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Bio-electric signals convey information and phenomenon of the physiological activities of organisms, such as gene, protein sequences, neural, and cardiac rhythms. Various types of bio-electrical signals are extensively used for diagnostics as well as therapeutic interventions. Bio-electrical signals are low-amplitude, low-frequency and numerous unique properties (spiking, small oscillation, local field potential interference). The original signal's amplitude is so small that directly lower the output resolution of the analog to digital converter (ADC). Furthermore, the detected signals are corrupted with, local field potential, white noise, system noise, and other interference, so the relevant information could be easily missed during the digitization. …

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Norepinephrine Circuits In Mediating Stress-Elicited Behavior, Hyungwoo Nam

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Norepinephrine in the central nervous system (CNS) is a key mediator of stress-elicited behavioral and physiological adaptations. However, our understanding of central noradrenergic circuitry that regulates specific stress-elicited adaptations is incomplete. The working model for the studies described in this dissertation is that disruptions of specific noradrenergic circuits are responsible for the manifestation of distinct stress-elicited behaviors. Initially the organization of descending noradrenergic neurons with poly-synaptic collaterals to the adrenal gland and skeletal muscle was defined. These noradrenergic presympathetic-premotor neurons (PSPMNs) were distributed within the ventral locus coeruleus (LC), nucleus subcoeruleus (SubC), and the A7 cell group. Then behavioral characterization …

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Kinect Movements For Navigating A Virtual Exercise Environment By People With Mobility Impairments, Sean Pool

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People with physical disabilities exhibit decreased physical activity compared to able-bodied individuals. While physical activity plays an integral role in the health of any individual, people with disabilities have difficulty attaining the quality and quantity of recommended exercise. A recent technique for encouraging physical activity in able-bodied individuals is to combine exercise equipment with a virtual exercise environment; as the user exercises, a video screen portrays the user moving through a virtual recreation of a real-world location. However, little has been done to adapt this technology, specifically the interface between user and environment, for people with mobility impairments. This project …

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Heat Induced Momentum Flux In Brownian Motors And The Adiabatic Piston, Nathan Ryan Ridling

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When a mesoscopic object (Brownian object) is inserted into a fluid, it is subject to frequent collisions with fluid molecules (environment). Through these collisions, energy is exchanged between the environment and the Brownian object. When the Brownian particle and its environment are in thermal equilibrium, the net energy exchange will be zero due to the detailed balance and fluctuation-dissipation theorem, and the Brownian object will diffuse without net drift. However, when the environment is in non-equilibrium, the detailed balance no longer holds and the Brownian object can undergo drift. The mechanism responsible for its drift is not well understood. In …

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Changes In Gene Expression During Nitrogen Starvation Are Mediated By Targeted Degradation Of Translation And Mrna Decay Factors In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Shane Patrick Kelly

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Autophagy is the cellular mechanism of recruitment and decay of cytoplasmic molecules, proteins, and organelles that are obsolete for a particular growth condition. Autophagic degradation is distinct from proteasomal degradation by the formation of a de-novo double membrane which engulfs its cargo to be delivered for degradation to the yeast vacuole. Once thought to be only a general phenomenon of bulk decay, several autophagic pathways have demonstrated selectivity. In the following work we show that during nitrogen starvation (a potent inducer of autophagy) in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a subset of translation factors are degraded selectively and rapidly. We go …

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The Comparison Of 3-Dimensional Soft-Tissue Of Adult Korean, Chinese, And Houstonian Caucasian Patients With Class I Malocclusion, Jamie Youngshin Kim

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The purpose of this study is to compare the computer generated facial averages of Korean adults with Chinese and Houstonian Caucasian faces using a three-dimensional surface imaging system. Materials and Methods: Three-dimensional images of Korean adults (Seoul, Korea) with Class I malocclusion were captured using the 3dMDTMface, which combines structured light and stereo-photogrammetry techniques. The images of 138 Koreans were processed to generate average male and female facial shells using Rapidform 2006 Plus Pack 2 software. The average Korean facial shells were superimposed and compared to the average shells of Chinese adults (Xi’an, China) and Caucasian adults (Houston, Texas) from …

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Anteroposterior (Ap) Relationship Of The Maxillary Central Incisors To The Forehead In Adult African American Females, Matthew Philip Gidaly

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Objective: Determine the optimal anteroposterior (AP) relationship of the maxillary central incisors to the forehead in adult African American females (AAF). Materials and Methods: Smile profile photographs of 48 AAF with optimal AP incisor positions (control); 49 seeking/wanting orthodontic treatment (Group 1), and 53 not seeking/wanting treatment (Group 2) were acquired. All images were scaled to life-size and printed. The AP position of the maxillary central incisors and forehead inclination were measured relative to reference lines. Results: The mean AP position of the maxillary central incisors relative to Glabella Vertical (GV) for the controls was 8.58 ± 3.96 mm ahead …

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The Accuracy Of A Clinician's Assessment Of Insertion Torque At Implant Placement, Britany Fabian Matin

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Background: Primary implant stability contributes to the success of dental implant placement and affects long-term function. Factors that contribute to the primary stability and osseointegration of a dental implant include the quality and quantity of bone present at the site of placement as well as the shape and surface treatment of the implants. There are numerous methods that assist the clinician in determining implant stability during placement and to confirm osseointegration after a period of healing. Their reliability to predict implant success, however, has not been proven. Torque measurements acquired during implant placement have been used as a method for …

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All ETDs from UAB

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All ETDs from UAB

Heat Induced Momentum Flux In Brownian Motors And The Adiabatic Piston, Nathan Ryan Ridling

All ETDs from UAB

Changes In Gene Expression During Nitrogen Starvation Are Mediated By Targeted Degradation Of Translation And Mrna Decay Factors In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Shane Patrick Kelly

All ETDs from UAB

The Comparison Of 3-Dimensional Soft-Tissue Of Adult Korean, Chinese, And Houstonian Caucasian Patients With Class I Malocclusion, Jamie Youngshin Kim

All ETDs from UAB

Anteroposterior (Ap) Relationship Of The Maxillary Central Incisors To The Forehead In Adult African American Females, Matthew Philip Gidaly

All ETDs from UAB

The Accuracy Of A Clinician's Assessment Of Insertion Torque At Implant Placement, Britany Fabian Matin

All ETDs from UAB