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Title Of A Paper Prepared For The Arkansas Academy Of Science Journal [Instructions For Prospective Authors], Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Business Meeting Report (Secretary's And Treasurer's Report), Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Keynote Speaker And Meeting Program, Jeff Gaffney, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Comparing Aboveground Biomass Predictions For An Uneven-Aged Pine-Dominated Stand Using Local, Regional, And National Models, Don C. Bragg, K. M. Mcelligott

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Sequestration by Arkansas forests removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, storing this carbon in biomass that fills a number of critical ecological and socioeconomic functions. We need a better understanding of the contribution of forests to the carbon cycle, including the accurate quantification of tree biomass. Models have long been developed to predict aboveground live tree biomass, but few of these have been derived from Arkansas forests. Since there is geographic variability in the growth and yield of pine as a function of genetics, site conditions, growth rate, stand stocking, and other factors, we decided to compare aboveground tree biomass …

Titanium-Oxygen Bond Length -Bond Valence Relationship, D. Dodd, F. D. Hardcastle, S. Laffoon

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A bond length–bond valence correlation is a simple method of checking and evaluating molecular structures and is of great interest in chemistry, biology, geology, and material science. Recently, we used quantum-mechanical arguments to derive Pauling’s bond length-valence relationship and to define the adjustable fitting parameter b in terms of atomic-orbital exponents. Improved orbital exponents were generated for elements 1-103 using published atomic radii and single-bond covalent radii as well as a continuous function for effective principal quantum number. In this study, we use orbital exponents for titanium (Ti) and oxygen (O) to generate a bond length-valence relationship for Ti-O bonds. …

Microsatellite Analysis Of Trophy Largemouth Bass From Arkansas Reservoirs, K. A. Lamothe, Ronald L. Johnson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Arkansas Game and Fish Commission (AGFC) has introduced Florida largemouth bass (FLMB; Micropterus salmoides floridanus) to water bodies historically containing the northern largemouth bass (NLMB; Micropterus salmoides salmoides) subspecies since the late 1970s in an attempt to produce a trophy LMB fishery. Since 2006, the AGFC has been biannually sampling reservoirs stocked with FLMB to determine levels of admixture. Here, total sampling efforts between 2006 and 2011 have been combined, and LMB heavier than 2,268 g (5 lb) were analyzed in an effort to investigate distribution of bass by their genetic composition designated as trophy LMB by the AGFC. …

Arkansas Animal Science Department Report 2012, David L. Kreider

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

Concert Recording 2013-11-22, Brielle Johnson, Denzel Rashard Washington, John James Forsyth, Jacob Louis Sklar, Pafoua N. Yang, Adam Richard Schoelz, Kyleen Marie Floyd, Nicole Johnson, Teana Delisa Herbert Rosales, Tomoko Kashiwagi, Joshua Brice Robertson

Concert Recordings & Programs

Baby it's cold outside / Frank Loesser -- On my own / Claude Michel Schonberg -- Silent night / Franz Gruber -- The music of the night / Andrew Lloyd Wever -- Bridge over troubled water / Paul Simon -- Rinaldo. Lascia ch'io pianga / G. F. Handel -- An die Musik / F. Schubert -- Vaghissima sembianza / S. Donaudy -- Vaga luna che inargenti / V. Bellini -- Dein blaues auge / J. Brahms -- Sebben crudele / A. Caldara --Vergin tutto amor / F. Durante -- An den mond / F. Schubert

Arkansas Water Resources Center Annual Technical Report, 2012, Arkansas Water Resources Center

Arkansas Water Resources Center Annual Report

No abstract provided.

Concentrated, Non-Foaming Solution Of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds And Methods Of Use, Cesar M. Compadre, Philip J. Breen, Hamid Salari, E. Kim Fifer, Danny L. Lattin, Michael F. Slavik, Yanbin Li, Timothy O'Brien, Amy L. Waldroup, Thomas F. Berg

Patents Granted

A concentrated quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) solution with a concentration greater than about 10% by weight and at least one solubility enhancing agent, such as an alcohol, is disclosed. A diluted QAC solution is useful on food products to prevent microbial growth on the food from a broad spectrum of foodborne microbial contamination. Also disclosed is a method of contacting food products with the dilute QAC for an application time of at least 0.1 second. Foods that can be treated by this method are meat and meat products, seafood, vegetables, fruit, dairy products, pet foods and snacks, and any other …

Mole Street Journal, November 2012, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Dept. Of Chemistry And Biochemistry

Mole Street Journal

No abstract provided.

Arkansas Catalyst, December 2012, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville

Arkansas Catalyst

No abstract provided.

Silica Nanoparticle-Based Coatings With Superhydrophilic And Superhydrophobic Properties, Robert Andrew Fleming

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic surfaces have potential for implementation into a variety of fields, including self-cleaning surfaces, anti-fogging transparent materials, and biomedical applications. In this study, sandblasting, oxygen plasma treatments, silica nanoparticle films, and a low surface energy fluorocarbon film were employed to change the natural surface wettability of titanium, glass, and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates, with an aim to produce superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic behavior. The effects of these surface modifications are characterized by water contact angles (WCAs), surface wetting stability, surface morphology and roughness, surface elemental composition, and optical transmittance measurements. The results show that stable superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic surfaces …

Prehistoric Human Ecodynamics In The Rub Al-Khali Desert: Results Of Remote Sensing And Excavations In Dubai, United Arab Emirates, Jason T. Herrmann

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Archaeological investigations in the Emirate of Dubai, UAE conducted by the Dubai Department of Archaeology and the University of Arkansas demonstrate that the desert inland of the Oman Peninsula was occupied not only during the Arabian Neolithic (8000-4400 BC), when the region experienced a moist period referred to as the Holocene Climatic Optimum (HCO), but also during the more arid millennia following the decline of the HCO into the Christian Era. During this period, desert settlement clustered near a band of oases, in contrast to the more widespread spatial distribution of remains of nomadic pastoralists from the Neolithic. Excavations at …

Design, Fabrication, Testing Of Cnt Based Isfet And Characterization Of Nano/Bio Materials Using Afm, Zhuxin Dong

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

A combination of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) and Ion Selective Field Effect Transistor (ISFET) is designed and experimentally verified in order to develop the next generation ion concentration sensing system. Micro Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) fabrication techniques, such as photolithography, diffusion, evaporation, lift-off, packaging, etc., are required in the fabrication of the CNT-ISFET structure on p-type silicon wafers. In addition, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) based surface nanomachining is investigated and used for creating nanochannels on silicon surfaces. Since AFM based nanomanipulation and nanomachining is highly controllable, nanochannels are precisely scratched in the area between the source and drain of the FET where …

Comprehensive Drainage Study Of The Upper Reach Of College Branch In Fayetteville, Arkansas, Kathryn Lea Mccoy

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

College Branch is a stream with headwaters located on the University of Arkansas campus. The stream flows through much of the west side of campus, gaining discharge and enlarging its channel as it meanders to the south. College Branch has experienced erosion and flooding issues in recent years due to increased urbanization of its watershed and increased runoff volume.

The purpose of this project was to develop a comprehensive drainage study of College Branch on the University of Arkansas campus. Storm runoff and flood flow patterns were evaluated in order to understand the hydraulics and hydrology of the watershed and …

Resistance Screening And Control Options For Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri) In Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum), Ryan Christopher Doherty

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In the mid-2000's, glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth biotypes began to emerge in many southern states. In 2006, glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth was identified in a field in Mississippi County, Arkansas. A greenhouse experiment was conducted in 2008 to screen Palmer amaranth accessions, collected in this survey, for glyphosate resistance. Inflorescence were collected from a total of 276 plants from fields were glyphosate failure occurred, representing 74 accessions in 14 counties, including Clay, Craighead, Crittenden, Greene, Jackson, Jefferson, Lawrence, Lee, Mississippi, Phillips, Poinsett, Randolph, St. Francis, and White Counties. Eight of the 74 accessions did not produce viable seed. In the greenhouse, 32 …

Stress-Adaptation And Stress-Induced Changes In Campylobacter Jejuni, Geetha Sanal Kumar-Phillips

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The foodborne pathogen Campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading causes of human gastroenteritis. This bacterium is not a robust organism compared with many other foodborne pathogens and requires special conditions in the laboratory for its growth. In nature, however, this organism is able to survive in very diverse and hostile environments and produce disease in humans. The different mechanisms by which C. jejuni survives stressful conditions in the environment remain unclear. Adhesion and invasion are thought to be important factors for the colonization of C. jejuni in the intestinal tracts of hosts. Previous research in our laboratory showed that …

Community Structure And Ecological Specialization In Plant-Ant Interactions, Paola Barriga

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Positive associations among species have contributed to the maintenance of biodiversity. These interactions are typically studied in pairwise fashion where two interacting organisms are the focus. This dissertation uses network theory to analyze positive plant-ant associations in three Neotropical forests. Obligate plant-ant mutualisms were used, where plants host the ants in domatia and provide food bodies while the ants protect the plants and can feed them. A network approach was used to depict all obligate plant-ant interactions within a community. The main questions asked at the community level were: 1) Do network structure and levels of specialization change geographically and, …

Effects Of Felled Shortleaf Pine (Pinus Echinata Mill.) Moisture Loss On Oviposition Preferences And Survival Of Sirex Nigricornis F. (Hymenoptera: Siricidae), Jessica Hartshorn

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The European woodwasp, Sirex noctilio F. (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) utilizes pine as its host during larval development. Females drill through pine bark to deposit eggs, a symbiotic fungus, Amylostereum, and phytotoxic mucus into the tree. In their native range, these insects are not viewed as primary pests because they attack dead or dying trees. Over the last century, this woodwasp has been accidentally introduced into several countries in the southern hemisphere. Some regions have incurred millions of dollars in damage to large plantations of the widely planted pine species, radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don). Sirex noctilio was discovered …

A Watershed Scale Evaluation Of Selected Second Generation Biofeedstocks On Water Quality, Gurdeep Singh

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study compares a novel simulation approach to the conventional Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) modeler's approach for targeting biofuel crop production on marginal lands. In conventional SWAT modeling approach, non-spatial definition of hydrological response units (HRUs) results in the simulation of biofuel crops on both marginal and non-marginal land. This study provides an alternative approach in which a marginal-land raster was integrated into the land use and land cover (LULC) raster in such a way that the land uses were divided into marginal and non-marginal components. This modified LULC was used for model setup which resulted in marginal …

Computational Design Of The Electrical And Mechanical Performance Of Steerable Mems Antennas, Morgan Andrew Roddy

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This thesis describes the origins, improvements, and variations of a broadband microwave antenna that can be beam-steered by a micro-electromechanical system (MEMS). The steerable MEMS antenna of this work was comprised of a planar antenna on top of a Silicon membrane. The membrane is etched to create a gimbal hinge structure and a platform which supported the antenna and gave it one or two degrees of freedom of rotation. The antennas presented were broadband and fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line which traversed the hinge structure. The antenna's orientation in space was designed to be changed through electrostatic …

Food And Agricultural Security Strategy And Its Implementation Under Public Health Security And Bioterrorism Preparedness And Response Act Of 2002, Vivek V. Nemane

Journal of Food Law & Policy

The U.S. agricultural system can be described as concentrated, specialized and industrialized. A typical food chain generally involves agricultural production, storage, processing and distribution. In the U.S. agricultural and food system, most production, distribution and processing is done in a consolidated and centralized manner.

Food Sovereignty In The United States: Supporting Local And Regional Food Systems, Allison Condra

Journal of Food Law & Policy

Today, perhaps more than ever, an increasing portion of U.S. society is paying attention to and asking questions about our food and agricultural system. We are recognizing the immense consequences of the agricultural "efficiencies" we valued and wrote into our policies in the seventies-for example, growing corn "fence row to fence row" and the ease of microwaved meals and prepackaged foods. 3 The increasingly global nature of our food system and its consequences are becoming more apparent. Food safety concerns-prompted by a growing number of foodborne illness outbreaks and the government's response in the 2009 Food Safety Modernization Act-loom large …

Expansion Of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells On Synthetic Substrate In Defined Medium, Huantong Yao

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have the potential to generate patient-specific cells to treat many incurable diseases by cell replacement therapy. However, so far the culture of hiPSCs depends greatly on feeder cells or Matrigel which has safety issues. Thus, chemically defined substrates that could provide niches necessary for cell attachment and proliferation are preferred for clinical application of hiPSCs. Recently, Corning Life Sciences has developed synthetic peptide-functionalized cell culture surface, referred to as Corning® Synthemax that support self-renewal and differentiation of human embryonic stem cell (hESC). In this work, we have collaborated with Corning to investigate the attachment, …

The Role Of Centromeric Chromatin And Kinetochore-Associated Factors In Chromosome Segregation, Wesley Williamson

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Previous work in our lab has identified a point mutation in HTA1, one of the genes encoding histone H2A, which causes an increase-in-ploidy phenotype in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This histone mutant strain was used to carry out a transposon insertion screen to identify suppressors of the increase-in-ploidy phenotype. This screen identified all three subunits of the Hda histone deacetylase complex, HDA1, HDA2, and HDA3. This study aims to elucidate the function of the Hda complex in chromosome segregation by exploring interactions among the members of the complex, as well as interactions between Hda complex and kinetochore components. …

Design Of A Pretreatment And Enzymatic Saccharification Scheme Of Understory From Managed Pine Forest For A Biochemical-Refinery Platform: The Example Of The Sweetgum Tree, Angele Djioleu

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The possibility of using sweetgum from southern pine dominated forests as a biobased refinery feedstock was investigated. First, a baseline hydrolysis scheme for sweetgum wood and bark was designed. Sweetgum wood and bark were pretreated with 0.98% (v/v) sulfuric acid at 140°C for 30, 40, 50, 60 or 70 min and at 160°C for 30, 40, 50 or 60 min. The water insoluble solid (WIS) fraction was hydrolyzed with a cellulase enzyme cocktail. Results showed that maximum xylose and glucose yields from the wood were 82 and 86%, respectively. Similarly, the respective maximum yields of xylose and glucose from the …

The Ozark Historical Review, V. 41, 2012 Entire_Issue

The Ozark Historical Review

No abstract provided.

The Biological Control Of Spotted Knapweed In The Southeastern United States, Carey R. Minteer

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Spotted knapweed is an invasive, short-term-perennial plant that is native to Eurasia. It was accidentally introduced into North America in the early 1890's and has since spread across The United States and Canada. Spotted knapweed degrades rangelands and pastures by negatively impacting native plants, increasing soil surface runoff and stream sediment yields, and reducing soil infiltration. A biological control program for spotted knapweed using Larinus minutus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), was initiated in Arkansas in 2008. In this dissertation I described the releases of L. minutus and investigated the adult activity in the southeastern United States (Chapter 1), investigated the effects of …