Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

University of Arkansas, Fayetteville

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type

Articles 3271 - 3300 of 5626

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Characterization Of Cellulase Enzyme Inhibitors Formed During The Chemical Pretreatments Of Rice Straw, Kalavathy Rajan May 2015

Characterization Of Cellulase Enzyme Inhibitors Formed During The Chemical Pretreatments Of Rice Straw, Kalavathy Rajan

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Production of fuels and chemicals from a renewable and inexpensive resource such as lignocellulosic biomass is a lucrative and sustainable option for the advanced biofuel and bio-based chemical platform. Agricultural residues constitute the bulk of potential feedstock available for cellulosic fuel production. On a global scale, rice straw is the largest source of agricultural residues and is therefore an ideal crop model for biomass deconstruction studies. Lignocellulosic biofuel production involves the processes of biomass conditioning, enzymatic saccharification, microbial fermentation and ethanol distillation, and one of the major factors affecting its techno-economic feasibility is the biomass recalcitrance to enzymatic saccharification. Preconditioning …

Go to article

Functional Significance Of Gill Claudin Proteins In Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Osmoregulation, Joanna Katarzyna Bujak May 2015

Functional Significance Of Gill Claudin Proteins In Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Osmoregulation, Joanna Katarzyna Bujak

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Claudin proteins, a key element of tight junction complexes, are known to control paracellular permeability. In euryhaline fish, changes in claudin abundance and localization are critical during salinity acclimation. In seawater, a leaky paracellular pathway that facilitates sodium extrusion is hypothesized to be controlled by claudin proteins. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of Claudin-10c, -10d -10e and Claudin-30 in gill function in freshwater (FW) and seawater (SW) rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). I examined mRNA and protein abundance along with cellular localization. A tissue distribution survey showed that all of the claudins studied were predominantly expressed …

Go to article

Mapping Ancient Baldcypress Forests For Conservation At Black River, North Carolina, Jordan Nichole Burns May 2015

Mapping Ancient Baldcypress Forests For Conservation At Black River, North Carolina, Jordan Nichole Burns

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

A few ancient baldcypress-bottomland hardwood forests survive across the southeastern United States in a mosaic of remnant old-growth stands left untouched by extensive logging during the early 20th century. Uncut stands in the Southeast that survived centuries of disturbance following European settlement tended to be too senescent and non-commercial to justify logging. Remnant ancient baldcypress forests at Black River, North Carolina, appear to contain the oldest living trees in eastern North America and The Nature Conservancy has protected several of these stands. However, the full extent of ancient bottomland forests along Black River is not known and many valuable tracts …

Go to article

Application Of Essential Oil Compounds And Bacteriophage To Control Staphylococcus Aureus, Anisha Ghosh May 2015

Application Of Essential Oil Compounds And Bacteriophage To Control Staphylococcus Aureus, Anisha Ghosh

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important pathogens, causing various diseases in humans and animals. In addition, S. aureus is a common foodborne pathogen. As methicillin- resistant S. aureus (MRSA) becomes increasingly prevalent, controlling this pathogen in animals and humans with standard antibiotic treatment has become challenging. Combinations of different antimicrobial agents represent one of the most promising approaches for combating multidrug - resistant bacteria both for treatment of clinical disease as well as in food. Two such antimicrobials with potential application in the food industry include essential oils (EO) and host-specific bacteriophage (phage). The objectives of this study …

Go to article

The Sorcerer, William Carlisle Goehring May 2015

The Sorcerer, William Carlisle Goehring

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

A collection of poems from 2011-2015.

Go to article

America's War In Angola, 1961-1976, Alexander Joseph Marino May 2015

America's War In Angola, 1961-1976, Alexander Joseph Marino

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

A study of the role played by the United States in Angola's War of Independence and the Angolan Civil War up to 1976.

Go to article

Assessing Vocabulary Of Children: Investigating The Evaluation And Instruction Of Basic Concepts, Rebecca Elizabeth Smith May 2015

Assessing Vocabulary Of Children: Investigating The Evaluation And Instruction Of Basic Concepts, Rebecca Elizabeth Smith

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Vocabulary knowledge of preschool children is a key factor in predicting literacy success in elementary school (Hammer, Farkas, & Maczuga, 2010). However, few deliberate attempts to teach basic concept vocabulary have been studied (Bowers & Schwarz, 2013; Wilson, 2004). The purpose of this research is to determine if large group explicit instruction with interactive activities of specific basic concept vocabulary will increase preschool children's understanding of basic concept terms when measured by a standardized basic concept assessment. This research will also assess the validity of a basic concept-curriculum based measure (BC-CBM) as an efficient tool to monitor a child's understanding …

Go to article

Prevalence Of Neurocognitive Test Failure Following Exertion In Athletes Recovering From Concussion, Caitlin Laura Zaring May 2015

Prevalence Of Neurocognitive Test Failure Following Exertion In Athletes Recovering From Concussion, Caitlin Laura Zaring

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

The current return-to-play (RTP) protocol in place for an athlete recovering from a concussion is based on the subjective measure of self-report rather than more objective tools such as computerized neurocognitive testing. Because of this, it is possible that athletes downplay or lie about symptoms they are experiencing in order to expedite the RTP process. The purpose of the current study was to examine the frequency of post-exertional neurocognitive test failure in a sample of high school athletes recovering from concussion that underwent a standardized exertional RTP protocol. This research project used a de-identified medical records review of neurocognitive data …

Go to article

Development Of An In Vitro Myogenesis Assay, Anna Arnaud May 2015

Development Of An In Vitro Myogenesis Assay, Anna Arnaud

Biomedical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

The objective of this study was to explore the interaction between mouse C2C12 cells and the extracellular matrix, particularly the process of myoblasts converting to myocytes. This study aimed to create a myogenesis assay that presents a process to effectively monitor the development of mouse C2C12 myoblasts into differentiated skeletal myotubes through detection of the protein MyoD. Myogenesis, the development of muscle tissue, occurs when muscle progenitor cells, myoblasts, fuse to form multinucleated myotubes, followed by cell fusion and resulting in a myofiber capable of contraction. An in vitro myogenesis assay would enable further research to efficiently test the effect …

Go to article

Intracellular Uptake Of Chitosan Nanoparticle-Based Vaccines, Katherine E. Wilson May 2015

Intracellular Uptake Of Chitosan Nanoparticle-Based Vaccines, Katherine E. Wilson

Biomedical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

Particle-based delivery systems are a promising approach to enhance antigen-specific immunity for use in vaccines. Chitosan, a natural polysaccharide derived from the exoskeletons of crustaceans, shows great potential as a vaccine carrier due to its favorable properties as a biomaterial, including biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this study, the intracellular uptake of chitosan nanoparticles is explored and compared to that of other commonly used particle-based delivery vehicles, such as poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). Fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled bovine serum albumin (FITC-BSA) was used as a model protein antigen and encapsulated in both chitosan particles via precipitation-coacervation and PLGA particles via double emulsion solvent …

Go to article

Hormonal Effects On Expression Of Osmoregulatory Genes In The Gill Of Japanese Medaka (Oryzias Latipes), Peter Justin Reed May 2015

Hormonal Effects On Expression Of Osmoregulatory Genes In The Gill Of Japanese Medaka (Oryzias Latipes), Peter Justin Reed

Biological Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses

Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) are euryhaline teleost and evolved divergently from the well-studied model organism zebrafish (Danio rerio). Claudins (cldns) are tight junction proteins known to regulate the permeability of the paracellular space, but little is known about the influence of the endocrine system on their regulation. In this study, in vitro gill culture model was used to test the effect of three osmoregulatory hormones (cortisol, growth hormone, and prolactin) on eight cldns previously identified in the gills of medaka. The stress hormone cortisol generally up-regulated the genes studied from 1.2- to 5-fold at the exceptions of cldn-28a and -28b. …

Go to article

Keeping The Farm And Farmer In Food Policy And Law, Neil D. Hamilton May 2015

Keeping The Farm And Farmer In Food Policy And Law, Neil D. Hamilton

Journal of Food Law & Policy

Thank you for the opportunity to be with you, it is always a pleasure to return to the University of Arkansas Law School where I began my teaching career in the fall of 1981. We are pleased Drake University Law School and the University of Arkansas College of Law have built and maintained a partnership on teaching and research that stretches back over three decades. I am especially pleased to be with you as we celebrate the 10th Anniversary of the Journal of Food Law and Policy, another part of the University's pioneering work in the area of food policy …

Go to article

The Relationship Between Muscular Strength And Cognition In Older Adults, Ashton R. Pohlman May 2015

The Relationship Between Muscular Strength And Cognition In Older Adults, Ashton R. Pohlman

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

Little is known about the correlation between resistance training, muscular strength, and cognition. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between muscular strength and cognition in older adults. Data were collected for this cross sectional study at Butterfield Trail Village, a retirement community in Northwest Arkansas. Thirty participants, at least 65 years of age, without severe mental impairment were evaluated. Of the 30 participants, 23 females were included in the data analysis. The Stroop Color Test, Trail Making Test, and Dual Task Walking Test difference were used to measure executive cognition. Handgrip dynamometry was used as a measure of strength …

Go to article

Polly Pocket & Ninja Turtles: A Content Analysis Of Gender Stereotypes In Children's Advertisements, Michele Bailey Deloney May 2015

Polly Pocket & Ninja Turtles: A Content Analysis Of Gender Stereotypes In Children's Advertisements, Michele Bailey Deloney

Journalism Undergraduate Honors Theses

This content analysis examined the use of gender stereotypes, in the forms of product association and various traditional behaviors expected of a particular gender, in children’s advertisements aired on Nickelodeon network. Results of the study revealed that although children’s commercials appear to be breaking away from some long-standing gender stereotypes, such as boys being the dominant gender in athleticism, many of the same gender stereotypes that researchers have been investigating for decades remain prevalent today. Results indicate that commercials on Nickelodeon network favor boy characters in overall time on-screen. Girls-only commercials made up the lowest percent of commercials in the …

Go to article

The Role Of Women In Film: Supporting The Men -- An Analysis Of How Culture Influences The Changing Discourse On Gender Representations In Film, Jocelyn Nichole Murphy May 2015

The Role Of Women In Film: Supporting The Men -- An Analysis Of How Culture Influences The Changing Discourse On Gender Representations In Film, Jocelyn Nichole Murphy

Journalism Undergraduate Honors Theses

Women are underrepresented in film. Racial minorities are underrepresented in film. White men are vastly overrepresented in film. How do these facts affect audiences that are so demographically different from what is portrayed onscreen? This study serves to examine how character representations in film relate to the demographics of the audience viewing them, and how these portrayals have changed over a 20-year span. Considering the depictions of women in the context of social gender movements of the last two decades will provide a deeper understanding of the attitudes toward female characters, as well as factors that shape the themes and …

Go to article

Expression Of Ha1 Fragment Of H1n1 Swine Influenza Viral Protein, Hemagglutinin, On The Surface Of Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Using Pyd5 Shuttle Vector, Ismael Mojica May 2015

Expression Of Ha1 Fragment Of H1n1 Swine Influenza Viral Protein, Hemagglutinin, On The Surface Of Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Using Pyd5 Shuttle Vector, Ismael Mojica

Biological and Agricultural Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

Influenza viruses are enveloped viruses with segmented RNA genome surrounded by a helical symmetry shell. Due to genetic reassortment between avian, swine, and human influenza viruses, a global pandemic may emerge, calling for new methods of mass vaccine production. Yeast is an ideal organism to express viral antigens (e.g. hemagglutinin) because of its natural adjuvant activity, making the expressed proteins more immunogenic when administered to the human body [1,2]. In addition to the purpose of vaccination, yeast is economically convenient by expressing proteins in a fast, inexpensive manner [3,4]. In this study, the goal is to express the HA1 fragment …

Go to article

The Study Of The Formation Of Oligomers And Amyloid Plaques From Amylin By Capillary Electrophoresis And Fluorescent Microchip Electrophoresis, Shane Weindel May 2015

The Study Of The Formation Of Oligomers And Amyloid Plaques From Amylin By Capillary Electrophoresis And Fluorescent Microchip Electrophoresis, Shane Weindel

Biological and Agricultural Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

Amylin, a pancreatic β-cell hormone, was the focus of this research project. This hormone is co-localized and co-secreted with insulin in response to nutrient stimuli. The hormone inhibits food intake, gastric emptying and glucagon secretion. Insulin and amylin appear to complement each other in the control of plasma glucose levels. Human amylin has a propensity to self-aggregate and to form insoluble bodies. In type 2 diabetes, amylin forms pancreatic islet amyloid plaques, which are found in 90% of people with the disease. It is still uncertain whether or not the deposition of amylin is a primary, or a secondary, event …

Go to article

Antimicrobial Effects Of Pine Essential Oil Against Listeria Monocytogenes, Elizabeth Louise Marhefka May 2015

Antimicrobial Effects Of Pine Essential Oil Against Listeria Monocytogenes, Elizabeth Louise Marhefka

Biological and Agricultural Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

Short leaf and loblolly pine were harvested in May 2014 and June 2014, respectively, at the University of Arkansas Monticello in Monticello, Arkansas. Short leaf and loblolly essential oils were prepared by hydrodistillation, using a Clevenger apparatus. Essential oils were extracted at separate times and showed different concentrations of the components α-pinene, β- pinene, 3-carene, limonene, and terpineol. Pine essential oil samples were tested through disc diffusion assay for antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes. This was done by placing ten μL of each essential oil sample on a paper disc on an agar plate that was inoculated with L. monocytogenes …

Go to article

Comparison Of Microwear On Rodent Molars From Differing Species And A Wide Range Of Environments, Mikko Joiner May 2015

Comparison Of Microwear On Rodent Molars From Differing Species And A Wide Range Of Environments, Mikko Joiner

Anthropology Undergraduate Honors Theses

Dental microwear analysis is a very useful tool when trying to infer the diet of a particular organism. By studying the use-wear scars left on the enamel of the tooth due to eaten objects, one can infer the diet of the organism because certain types of food leave certain types of scars. For example, the consumption of tree parts produces pits, while the consumption of grasses produces striated scratches (Ungar et al., 2007). Thus, based on the type of microwear, the diet of the organism in question can be deduced, which indicates the type of environment that it lives in. …

Go to article

The Beginnings Of The Journal Of Food Law & Policy, Michael T. Roberts May 2015

The Beginnings Of The Journal Of Food Law & Policy, Michael T. Roberts

Journal of Food Law & Policy

In the first sentence of the introduction to the inaugural edition of the Journal for Food Law & Policy, Margie Alsbrook, the founding Editor-in-Chief, and I, the founding faculty advisor, stated: "It is with great pride and pleasure that we present the inaugural issue of the Journal for Food Law & Policy." In celebration of the Journal's tenth anniversary, I am inclined to echo the same sentiment, but with the added proviso: "surprised!" I confess being gravely concerned ten years ago over the Journal's survivability. Food law and policy was then barely in its formative stage. The nascent, social food …

Go to article

Predicting The Future: Our Food System In 2025, Susan A. Schneider May 2015

Predicting The Future: Our Food System In 2025, Susan A. Schneider

Journal of Food Law & Policy

It has been inspiring participate in the development of food law and policy as a recognized discipline. Over the last ten years, the Journal of Food Law & Policy and the LL.M. Program in Agricultural & Food Law have each played a significant role in that development. And, the landscape continues to evolve. The impact of changing attitudes toward our food system, environmental challenges, public health concerns and other integrated influences are certain to cause a continued evolution in our food system and the legal system that frames it. My task with this essay is to consider our food system …

Go to article

Putting A Gag On Farm Whistleblowers: The Right To Lie And The Right To Remain Silent Confront State Agricultural Protectionism, Rita-Marie Cain Reid, Amber L. Kingery May 2015

Putting A Gag On Farm Whistleblowers: The Right To Lie And The Right To Remain Silent Confront State Agricultural Protectionism, Rita-Marie Cain Reid, Amber L. Kingery

Journal of Food Law & Policy

Whistleblowers play an important role in filling gaps in government food safety systems. Unfortunately, several dominant food-producing states have pursued legislative initiatives that punish farm whistleblowers and silence investigative tactics. First, this research describes various state legislative initiatives that curb criticism of agriculture. The work analyzes the federal food safety system and how these protections limiting agricultural criticism contravene that food safety net. Further, the research analyzes the free speech concerns in the newest protectionist laws. The analysis recommends strategies and future research to improve agriculture safety and protect free speech in an evolving food safety landscape.

Go to article

Tribal Food Sovereignty In The American Southwest, Julia Guarino May 2015

Tribal Food Sovereignty In The American Southwest, Julia Guarino

Journal of Food Law & Policy

Food is an issue that implicates tribal sovereignty for historical, cultural, and public health reasons. This article undertakes a policy analysis of the importance of food to tribal sovereignty, and suggests that tribes, many of which have begun to do so already, make robust use of the concept of "food sovereignty" as part of their overarching project of protecting and promoting tribal sovereignty in general. This article sets the stage for understanding the importance of food sovereignty to tribes by exploring the history of food and culture in the American Southwest, where the public health consequences of changes in diet …

Go to article

Setting The Table For Feast Or Famine: How Education Will Play A Deciding Role In The Future Of Precision Agriculture, Lauren Manning May 2015

Setting The Table For Feast Or Famine: How Education Will Play A Deciding Role In The Future Of Precision Agriculture, Lauren Manning

Journal of Food Law & Policy

Precision agriculture has many names including satellite farming, or site-specific crop management. Early forms of precision agriculture involved creating fertilizer maps, yield measurements, grid sampling, and soil pH content monitoring. Roughly 25 years ago, the advent of global positioning systems, commonly known as GPS, enabled farmers to make more informed decisions about where to plant seed and how much seed to plant. Precision agriculture technologies typically utilize sensors that are placed on tractors, combines, and other farm equipment, and which measure various conditions including seeding rates, soil conditions, and other indicators of production. Over time, this technology has been expanded …

Go to article

From The Lab To The Supermarket: In Vitro Meat As A Viable Alternative To Traditional Meat Production, Trae Norton May 2015

From The Lab To The Supermarket: In Vitro Meat As A Viable Alternative To Traditional Meat Production, Trae Norton

Journal of Food Law & Policy

In 1932, Winston Churchill predicted that 50 years in the future "we shall escape the absurdity of growing a whole chicken in order to eat the breast or wing by growing these parts separately under a suitable medium." Although Churchill's prediction is about 30 years off, in August of 2013, the first ever meat patty grown in vitro was consumed in London, England. With this historic scientific achievement, many are predicting that in vitro meat will be a viable solution to the problems associated with industrial meat production, such as animal cruelty, inefficient natural resource consumption, and pollution. Analysts predict …

Go to article

Journal Of Food Law & Policy - Spring 2015, Journal Editors May 2015

Journal Of Food Law & Policy - Spring 2015, Journal Editors

Journal of Food Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

Go to article

A Phylogenetic Analysis Of Dictyostelium Purpureum Based On Nuclear Rdna Sequences, Mahmoud Suliman May 2015

A Phylogenetic Analysis Of Dictyostelium Purpureum Based On Nuclear Rdna Sequences, Mahmoud Suliman

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Dictyostelids (cellular slime molds) are eukaryotic microorganisms that have both unicellular and multicellular stages during their life cycle. In this study, a molecular phylogenetic analysis was conducted for isolates of one species (Dictyostelium purpureum) based DNA sequences of the ITS, 5.8S and SSU regions of nuclear rDNA. Moreover, a detailed morphological study was carried out using images obtained with both dissecting and compound microscopes. Mating experiments were carried out to assess macrocysts formation between each pair of isolates. The constructed molecular phylogenetic trees indicate that (1) D. purpureum isolates are more closely related to each other than to other species …

Go to article

Provincial Pestilence: Marseilles, Provence, And The Last Outbreak Of Plague In Western Europe, Katherine London Lundstrum May 2015

Provincial Pestilence: Marseilles, Provence, And The Last Outbreak Of Plague In Western Europe, Katherine London Lundstrum

History Undergraduate Honors Theses

A look at local, national and international responses to the last outbreak of plague in Western Europe, which took place in Marseilles and the Provence region of France in the years 1720-1722.

Go to article

The Paleoepidemiology Of Malaria In The Ancient Near East, Nicole Elizabeth Smith May 2015

The Paleoepidemiology Of Malaria In The Ancient Near East, Nicole Elizabeth Smith

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The end of the Late Bronze Age in the Near East (1300 - 1200 BCE) saw the widespread collapse of several large cultural centers, the reasons for which are a subject of continued debate. Evidence from events leading up to this cultural collapse suggest epidemic disease may have factored into the eventual downfall of these early civilizations. Recent DNA analysis from Egyptian mummies who lived during the period leading up to the Late Bronze Age collapse identified malaria in several elite individuals, suggesting the widespread prevalence of this infectious disease in Egypt. However, the exact prevalence, antiquity, and dynamics of …

Go to article

Hypohydration And Glucose Regulation In Adult Males With Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus, Weldon Murry May 2015

Hypohydration And Glucose Regulation In Adult Males With Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus, Weldon Murry

Biological Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses

Daily total water intake (TWI) has been linked to a number of chronic diseases, such as urolithiasis and chronic kidney disease. Additionally, epidemiological and animal model data have tied low TWI to impaired blood glucose regulation. However, the effect of a fluid intake intervention on blood glucose regulation has not yet been observed in humans. PURPOSE: Thus, the purpose of the current investigation is to determine if the response to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is altered by manipulation of hydration status in people with diabetes. METHODS: Nine men (53±9 y, 94.9± 23.8 kg, 1.75± 0.11 m, 30.0± 4.3 …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last