Digital Commons Network^™

Butyrate-Producing Bacteria And Insulin Homeostasis: The Microbiome And Insulin Longitudinal Evaluation Study (Miles), Jinrui Cui, Gautam Ramesh, Martin Wu, Elizabeth T Jensen, Osa Crago, Alain G Bertoni, Chunxu Gao, Kristi L Hoffman, Patricia A Sheridan, Kari E Wong, Alexis C Wood, Yii-Der I Chen, Jerome I Rotter, Joseph F Petrosino, Stephen S Rich, Mark O Goodarzi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Gut microbiome studies have documented depletion of butyrate-producing taxa in type 2 diabetes. We analyzed associations between butyrate-producing taxa and detailed measures of insulin homeostasis, whose dysfunction underlies diabetes in 224 non-Hispanic Whites and 129 African Americans, all of whom completed an oral glucose tolerance test. Stool microbiome was assessed by whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing with taxonomic profiling. We examined associations among 36 butyrate-producing taxa (n = 7 genera and 29 species) and insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, disposition index, insulin clearance, and prevalence of dysglycemia (prediabetes plus diabetes, 46% of cohort), adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and race. The genus Coprococcus …

The Equilibrium Of Tumor Suppression: Dubs As Active Regulators Of Pten, Audrey Christine, Mi Kyung Park, Su Jung Song, Min Sup Song

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PTEN is among the most commonly lost or mutated tumor suppressor genes in human cancer. PTEN, a bona fide lipid phosphatase that antagonizes the highly oncogenic PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway, is considered a major dose-dependent tumor suppressor. Although PTEN function can be compromised by genetic mutations in inherited syndromes and cancers, posttranslational modifications of PTEN may also play key roles in the dynamic regulation of its function. Notably, deregulated ubiquitination and deubiquitination lead to detrimental impacts on PTEN levels and subcellular partitioning, promoting tumorigenesis. While PTEN can be targeted by HECT-type E3 ubiquitin ligases for nuclear import and proteasomal degradation, studies have …

Flow Cytometry Immunophenotypic Features Of Pure Erythroid Leukemia And The Distinction From Reactive Erythroid Precursors, Hong Fang, Sa A Wang, M James You, Shimin Hu, Roberto N Miranda, Zhenya Tang, Pei Lin, Jeffrey L Jorgensen, Jie Xu, Beenu Thakral, Ellen J Schlette, Siba El Hussein, Carlos Bueso-Ramos, L Jeffrey Medeiros, Wei Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The immunophenotype of pure erythroid leukemia (PEL) as determined by flow cytometry immunophenotypic analysis is not well characterized. The immunophenotypic difference between PEL and reactive conditions is under-explored.

METHODS: We assessed and compared the immunophenotype of 24 PEL cases and 28 reactive cases containing early erythroid precursors by flow cytometry.

RESULTS: The neoplastic erythroid cells in all PEL cases were positive for CD36 and CD71. CD45 was also positive in all cases, but the expression level was often dimmer than granulocytes. CD117 expression ranged from partial to uniform, and CD235a was often only positive in the CD117-dim to negative …

Triphenyl Phosphate Activates Estrogen Receptor Α/Nf-Κb/ Cyclin D1 Signaling To Stimulate Cell Cycle Progression In Human Ishikawa Endometrial Cancer Cells, Hyun Young Kwon, Seung Bin Park, Myoungseok Han, Jung-Woo Park, Yongmin Lee, Sang Jun Han, Youngmin Kwon, Yeon Jean Cho

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: Triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) is one of the most commonly used organophosphorus flame retardants that may accumulate in the environment. However, its effects on human reproductive organs have not been well studied. We aimed to investigate the in vitro effects of TPHP in human Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells to elucidate how TPHP exposure disrupts intracellular signaling and cell proliferation in reproductive tissues.

METHODS: Human Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells were exposed to TPHP.

RESULTS: Exposure to TPHP elevated the levels of estrogen receptor (ER) α and progesterone receptor-B and reduced ER β in human Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells. TPHP stimulated phosphoinositide …

Salpingitis In An Adolescent Female With Constipation And Abdominal Pain, Gal Barak, Matthew R Carroll, Andrea Dean

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Abdominal pain is one of the most common presenting complaints in the emergency room for pediatric patients. While constipation is one of the most common causes for abdominal pain in pediatrics, serious intra-abdominal pathology must always be excluded. We report a pre-coital post-menarchal adolescent female who presented with severe abdominal pain and constipation and had radiographic findings of salpingitis. It was suspected that uterine and adnexal changes seen on imaging resulted from the fecal mass compressing the genitourinary tract leading to fluid collection manifesting as radiographic evidence of salpingitis. This mechanism is similar to bladder outlet obstruction resulting from compression …

Analysis Of Insppire-2 Cohort: Risk Factors And Disease Burden In Children With Acute Recurrent Or Chronic Pancreatitis, Aliye Uc, Gretchen A Cress, Fuchenchu Wang, Maisam Abu-El-Haija, Kate M Ellery, Douglas S Fishman, Cheryl E Gariepy, Tanja Gonska, Tom K Lin, Quin Y Liu, Megha Mehta, Asim Maqbool, Brian A Mcferron, Veronique D Morinville, Chee Y Ooi, Emily R Perito, Sarah Jane Schwarzenberg, Zachary M Sellers, Jose Serrano, Uzma Shah, David M Troendle, Michael Wilschanski, Yuhua Zheng, Ying Yuan, Mark E Lowe, Consortium For The Study Of Chronic Pancreatitis, Diabetes And Pancreatic Cancer

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to investigate risk factors and disease burden in pediatric acute recurrent pancreatitis (ARP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP).

METHODS: Data were obtained from INternational Study group of Pediatric Pancreatitis: In search for a cuRE-2 (INSPPIRE-2), the largest multi-center prospective cohort study in pediatric patients with ARP or CP.

RESULTS: Of 689 children, 365 had ARP (53%), 324 had CP (47%). CP was more commonly associated with female sex, younger age at first acute pancreatitis (AP) attack, Asian race, family history of CP, lower BMI%, genetic and obstructive factors, PRSS1 mutations and pancreas divisum. CFTR …

Nurturing Children’S Development Through Healthy Eating And Active Living: Time For Policies To Support Effective Interventions In The Context Of Responsive Emotional Support And Early Learning, Helen Skouteris, Rachael Green, Alexandra Chung, Heidi Bergmeier, Lisa H Amir, Sukhpreet Kaur Baidwan, Angel Marie Chater, Catherine Chamberlain, Ruth Emond, Kay Gibbons, Michelle Gooey, Kostas Hatzikiriakidis, Emma Haycraft, Andrew P Hills, Daryl J Higgins, Oliver Hooper, Sue-Anne Hunter, Pam Kappelides, Sue Kleve, Jacynta Krakouer, Julie C Lumeng, Yannis Manios, Athar Mansoor, Michael Marmot, Louise C Mâsse, Karen Matvienko-Sikar, Zandile June-Rose Mchiza, Caroline Meyer, George Moschonis, Emily R Munro, Teresia Margareta O'Connor, Adrienne O'Neil, Thomas Quarmby, Rachel Sandford, Janet U Schneiderman, Simone Sherriff, Doug Simkiss, Alison Spence, Elizabeth Sturgiss, Dave Vicary, Rebecca Wickes, Luke Wolfenden, Mary Story, Maureen M Black

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Fostering the growth, development, health, and wellbeing of children is a global priority. The early childhood period presents a critical window to influence lifelong trajectories, however urgent multisectoral action is needed to ensure that families are adequately supported to nurture their children's growth and development. With a shared vision to give every child the best start in life, thus helping them reach their full developmental potential, we have formed the International Healthy Eating Active Living Matters (HEALing Matters) Alliance. Together, we form a global network of academics and practitioners working across child health and development, and who are dedicated to …

The Roles Of Sleep And Eating Patterns In Adiposity Gain Among Preschool-Aged Children, Amy R Goetz, Ishita Jindal, Jennette P Moreno, Maurice R Puyau, Anne L Adolph, Salma Musaad, Nancy F Butte, Fida Bacha

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Short sleep durations are related to risks for obesity in preschool children. However, the underlying mechanism or mechanisms are not clear.

OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the relationships between sleep characteristics and body composition, energetics, and weight-regulating behaviors in preschool-aged children, as well as the longitudinal associations between children's sleep and eating patterns and body composition at a 1-year follow-up.

METHODS: Data were drawn from a longitudinal study of 118 children aged 3-5 years. Sleep (duration, midpoint, regularity) and physical activity (PA) were measured by accelerometry over 6 consecutive days; total energy expenditure (TEE) was measured using the doubly labeled water …

Optimal Cardiometabolic Health And Risk Of Heart Failure In Type 2 Diabetes: An Analysis From The Look Ahead Trial, Kershaw V Patel, Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, Matthew W Segar, Judy L Bahnson, Katelyn R Garcia, Jeanne M Clark, Ashok Balasubramanyam, Alain G Bertoni, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Michael E Farkouh, James L Januzzi, Subodh Verma, Mark Espeland, Ambarish Pandey

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Aims: To evaluate the contribution of baseline and longitudinal changes in cardiometabolic health (CMH) towards heart failure (HF) risk among adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods and results: Participants of the Look AHEAD trial with T2D and without prevalent HF were included. Adjusted Cox models were used to create a CMH score incorporating target levels of parameters weighted based on relative risk for HF. The associations of baseline and changes in the CMH score with risk of overall HF, HF with preserved (HFpEF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) were assessed using Cox models. Among the 5080 participants, 257 incident …

Opportunities And Challenges In Heart Rhythm Research: Rationale And Development Of An Electrophysiology Collaboratory, Duy T Nguyen, Kenneth C Bilchick, Sanjiv M Narayan, Mina K Chung, Kevin L Thomas, Kenneth R Laurita, Marmar Vaseghi, Roopinder Sandhu, Mihail G Chelu, Prince J Kannankeril, Douglas L Packer, David D Mcmanus, Atul Verma, Matthew Singleton, Khaldoun Tarakji, Sana M Al-Khatib, Jonathan R Kaltman, Ravi C Balijepalli, George F Van Hare, Jodie L Hurwitz, Andrea M Russo, Fred M Kusumoto, Christine M Albert

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

There are many challenges in the current landscape of electrophysiology (EP) clinical and translational research, including increasing costs and complexity, competing demands, regulatory requirements, and challenges with study implementation. This review seeks to broadly discuss the state of EP research, including challenges and opportunities. Included here are results from a Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) Research Committee member survey detailing HRS members' perspectives regarding both barriers to clinical and translational research and opportunities to address these challenges. We also provide stakeholder perspectives on barriers and opportunities for future EP research, including input from representatives of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, …

Rare Variants In Genes Encoding Subunits Of The Epithelial Na+ Channel Are Associated With Blood Pressure And Kidney Function, Brandon M Blobner, Annet Kirabo, Ossama B Kashlan, Shaohu Sheng, Donna K Arnett, Lewis C Becker, Eric Boerwinkle, Jenna C Carlson, Yan Gao, Richard A Gibbs, Jiang He, Marguerite R Irvin, Sharon L R Kardia, Tanika N Kelly, Charles Kooperberg, Stephen T Mcgarvey, Vipin K Menon, May E Montasser, Take Naseri, Susan Redline, Alexander P Reiner, Muagututi'a S Reupena, Jennifer A Smith, Xiao Sun, Dhananjay Vaidya, Karine A Viaud-Martinez, Daniel E Weeks, Lisa R Yanek, Xiaofeng Zhu, Ryan L Minster, Thomas R Kleyman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: The epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) is intrinsically linked to fluid volume homeostasis and blood pressure. Specific rare mutations in SCNN1A, SCNN1B, and SCNN1G, genes encoding the α, β, and γ subunits of ENaC, respectively, are associated with extreme blood pressure phenotypes. No associations between blood pressure and SCNN1D, which encodes the δ subunit of ENaC, have been reported. A small number of sequence variants in ENaC subunits have been reported to affect functional transport in vitro or blood pressure. The effects of the vast majority of rare and low-frequency ENaC variants on blood pressure are …

Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicities And Their Associations With Clinical And Non-Clinical Factors Among Breast Cancer Patients In Vietnam, Sang M Nguyen, Anh T Pham, Lan M Nguyen, Hui Cai, Thuan V Tran, Xiao-Ou Shu, Huong T T Tran

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Understanding the burden and factors related to chemotherapy-induced toxicity is important in treatment planning for breast cancer patients. We conducted a prospective study among 396 newly diagnosed and chemotherapy-treated breast cancer patients recruited in two major cancer hospitals in northern Vietnam. Toxicities were captured through medical chart reviews and patient self-reports and graded using NCI CTCAE classification. Associations for sociodemographic and clinical factors with chemotherapy-induced toxicities during first-line chemotherapy were evaluated via multivariable logistic regression. Severe (i.e., grade ≥ 3) hematological (38.6%), and gastrointestinal (12.9%) toxicities were common. A pre-existing nephrological condition was significantly associated with the risk of severe …

Accounting For The Clustering And Nesting Effects Verifies Most Conclusions Corrected Analysis Of: “Randomized Nutrient Bar Supplementation Improves Exercise-Associated Changes In Plasma Metabolome In Adolescents And Adult Family Members At Cardiometabolic Risk”, Yasaman Jamshidi-Naeini, Lilian Golzarri-Arroyo, Colby J Vorland, Andrew W Brown, Stephanie Dickinson, David B Allison

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

In a published randomized controlled trial, household units were randomized to a nutrient bar supplementation group or a control condition, but the non-independence of observations within the same household (i.e., the clustering effect) was not accounted for in the statistical analyses. Therefore, we reanalyzed the data appropriately by adjusting degrees of freedom using the between-within method, and accounting for household units using linear mixed effect models with random intercepts for family units and subjects nested within family units for each reported outcome. Results from this reanalysis showed that ignoring the clustering and nesting effects in the original analyses had resulted …

Uthealth Quality Symposium 2022 Abstracts

Teaching in Clinics

No abstract

Ubr2 Targets Myosin Heavy Chain Iib And Iix For Degradation: Molecular Mechanism Essential For Cancer-Induced Muscle Wasting, Song Gao, Guohua Zhang, Zicheng Zhang, James Z Zhu, Li Li, Yong Zhou, George G Rodney, Reem S Abo-Zahrah, Lindsey Anderson, Jose M Garcia, Yong Tae Kwon, Yi-Ping Li

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cancer cachexia is a lethal metabolic syndrome featuring muscle wasting with preferential loss of fast-twitching muscle mass through an undefined mechanism. Here, we show that cancer induces muscle wasting by selectively degrading myosin heavy chain (MHC) subtypes IIb and IIx through E3 ligase UBR2-mediated ubiquitylation. Induction of MHC loss and atrophy in C2C12 myotubes and mouse tibialis anterior (TA) by murine cancer cells required UBR2 up-regulation by cancer. Genetic gain or loss of UBR2 function inversely altered MHC level and muscle mass in TA of tumor-free mice. UBR2 selectively interacted with and ubiquitylated MHC-IIb and MHC-IIx through its substrate recognition …

A Cop1-Gata2 Axis Suppresses Ar Signaling And Prostate Cancer, Tao Shen, Bingning Dong, Yanling Meng, David D Moore, Feng Yang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Androgen receptor (AR) signaling is crucial for driving prostate cancer (PCa), the most diagnosed and the second leading cause of death in male patients with cancer in the United States. Androgen deprivation therapy is initially effective in most instances of AR-positive advanced or metastatic PCa. However, patients inevitably develop lethal castration-resistant PCa (CRPC), which is also resistant to the next-generation AR signaling inhibitors. Most CRPCs maintain AR expression, and blocking AR signaling remains a main therapeutic approach. GATA2 is a pioneer transcription factor emerging as a key therapeutic target for PCa because it promotes AR expression and activation. While directly …

Prevalence Of Prediabetes And Diabetes Vary By Ethnicity Among Us Asian Adults At Healthy Weight, Overweight, And Obesity Ranges: An Electronic Health Record Study, William S Vicks, Joan C Lo, Lynn Guo, Jamal S Rana, Sherry Zhang, Nirmala D Ramalingam, Nancy P Gordon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Asian adults develop Type 2 diabetes at a lower body mass index (BMI) compared to other racial/ethnic groups. We examined the variation in prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes among Asian ethnic groups within weight strata by comparing middle-aged Chinese, Filipino, South Asian, and White adults receiving care in the same integrated healthcare delivery system.

METHODS: Our retrospective cross-sectional U.S. study examined data from 283,110 (non-Hispanic) White, 33,263 Chinese, 38,766 Filipino, and 17,959 South Asian adults aged 45-64 years who were members of a Northern California health plan in 2016 and had measured height and weight. Prediabetes and diabetes were …

Growth Differentiation Factor 15 Is Not Associated With Glycemic Control In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treated With Metformin: A Post-Hoc Analysis Of Aim Study, Fei Gao, Cheng Li, Yufei Wang, Jingyi Lu, Wei Lu, Jian Zhou, Jun Yin, Xiaojing Ma

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) was newly discovered to be a promising target of metformin. The study was aimed to investigate the relationship between GDF15 and glycemic control after metformin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

METHODS: The study was a post-hoc analysis of AIM (the effect of Acarbose on glycemic variability in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using premixed Insulin compared to Metformin) study. The participants were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of metformin (MET) or acarbose (ACA) treatment combined with insulin. Serum GDF15 levels of 51 subjects from MET group and 53 subjects from …

The Family Level Assessment Of Screen Use-Mobile Approach: Development Of An Approach To Measure Children's Mobile Device Use, Oriana Perez, Anil Kumar Vadathya, Alicia Beltran, R Matthew Barnett, Olivia Hindera, Tatyana Garza, Salma M Musaad, Tom Baranowski, Sheryl O Hughes, Jason A Mendoza, Ashutosh Sabharwal, Ashok Veeraraghavan, Teresia M O'Connor

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: There is a strong association between increased mobile device use and worse dietary habits, worse sleep outcomes, and poor academic performance in children. Self-report or parent-proxy report of children's screen time has been the most common method of measuring screen time, which may be imprecise or biased.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of measuring the screen time of children on mobile devices using the Family Level Assessment of Screen Use (FLASH)-mobile approach, an innovative method that leverages the existing features of the Android platform.

Methods: This pilot study consisted of 2 laboratory-based observational …

Interactions Between Environmental Factors And Glutathione S-Transferase (Gst) Genes With Respect To Detectable Blood Aluminum Concentrations In Jamaican Children, Mohammad H Rahbar, Maureen Samms-Vaughan, Yuansong Zhao, Sepideh Saroukhani, Jan Bressler, Manouchehr Hessabi, Megan L Grove, Sydonnie Shakespeare-Pellington, Katherine A Loveland

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Aluminum (Al) is a metallic toxicant at high concentrations following natural or unnatural exposures. Dietary intake is considered as the main source of aluminum exposure in children. We used data from 366 typically developing (TD) children (ages 2−8 years) who participated as controls in an age- and sex-matched case−control study in Jamaica. We investigated additive and interactive associations among environmental factors and children’s genotypes for glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes (GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1), in relation to having a detectable blood aluminum concentration (BAlC) of >5.0 μg/L, using multivariable logistic regression models. Findings from interactive models revealed that the odds of having …

Diabetes-Related Worries And Coping Among Youth And Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes, Lindsay Taraban, Rachel Wasserman, Viena T Cao, Sahar S Eshtehardi, Barbara J Anderson, Debbe Thompson, David G Marrero, Marisa E Hilliard

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Objective: Although mood and anxiety symptoms are common in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D), little research has described their worries across developmental stages or the strategies they use to cope with these worries. This secondary data analysis aimed to describe and characterize common T1D-related worries and coping strategies from middle childhood through young adulthood.

Methods: Twenty-three youth (9 children, 7 adolescents, and 7 young adults) completed semistructured qualitative interviews about health-related quality of life. We coded interview transcripts using thematic analysis to generate common themes of diabetes-related worries and coping strategies.

Results: Participants' worries fell into four major themes: …

Recent Advances In Rapid Detection Techniques For Pesticide Residue: A Review, Lingyuan Xu, A M Abd El-Aty, Jong-Bang Eun, Jae-Han Shim, Jing Zhao, Xingmei Lei, Song Gao, Yongxin She, Fen Jin, Jing Wang, Maojun Jin, Bruce D Hammock

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

As an important chemical pollutant affecting the safety of agricultural products, the on-site and efficient detection of pesticide residues has become a global trend and hotspot in research. These methodologies were developed for simplicity, high sensitivity, and multiresidue detection. This review introduces the currently available technologies based on electrochemistry, optical analysis, biotechnology, and some innovative and novel technologies for the rapid detection of pesticide residues, focusing on the characteristics, research status, and application of the most innovative and novel technologies in the past 10 years, and analyzes challenges and future development prospects. The current review could be a good reference …

Highlights Of The 2021 Brano Heart Failure Forum, Rajko Radovancevic, Bojan Vrtovec, Igor D. Gregoric

The VAD Journal

Since 2007, the Branislav “Brano” Radovancevic Heart Failure Forum has been held annually to provide a venue for experts to present and discuss “Innovations and New Treatment Strategies in Heart Failure.” Clinicians and researchers gather yearly in a different Eastern European city to discuss the latest in heart failure diagnostics and therapeutics. The forum was postponed in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and then resumed in September of 2021 in Graz, Austria. It was attended by over 75 faculty from 13 countries. Due to the ongoing pandemic, 13 presentations were given virtually. Throughout the forum, 17 separate sessions focused …

Hospital Change To Mixed Lipid Emulsion From Soybean Oil-Based Lipid Emulsion For Parenteral Nutrition In Hospitalized And Critically Ill Adults Improves Outcomes: A Pre–Post-Comparative Study, Krista L Haines, Tetsu Ohnuma, Charles Trujillo, Obanor Osamudiamen, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Karthik Raghunathan, Paul E Wischmeyer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Early data suggest use of a mixed lipid emulsion (LE) with a soybean oil reduction strategy in parenteral nutrition (PN) may improve clinical outcomes. Duke University Hospital made a full switch to a Soybean oil/MCT/Olive/Fish Oil lipid (4-OLE) from pure soybean oil-based LE (Intralipid, Baxter Inc) in May 2017. Since 4-OLE has limited evidence related to its effects on clinical outcome parameters in US hospitals, evidence for clinical benefits of switching to 4-OLE is needed. Therefore, we examined the clinical utility of a hospital-wide switch to 4-OLE and its effect on patient outcomes.

METHODS: We conducted a single-center retrospective …

Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome: First Case Report From Egypt And North Africa, Ahmed Elsayed Alzamzamy, Ashraf Aboubakr, Hussein H Okasha, Abeer Abdellatef, Shaimaa Elkholy, Mahmoudd Wahba, Mohamed Alboraie, Hussein Elsayed, Mohamed O Othman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) polyposis is a rare condition in GI diseases. To date about 500 cases of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS) have been reported worldwide.

Case summary: We report a 60-year-old female patient who presented with dyspepsia, abdominal pain, and weight loss of 1-year duration. Her physical examination showed alopecia and onychodystrophy. Upper endoscopy revealed diffuse markedly thickened gastric mucosa involving the whole stomach with thickened gastric rugae and numerous polypoidal lesions. Histopathological examination showed marked hyperplasia of the foveolar glands with inflammatory cell infiltration. Endoscopic ultrasound showed a significantly hypertrophic mucosa and muscularis mucosa, while the submucosa and the muscularis …

Combined Trip13 And Aurora Kinase Inhibition Induces Apoptosis In Human Papillomavirus-Driven Cancers, Soma Ghosh, Tuhina Mazumdar, Wei Xu, Reid T Powell, Clifford Stephan, Li Shen, Pooja A Shah, Curtis R Pickering, Jeffery N Myers, Jing Wang, Mitchell J Frederick, Faye M Johnson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes >5% of cancers, but no therapies uniquely target HPV-driven cancers.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We tested the cytotoxic effect of 864 drugs in 16 HPV-positive and 17 HPV-negative human squamous cancer cell lines. We confirmed apoptosis in vitro and in vivo using patient-derived xenografts. Mitotic pathway components were manipulated with drugs, knockdown, and overexpression.

RESULTS: Aurora kinase inhibitors were more effective in vitro and in vivo in HPV-positive than in HPV-negative models. We hypothesized that the mechanism of sensitivity involves retinoblastoma (Rb) expression because the viral oncoprotein E7 leads to Rb protein degradation, and basal Rb protein …

Prevalence Of Polypharmacy And Associated Adverse Outcomes And Risk Factors Among Children With Asthma In The Usa: A Cross-Sectional Study, Luyu Xie, Andrew Gelfand, Caitlin C Murphy, M Sunil Mathew, Folefac Atem, George L Delclos, Sarah Messiah

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: to estimate the prevalence of polypharmacy, identify risk factors and examine related adverse outcomes in the US children with asthma.

DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based, cross-sectional study included 1776 children with asthma from the 2011-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.

EXPOSURES: Polypharmacy is defined as taking ≥2 medications concurrently for ≥1 day over the past 30 days.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: (1) Weighted prevalence estimates of polypharmacy in children with asthma; (2) asthma attacks and emergency department (ED) visits.

RESULTS: The estimated prevalence of polypharmacy in the US children with asthma was 33.49% (95% CI 31.81% to …

Public Health Burden Of Secondhand Smoking: Case Reports Of Lung Cancer And A Literature Review, Ladislav Štěpánek, Jarmila Ševčíková, Dagmar Horáková, Mihir Sanjay Patel, Radka Durďáková

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Secondhand smoke (SHS), composed of mainstream and sidestream smoke, is a known human carcinogen. It contains a variety of harmful substances at even higher concentrations than mainstream smoke itself, which is inhaled during firsthand smoking. Exposure to SHS, affecting more than a third of the worldwide population, increases the likelihood of lung cancer by roughly 30%, with specific contributions depending on the histological type of cancer. This study aimed to present the harmful potential of SHS through case reports and describe the burden of SHS via a literature review. From a collection of lung cancer case reports occurring in never …

Columnar Metaplasia Of The Esophagus Presenting As Iron Deficiency Anemia In Children With Neurologic Impairment Or Congenital Esophageal Atresia, Melissa R Van Arsdall, Supriya Nair, Lindsay M Moye, Trinh T Nguyen, Zeina M Saleh, J Marc Rhoads

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND Columnar metaplasia of the lower esophagus includes both gastric and intestinal metaplasia. Children with severe neurologic impairment and congenital esophageal atresia often have gastroesophageal reflux disease, which can lead to Barrett's esophagus, a form of lower esophageal columnar metaplasia and precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma, with some, but not all, guidelines specifically requiring the presence of intestinal metaplasia for diagnosis. This case series illustrates how iron deficiency anemia may be the primary symptom of esophageal columnar metaplasia in such children and how upper endoscopy is essential in their initial and ongoing evaluation. CASE REPORT We review 5 cases of columnar …

Columnar Metaplasia Of The Esophagus Presenting As Iron Deficiency Anemia In Children With Neurologic Impairment Or Congenital Esophageal Atresia, Melissa R Van Arsdall, Supriya Nair, Lindsay M Moye, Trinh T Nguyen, Zeina M Saleh, J Marc Rhoads

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND Columnar metaplasia of the lower esophagus includes both gastric and intestinal metaplasia. Children with severe neurologic impairment and congenital esophageal atresia often have gastroesophageal reflux disease, which can lead to Barrett's esophagus, a form of lower esophageal columnar metaplasia and precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma, with some, but not all, guidelines specifically requiring the presence of intestinal metaplasia for diagnosis. This case series illustrates how iron deficiency anemia may be the primary symptom of esophageal columnar metaplasia in such children and how upper endoscopy is essential in their initial and ongoing evaluation. CASE REPORT We review 5 cases of columnar …