Digital Commons Network^™

Management Of Panonychus Ulmi With Various Miticides And Insecticides And Their Toxicity To Predatory Mites Conserved For Biological Mite Control In Eastern Us Apple Orchards, Neelendra K. Joshi, Ngoc T. Phan, David J. Biddinger

Entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Panonychus ulmi (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae), commonly known as European red mite, is a polyphagous pest of various tree and small fruit crops, including apples. A field study was conducted to evaluate different pesticide options available for the management of P. ulmi, and their impact on the population of non-target predatory mite species complex consisting of Neoseiulus fallacis, Typhlodromus pyri, and Zetzellia mali in apple orchards. Pesticides were applied using a commercial airblast sprayer at the 3–5 mite/leaf recommended economic Integrated Pest Management (IPM) threshold or prophylactically in the spring ignoring IPM practices such as monitoring, reliance on biological …

Technology And Care To Promote Students' Success, Adnan Alrubaye

TFSC Publications and Presentations

Join the Wally Cordes Teaching and Faculty Support Center for an informal conversation about teaching with the February Cordes Chairperson, Dr. Adnan Alrubaye. Alrubaye teaches courses in both the poultry science and biological sciences departments, and he serves as the associate director for the cell and molecular biology graduate program. He teaches multiple sections of the General Microbiology course, with courses sizes ranging between 30 and 400 students. Alrubaye’s topic will be about tools he uses to provide the best learning experiences for students to help them achieve their learning goals. His philosophy when it comes to working with students …

Application Of Eugenol In Poultry To Control Salmonella Colonization And Spread, Mohammed Aljuwayd, Israa Abdullah Malli, Young Min Kwon

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

The poultry sector is an essential component of agriculture that has experienced unprecedented growth during the last few decades. It is especially true for the United States, where the average intake of chicken meat increased from 10 pounds (4.5 kg) per person in 1940 to 65.2 pounds (29.6 kg) per person in 2018, while the country produced 113 billion eggs in 2019 alone. Besides providing nutrition and contributing significantly to the economy, chicken is also a natural reservoir of Salmonella, which is responsible for salmonellosis in humans, one of the significant foodborne illnesses around the globe. The increasing use of …

Revisiting Ethnic Differences In In-Person Learning During 2021-2022, Andrew Camp, Alison H. Johnson, Gema Zamarro

Education Reform Faculty and Graduate Students Publications

During the 2020-21 school year, Black and Hispanic students were less likely to attend school in-person than white students. Prior research indicated multiple factors helped explain this gap. In this study, we revise these observed racial gaps in in-person learning to examine whether the relationship between these gaps and explanatory factors observed earlier in the pandemic changed during the 2021-2022 school year. We find that, while in-person gaps decreased, Black respondents continued to be less likely to report in-person learning than white respondents. Political leanings and COVID-19 health risks, which helped explain observed gaps in 2020-2021, lose explanatory power. But …

System For Controlling The Concentration Of Single And Multiple Dissolved Gases In Beverages, Gregory S. Osborn

Patents Granted

A system and method of controlling a concentration of one or more gases dissolved in a beverage is shown. The system includes a saturation tank having a gas head space, a brite tank, and a beverage supply system to pass the beverage between the saturation tank and the brite tank. A beverage supersaturated with the gas from the head space is formed in the saturation tank. The supersaturated beverage is passed from the saturation tank to the brite tank. Once the amount of gas added to the beverage exceeds saturation, some of the gas escapes from solution from the beverage …

Riverine Commons And Institute Framework Plan, Community Design Center

Community Design Center Project Reports

The nonprofit Watershed Conservation Resource Center is restoring a 98-acre riparian wetland landscape near downtown Fayetteville as a River Commons and Institute. The Framework Plan combines watershed restoration with architecture and urban design to house a river education center, a visitor interpretive center, walking trails, passive recreation facilities including bird watching and canoeing, and outdoor heritage exhibitions. The Plan operates at the intersection of anthropology, ecology, and design in developing a lasting and robust riverine knowledge fund across space and time.

Cascading Effects Of Cover Crops On The Subsequent Cash Crop Defense Against The Polyphagous Herbivore Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera Frugiperda), Adegboyega Fajemisin, Alexis Racelis, Rupesh Kariyat

Entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Recent studies have started to show that the benefits of cover crops can cascade to the cash crop growing seasons. However, the impact of cover crops on the subsequent cash crop defense against herbivores is not well understood. To test this, we conducted a field and laboratory study to assess the possible cascading effects of cover crops such as Vigna unguiculata, Sorghum drummondii, Raphanus sativus, and Crotalaria juncea on the subsequent cash crop (Sorghum bicolor) defense against the notorious polyphagous herbivore fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) across three farms in the Lower Rio Grande Valley. Our field …

The Known And Unknowns Of Aphid Biotypes, And Their Role In Mediating Host Plant Defenses, Neetu Khanal, Christopher Vitek, Rupesh Kariyat

Entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Insect species are subjected to disparate selection pressure due to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Management practices including the heavy use of chemical insecticides and introduction of insect-resistant plant cultivars have been found to accelerate these processes. Clearly, natural selection coupled with human intervention have led to insect adaptations that alter phenotypes and genetic structure over time, producing distinct individuals with specialized traits, within the populations, commonly defined as biotypes. Biotypes are commonly found to have better fitness in the new environment and, in the case of aphids, the most commonly studied system for biotypes, have the ability to successfully …

Quantifying Wheat Blast Disease Induced Yield And Production Losses Of Wheat: A Quasi-Natural Experiment, Khondoker Abdul Mottaleb, David P. Hodson, Timothy J. Krupnik, Kai Sonder

Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Faculty Publications and Presentations

Applying the difference-in-difference (DID) estimation procedure, this study quantifies the wheat blast (Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum) induced losses in wheat yield, quantity of wheat sold, consumed, or stored, as well as wheat grain value in Bangladesh in 2016 following a disease outbreak that affected over 15,000 ha. Estimates show that the blast-induced yield loss was 540 kg ha⁻¹ on average for households in blast-affected districts. Estimated total wheat production loss was approximately 8,205 tons worth USD 2.1 million in during the 2016 outbreak. Based on these insights, we discuss the need for long-term assured investment and concerted research …

Assessment Of Efficacy And Mechanism Of Resistance To Soil-Applied Ppo Inhibitors In Amaranthus Palmeri, Gulab Rangani, Aimone Perri, Reiofeli A. Salas-Perez, Jens Lerchl, Srikanth Kumar Karaikal, Juan Camilo Velásquez, Nilda Roma-Burgos

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Resistance to protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitors in Palmer amaranth is a major concern, given the high selection pressure and increasing number of populations with reduced sensitivity to PPO herbicides in the US. We evaluated the effect of five soil-applied herbicides on Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.) populations collected in 2014 and 2015 in Arkansas, USA. Soil-applied saflufenacil, sulfentrazone, and flumioxazin reduced the seedling emergence 91–100%; however, fomesafen and oxyfluorfen showed reduced (63–90%) efficacy on some populations. Target-site mutation (TSM) is the major mechanism of resistance to PPO herbicides; therefore, six populations showing resistance to soil-applied fomesafen were selected for …

A Molecular Signature Defining Exercise Adaptation With Ageing And In Vivo Partial Reprogramming In Skeletal Muscle, Ronald G. Jones Iii, Andrea Dimet-Wiley, Amin Haghani, Francielly Morena Da Silva, Camille R. Brightwell, Seongkyun Lim, Sabin Khadgi, Yuan Wen, Corey M. Dungan, Robert T. Brooke, Nicholas P. Greene, Charlotte A. Peterson, John J. Mccarthy, Steve Horvath, Stanley J. Watowich, Christopher S. Fry, Kevin A. Murach

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Faculty Publications and Presentations

Exercise promotes functional improvements in aged tissues, but the extent to which it simulates partial molecular reprogramming is unknown. Using transcriptome profiling from (1) a skeletal muscle-specific in vivo Oct3/4, Klf4, Sox2 and Myc (OKSM) reprogramming-factor expression murine model; (2) an in vivo inducible muscle-specific Myc induction murine model; (3) a translatable high-volume hypertrophic exercise training approach in aged mice; and (4) human exercise muscle biopsies, we collectively defined exercise-induced genes that are common to partial reprogramming. Late-life exercise training lowered murine DNA methylation age according to several contemporary muscle-specific clocks. A comparison of the murine soleus transcriptome …

Methods And Systems For Enhancing Feed-Conversion-Ratio In Animals Using Mobile Enzyme Sequestration Platforms (Msep), Ruben M. Ceballos

Patents Granted

A method for enhancing the enzymatic efficiency of an enzyme added to poultry feed for a living subject, comprises adding a cellulose-degrading enzyme to a mobile enzyme sequestration platform (MESP) so as to form an enzyme-MESP complex; adding the enzyme-MESP complex to poultry feed for a living subject; the enzyme efficiency of the cellulose-degrading enzyme of the enzyme-MESP complex after being exposed to a first adverse environment for a first period of time is at least 50% higher than the enzyme efficacy of the cellulose-degrading enzyme independent of the MESP being exposed to the first adverse environment for the first …

Undergraduate Catalog Of Studies, 2022-2023, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville

Undergraduate Catalog of Studies

No abstract provided.

Arkansas Razorback Men's Golf Record Book, 2022-2023, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Athletics Media Relations

Arkansas Men's Golf

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Fast And Slow Wilting Soybean Genotypes On Two Herbivores That Differ In Their Feeding Habits (2023), Jessica Ayala

Three-Minute Thesis Research Posters

Effects of fast and slow wilting soybean genotypes on two herbivores that differ in their feeding habits

The 3MT (Three Minute Thesis) is a research communication competition that challenges students to communicate the significance of their projects without the use of props or industry jargon in just three minutes. The winner of the 3MT competition moves on to the Council of Southern Graduate School’s Regional Conference in March 2024.

Faculty Handbook, 2022-2023, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville

Faculty Handbook

No abstract provided.

Academy Presidents And Institutional Members, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Graduate Catalog Of Studies, 2022-2023, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville

Graduate School Catalog of Studies

No abstract provided.

Annual Financial Report, 2022-2023, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville

Annual Financial Report

No abstract provided.

Annual Report Of The Wally Cordes Teaching And Faculty Support Center For The Year Ended...2023, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Wally Cordes Teaching And Faculty Support Center

Wally Cordes Teaching and Faculty Support Center Annual Report

No abstract provided.

Purification Of Anginex: An Inhibitor Of Tumor Metastasis Using Rdrd Tag, Suraj Kolluru

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

Anginex is a cytokine-like β-sheet forming peptide of 33 amino acids with potent anti-angiogenic activity.Anginex is essential in inhibiting abnormal processes caused by angiogenesis, such as tumor growth and blood vessel formation. However, Anginex has limitations, including poor stability, short half-life, complicated synthesis, and low purity. Rubredoxin dimer (RdRd) is used as a protein tag to improve stability and detection of Anginex during purification for the first time. A plasmid was designed to contain the RdRd-Anginex fusion protein. RdRd-Anginex plasmid was transformed and expressed in E. coli BL21star cells. The results show RdRd-Anginex has been purified using a Nickel Sepharose …

Helminth Parasites Of Northern Cottonmouth, Agkistrodon Piscivorus (Ophidia: Viperidae), From Arkansas, C.T. Mcallister, C.R. Bursey, H.W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Northern cottonmouth, Agkistrodon piscivorus is a large, semiaquatic viperid snake found statewide in Arkansas. Although a great deal has been published on helminth parasites of A. piscivorus from other parts of its range, little (outside of its cestodes) is known about those other helminths occurring in cottonmouths of the state. In our survey, we examined seven adult A. piscivorus from Polk County and a single specimen from Calhoun County. Several helminth parasites were found, including three trematodes, Styphlodora magna, Renifer ellipticus, and Paralechriorchis syntomentera, two nematodes, an unknown larval ascarid and Physaloptera abjecta, an oligacanthorhynchid acanthocephalan cystacanth, and a …

Inquiry: The Unversity Of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal - Volume 22 Issue 2 - Fall 2023, Inquiry Editors

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

No abstract provided.

High Order Structures Formed By The Natural Aromatic Amino Acids, Gabriel Alexander Kupovics, Zeina Alraawi

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

Excessive concentrations of the natural aromatic amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine are characteristic of the severe genetic abnormalities known as phenylketonuria (PKU) and tyrosinemia, respectively. Within this context, this feature article authenticates claims that tryptophan can form amyloid-like supramolecular structures in vitro and is the first to propose potential mechanisms of tryptophan self-assembly, including hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions. Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence kinetics and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) data suggest the formation of amyloid-like fibrillar structures by natural aromatic amino acids in vitro. Additionally, the propensity of amino acid aggregation increases in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The …

Budget For The Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 2023, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville

Budget for the Fiscal Year

No abstract provided.

Annual Report, 2022-2023, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. College Of Engineering

College of Engineering Annual Report

No abstract provided.

Determination Of Fatty Acid Concentrations In Various Strains Of Freshwater Green Picoplankton Algae (Class Eustigmatophyceae), P. Ashcraft, R. Jacks, B. Martinez, J. Rodriguez, A.B. Burns, A. Gurnsey, L. Taylor, A. Teague, J. Totty, V.L. Fox, A. Williams

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Algae are of scientific and commercial interest due to their ease of culture and high fatty acid content. The extracted fatty acids from these phytoplankton may potentially be used as an additional test for phylogenetic classification of new algal strains (Tonon et al. 2002), as well as in a supplement for human consumption and producing next-generation biofuels. Of interest is the fatty acid content contained within various algal isolates within the class Eustigmatophyceae. Algal strains were collected and isolated from locations in Lake Chicot in Arkansas, Tower Pond and Lake Itasca at Itasca State Park in Minnesota, and Thayer Lake …

Journal Of The Arkansas Academy Of Science Volume 77, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Determining Mating Type And Species Of A Natural Isolate Of Dictyostelium Using Molecular Techniques And Sexual Crosses, S.N. Baviskar, C. Catron, H. Jenkins, M. Smith

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Cellular slime molds, Dictyostelium, are bactivorous, soil-dwelling amoebae. When food is available, cells reproduce asexually by binary fission. Under certain environmental conditions, such as darkness and humidity, Dictyostelium reproduces sexually. The sexual cycle is uniquely social and has unusual features. First, sexual reproduction in most eukaryotes usually involves fusion of two gametes. But, in Dictyostelium, triparental inheritance is observed (Bloomfield et al. 2019), in which gamete fusion involves more than two gametes. Second, most eukaryotic species have two sexes or mating types, but Dictyostelium species are known to have more than two mating types. Even though Dictyostelium species show variations …

Noteworthy Parasites (Trematoda, Cestoda, Phthiraptera) Of Three Birds (Aves: Passeriformes; Pelecaniformes; Piciformes) From Arkansas, C.T. Mcallister, H.W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Between November 2020 and March 2021, three species of birds, one each of a tufted titmouse (Baeolophus bicolor), pileated woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus), and great blue heron (Ardea herodias) were salvaged from Lawrence and Polk counties, Arkansas, and examined for parasites. Found were four taxa of parasites, including a dicrocoeliid trematode, a cyclophyllidean cestode, and species of philopterid and menoponid lice. We document new host and distributional records for these parasites from select birds of the state.