Digital Commons Network^™

Nothing About Us Without Us! The Failure Of The Modern Juvenile Justice System And A Call For Community-Based Justice, Charisa Smith Esq.

Journal of Applied Research on Children: Informing Policy for Children at Risk

The modern juvenile justice system is failing our society. A literature review reveals resounding criticism of the system at all points—arrest, court processing, and incarceration. The current system does not effectively reduce recidivism, is wrought with racial disparities, operates with a minimal degree of cultural competence, violates human rights norms, and fails to empower and reform individuals who are directly affected. The current system shatters social bonds and does not hold governmental agencies accountable for wrongdoing or ineffectiveness. Community-based approaches more effectively reduce crime, cost less, are more empowering and culturally competent, help ameliorative civic fragmentation, and are more socially …

Metropolitan Observatory For Street Children And Youngsters: A Chilean Experience Of An Innovative Model, Emillia Valenzuela Vergara, Paula Margotta Meneses, Paula Bedregal García, Liliana Guerra Aburto

Journal of Applied Research on Children: Informing Policy for Children at Risk

In Chile, street children and youngsters' situations have changed significantly over the last decades. The Metropolitan Observatory is an innovative organization that makes it possible to follow this velnerable group. The Observatory is becoming a pioneering actor in the subject, thanks to the participative work and agreed consensus of different institutions involved.

The aim of this paper is to introduce the innovative cross-sectoral work done by the Metropolitan Observatory for street children and youth.

Addressing The Challenges Of Child And Family Homelessness, Kerri Tobin, Joseph Murphy

Journal of Applied Research on Children: Informing Policy for Children at Risk

Homeless children in families comprise the fastest-growing group of homeless persons in the United States. Indeed, the American Academy of Pediatrics considers homelessness to be an issue with which pediatricians should be concerned. In this article, we review existing literature to provide a background for researchers, policymakers, and social service providers hoping to understand the phenomenon of child and family homelessness and various strategies used to address it. We begin with a definition and description of the population of homeless families with children. We then offer a broad consideration of the effects of child and family homelessness, from physical health …

Child Maltreatment Prevention – Finding Common Ground With Unintentional Injury Prevention, Rohit Shenoi, Christopher Greeley, Angelo P. Giardino

Journal of Applied Research on Children: Informing Policy for Children at Risk

Child Maltreatment Prevention – Finding Common Ground with Unintentional Injury Prevention

Observations From The Balcony: Directions For Pediatric Health Disparities Research And Policy, Jean L. Raphael

Journal of Applied Research on Children: Informing Policy for Children at Risk

In 2002, the Institute of Medicine released Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Healthcare, a landmark monograph documenting health disparities in the U.S. health care system. Since the publication of Unequal Treatment, the field of pediatric health disparities research has advanced significantly with a proliferation of studies examining a wide array of topics concerning inequities in child health. Advances in health care policy and legislation have also added to a heightened discourse on pediatric health disparities. While there has been substantial activity in efforts to address pediatric health disparities, questions remain regarding whether these efforts have changed …

Family Matters: Links Between Family Structure And Early Child Health, Laura L. Freeman, Mackenzie Brewer

Journal of Applied Research on Children: Informing Policy for Children at Risk

This paper reviews the research of the past two decades that addresses the relationship between family structure and early child health outcomes. Specifically, we focus on family structure’s influence on child health during pregnancy, birth, and infancy. We briefly summarize the most pervasive changes to family structure in the US during recent decades and discuss how early child health is linked to future outcomes for children and adults. We review research that highlights the mechanisms linking family structure to early child health and identify key risk and protective factors for children from the prenatal period through infancy. We conclude with …

Family Structure And Obesity Among U.S. Children, Jennifer M. Augustine Ph.D., Rachel T. Kimbro

Journal of Applied Research on Children: Informing Policy for Children at Risk

Child obesity in the U.S. is a significant public health issue, particularly among children from disadvantaged backgrounds. Thus, the roles of parents’ human and financial capital and racial and ethnic background have become important topics of social science and public health research on child obesity. Less often discussed, however, is the role of family structure, which is an important predictor of child well-being and indicator of family socioeconomic status. The goal of this study, therefore, is to investigate how preschool aged children’s risk of obesity varies across a diverse set of family structures and whether these differences in obesity are …

The Need For School-Based Teen Dating Violence Prevention, Jeff R. Temple, Vi D. Le, Alexandra Muir, Laurie Goforth, Amy L. Mcelhany

Journal of Applied Research on Children: Informing Policy for Children at Risk

Schools have several competing demands, and often suffer from inefficient access to needed resources. Thus, the addition of any program into an already overtaxed school system must be met with convincing evidence that 1) a need or problem exists and is relevant to the education of students, 2) the problem is amenable to change, and 3) addressing the problem is in the best interest of educators and students. The purpose of the present paper is to present a case for inclusion of teen dating violence prevention programs in middle and high schools. We also discuss a recent survey of 219 …

Examining The Relationship Between Media Use And Aggression, Sexuality, And Body Image, Temple Northup

Journal of Applied Research on Children: Informing Policy for Children at Risk

Objectives: The primary purpose of this research is to understand the media's impact on individual attitudes and behaviors related to aggression, sexuality, and body image. This research is of particular importance because it uses up-to-date data reflecting effects based on the current media environment. Additionally, it includes a racially diverse sample.

Methods: A survey of 407 students at a large, public university was conducted. The survey instrument contained general measures related to media consumption, including overall television, video game, and internet use, as well as more specific questions related to particular types of media, such as pornography. For the dependent …

New Morbidities 2.0, Angelo P. Giardino, Robert D. Sanborn

Journal of Applied Research on Children: Informing Policy for Children at Risk

Robert Sanborn and Angelo Giardino's introduction for Volume 4, Issue 1: New Morbdities 2.0

All Adults Once Were Children, Robert W. Block

Journal of Applied Research on Children: Informing Policy for Children at Risk

Issue Editor, Robert Block's, point of view and summary of the articles in New Morbidities 2.0

Basics Of Evidence-Based Practice; Finding Citation Metrics; Tuesday Tech Lunch Series – Introduction To Creating E-Books, Vol 11. (3), Texas Medical Center Library

Insider Express (2003-2013)

No abstract provided.

A University System’S Approach To Enhancing The Educational Mission Of Health Science Schools And Institutions: The University Of Texas Academy Of Health Science Education, L. Maximilian Buja, Susan M. Cox, Steven A. Lieberman, Jonathan Macclements, Janet F. Williams, Robert M. Esterl Jr., Kenneth I. Shine

Library Staff Publications

Background: The academy movement developed in the United States as an important approach to enhance the educational mission and facilitate the recognition and work of educators at medical schools and health science institutions. Objectives: Academies initially formed at individual medical schools. Educators and leaders in The University of Texas System (the UT System, UTS) recognized the academy movement as a means both to address special challenges and pursue opportunities for advancing the educational mission of academic health sciences institutions. Methods: The UTS academy process was started by the appointment of a Chancellor’s Health Fellow for Education in 2004. Subsequently, the …

Ms171: Interview With Dorothy Otto, Dorothy Otto M.S.N., Ed.D., Anef, Houston Academy Of Medicine-Texas Medical Center Library

Texas Medical Center - Women's History Project

Interview with Dorothy Otto, Associate Professor at the School of Nursing, University of Texas Houston Health Science Center. See more at Texas Medical Center-Women's History Project and its finding aid.

Ms171: Interview With Anna Steinberger, Anna Steinberger Ph.D., Houston Academy Of Medicine-Texas Medical Center Library

Texas Medical Center - Women's History Project

An oral interview with Dr. Anna Steinberger, who taught and conducted basic research in Reproductive Biology and served as Assistant Dean for Faculty Affairs at UT Medical School-Houston. Her research yielded over 250 scientific articles, books, and book chapters for which she received numerous awards and recognitions in the USA and abroad. See more at Texas Medical Center-Women's History Project and its finding aid.

Ms171: Interview With Lu Ann Aday, Lu Ann Aday Ph.D., Houston Academy Of Medicine-Texas Medical Center Library

Texas Medical Center - Women's History Project

An oral Interview with Dr. Lu Ann Aday, distinguished professor emerita in public health and medicine at the University of Texas School of Medicine and Public Health. She is the inaugural holder of the Lorne D. Bain Distinguished Professorship in Public Health and Medicine at the University of Texas, School of Public Health, and has advised numerous masters' and doctoral candidates and post-doctoral fellows during her more than 30 years in the field. With training in economics and sociology, Dr. Aday has authored a number of books dealing with conceptual or empirical aspects of research on access to health and …

Ms171: Interview With Julie Knobil, Julie Knobil M.A., Ph.D., Houston Academy Of Medicine-Texas Medical Center Library

Texas Medical Center - Women's History Project

An oral interview with Juile (Hotchkiss) Knobil, research professor of physiology and then integrative biology at the Medical School, where she lectured on mammalian physiology and perinatal endocrinology. See more at Texas Medical Center-Women's History Project and its finding aid.

Website Usage And Weight Loss In A Free Commercial Online Weight Loss Program: Retrospective Cohort Study, Kevin O Hwang, Jing Ning, Amber W Trickey, Christopher N Sciamanna

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Online weight loss programs are increasingly popular. However, little is known about outcomes and associations with website usage among members of free online weight loss programs.

OBJECTIVE: This retrospective cohort study examined the association between website usage and weight loss among members of a free commercial online weight loss program (SparkPeople).

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of a systematic random sample of members who joined the program during February 1 to April 30, 2008, and included follow-up data through May 10, 2010. The main outcome was net weight change based on self-reported weight. Measures of website usage included …

Biomarkers Of Maternal And Fetal Exposure To Organochlorine Pesticides Measured In Pregnant Hispanic Women From Brownsville, Texas, Ken Sexton, Jennifer J Salinas, Thomas J Mcdonald, Rose M Z Gowen, Rebecca P Miller, Joseph B Mccormick, Susan P Fisher-Hoch

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Biomarkers of organochlorine pesticides were measured in both venous and umbilical cord blood from 35 pregnant Hispanic women living in Brownsville, Texas, USA. Gas chromatography with an electron capture detector was used to analyze specimens for 30 individual pesticides or their metabolites. Results indicate that blood concentrations were relatively low for most individual compounds, but that high-end (upper 10th percentile) values for total DDT were comparatively high. Although health effects associated with measured blood concentrations are uncertain, there is concern that fetal exposure to low levels of these OC compounds, either individually or in combination, might contribute to subsequent health …

Library Holiday Hours; Tuesday Tech Lunch Series; Immunization In The U.S. – The Best Or Worst In Its Class? Vol 11 (1), Texas Medical Center Library

Insider Express (2003-2013)

No abstract provided.

Annual Report 2012-2013, Houston Academy Of Medicine-Texas Medical Center Library

Annual Reports: 1943 - Present

This file contains the Annual Report for the library from 2012-2013.

Ms 102 Guide To Robert Hickey, Md Papers (1909-1992), Robert Hickey (1915-2006)

Manuscript Finding Aids

The Robert Hickey, MD papers contains various papers and reprints relating to Dr. Robert Hickey and his research on railroad medicine.

Ms225: 2013 Faculty Meeting Minutes, Thomas R. Cole

Thomas R. Cole, PhD Papers

Original Filename: Faculty Meeting Minutes 010213.docx. Format Details: fmt/412; Microsoft Word for Windows; 2007 onwards. See more at Thomas R. Cole, PhD Papers and its finding aid.

Ham-Tmc Library Strategic Plan - Fy 2013-16, Houston Academy Of Medicine-Texas Medical Center Library

Strategic Plans

No abstract provided.

Willingness To Undergo A Repeat Liver Biopsy Among Hiv/Hepatitis C Virus-Coinfected And Hepatitis C Virus-Monoinfected Patients, Valerianna K Amorosa, Omowunmi Aibana, Norah J Shire, Zachariah Dorey-Stein, Thomas Ferrara, Joanne Gilmore, Jay R Kostman, Vincent Lo Re

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Guidelines for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) management have recommended that a liver biopsy be repeated at 3-year intervals for HIV/HCV-coinfected patients and 5-year intervals for those with HCV monoinfection to assess fibrosis progression. However, it is unclear if patients are willing to repeat this procedure.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and factors, particularly HIV coinfection, associated with willingness to repeat a liver biopsy.

METHODS: A questionnaire was administered to 235 HCV-infected patients (113 with HIV coinfection) between January 2008 and June 2011 who previously underwent liver biopsy. The main outcome was self-reported willingness to repeat the biopsy. The …

Ms 127 Guide To Bernard M. Barrett Papers (1951-1982), Bernard M. Barrett (1944-)

Manuscript Finding Aids

Dr. Bernard M. Barrett studied at the University of Miami for his medical degree. His collection documents his involvement in editing and coauthoring different research, books, and articles. The collection includes several edited drafts by Dr. Barrett and his colleagues' drafts he would edit. The most prominent collection of documents surrounding the publication of the book and its editions, "Patient Care in Plastic Surgery," is well documented in the collection. The collection also includes: pamphlets; reports; reprints; correspondence; letters; memos; research; advertisements; and financial records.

Some Thoughts About The Historic Events That Led To The First Clinical Implantation Of A Total Artificial Heart, Denton A Cooley

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Preventing Deep Wound Infection After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Review, Charles S Bryan, William M Yarbrough

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

The consequences of deep wound infections before, during, and after coronary artery bypass grafting have prompted research to clarify risk factors and explore preventive measures to keep infection rates at an irreducible minimum. An analysis of 42 studies in which investigators used multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that diabetes mellitus and obesity are by far the chief preoperative risk factors. A 4-point preoperative scoring system based on a patient's body mass index and the presence or absence of diabetes is one practical way to determine the risk of mediastinitis, and other risk-estimate methods are being refined. Intraoperative risk factors include …

Components Of The Complete Blood Count As Risk Predictors For Coronary Heart Disease: In-Depth Review And Update, Mohammad Madjid, Omid Fatemi

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease, and several inflammatory biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein, have been used to predict the risk of coronary heart disease. High white blood cell count is a strong and independent predictor of coronary risk in patients of both sexes, with and without coronary heart disease. A high number of white blood cells and their subtypes (for example, neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and eosinophils) are associated with the presence of coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, and stroke. The coronary heart disease risk ratios associated with a high white blood cell count are comparable to those of other …

Coronary Artery Diameter Related To Calcium Scores And Coronary Risk Factors As Measured With Multidetector Computed Tomography: A Substudy Of The Accuracy Trial, Yasmin S Hamirani, Khurram Nasir, Emil Avanes, Jigar Kadakia, Matthew J Budoff

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Arterial remodeling, an early change of atherosclerosis, can cause dilated arterial diameter. We measured coronary artery diameter with use of noncontrast 64-slice multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), and studied its association with coronary artery calcium levels and traditional coronary risk factors.

We included 140 patients from the ACCURACY trial whose noncontrast MDCT images showed measurable coronary arteries. Using 3 measurements of left main coronary artery (LMCA) and right coronary artery (RCA) diameters within 3 mm of the ostium, we associated the results with traditional coronary risk factors and calcium scores.

The prevalence of LMCA and RCA calcium was 22% and 51%, …