Gender, Gad Alon, Gerald V. Smith Jan 2005

Tolerance And Conditioning To Neuro-Muscular Electrical Stimulation Within And Between Sessions And Gender, Gad Alon, Gerald V. Smith

Faculty Bibliography 2000s

This study was conducted to determine: 1) If healthy subjects can be conditioned to tolerate clinically useful electrically induced muscle contraction; and 2) If there is a gender difference in response to such conditioning. Healthy volunteers ( 10 males, 11 females, mean age of 27.6 +/- 5.8 yrs) were tested during each of 6 testing sessions. Maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) of the right quadriceps femoris (RQF) recorded by a computerized dynamometer. Electrical stimulation delivered through two surface electrodes and stimulation amplitude increased until the subject indicated to stop. After a 1 min rest the amplitude increased again to the …


Risk Aversion And Incentive Effects: Comment, Glenn W. Harrison, Eric Johnson, Melayne M. Mcinnes, E. Elisabet Rutström Jan 2005

Risk Aversion And Incentive Effects: Comment, Glenn W. Harrison, Eric Johnson, Melayne M. Mcinnes, E. Elisabet Rutström

Faculty Bibliography 2000s

No abstract provided.


Cytokine-Driven Cell Cycling Is Mediated Through Cdc25a, Annette R. Khaled, Dmitry V. Bulavin, Christina Kittipatarin, Wen Qing Lu, Michelle Alvarez, Kyungjae Kim, Howard A. Young, Albert J. Fornace, Scott K. Durum Jan 2005

Cytokine-Driven Cell Cycling Is Mediated Through Cdc25a, Annette R. Khaled, Dmitry V. Bulavin, Christina Kittipatarin, Wen Qing Lu, Michelle Alvarez, Kyungjae Kim, Howard A. Young, Albert J. Fornace, Scott K. Durum

Faculty Bibliography 2000s

Lymphocytes are the central mediators of the immune response, requiring cytokines for survival and proliferation. Survival signaling targets the Bcl-2 family of apoptotic mediators, however, the pathway for the cytokine-driven proliferation of lymphocytes is poorly understood. Here we show that cytokine-induced cell cycle progression is not solely dependent on the synthesis of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) or cyclins. Rather, we observe that in lymphocyte cell lines dependent on interleukin-3 or interleukin-7, or primary lymphocytes dependent on interleukin 7, the phosphatase Cdc25A is the critical mediator of proliferation. Withdrawal of IL-7 or IL-3 from dependent lymphocytes activates the stress kinase, p38 MAPK, …


Ubiquitin Ligase Mkrn1 Modulates Telomere Length Homeostasis Through A Proteolysis Of Htert, Jun Hyun Kim, Sun-Mi Park, Mi Ran Kang, Sue-Young Oh, Tae H. Lee, Mark T. Muller, In Kwon Chung Jan 2005

Ubiquitin Ligase Mkrn1 Modulates Telomere Length Homeostasis Through A Proteolysis Of Htert, Jun Hyun Kim, Sun-Mi Park, Mi Ran Kang, Sue-Young Oh, Tae H. Lee, Mark T. Muller, In Kwon Chung

Faculty Bibliography 2000s

Telomere homeostasis is regulated by telomerase and a collection of associatedproteins. Telomerase is, in turn, regulated by post-translational modifications of the rate-limiting catalytic subunit hTERT. Here we show that disruption of Hsp90 by geldanamycin promotes efficient ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation of hTERT. Furthermore, we have used the yeast two-hybrid method to identify a novel RING finger gene (MKRN1) encoding an E3 ligase that mediates ubiquitination of hTERT. Overexpression of MKRN1 in telomerase-positive cells promotes the degradation of hTERT and decreases telomerase activity and subsequently telomere length. Our data suggest that MKRN1 plays an important role in modulating telomere length homeostasis …


A Novel Platinum Compound Inhibits Constitutive Stat3 Signaling And Induces Cell Cycle Arrest And Apoptosis Of Malignant Cells, James Turkson, Shumin Zhang, Linda B. Mora, Audrey Burns, Said Sebti, Richard Jove Jan 2005

A Novel Platinum Compound Inhibits Constitutive Stat3 Signaling And Induces Cell Cycle Arrest And Apoptosis Of Malignant Cells, James Turkson, Shumin Zhang, Linda B. Mora, Audrey Burns, Said Sebti, Richard Jove

Faculty Bibliography 2000s

Previous studies have established constitutive activation of Stat3 protein as one of the molecular changes required for tumorigenesis. To develop novel therapeutics for tumors harboring constitutively active Stat3, compounds from the NCI 2000 diversity set were evaluated for inhibition of Stat3 DNA-binding activity in vitro. Of these, a novel platinum (IV) compound, IS3 295, interacted with Stat3 and inhibited its binding to specific DNA-response elements. Further analysis suggested noncompetitive-type kinetics for the inhibition of Stat3 binding to DNA. In human and mouse tumor cell lines with constitutively active Stat3, IS3 295 selectively attenuated Stat3 signaling, thereby inducing cell growth arrest …


Plant-Based Vaccine: Mice Immunized With Chloroplast-Derived Anthrax Protective Antigen Survive Anthrax Lethal Toxin Challenge, Vijay Koya, Mahtab Moayeri, Stephen H. Leppla, Henry Daniell Jan 2005

Plant-Based Vaccine: Mice Immunized With Chloroplast-Derived Anthrax Protective Antigen Survive Anthrax Lethal Toxin Challenge, Vijay Koya, Mahtab Moayeri, Stephen H. Leppla, Henry Daniell

Faculty Bibliography 2000s

The currently available human vaccine for anthrax, derived from the culture supernatant of Bacillus anthracis, contains the protective antigen (PA) and traces of the lethal and edema factors, which may contribute to adverse side effects associated with this vaccine. Therefore, an effective expression system that can provide a clean, safe, and edicacious vaccine is required. In an effort to produce anthrax vaccine in large quantities and free of extraneous bacterial contaminants, PA was expressed in transgenic tobacco chloroplasts by inserting the pagA gene into the chloroplast genome. Chloroplast integration of the pagA gene was confirmed by PCR and Southern analysis. …


Combined Vitamin B6-Magnesium Treatment In Autism Spectrum Disorder, Bryce A. Nye C Jan 2005

Combined Vitamin B6-Magnesium Treatment In Autism Spectrum Disorder, Bryce A. Nye C

Faculty Bibliography 2000s

Background The use of mega-vitamin intervention began in the 1950s with the treatment of schizophrenic patients. Pyroxidine (vitamin B6) was first used with children diagnosed with "autism syndrome" when speech and language improvement was observed in some children as a result of large doses of B6. A number of studies attempted to assess the effects of vitamin B6-Magnesium (Mg) was found to reduce undesirable side effects from B6) on characteristics such as verbal communication, non-verbal communication, interpersonal skills, and physiological function, in individuals with autism. Objectives To determine the efficacy of vitamin B6 and magnesium (B6-Mg) for treating social, communication, …


Evidence For The Regulatory Role Of The N-Terminal Helix Of Secretory Phospholipase A(2) From Studies On Native And Chimeric Proteins, Shan Qin, Abhay H. Pande, Kathleen N. Nemec, Xiaomei He, Suren A. Tatulian Jan 2005

Evidence For The Regulatory Role Of The N-Terminal Helix Of Secretory Phospholipase A(2) From Studies On Native And Chimeric Proteins, Shan Qin, Abhay H. Pande, Kathleen N. Nemec, Xiaomei He, Suren A. Tatulian

Faculty Bibliography 2000s

The phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) enzymes are activated by binding to phospholipid membranes. Although the N-terminal alpha-helix of group I/II PLA(2)s plays an important role in the productive mode membrane binding of the enzymes, its role in the structural aspects of membrane-induced activation of PLA(2)s is not well understood. In order to elucidate membrane-induced conformational changes in the N-terminal helix and in the rest of the PLA(2), we have created semisynthetic human group IB PLA(2) in which the N-terminal decapeptide is joined with the C-13-labeled fragment, as well as a chimeric protein containing the N-terminal decapeptide from human group IIA PLA(2) …


Development Of Head-Mounted Projection Displays For Distributed, Collaborative, Augmented Reality Applications, Jannick P. Rolland, Frank Biocca, Felix Hamza-Lup, Yanggang Ha Jan 2005

Development Of Head-Mounted Projection Displays For Distributed, Collaborative, Augmented Reality Applications, Jannick P. Rolland, Frank Biocca, Felix Hamza-Lup, Yanggang Ha

Faculty Bibliography 2000s

Distributed systems technologies supporting 3D visualization and social collaboration will be increasing in frequency and type over time. An emerging type of head-mounted display referred to as the head-mounted projection display (HMPD) was recently developed that only requires ultralight optics (i.e., less than 8 g per eye) that enables immersive multiuser, mobile augmented reality 3D visualization, as well as remote 3D collaborations. In this paper a review of the development of lightweight HMPD technology is provided, together with insight into what makes this technology timely and so unique. Two novel emerging HMPD-based technologies are then described: a teleportal WED (T-HMPD) …


The Effects Of A Single Exercise Bout On Plasma Leptin Concentration In Obese Males, George Kyriazis Jan 2005

The Effects Of A Single Exercise Bout On Plasma Leptin Concentration In Obese Males, George Kyriazis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Recent findings suggest that leptin may be regulated in response to abrupt changes in energy homeostasis. Therefore, it is conceivable that transient changes in energy balance induced by exercise may also regulate leptin synthesis and secretion. As such, we hypothesized that acute increases energy expenditure (i.e. exercise), may regulate leptin concentrations in obese individuals. Fifteen healthy obese males underwent either a single exercise session of moderate intensity (58.4 % ± 4.0 of VO2max) for 60 min (n=8), or served as controls (n=7). The exercise session elicited an energy expenditure of 567±80 Kcal. No significant changes in plasma leptin (pre 23.5± …


Relationships Among School Counselor Self-Efficacy, Perceived School Counselor Role, And Actual Practice, Michelle Mitcham-Smith Jan 2005

Relationships Among School Counselor Self-Efficacy, Perceived School Counselor Role, And Actual Practice, Michelle Mitcham-Smith

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships that exist among school counselor self-efficacy, perceptions of the professional school counselor's role held by counselors, and actual practice. Data were collected from 192 professional school counselors that attended a statewide counselor conference. Professional school counselors responded to two researcher-designed surveys; the first was a 14-item demographic survey; the second, a 20-item by four-question survey for a total of 80 responses. A Multiple Regression Analysis was used to ascertain what relationships existed between school counselor self-efficacy, school counselor perceived role, and actual practice. The questionnaire listed 20 different counselor and …


Parental Attributions And Discipline Of Child Behavior, Arazais Oliveros Jan 2005

Parental Attributions And Discipline Of Child Behavior, Arazais Oliveros

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Extant empirical evidence suggests that multiple risk and protective factors implicated in children's development of behavior problems are intertwined. This study, therefore, investigated the relationships among parental depression and anger, attributions of control, discipline, parent-child relationship variables, and children's behavior problems. Results were based on the responses of parents (55 mothers and 13 fathers) with children in Head Start and parents (52 mothers and 4 fathers) with children in Private School settings. All parents had children who ranged in age from 3- to 8-years. Compared to Private School parents, Head Start parents had lower levels of nonviolent discipline, involvement, and …


The Effects Of Exposure To Feminist Ideology On Women's Body Image, Rachel Diane Peterson Jan 2005

The Effects Of Exposure To Feminist Ideology On Women's Body Image, Rachel Diane Peterson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Body image disturbance has become an increasing problem among women (Cash & Henry, 1995). Thus researchers have begun to focus on methods of prevention and intervention. Programs utilizing psychoeducation and Festinger's cognitive dissonance theory, for example, have been found to reduce body image dissatisfaction and related symptomatology. The information provided and potential impact are limited, however, because the interventions do not offer women an adaptive method of interpreting the many appearance-related messages they experience. This study sought to determine if exposure to feminist theory of body image may act as a buffer – a filter through which cultural messages about …


The Influence Of Counselor Education Programs On Counselor Wellness, Leila Roach Jan 2005

The Influence Of Counselor Education Programs On Counselor Wellness, Leila Roach

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Counselor education programs strive to promote the personal development and wellness of counselors in addition to cognitive, skill, and professional competencies. The purpose of this study was to examine trends in self-reported levels of wellness of master's level counseling students. The cross-sectional study investigated the influence of time in a counselor education program on the wellness levels of counseling students. Students were surveyed at three points in their counselor education training: the beginning, middle, and end. Participants included 204 master's level counseling students enrolled in three CACREP-accredited counselor education programs located in the southeastern United States. Each participant completed the …