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Biosensors For Biodiesel Quality Sensing, M. Z. Hossain, D. S. Shrestha, Maurice G. Kleve Jan 2010

Biosensors For Biodiesel Quality Sensing, M. Z. Hossain, D. S. Shrestha, Maurice G. Kleve

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A biosensor is an analytical device that uses biomaterials as elements of the sensing system and converts a biological response into an electrical signal. Biodiesel is a bio-based alternative, biodegradable, renewable, nontoxic diesel fuel made from a chemical reaction between alcohol (usually methanol or ethanol) and plant oil or animal fat. A need to provide accurate, real-time information for the quality sensing of biodiesel properties such as free and total glycerol has led to an ever-increasing demand for biosensor development. Being able to monitor specific physical and chemical properties is the prerequisite for developing a biosensor for quality sensing of …

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Comparative Leaf Decomposition Rates Including A Non-Native Species In An Urban Ozark Stream, Sarah E. Lewis, Arthur V. Brown Jan 2010

Comparative Leaf Decomposition Rates Including A Non-Native Species In An Urban Ozark Stream, Sarah E. Lewis, Arthur V. Brown

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Leaf decomposition of three species of native Ozark vegetation was compared to that of one nonnative invasive species. Leaves were placed in an urban gravel-bed stream for 23 days. Changes in mass and condition of the leaves were assessed along with stream temperature, flow, width, depth and discharge. Species native to Eastern North American forests were sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), dogwood (Cornus florida), and redbud (Cercis canadensis). The nonnative species, Japanese (Amur) honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) comprised approximately 80% of the understory vegetation within the riparian zone of the study reach. After 23 days, Sycamore lost 24.6% mass, dogwood lost 30%, redbud …

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Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors Jan 2010

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Past Presidents Of The Arkansas Academy Of Science, Academy Editors Jan 2010

Past Presidents Of The Arkansas Academy Of Science, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Search For The Next "Silver Bullet": A Review Of Literature, V. A. Black, G. Njewel Jan 2010

Search For The Next "Silver Bullet": A Review Of Literature, V. A. Black, G. Njewel

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

We present a review on the application of silver containing compounds that have been incorporated in the surfaces of a large variety of medical devices including vascular, urinary, and peritoneal catheters, endotracheal tubes, sutures, and fracture fixation devices, as well as other materials such as plastics in kitchen appliances and fabrics. We found renewed and rising interest in silver-containing materials due to their antimicrobial, including antiviral and antifungal, properties, their good toxicology and environmental record. Silver-containing compounds could be used against bacterial strains that are known to be resistant to antibiotics. More research is necessary to determine safe levels and …

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Evaluation Of Fish And Macroinvertebrate Indices Of Biotic Integrity In The Bioassessment Of The Illinois River Basin, Rebekah Hotz Jan 2010

Evaluation Of Fish And Macroinvertebrate Indices Of Biotic Integrity In The Bioassessment Of The Illinois River Basin, Rebekah Hotz

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

Evaluating performances of the fish and invertebrate Indices of Biotic Integrity (IBIs) for a region is important to maintain rigorous assessment of the environmental quality of streams, especially with increasing urbanization. Timing of the assessment is considered important, with the critical season (low flow, high temperature) preferred, but the primary season (spring– summer) may be as efficient. I assisted with the collection and analysis of fish and macroinvertebrates using methods developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (USEPA) Rapid Bioassessment Protocols (RBPs) and the Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ), along with obtaining habitat and chemical assessments during primary …

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Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 11 2010, Several Authors Jan 2010

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 11 2010, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Assessment Of Total Organic Carbon Concentrations In Two Streams Of Northwest Arkansas: Town Branch And Brush Creek, Abigail N. Washispack, Jason A. Mcginnis, Brian E. Haggard Jan 2010

Assessment Of Total Organic Carbon Concentrations In Two Streams Of Northwest Arkansas: Town Branch And Brush Creek, Abigail N. Washispack, Jason A. Mcginnis, Brian E. Haggard

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Within a stream, changes in flow rate and local environment can affect the total organic content (TOC) concentrations in the stream water and TOC delivery downstream to water supply reservoirs. Disinfection by-products (DBPs) result from various chemical reactions between chlorine, bromine, and organic carbon in raw water during the drinking water treatment process; DBPs are potential carcinogens and are regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In this project, we measured the TOC concentrations in two streams in the Beaver Lake Watershed: Town Branch and Brush Creek. We then compared TOC concentrations between the two streams and to that observed …

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Sediment Phosphorus Flux In Beaver Lake In Northwest Arkansas, Taraf Abu Hamdan, Thad Scott, Duane Wolf, Brian E. Haggard Jan 2010

Sediment Phosphorus Flux In Beaver Lake In Northwest Arkansas, Taraf Abu Hamdan, Thad Scott, Duane Wolf, Brian E. Haggard

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Internal phosphorus (P) loading may influence primary production in lakes, but the influence of sediment-derived P has not been well studied in Beaver Lake of Northwest Arkansas. Soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), dissolved organic P (DOP), and total dissolved P (TDP) sediment-water fluxes were determined using intact sediment cores collected from deepwater environments in the riverine, transition zone, and lacustrine zones of Beaver Lake. The SRP, DOP, and TDP fluxes were also estimated from cores collected from shallow locations in the transition zone. There was a net positive SRP (0.001 – 0.005 µg P cm-2 h-1), DOP (0.005 – 0.01 µg …

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In Memoriam: Robert L. Watson, 1934-2010, David A. Saugey Jan 2010

In Memoriam: Robert L. Watson, 1934-2010, David A. Saugey

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Stand Conditions Immediately Following A Restoration Harvest In An Old-Growth Pine-Hardwood Remnant, Don C. Bragg Jan 2010

Stand Conditions Immediately Following A Restoration Harvest In An Old-Growth Pine-Hardwood Remnant, Don C. Bragg

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Portions of the Levi Wilcoxon Demonstration Forest (LWDF), a privately owned parcel of old growth pine and hardwoods in Ashley County, Arkansas, were recently treated to restore conditions similar to some historic accounts of the virgin forest. Following a hardwood-only cut, a post-harvest inventory showed that the number of tree species in the sample area declined from 24 in 2006 (the most recent pre-harvest inventory) to 12 in 2009. Loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) and shortleaf (Pinus echinata Mill.) pine now comprise 59.2% of the remaining live trees, up from 16.2% in 2006. Between 2006 and 2009, basal area dropped from …

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Effectiveness Of Weight Control Through Weight Watch Programs, V. A. Black, P. Boumtje Jan 2010

Effectiveness Of Weight Control Through Weight Watch Programs, V. A. Black, P. Boumtje

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Linear probability estimation and survey data are employed to quantify the influence of the lifestyles of individuals on the change in their body mass index (BMI). The analysis also explores the effects of demographic characteristics (age, gender, and ethnicity) in weight management. Results suggest evidence of association between changes in lifestyle and changes in the BMI of individuals.

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Distribution Of The Southeastern Shrew (Sorex Longirostris Longirostris) In Arkansas, G. A. Mikel, Gary A. Heidt, David W. Clark Jan 2010

Distribution Of The Southeastern Shrew (Sorex Longirostris Longirostris) In Arkansas, G. A. Mikel, Gary A. Heidt, David W. Clark

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The southeastern shrew (Sorex longirostris longirostris) is considered uncommon and, due to a lack of knowledge, a Species of Greatest Conservation Need in Arkansas. Also, eastern Arkansas may represent a gap in the species’ distribution. Therefore, we evaluated persistence at previous capture sites, surveyed additional counties, quantified microhabitat at our capture locations, and compiled occurrences. Since Sealander and Heidt’s (1990) Arkansas Mammals detailed its occurrence, additional captures by Huston and Nelson (1994), Showen (2006), and this study document new counties (Pope and Searcy) and a new ecoregion (Arkansas Valley). Number of specimens in Arkansas has increased to 17 in 11 …

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Detection Of Inositol Polyphosphates By Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (Page) Under Apoptotic Conditions In Cultured Sw480 Cells, M. K. Zafar, R. Mohsin, S. Hassen, R. Agarwal, H. Mumtaz, N. Ali Jan 2010

Detection Of Inositol Polyphosphates By Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (Page) Under Apoptotic Conditions In Cultured Sw480 Cells, M. K. Zafar, R. Mohsin, S. Hassen, R. Agarwal, H. Mumtaz, N. Ali

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Inositol phosphates are naturally occurring compounds that regulate diverse cellular processes including apoptosis. Apoptosis is a mechanism by which cells undergo natural death to maintain cellular homeostasis. It causes cell death in areas during a state that is harmful to the body. It also regulates cellular development. Previous work has shown that exogenously administered, as well as endogenously manipulated inositol phosphates bring about apoptotic changes. It has been demonstrated that cellular levels of inositol phosphates, particularly higher inositol phosphates such as inositol hexakis-phosphate (IP6) and diphosphoinositol pentakis-phosphate (IP7) levels increase during apoptotic conditions. In this study, we have attempted to …

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Seasonal Activity Of The Ozark Highlands Leech, Macrobdella Diplotertia, (Annelida: Hirudinea) In North-Central Arkansas, M. Connior, Stanley E. Trauth Jan 2010

Seasonal Activity Of The Ozark Highlands Leech, Macrobdella Diplotertia, (Annelida: Hirudinea) In North-Central Arkansas, M. Connior, Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Ozark Highlands Leech, Macrobdella diplotertia, occurs intermittently throughout Arkansas, Kansas, and Missouri. Limited natural history of this species is known. Herein, we report a new county occurrence for this leech from a cattle pond in southern Marion County, Arkansas. We also report on the seasonal activity and novel hosts of this species. We surveyed the inhabited pond monthly to determine activity and collected natural history data on this species. This study indicated that this species appears to be most active in spring, summer, and early fall, but inactive during the winter. We also documented five new anuran hosts for …

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Presence Of The Asian Tiger Mosquito (Aedes Albopictus) In Northwest Arkansas, J. Wilson, David H. Jamieson Jan 2010

Presence Of The Asian Tiger Mosquito (Aedes Albopictus) In Northwest Arkansas, J. Wilson, David H. Jamieson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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New Records And Notes On The Natural History Of Selected Vertebrates From Southern Arkansas, C. Renn Tumlison, Henry W. Robison Jan 2010

New Records And Notes On The Natural History Of Selected Vertebrates From Southern Arkansas, C. Renn Tumlison, Henry W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Studies Into Cytauxzoon And Helminth Infections Of Bobcats (Lynx Rufus) Of Northwest Arkansas, Emily Hickman, David Kreider, Chris Tucker, Jana Reynolds, Jeremy Powell, Tom Yazwinski Jan 2010

Studies Into Cytauxzoon And Helminth Infections Of Bobcats (Lynx Rufus) Of Northwest Arkansas, Emily Hickman, David Kreider, Chris Tucker, Jana Reynolds, Jeremy Powell, Tom Yazwinski

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of Cytauxzoon felis and gastrointestinal helminth infections in bobcats (Lynx rufus) of Northwest Arkansas, an area known to have numerous cases of cytaux in domestic cats. Sixty bobcat carcasses were collected from trappers located in Mulberry and Decatur, Arkansas. Blood samples from the hearts were used to isolate Cytauxzoon DNA. Next, a polymerase chain reaction ( PCR) procedure coupled with gel-electrophoresis assay for the 18s region of extracted DNA were used to determine the presence of the protozoan in the bobcats at the time of harvest. Out of the 60 …

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Tributary Contribution To The Spring River, Ar As Determined By Water Quality Analyses, T. R. Brueggen, C. B. Dowling, Jennifer L. Bouldin Jan 2010

Tributary Contribution To The Spring River, Ar As Determined By Water Quality Analyses, T. R. Brueggen, C. B. Dowling, Jennifer L. Bouldin

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Tributaries often play an important role in the chemical properties, productivity and species diversity in a river channel. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of tributaries on the water quality of the Spring River, AR. The Spring River has an approximate length of 92 km and has been divided into four zones according to the water source(s) that feed that segment of river. In this study approximately 30 km of the upstream river segment were sampled, which included nine tributaries contributing to the main river channel and incorporated the upper three previously defined zones. Samples were …

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Arkansas Water Resources Center Annual Technical Report, 2009, Arkansas Water Resources Center Dec 2009

Arkansas Water Resources Center Annual Technical Report, 2009, Arkansas Water Resources Center

Arkansas Water Resources Center Annual Report

No abstract provided.

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Avian Advice, Winter 2009, Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food, And Life Sciences (University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville). Center Of Excellence For Poultry Science, University Of Arkansas (System). Cooperative Extension Service Dec 2009

Avian Advice, Winter 2009, Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food, And Life Sciences (University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville). Center Of Excellence For Poultry Science, University Of Arkansas (System). Cooperative Extension Service

Avian Advice

No abstract provided.

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Mole Street Journal, November 2009, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Dept. Of Chemistry And Biochemistry Dec 2009

Mole Street Journal, November 2009, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Dept. Of Chemistry And Biochemistry

Mole Street Journal

No abstract provided.

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Applications Of Variable Number Tandem Repeat Genotyping In The Validation Of An Animal Medical Model And Gene Flow Studies In Threatened Populations Of Reptiles, Candace D. Smith Dec 2009

Applications Of Variable Number Tandem Repeat Genotyping In The Validation Of An Animal Medical Model And Gene Flow Studies In Threatened Populations Of Reptiles, Candace D. Smith

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

We used variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) to validate the chicken as a human medical model for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. We identified seven regions on four chromosomes and interrogated for VNTR markers that significantly associate with Pulmonary Hypertension Syndrome/ascites. In those regions, we identified 7 candidate genes; AGTR1, ACE, p38MAPK, SST, 5HT2B, NET1, and CALM3 for further analysis as significantly contributing QTL for ascites/PHS. We also used variable number tandem repeats to measure gene flow and gather evidence for multiple paternity in a population of Timber rattlesnakes, Crotalus horridus. We were able to verify 1 VNTR that can be used …

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European Union Food Law Update, Emilie H. Leibovitch Dec 2009

European Union Food Law Update, Emilie H. Leibovitch

Journal of Food Law & Policy

In June 2009, citizens of the European Union elected a new European Parliament. Some Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) were reelected while some were not. The majority party is the EPP, the Group of the European People's Party, and the Group of the Progressive Alliance of Socialists & Democrats has the second majority of the seats. The elections were still governed by the Treaty of Nice, since up until very recently, the future of the Treaty of Lisbon was still uncertain. The Treaty of Lisbon was up until now rejected by a few Member States, who, by their reluctance …

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United States Food Law Update: Food Allergy Labels, Reaching Organic Equivalence, Misbranding Litigation And Regulatory Takings, A. Bryan Endres, Michaela N. Tarr Dec 2009

United States Food Law Update: Food Allergy Labels, Reaching Organic Equivalence, Misbranding Litigation And Regulatory Takings, A. Bryan Endres, Michaela N. Tarr

Journal of Food Law & Policy

The start of 2009 found the nation transitioning to a new presidential administration, speculating on the impact new appointees to the executive branch may have on regulatory priorities and monitoring a bill' making its way through Congress that seeks a substantial overhaul of the food regulatory system. This version of the Food Law Update will analyze two major developments in food allergy labeling: finalization of rules requiring the labeling of Cochineal extract/ carmine and an analysis of the proposed "gluten-free" product labels. The update next discusses the execution of an equivalency agreement between the United States and Canada with respect …

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The Role Of Multiple Ccaat-Binding Factors In Candida Albicans Gene Expression, Lashall Lynn Bates Dec 2009

The Role Of Multiple Ccaat-Binding Factors In Candida Albicans Gene Expression, Lashall Lynn Bates

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The CCAAT-binding factor is a heterooligomeric transcription factor that is evolutionarily conserved in eukaryotes. In yeast, the DNA-binding component that interacts with the CCAAT consensus sequence in promoters consists of the subunits termed Hap2p, Hap3p and Hap5p. In yeast and fungi, a fourth subunit, Hap4p, is required for regulating gene expression. The goal of this research is to understand the function of the Candida albicans CCAAT-binding factor and how it relates to virulence and pathogenicity. C. albicans is a human opportunistic pathogen responsible for a variety of mucosal and systemic infections that result in significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in …

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Characterization And Functional Regulation Of Bioactive Peptides In Avian Macrophages And Heterophils, Lakshmi Kannan Dec 2009

Characterization And Functional Regulation Of Bioactive Peptides In Avian Macrophages And Heterophils, Lakshmi Kannan

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Oligopeptides and low molecular weight polypeptides play central roles as effectors and signal transducers acting as hormones, neurotransmitters, growth factors, toxins, and antimicrobial factors that are important for the survival of the organism. Owing to the ubiquitous involvement of peptides in many key regulatory processes, we have been interested to identify native peptides in different cells and tissues and understand their functions. To conduct our studies, we used avian macrophages and heterophils as models of specialized cells which constitute central components of innate immunity. These studies involved (a) qualitative identification and characterization of the peptides associated with high intensity mass …

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Outstanding Educational Performance Awards: Highlighting Top Achieving Arkansas Schools, 2009, Bentley R. Kirkland, James V. Shuls, Caleb P. Rose, Nathan C. Jensen, Gary W. Ritter Nov 2009

Outstanding Educational Performance Awards: Highlighting Top Achieving Arkansas Schools, 2009, Bentley R. Kirkland, James V. Shuls, Caleb P. Rose, Nathan C. Jensen, Gary W. Ritter

Arkansas Education Reports

Since our founding in 2003, the mission of the Office for Education Policy has been to look at pressing issues through the lens of academic research and disseminate our findings to educators, policymakers, and other stakeholders around Arkansas. Every once in a while, however, we think it is okay to stray from issue analysis and simply share some good news! So, in this Arkansas Education Report (AER) we merely aim to highlight excellent performance and give our congratulations. To that end, we are happy to highlight the top performing schools around the state in an annual AER entitled the Outstanding …

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White River Forum Ii: Second Annual Meeting Of The White River Forum, John Havel, Kenneth Steele Nov 2009

White River Forum Ii: Second Annual Meeting Of The White River Forum, John Havel, Kenneth Steele

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

This second annual meeting of the White River Forum is proof of widespread interest in the water quality of the Upper White River watershed. The participation of numerous elected officials, state and federal agencies, universities, businesses, and local citizens indicates that interest in understanding policy issues crosses political boundaries and occupations.

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Mole Street Journal, October 2009, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Dept. Of Chemistry And Biochemistry Nov 2009

Mole Street Journal, October 2009, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Dept. Of Chemistry And Biochemistry

Mole Street Journal

No abstract provided.

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