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Distinguishing Acts Of War In Cyberspace: Assessment Criteria, Policy Considerations, And Response Implications, Jeffrey L. Caton Mr. Oct 2014

Distinguishing Acts Of War In Cyberspace: Assessment Criteria, Policy Considerations, And Response Implications, Jeffrey L. Caton Mr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

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Determining an act of war in the traditional domains of land, sea, and air often involves sophisticated interactions of many factors that may be outside the control of the parties involved. This monograph seeks to provide senior policymakers, decisionmakers, military leaders, and their respective staffs with essential background on this topic as well as introduce an analytical framework for them to utilize according to their needs. It develops this theme in four major sections. First, it presents the characterization of cyberspace to establish terms for broader dialogue as well as to identify unique technical challenges that …


United States-Gulf Cooperation Council Security Coopeeration In A Multipolar World, Mohammed El-Katiri Dr. Oct 2014

United States-Gulf Cooperation Council Security Coopeeration In A Multipolar World, Mohammed El-Katiri Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

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Military and security cooperation with Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states is of continuing importance for the United States, given the region's pivotal location in the Middle East and proximity to Iran. But recent developments in the defense posture of the United States, together with the U.S. responses to the Arab Spring, and the lingering after-effects of the Iraq conflict, have caused local leaders to question the nature and durability of this cooperation. This monograph examines recent developments in the political and economic dynamics in GCC countries and their neighbors, and the potential implications for U.S. security …


U.S. Policy And Strategy Toward Afghanistan After 2014, Thomas H. Johnson Prof., Larry P. Goodson Dr. Oct 2014

U.S. Policy And Strategy Toward Afghanistan After 2014, Thomas H. Johnson Prof., Larry P. Goodson Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

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What should the United States do about Afghanistan? After nearly 13 years and substantial U.S. national commitment in a country on the other side of the world, much has changed in Afghanistan, the United States, Afghanistan’s region, and the globe. To prepare policy and strategy recommendations on Afghanistan for U.S. leaders, this monograph answers six key questions: 1. Did the United States have or develop critical national interests in Afghanistan and its immediate neighborhood on or because of the events of September 11, 2001? 2. Was overall U.S. strategy to pursue those interests successful and appropriate? …


Parameters – Full Issue, Usawc Parameters Sep 2014

Parameters – Full Issue, Usawc Parameters

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

Confronting the “Islamic State” by W. Andrew Terrill, David S. Sorenson, Ross Harrison, Dana El Kurd NATO’s Rebirth: Rhetoric & Reality by John R. Deni, Luis Simón Challenges in Russia & Afghanistan by Kristin Ven Bruusgaard, Daniel Glickstein and Michael Spangler Special Commentary: The Army’s Professional Ethic by Don M. Snider Of Note: Whose Breach, Whose Trust? by Kimberly Field


From The Editor, Antullio J. Echevarria Ii Sep 2014

From The Editor, Antullio J. Echevarria Ii

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


Book Reviews, Usawc Parameters Sep 2014

Book Reviews, Usawc Parameters

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


Hacking Back: Not The Right Solution, Emilio Iasiello Sep 2014

Hacking Back: Not The Right Solution, Emilio Iasiello

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


Assessing Nato's Eastern European "Flank", Luis Simón Sep 2014

Assessing Nato's Eastern European "Flank", Luis Simón

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


Nato's New Trajectories After The Wales Summit, John R. Deni Sep 2014

Nato's New Trajectories After The Wales Summit, John R. Deni

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


The Age Of Digital Conflict: A Review Essay, José De Arimatéia Da Cruz Sep 2014

The Age Of Digital Conflict: A Review Essay, José De Arimatéia Da Cruz

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


Crimea And Russia's Strategic Overhaul, Kristin Ven Bruusgaard Sep 2014

Crimea And Russia's Strategic Overhaul, Kristin Ven Bruusgaard

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


After The Spring: Reforming Arab Armies, Florence Gaub Dr. Sep 2014

After The Spring: Reforming Arab Armies, Florence Gaub Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

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As the Arab Spring has renewed Western interest in the political, as well as military, role of Arab armed forces, reform—rather than mere assistance—is crucial. In this monograph, the author focuses on the structural aspects of reform from which the Arab Spring forces would benefit. Seven features are identified which need to be addressed when attempting Arab military reform in the countries affected by large-scale unrest in 2011: an unclear mandate, over-politicization, a challenging ongoing security situation, limited resources, lack of civilian oversight, pockets of paramilitary activity, and, in parts, as well as the lack of …


Turkey's New Regional Security Role: Implications For The United States, Richard Weitz Dr. Sep 2014

Turkey's New Regional Security Role: Implications For The United States, Richard Weitz Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

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Until a few years ago, the relationship between Washington and Ankara was perennially troubled and occasionally terrible. Turkey opposed the 2003 U.S. invasion of Iraq and complained that the Pentagon was allowing Iraqi Kurds too much autonomy, leading to deteriorating security along the Iraq-Turkish border. Disagreements over how to respond to Iran’s nuclear program; U.S. suspicions regarding Turkey’s outreach efforts to Iran and Syria; and differences over Armenia, Palestinians, and the Black Sea further strained ties. However, Turkey is now seen as responding to its local challenges by moving closer to the West. The United States …


A New Type Of Great Power Relationship Between The United States And China: The Military Dimension, Geoffrey Till Professor Sep 2014

A New Type Of Great Power Relationship Between The United States And China: The Military Dimension, Geoffrey Till Professor

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

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The relative economic and military rise of China is likely to lead a major shift in the world’s strategic architecture. The form that China's new role takes will have a decisive impact on the interests of the United States and its allies and partners in the region. For the outcome to be generally beneficial, China needs to be dissuaded from hegemonic aspirations and retained as a cooperative partner in the world system. President Xi Jinping's recent suggestion that a newly empowered China and the United States adopt a relationship that is new and different from previous …


Political And Socio-Economic Change: Revolutions And Their Implications For The U.S. Military, John R. Deni Sep 2014

Political And Socio-Economic Change: Revolutions And Their Implications For The U.S. Military, John R. Deni

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

Dramatic political, economic, and social changes across both the Greater Middle East and Latin America over the last several years—in some instances revolutionary, in others evolutionary—have had profound implications for global security generally and U.S. security specifically. Policymakers in Washington are hence confronted with the issue of how to respond to the various changes in these disparate regions in order to safeguard U.S. interests, promote Western values, and shape the security environment into the future. Whether and to what degree U.S. policymakers can influence the unfolding changes and shape outcomes remains to be seen. But if Washington is to achieve …


Strategic Implications Of The Evolving Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Henry Plater-Zyberk Mr., Andrew Monaghan Dr. Aug 2014

Strategic Implications Of The Evolving Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Henry Plater-Zyberk Mr., Andrew Monaghan Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

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The role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in regional politics and the significance of the organization for U.S. interests are widely misunderstood. The organization is emphatically not a military bloc, and yet engages in joint activities which resemble military cooperation to U.S. eyes. It is, in theory, open to new members; but at present is highly unlikely to accept any. Its rhetoric firmly opposes U.S. presence and activity on the territory of member states, and yet individual member states leverage basing agreements with the U.S. to their advantage. The author reviews SCO's history and stated …


Russia And The Caspian Sea: Projecting Power Or Competing For Influence?, Tracey German Dr. Aug 2014

Russia And The Caspian Sea: Projecting Power Or Competing For Influence?, Tracey German Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

This monograph examines Russia’s policy toward the Caspian Sea region as Moscow attempts to counterbalance growing American involvement within what it perceives to be its zone of privileged interest. It focuses on the recent expansion of the Caspian Flotilla and the rationale behind it. Moscow has sought to counterbalance the growing involvement of other actors in the region, which has led to rising tension between Russia and its southern neighbors. The primary objectives of the research are to examine Russian perceptions of threat and security in the Caspian region and assess the implications for other actors. This monograph analyzes the …


European Missile Defense And Russia, Keir Giles Mr., Andrew Monaghan Dr. Jul 2014

European Missile Defense And Russia, Keir Giles Mr., Andrew Monaghan Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

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This monograph examines the history of missile defense and the current dialogue from a Russian perspective, in order to explain the root causes of Russian alarm. Specific recommendations for managing the Russia relationship in the context of missile defense are given. Important conclusions are also drawn for the purpose of managing the dialogue over missile defense plans not only with Russia as an opponent, but also with European NATO allies as partners and hosts. The latter are especially significant in the light of these partners' heightened hard security concerns following Russian annexation of Crimea and continuing …


Parameters – Full Issue, Usawc Parameters Jul 2014

Parameters – Full Issue, Usawc Parameters

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

Rebalancing the Rebalance by Michael Spangler Strategy Versus Statecraft in Crimea by Lukas Milevski Eisenhower and US Grand Strategy by Raymond Millen Private Contractors & Military Professionals by Scott L. Efflandt, Christopher Spearin, Birthe Anders Special Commentary: Insights from the Army's Drawdowns by Jason W. Warren


Russia's Contribution As A Partner In The War On Terrorism, Henry Plater-Zyberk Mr. Jul 2014

Russia's Contribution As A Partner In The War On Terrorism, Henry Plater-Zyberk Mr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

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This monograph examines terrorism and counterterrorism from the Russian perspective so as to assess prospects for cooperation with Russia in fighting terror. It concludes that, regardless of the state of political relations between Russia and the United States at any given time, longer-term systemic and conceptual obstacles to meaningful cooperation may well prevent any significant Russian contribution to U.S. counterterrorism efforts. This monograph details Russian definitions of terrorism and then looks at the Russian security “pyramid,” which sets out the relevant authority structure. It examines the roles of coordinating bodies such as the Security Council and …


Visual Propaganda And Extremism In The Online Environment, Cori E. Dauber, Carol K. Winkler Jul 2014

Visual Propaganda And Extremism In The Online Environment, Cori E. Dauber, Carol K. Winkler

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

Visual images have been a central component of propaganda for as long as propaganda has been produced. But recent developments in communication and information technologies have given terrorist and extremist groups options and abilities they never would have been able to come close to even 5 or 10 years ago. There are terrorist groups who, with very little initial investment, are making videos that are coming so close to the quality of BBC or CNN broadcasts that the difference is meaningless, and with access to the web they have instantaneous access to a global audience. Given the broad social science …


Revival Of Political Islam In The Aftermath Of Arab Uprisings: Implications For The Region And Beyond, Mohammed El-Katiri Dr. Jul 2014

Revival Of Political Islam In The Aftermath Of Arab Uprisings: Implications For The Region And Beyond, Mohammed El-Katiri Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

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Regime change during the Arab Spring allowed Islamist political forces that had long been marginalized to achieve political influence in Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya. Morocco’s first government led by an Islamist party has been in power since January 2012. This trend caused widespread concern over the future direction of these states; but despite the tragic example of Egypt, few negative predictions have yet been borne out. The author cautions against an overly simplistic assessment of this rise in the influence and power of political Islam. He shows that the political crises besetting each of these Islamist …


Private Military & Security Companies: A Review Essay, Birthe Anders Jun 2014

Private Military & Security Companies: A Review Essay, Birthe Anders

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


Commentaries And Replies, Usawc Press Jun 2014

Commentaries And Replies, Usawc Press

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


Special Operations Forces & Private Security Companies, Christopher Spearin Jun 2014

Special Operations Forces & Private Security Companies, Christopher Spearin

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


Review Essays, Usawc Press Jun 2014

Review Essays, Usawc Press

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


The Future Of American Landpower: Does Forward Presence Still Matter? The Case Of The Army In The Pacific, John R. Deni Dr. Jun 2014

The Future Of American Landpower: Does Forward Presence Still Matter? The Case Of The Army In The Pacific, John R. Deni Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

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The time has come for a reappraisal of the U.S. Army’s forward presence in East Asia, given the evolving strategic context and the extraordinarily high, recurring costs of deploying U.S. Army forces from the 50 states for increasingly important security cooperation activities across the Indo-Asia-Pacific theater. Without unduly harming America's commitment to deterrence on the Korean peninsula, a reconfigured Army forward presence could help to achieve U.S. objectives throughout the theater more effectively through more regular, longer-duration engagement with critical allies and partners, while reducing the recurring transportation costs associated with today’s practice of sending U.S.-based …


From The Editor, Antulio J. Echevarria Ii Jun 2014

From The Editor, Antulio J. Echevarria Ii

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


Strategy Versus Statecraft In Crimea, Lukas Milevski Jun 2014

Strategy Versus Statecraft In Crimea, Lukas Milevski

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


Countering Radicalization And Recruitment To Al-Qaeda: Fighting The War Of Deeds, Paul Kamolnick Dr. Jun 2014

Countering Radicalization And Recruitment To Al-Qaeda: Fighting The War Of Deeds, Paul Kamolnick Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

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This Letort Paper proposes that actions, policies, and deeds—those of the U.S. Government and al-Qaeda—be leveraged as a means of delegitimizing al-Qaeda terrorist propaganda. Two chief fronts—changing deeds and challenging deeds—is proposed. Changing deeds requires that the United States carefully and systematically examine its own foreign and military policies and their specific consequences for the Arab and Muslim world. Challenging deeds comprises systematically countering with evidence and fact al-Qaeda’s two greatest propagandistic fabrications: that the United States is a crusader at war with Islam, and that al-Qaeda is the vanguard defender of a besieged and oppressed …