Digital Commons Network^™

Molecular And Genetic Landscapes Of Retina And Brain Microglia In Neurodegenerative Diseases, Khang Ma, Rinki Ratnapriya

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Microglia-driven dysregulation has emerged as a significant underlying mechanism in many neurodegenerative diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although both brain and retinal microglia originate from the yolk sac, it is uncertain whether they share molecular similarities or genetic and molecular foundations related to neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we examine the transcriptomic and epigenetic profiles of retina and brain microglia through integrative analyses of single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) and single-nucleus ATAC sequencing (snATAC-seq) from 97 independent human samples across 11 different studies. Our findings reveal that retina and brain microglia share similar expression and …

Exploring Patients' Perceptions Of An Advance Care Planning Intervention In The Emergency Department: A Qualitative Study, Youkie Shiozawa, Saaya Morton, Nanako Shirai, Hannah Oelschlager, Lucy Kiernat, Anita N Chary, Anna C Revette, Adrian Haimovich, Smit Desai, Kai-Wei Chang, Shan W Liu, Maura Kennedy, Mara A Schonberg, Kei Ouchi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objectives: Emergency department (ED) visits offer opportunities for seriously ill patients to formulate future medical care goals, yet ED clinicians lack practical strategies for these conversations. ED GOAL, a behavioral intervention, engages seriously ill yet clinically stable older adults in the ED to address advance care planning (ACP) with their outpatient clinicians. In a randomized trial, goals-of-care documentation was significantly higher in the intervention group compared to controls after three (24.3% vs. 9.9%, p = 0.03) and 6 months (31.4% vs. 12.7%, p < 0.01). This study is a sub-analysis to learn about intervention arm participants' perceived benefits and obstacles of the intervention.

Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews between October 2022 and August 2024 (N = 52) with intervention-arm patients …

Pfas Exposure And Postoperative Weight Regain In Adolescents After Bariatric Surgery: Findings From The Teen-Labs Study, Brittney O Baumert, Elizabeth Costello, Zhenjiang Li, Justin R Ryder, Thomas Inge, Todd Jenkins, Stephanie Sisley, Stavra A Xanthakos, Douglas I Walker, Nikos Stratakis, Damaskini Valvi, Scott M Bartell, Angela L Slitt, Rohit Kohli, Sarah Rock, Michele A La Merrill, Sandrah P Eckel, Max T Aung, Rob Mcconnell, David V Conti, Lida Chatzi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: Weight regain following bariatric surgery remains a clinical challenge, with limited understanding of contributing environmental factors. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), persistent chemicals linked to metabolic dysfunction, may influence long-term weight trajectories. This study aimed to evaluate associations between PFAS exposure and changes in BMI, percent weight loss, and waist circumference among adolescents after bariatric surgery.

Methods: We included 186 adolescents (mean age: 17.1 years; 76.3% female; 72.0% White) from the Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (Teen-LABS) cohort who underwent surgery between 2007 and 2012. Anthropometric measurements were collected at baseline and 6, 12, 36, and 60 months post …

From Assistance To Autonomy: Evaluating Procedural Competency In Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Richard Barber, Marideth Rus, Elizabeth Moran, Esther M Sampayo, Deborah Hsu, Corrie E Chumpitazi, Elizabeth A Camp, Nidhi V Singh

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: Pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) physicians require expertise in numerous procedural skills to manage emergencies in children. Fellows require hands-on experience, expert supervision, and standardized feedback to build procedural competency. Our objective was to develop and gather validity evidence for an evaluation tool to assess PEM fellows' ability to perform procedures.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of PEM fellows' procedural performance within a children's hospital system. Faculty evaluated fellows using a one-item, five-point entrustment/level of supervision scale. We focused on three frequently performed procedures: laceration repair, intubation, and procedural sedation. To assess changes in supervision scores by training year, …

Does Every Person With Asthma Need An Inhaled Corticosteroid?, Harold J Farber

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Nonexposed Endoscopic Full Thickness Resection Of Residual Disease After Definitive Chemoradiation For Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer, Brennan W Gioe, Bryan C Luu, Michael M Ittmann, George Chen, Yvonne H Sada, Wasseem Skef

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Salvage endoscopic resection of residual esophageal neoplasia for patients that prefer to avoid surgery or are poor surgical candidates has been reported. We report a case of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma with residual disease after definitive chemoradiotherapy, that was treated with nonexposed endoscopic full thickness resection. This endoscopic resection achieved negative margins, with postresection surveillance endoscopy and imaging showing no evidence of disease. This case highlights the potential use of salvage endoscopic resection as a therapy for residual gastric cancer after chemoradiation in patients where surgery is not an option.

Phosphorylation At Serine 214 Correlates With Tau Seeding Activity In An Age-Dependent Manner In Two Mouse Models For Tauopathies And Is Required For Tau Transsynaptic Propagation, Pablo Martinez, Nur Jury-Garfe, Henika Patel, Yanwen You, Abigail Perkins, Yingjian You, Audrey Lee-Gosselin, Ruben Vidal, Cristian A Lasagna-Reeves

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background

Tau aggregation and propagation are hallmark features of Alzheimer's disease and related tauopathies. The molecular identity and post-translational modifications that contribute to tau seeding activity remain incompletely understood.

Objective

To characterize the temporal dynamics of tau seeding activity and identify specific phosphorylated tau species associated with tau propagation in vivo.

Methods

We profiled tau seeding activity using a FRET-based biosensor cell line and correlated it with the abundance of phospho- and conformational tau species in two transgenic mouse models of tauopathy (P301S-1N4R and P301S-0N4R). Immunohistochemistry and subcellular fractionation were used to examine the spatial distribution of tau species. Functional …

Alternative Polyadenylation Contributes To Fibroblast Senescence In Pulmonary Fibrosis, Jingjing Huang, Maria Jose Gacha-Garay, Yu Wang, Scott D Collum, Rene A Girard, Hydia Puente, Seung-Hee Yoo, Rahat Hussain, Jayeshkumar Patel, Manish Patel, Eric J Wagner, Hari Krishnayalamanchili, Harry Karmouty-Quintana, Zheng Chen, Tingting Mills

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a prevalent and deadly age-related disease characterized by chronic, progressive, and irreversible fibrosis. A key effector cell population in the fibroproliferative response is the fibroblasts. Fibroblast cell senescence gradually worsens during aging, and the acquisition of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) turns senescent fibroblasts into pro-inflammatory cells. However, the mechanism promoting senescence in IPF, especially at the post-transcriptional level, is poorly understood. We recently discovered that Nudix Hydrolase 21 (NUDT21, also named CFIm25), an RNA-binding protein, plays a critical role in regulating the expression of SASP factors through alternative polyadenylation (APA). APA allows adding poly(A) …

Complexity And Health Care Utilization In Infant Eskd, Ashna R Pudupakkam, Michael C Braun, Catherine Joseph, Poyyapakkam R Srivaths, Sarah J Swartz, Shweta S Shah

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Key Points:

1. Infant ESKD is associated with significant health care utilization including hospitalizations, subspecialty care, and financial expenditures.

2. Further investigation of health care utilization in infant ESKD can help guide the appropriate allocation of resources to support care delivery.

Background: Dialysis in neonates with ESKD is often associated with multiple comorbidities and the need for more intensified dialysis regimens. With recent advances in prenatal interventions and infant-specific KRT, survival of neonates with ESKD has improved over the past decade. Little is known, however, about the impact on the health care system of improved survival in this population. Our primary aim …

Correction: Ron Signalling Promotes Therapeutic Resistance In Esr1 Mutant Breast Cancer, Derek Dustin, Guowei Gu, Amanda R Beyer, Sarah K Herzog, David G Edwards, Hangqing Lin, Thomas L Gonzalez, Sandra L Grimm, Cristian Coarfa, Doug W Chan, Beom-Jun Kim, Jean-Paul De La O, Matthew J Ellis, Dan Liu, Shunqiang Li, Alana L Welm, Suzanne A W Fuqua

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Lac-Phe Induces Hypophagia By Inhibiting Agrp Neurons In Mice, Hailan Liu, Veronica L Li, Qingzhuo Liu, Yao Liu, Cunjin Su, Hueyxian Wong, Na Yin, Hesong Liu, Xing Fang, Kristine M Mcdermott, Hueyzhong Wong, Meng Yu, Longlong Tu, Jonathan C Bean, Yongxiang Li, Mengjie Wang, Yue Deng, Yuhan Shi, Olivia Z Ginnard, Yuxue Yang, Junying Han, Megan E Burt, Sanika V Jossy, Chunmei Wang, Yongjie Yang, Benjamin R Arenkiel, Dong Kong, Yang He, Jonathan Z Long, Yong Xu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Lactate-derived N-lactoyl-phenylalanine (Lac-Phe) was recently identified as an lactate-derived circulating metabolite that reduces feeding and obesity, but mechanisms that underlie the metabolic benefits of Lac-Phe remain unknown. Here we demonstrated that Lac-Phe directly inhibits hypothalamic neurons that express Agouti-related protein (AgRP), resulting in an indirect activation of anorexigenic neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH). We also found that both AgRP inhibition and PVH activation are required to mediate Lac-Phe-induced hypophagia. Further, we show that Lac-Phe inhibits AgRP neurons via activating the ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel, and inhibition of the KATP channel blunts effects of Lac-Phe to suppress …

Effects Of The Kcnq (Kv7) Channel Opener Ezogabine On Resting-State Functional Connectivity Of Striatal Brain Reward Regions, Depression, And Anhedonia In Major Depressive Disorder: Results From A Randomized Controlled Trial, Avijit Chowdhury, Sarah Boukezzi, Sara Costi, Sara Hameed, Yael Jacob, Ramiro Salas, Dan V Iosifescu, Ming-Hu Han, Alan Swann, Sanjay J Mathew, Laurel Morris, James W Murrough

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, with available treatments often showing limited efficacy. Recent research suggests that targeting specific subtypes of depression and understanding the underlying brain mechanisms can improve treatment outcomes. This study investigates the potential of the potassium KCNQ (Kv7) channel opener ezogabine to modulate the resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) of the brain's reward circuitry and alleviate depressive symptoms, including anhedonia, a core feature of MDD.

Methods: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial in individuals with MDD ages 18 to 65 years compared daily dosing with ezogabine (n= 19) with placebo (n …

Transfer Of The Gluteus Maximus And Tensor Fasciae Latae For Irreparable Gluteus Medius Tears Using A Double-Row Suture Anchor Transosseous Equivalent Construct With Allograft Augmentation, David R Maldonado, David Rodriguez-Quintana, Alfred Mansour

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Gluteus medius (GM) tears are a well-established source of pain and disability, particularly in women older than 60 years of age. Irreparable GM tears represent a challenging situation. Transfer of the gluteus maximus (Gmax) and tensor fascia lata (TFL) has been described as a surgical alternative for irreparable full-thickness GM tears. Contemporary suture anchor fixation technology using transosseous-equivalent fixation in combination with dermal allograft augmentation is an option to increase the contact area and reinforce the Gmax and TFL transfer construct. The following Technical Note presents our preferred and current technique for Gmax and TFL transfer using contemporary suture anchor …

Accuracy Of Femoral Head Center Reconstruction Using A Straight Cementless Rectangular Stem: An In-Silico Study Comparing Elderly And Middle-Aged Patients, Hidde D Veldman, Ide C Heyligers, Philip C Noble, Tim A E J Boymans

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Accurate reconstruction of the femoral head center (FHC) is essential for restoring hip biomechanics in total hip arthroplasty (THA). Previously described age-related morphological changes-such as canal widening and a mediocaudal FHC shift-may complicate anatomical reconstruction in all age-categories using a single non-modular cementless stem. This study assessed the capacity of such implant to achieve adequate FHC reconstruction across age groups and sexes.

Methods: Virtual implantation of a non-modular cementless stem (SL-PLUS™) was performed in CT-based 3D reconstructions of 148 femora from middle-aged (< 80 years) and very elderly (≥80 years) subjects. For each case, the optimal implant size, type (standard or lateral), and modular head (-4 mm, 0 mm or +4 mm) were selected. FHC deviation was measured in three dimensions; reconstructions were considered adequate if < 5 mm in all directions.

Results: Overall, 92.4 % of reconstructions were considered adequate. No significant differences in reconstruction accuracy could …

Carotenoids As Neuroprotective Agents In Multiple Sclerosis: Pathways, Mechanisms, And Clinical Prospects, Elham Nadimi, Shirin Jamal Omidi, Mahshad Ghasemi, Mohammad Hashem Hashempur, Aida Iraji

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune andneurodegenerative disorder affecting the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by demyelination and neuroinflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and immune dysregulation. The global incidence of MS is rising, demonstrating the necessity for new therapeutic agents against its complex pathophysiology. Carotenoids, naturally pigments with strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective activities, have been recognized as promising candidates to target MS.The antioxidant effect of astaxanthin, lycopene, β-carotene, crocin, and lutein resulted from the deactivation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), preservation of mitochondrial integrity, and prevention of lipid peroxidation. Additionally, carotenoids regulate inflammatory pathways by suppressing NF-κB activation, …

Hypoperfusion Intensity Ratio Is Associated With Follow-Up Infarct Volume In Medium Vessel Occlusions: A Multicenter Multinational Study, Vivek Yedavalli, Hamza Adel Salim, Dhairya Lakhani, Basel Musmar, Nimer Adeeb, Davide Simonato, Yan-Lin Li, Orabi Hajjeh, Muhammed Amir Essibayi, Nils Henninger, Sri Hari Sundararajan, Anna Luisa Kühn, Jane Khalife, Sherief Ghozy, Luca Scarcia, Leonard Ll Yeo, Benjamin Yq Tan, Robert W Regenhardt, Jeremy J Heit, Aymeric Rouchaud, Jens Fiehler, Sunil Sheth, Ajit S Puri, Christian Dyzmann, Marco Colasurdo, Leonardo Renieri, João Pedro Filipe, Pablo Harker, Răzvan Alexandru Radu, Mohamad Abdalkader, Piers Klein, Takahiro Ota, Ashkan Mowla, Kareem El Naamani, Pascal Jabbour, Arundhati Biswas, Frédéric Clarençon, James E Siegler, Thanh N Nguyen, Ricardo Varela, Amanda Baker, David Altschul, Nestor R Gonzalez, Markus A Möhlenbruch, Vincent Costalat, Benjamin Gory, Christian Paul Stracke, Constantin Hecker, Gaultier Marnat, Hamza Shaikh, Christoph J Griessenauer, David S Liebeskind, Alessandro Pedicelli, Andrea M Alexandre, Tobias D Faizy, Illario Tancredi, Erwah Kalsoum, Boris Lubicz, Aman B Patel, Maurizio Fuschi, Max Wintermark, Adrien Guenego, Adam A Dmytriw

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Medium vessel occlusion (MeVO) contributes significantly to acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The hypoperfusion intensity ratio (HIR), reflecting collateral circulation via the ratio of Tmax >10s to Tmax >6s volumes, predicts infarct progression in large-vessel occlusions but is unstudied in MeVOs. In this multicenter, multinational retrospective study, we evaluated consecutive patients with MeVO who underwent mechanical thrombectomy with or without intravenous thrombolysis. Inclusion required available follow-up imaging and pretreatment CT perfusion. Follow-up infarct volume (FIV) was measured on CT or MRI 12-36 h post-procedure. Univariable and multivariable linear regression models were used to identify predictors of FIV, with HIR as the …

Bipolar Spinal Correction Reduces Transfusion Rate And Hospital Stay Compared With Traditional Posterior Spinal Fusion In Children With Scoliosis Secondary To Cerebral Palsy, Kristopher Lundine, Matthias Lu, Timothy C Borden, Samuel Yoon, Mia Percival, Michael B Johnson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Patients with neuromuscular scoliosis due to Cerebral Palsy (CP) are complex due to their curve severity and associated medical comorbidities. Spinal fusion is associated with high risk of peri-operative complications and large blood loss requiring allogenic red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. In June 2017, our tertiary paediatric institution implemented a new minimally-invasive approach for the treatment of neuromuscular scoliosis, Bipolar Spinal Correction (Bipolar), a technique first published by Miladi et al. in 2018. This study represents an analysis of the initial experience of this technique to see if it achieves the goal of minimally invasive surgery by decreasing surgical …

Irf6 Regulates Adherens Junction Proteins And Inflammatory Cytokines In Salivary Acinar Cells And Its Expression Is Elevated In Sjӧgren’S Syndrome, Vi Pham, Antonio Hernandes Chaves Neto, Julia Zheng, Mary Elmeniawi, Krishna Kumar Kookal, Muhammad F Walji, Mary C Farach-Carson, Walid D Fakhouri

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of Interferon Regulatory Factor 6 (IRF6) function in regulating adherens junction proteins and inflammatory cytokines in human salivary acinar cells and Sjögren's syndrome biopsies.

Design: We used mouse model, salivary cell lines, and human salivary gland (SG) biopsies to investigate IRF6 function in SG cellular integrity and immunomodulation.

Results: In Irf6-null mice, we observed myoepithelial cell detachment from acinar cells of major SGs, and the acini were remarkably disorganized compared to wild-type littermates. At the molecular level, the acinar differentiation markers E-cadherin and MIST1 were markedly reduced in Irf6-null embryonic SG, while the proinflammatory cytokines, …

A Comparison Of Return To Sport After Bankart Repair Versus Latarjet For Shoulder Instability: A Systematic Review, Claire E Noyes, Grace E Johnston, Nicholas Vaver, Patrick M Garvin, Jonathan T Bravman, James W Genuario, Braden K Mayer, Thomas J Noonan, Carson Keeter, Eric C Mccarty

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Glenohumeral instability can be addressed surgically with repair of the capsulolabral complex, the "Bankart" repair, or bone augmentation with coracoid autograft, the "Latarjet" procedure. Superior return-to-sport (RTS) rates with either Bankart repair or Latarjet have yet to be delineated, and it remains unclear which surgical procedure is optimal.

Purpose: To review the current literature and report on RTS data for patients who received Bankart repair or Latarjet to address glenohumeral instability.

Study design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines …

Feasibility And Usage Of A Virtual Assistant Device In Cognitively Impaired Homebound Older Adults, Matthew Nunez, Prisha Patel, Lindsey Ulin, Leslie Kian, Martin Cominsky, Jason Burnett, Jessica L Lee

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Social technology in older adults can improve self-rated health; however, there can also be difficulties using it. Our study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptance of virtual assistant device (VAD) use in cognitively impaired homebound older adults. 52 newly referred Meals on Wheels clients aged 60 and older were recruited for a three-phase study: 6 weeks of meals alone (control), followed by 6 weeks of meals+Alexa Echo Show 8 (AES8) basic usage, and lastly 6 weeks of meals+AES8 advanced usage. Technology acceptance with the AES8 was significantly higher by the end of the study and participants anecdotally enjoyed playing …

Venous Thromboembolism In Obese Hormonal Contraceptive Users: A Large National Database Study, Divyaswathi Citla-Sridhar, Madhvi Rajpurkar, Lakshmi Srivaths, Bethany Samuelson Bannow, Rachel P Rosovsky, Nancy Sokkary

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among obese and nonobese females aged 10 to 44 years prescribed hormonal therapy (HT) and compare VTE rates between different HT types in a large national database.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using TriNETX data, which includes electronic health records and pharmaceutical claims from 81 million patients across 56 US tertiary care hospitals. Females prescribed HT between 2000 and 2022 were stratified by body mass index. VTE incidence was identified using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth/Tenth Revision, codes and anticoagulant prescriptions. Propensity score matching controlled for …

Morphometric Analysis Of Spina Bifida After Fetal Repair Shows New Subtypes With Associated Outcomes, L K Mann, S Pandiri, N Agarwal, H Northrup, K S Au, E Grundberg, E P Bergh, M T Austin, R Patel, B Miller, S Zhu, J S Feinberg, D Lai, K Tsao, S A Fletcher, R Papanna

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: The binary classification of spina bifida lesions as myelomeningocele (with sac) or myeloschisis (without sac) belies a spectrum of morphologies. This study aimed to characterize types of spina bifida lesion and correlate them with preoperative presentation and postoperative outcome.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of patients referred for fetal spina bifida who underwent fetoscopic repair between 2020 and 2023 at a single center. We evaluated lesion morphology on high-resolution intraoperative images and videos to categorize lesions based on placode exposure and nerve root stretching. The reproducibility of lesion classification was assessed using the Kappa …

Hyaluronidase-1 Mediates Postprandial Suppression Of Hepatic Gluconeogenesis, Xi Chen, Sophie Dogné, Yanru Deng, Huiqiao Li, Jieyi Meng, Charlise Giang, Jan-Bernd Funcke, Leon G Straub, Michelle Dias, Sundararajah Thevananther, Qiang Tong, Abu Hena Mostafa Kamal, Chandra Shekar R Ambati, Yu'e Liu, Nagireddy Putluri, Xia Gao, Miao-Hsueh Chen, Dongyin Guan, Hari Krishna Yalamanchili, Shangang Zhao, Nathalie Caron, Yi Zhu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Hepatic gluconeogenesis is a critical process that generates glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors during fasting to support vital organs like the brain and red blood cells. Postprandially, this process is rapidly suppressed to allow for glucose storage as glycogen and lipids in the liver. Failure to suppress gluconeogenesis after meals leads to elevated postprandial glucose levels, a key feature of type 2 diabetes. This dynamic switch is regulated by insulin and glucagon, but insulin resistance impairs this regulation. In this study, we identified a novel mechanism involving postprandial circulating hyaluronan (HA) and lysosomal hyaluronidase-1 (HYAL1) that suppresses hepatic gluconeogenesis by rewiring …

Stratifying Lung Adenocarcinoma Risk With Multi-Ancestry Polygenic Risk Scores In East Asian Never-Smokers, Batel Blechter, Xiaoyu Wang, Juncheng Dai, Christiana Karsonaki, Jianxin Shi, Kouya Shiraishi, Jiyeon Choi, Keitaro Matsuo, Tzu-Yu Chen, Rayjean J Hung, Kexin Chen, Xiao-Ou Shu, Young Tae Kim, Parichoy Pal Choudhury, Jacob Williams, Maria Teresa Landi, Dongxin Lin, Wei Zheng, Zhihua Yin, Baosen Zhou, Jiucun Wang, Wei Jie Seow, Lei Song, I-Shou Chang, Wei Hu, Li-Hsin Chien, Qiuyin Cai, Yun-Chul Hong, Hee Nam Kim, Yi-Long Wu, Maria Pik Wong, Brian Douglas Richardson, Shilan Li, Tongwu Zhang, Charles Breeze, Zhaoming Wang, Bryan A Bassig, Jin Hee Kim, Demetrius Albanes, Jason Yy Wong Sm, Min-Ho Shin, Lap Ping Chung, Yang Yang, Hong Zheng, Hongji Dai, Yasushi Yatabe, Xu-Chao Zhang, Young-Chul Kim, Neil E Caporaso, Jiang Chang, James Chung Man Ho, Yataro Daigo, Yukihide Momozawa, Yoichiro Kamatani, Masashi Kobayashi, Kenichi Okubo, Takayuki Honda, H Dean Hosgood, Hideo Kunitoh, Shun-Ichi Watanabe, Yohei Miyagi, Shingo Matsumoto, Hidehito Horinouchi, Masahiro Tsuboi, Ryuji Hamamoto, Koichi Goto, Atsushi Takahashi, Akiteru Goto, Yoshihiro Minamiya, Megumi Hara, Yuichiro Nishida, Kenji Takeuchi, Kenji Wakai, Koichi Matsuda, Yoshinori Murakami, Kimihiro Shimizu, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Motonobu Saito, Yoichi Ohtaki, Kazumi Tanaka, Tangchun Wu, Fusheng Wei, Mitchell J Machiela, Yeul Hong Kim, In-Jae Oh, Victor Ho Fun Lee, Gee-Chen Chang, Kuan-Yu Chen, Wu-Chou Su, Yuh-Min Chen, Adeline Seow, Jae Yong Park, Sun-Seog Kweon, Yu-Tang Gao, Jianjun Liu, Ann G Schwartz, Richard Houlston, Ivan P Gorlov, Xifeng Wu, Ping Yang, Stephen Lam, Adonina Tardon, Chu Chen, Stig E Bojesen, Mattias Johansson, Angela Risch, Heike Bickeböller, Bu-Tian Ji, H-Erich Wichmann, David C Christiani, Gad Rennert, Susanne M Arnold, Paul Brennan, James Mckay, John K Field, Michael P A Davies, Sanjay S Shete, Loïc Le Marchand, Geoffrey Liu, Angeline S Andrew, Lambertus A Kiemeney, Shan Zienolddiny-Narui, Kjell Grankvist, Angela Cox, Fiona Taylor, Jian-Min Yuan, Philip Lazarus, Matthew B Schabath, Melinda C Aldrich, Hyo-Sung Jeon, Shih Sheng Jiang, Chung-Hsing Chen, Chin-Fu Hsiao, Zhibin Hu, Laura Burdett, Meredith Yeager, Amy Hutchinson, Belynda Hicks, Jia Liu, Sonja I Berndt, Wei Wu, Junwen Wang, Yuqing Li, Jin Eun Choi, Kyong Hwa Park, Sook Whan Sung, Chang Hyun Kang, Wen-Chang Wang, Jun Xu, Peng Guan, Wen Tan, Chong-Jen Yu, Gong Yang, Alan Dart Loon Sihoe, Yi Young Choi, In Kyu Park, Hsiao-Han Hung, Roel C H Vermeulen, Iona Cheng, Junjie Wu, Fang-Yu Tsai, John K C Chan, Jihua Li, Hsien-Chih Lin, Jie Liu, Bao Song, Norie Sawada, Taiki Yamaji, Kathleen Wyatt, Hongxia Ma, Meng Zhu, Yifan Wang, Tianchen Qi, Xuelian Li, Yangwu Ren, Ann Chao, Motoki Iwasaki, Junjie Zhu, Guoping Wu, Chih-Yi Chen, Chien-Jen Chen Scd, Pan-Chyr Yang, Victoria L Stevens, Joseph F Fraumeni, Kuang Lin, Robin G Walters, Zhengming Chen, Nilanjan Chatterjee, Olga Y Gorlova, Christopher I Amos, Hongbing Shen, Chao Agnes Hsiung, Stephen J Chanock, Nathaniel Rothman, Takashi Kohno, Qing Lan, Haoyu Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) in never-smokers is a major public health burden, especially among East Asian women. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) are promising for risk stratification but are primarily developed in European-ancestry populations. We aimed to develop and validate single- and multi-ancestry PRSs for East Asian never-smokers to improve LUAD risk prediction.

Methods: PRSs were developed using genome-wide association study summary statistics from East Asian (8,002 cases; 20,782 controls) and European (2,058 cases; 5,575 controls) populations. Single-ancestry models included PRS-25, PRS-CT, and LDpred2; multi-ancestry models included LDpred2+PRS-EUR128, PRS-CSx, and CT-SLEB. Performance was evaluated in independent East Asian data from the …

Transdiagnostic Correlates Of Family Accommodation In Anxious Youth, Whitney S Shepherd, Erika S Trent, Orri Smarason, Hannah N Sansone, Daphne M Ayton, Amanda Palo, Abigail E Candelari, Wayne K Goodman, Andrew G Guzick, Eric A Storch

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Anxiety disorders are common in children and cause significant impairment. Family accommodation, which refers to behavioral changes that family members make to temporarily alleviate a child’s anxiety, has been linked to child anxiety symptom severity. Although emotional vulnerabilities for anxiety such as emotion dysregulation, anxiety sensitivity, and distress intolerance have been associated with family accommodation, research concerning the relationship between these constructs among anxious youth is limited. We hypothesized that these variables would be uniquely and positively associated with family accommodation and would moderate the relationship between anxiety symptom severity and family accommodation. Treatment-seeking child–parent dyads (N = 90; …

Aging Affects Lipid Homeostasis In Lacrimal Glands By Upregulating Lipogenesis And Changing Its Specificity, Seher Yuksel, Prashant Kumar, Sydney E Krenz, Kaitlin K Scholand, Zhiyuan Yu, Anastasiia Ivanova, Helen P Makarenkova, Sarah F Hamm-Alvarez, Igor A Butovich, Cintia S De Paiva

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose: The lacrimal gland (LG) develops age-related alterations. This study investigated the lipid content of the accumulated secretions within the murine aged LG.

Methods: C57BL/6J animals of different ages (3 months, 12 months, and 20-26 months) were used. Published data of bulk RNA sequencing of aged LGs were used to investigate lipid pathways. Exorbital LGs were excised for histology or PCR. Histologic sections were stained with standard histochemical stains or immunostained using anti-adiponectin, anti-perilipin 2 antibodies, and BODIPY dye. LG lipidomes were investigated using unbiased, untargeted high-resolution liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), and the data were processed using unbiased, untargeted principal …

A Narrative Review Of The Ileal Pouch In Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease And Familial Adenomatous Polyposis, Anitta Philip, Allyson Wyatt, Jose R Rodriguez, Brad Pasternak, Lisa Mcmahon, Kalyani Patel, Richard Kellermayer

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis is a surgical intervention in patients with medically refractory inflammatory bowel disease and familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome. Reported outcomes in children have been limited by both the retrospective nature and sample size of the investigations. In addition, there is a lack of consensus on surveillance guidelines in this patient population. Delay or lack of surveillance may increase the risk of complications (pouchitis, Crohn's disease-like inflammation, dysplasia, etc.). This narrative review aims to summarize the most recent literature (2013-2023) on short-term, long-term, and quality of life (QoL) outcomes in pediatric ileal pouch (J-pouch) patients. A proposed surveillance guidance …

Functional Importance Of Bile Acid-Fxr Signaling In Neonatal Immunity And Disease, Douglas G Burrin, Greg Guthrie, Caitlin Vonderohe

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Shrimp Allergy-Distinct Allergen Sensitization Profiles Between Intercontinental Cohorts, Shaymaviswanathan Karnaneedi, Sara Anvari, Shea Brunner, Karen S Tuano, Brenda Bin Su, Saachi Hira, Sahel Heidari, Diamond Hira, Carla M Davis, Andreas L Lopata

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Effective Enforcement Of Laws Prohibiting Underage Tobacco Product Sale Is Needed, Harold J Farber

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.