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Articles 271 - 300 of 1190
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Exploring Pedagogic And Practical Intersections Of Academic Writing Support For Students In Higher Education, Maria-Jose Gonzalez, Roisin Donnelly
Exploring Pedagogic And Practical Intersections Of Academic Writing Support For Students In Higher Education, Maria-Jose Gonzalez, Roisin Donnelly
Articles
This case study explores undergraduate and postgraduate student perceptions of the nature and effectiveness of academic writing provision and practice in a university in Ireland. Its focus isthe Academic Writing Centre (AWC), a university-wide initiative to support all students. It discusses students’ perceptions as to the academic writing support provided at the AWC and students’ preferred writing strategies. The research design used a qualitative approach to gather data on students’ perceptions of the academic writing support received at one-to-one consultations. Data was gathered via a student survey (n=21) sent to all students who avail of the AWC’s one-to-one support. Findings …
Investigating How Speech And Animation Realism Influence The Perceived Personality Of Virtual Characters And Agents, Sean A. Thomas, Ylva Ferstl, Rachel Mcdonnell, Cathy Ennis
Investigating How Speech And Animation Realism Influence The Perceived Personality Of Virtual Characters And Agents, Sean A. Thomas, Ylva Ferstl, Rachel Mcdonnell, Cathy Ennis
Articles
The portrayed personality of virtual characters and agents is understood to influence how we perceive and engage with digital applications. Understanding how the features of speech and animation drive portrayed personality allows us to intentionally design characters to be more personalized and engaging. In this study, we use performance capture data of unscripted conversations from a variety of actors to explore the perceptual outcomes associated with the modalities of speech and motion. Specifically, we contrast full performance-driven characters to those portrayed by generated gestures and synthesized speech, analysing how the features of each influence portrayed personality according to the Big …
Probing With Noise: Unpicking The Warp And Weft Of Taxonomic And Thematic Meaning Representations In Static And Contextual Embeddings, Filip Klubička
Probing With Noise: Unpicking The Warp And Weft Of Taxonomic And Thematic Meaning Representations In Static And Contextual Embeddings, Filip Klubička
Doctoral
The semantic relatedness of words has two key dimensions: it can be based on taxonomic information or thematic, co-occurrence-based information. These are captured by different language resources—taxonomies and natural corpora—from which we can build different computational meaning representations that are able to reflect these relationships. Vector representations are arguably the most popular meaning representations in NLP, encoding information in a shared multidimensional semantic space and allowing for distances between points to reflect relatedness between items that populate the space. Improving our understanding of how different types of linguistic information are encoded in vector space can provide valuable insights to the …
Human Mental Workload: A Survey And A Novel Inclusive Definition, Luca Longo, Christopher D. Wickens, Gabriella Hancock, P.A. Hancock
Human Mental Workload: A Survey And A Novel Inclusive Definition, Luca Longo, Christopher D. Wickens, Gabriella Hancock, P.A. Hancock
Articles
Human mental workload is arguably the most invoked multidimensional construct in Human Factors and Ergonomics, getting momentum also in Neuroscience and Neuroergonomics. Uncertainties exist in its characterization, motivating the design and development of computational models, thus recently and actively receiving support from the discipline of Computer Science. However, its role in human performance prediction is assured. This work is aimed at providing a synthesis of the current state of the art in human mental workload assessment through considerations, definitions, measurement techniques as well as applications, Findings suggest that, despite an increasing number of associated research works, a single, reliable and …
A Framework Of Web-Based Dark Patterns That Can Be Detected Manually Or Automatically, Ioannis Stavrakakis, Andrea Curley, Dympna O'Sullivan, Damian Gordon, Brendan Tierney
A Framework Of Web-Based Dark Patterns That Can Be Detected Manually Or Automatically, Ioannis Stavrakakis, Andrea Curley, Dympna O'Sullivan, Damian Gordon, Brendan Tierney
Articles
This research explores the design and development of a framework for the detection of Dark Patterns, which are a series of user interface tricks that manipulate users into actions that they do not intend to do, for example, share more data than they want to, or spend more money than they plan to. The interface does this using either deception or other psychological nudges. User Interface experts have categorized a number of these tricks that are commonly used and have called them Dark Patterns. They are typically varied in their form and what they do, and the goal of this …
"This Wizard Of The Cooking Stove": How P.G. Wodehouse Contributed To The Field Of Gastronomy Through Anatole, The French Chef, In The Jeeves-And-Wooster Series, Elizabeth Wilson, Anke Klitzing
"This Wizard Of The Cooking Stove": How P.G. Wodehouse Contributed To The Field Of Gastronomy Through Anatole, The French Chef, In The Jeeves-And-Wooster Series, Elizabeth Wilson, Anke Klitzing
European Journal of Food Drink and Society
Priscilla Parkhurst Ferguson’s premise that Balzac, a realist fiction author, contributed to the cultural field of gastronomy by his ethnographically accurate depictions of restaurants in mid-nineteenth-century Paris, prompts asking whether this may be true for other fiction authors that painstakingly reflect the foodways of their time and place, such as English author P.G. Wodehouse through his character, the French chef Anatole, in the Jeeves-and-Wooster series. Thematic analysis found three gastronomic themes surrounding Anatole that could be confirmed as historically accurate. The highly-skilled chef employed in the country houses of the Edwardian upper class possessed cultural capital through his professional capabilities …
Food, Comfort And Community: Media Coverage Of Last Meals For The Dying, Tina Sikka
Food, Comfort And Community: Media Coverage Of Last Meals For The Dying, Tina Sikka
European Journal of Food Drink and Society
This article examines the media coverage of food in the context of community-based end of life rituals and death meals that are increasingly being observed by those undergoing a medically assisted death (medical assistance in dying: MAID). I employ a reconstituted form of media analysis that aims to identify and unpack the socio-cultural themes, values, and assumptions that underpin these food events. These include the central frame of plenty, community/family, personality, comfort, and gender. My objective is to provoke a discussion about how media coverage acts as a site from which to understand the significance of food in the context …
Notions Of Explainability And Evaluation Approaches For Explainable Artificial Intelligence, Giulia Vilone, Luca Longo
Notions Of Explainability And Evaluation Approaches For Explainable Artificial Intelligence, Giulia Vilone, Luca Longo
Articles
Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has experienced a significant growth over the last few years. This is due to the widespread application of machine learning, particularly deep learning, that has led to the development of highly accurate models that lack explainability and interpretability. A plethora of methods to tackle this problem have been proposed, developed and tested, coupled with several studies attempting to define the concept of explainability and its evaluation. This systematic review contributes to the body of knowledge by clustering all the scientific studies via a hierarchical system that classifies theories and notions related to the concept of explainability …
Audio Representations For Deep Learning In Sound Synthesis: A Review, Anastasia Natsiou, Sean O'Leary
Audio Representations For Deep Learning In Sound Synthesis: A Review, Anastasia Natsiou, Sean O'Leary
Articles
The rise of deep learning algorithms has led many researchers to withdraw from using classic signal processing methods for sound generation. Deep learning models have achieved expressive voice synthesis, realistic sound textures, and musical notes from virtual instruments. However, the most suitable deep learning architecture is still under investigation. The choice of architecture is tightly coupled to the audio representations. A sound’s original waveform can be too dense and rich for deep learning models to deal with efficiently - and complexity increases training time and computational cost. Also, it does not represent sound in the manner in which it is …
Experience Dimensions Of Religious Festivals: Religion And Spirituality At Paryaya, Udupi, India, Senthilkumaran Piramanayagam, Partho Pratim Seal
Experience Dimensions Of Religious Festivals: Religion And Spirituality At Paryaya, Udupi, India, Senthilkumaran Piramanayagam, Partho Pratim Seal
International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage
Festivals and events have been found to be an important motivation for travel, and are a significant component in a destination offering. All religious festivals, irrespective of religion and tradition, aim to develop spirituality. Experience is the core of festivals and events, and the experience is multifaceted. This research aims to analyse the impact of various experience dimensions of religious festivals on participants’ overall festival experience and behavioural intention at a biennial festival called ‘Paryaya’ held at Udupi, India, using the concept of the experience economy. The researchers have adopted a quantitative research approach for the study. The result obtained …
Provenance: An Intermediary-Free Solution For Digital Content Verification, Bilal Yousuf, M. Atif Qureshi, Brendan Spillane, Gary Munnelly, Oisin Carroll, Matthew Runswick, Kirsty Park, Eileen Culloty, Owen Conlan, Jane Suiter
Provenance: An Intermediary-Free Solution For Digital Content Verification, Bilal Yousuf, M. Atif Qureshi, Brendan Spillane, Gary Munnelly, Oisin Carroll, Matthew Runswick, Kirsty Park, Eileen Culloty, Owen Conlan, Jane Suiter
Articles
The threat posed by misinformation and disinformation is one of the defining challenges of the 21st century. Provenance is designed to help combat this threat by warning users when the content they are looking at may be misinformation or disinformation. It is also designed to improve media literacy among its users and ultimately reduce susceptibility to the threat among vulnerable groups within society. The Provenance browser plugin checks the content that users see on the Internet and social media and provides warnings in their browser or social media feed. Unlike similar plugins, which require human experts to provide evaluations and …
Formulating Automated Responses To Cognitive Distortions For Cbt Interactions, Ignacio De Toledo, Giancarlo Salton, Robert J. Ross
Formulating Automated Responses To Cognitive Distortions For Cbt Interactions, Ignacio De Toledo, Giancarlo Salton, Robert J. Ross
Conference papers
One of the key ideas of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is the ability to convert negative or distorted thoughts into more realistic alternatives. Although modern machine learning techniques can be successfully applied to a variety of Natural Language Processing tasks, including Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, the lack of a publicly available dataset makes supervised training difficult for tasks such as reforming distorted thoughts. In this research, we constructed a small CBT dataset via crowd-sourcing, and leveraged state of the art pre-trained architectures to transform cognitive distortions, producing text that is relevant and more positive than the original negative thoughts. In particular, …
Handouts Don’T Exist. Hustle Or You Don’T Eat., Conor Mcgarrigle Dr.
Handouts Don’T Exist. Hustle Or You Don’T Eat., Conor Mcgarrigle Dr.
Articles
It is well established that AI has a bias problem; however, black-boxed machine learning systems render it difficult to even understand and visualize the nature and extent of the problem, let alone find solutions. This paper discusses an artistic research approach toward highlighting AI bias and explores the aesthetic potential of machine learning through a case study of an AI artwork called #RiseandGrind.The artist trained a recurrent neural network on a dataset extracted from Twitter hashtags (#Riseandgrind and #Hustle),which were selected to represent a specific filter bubble (embodied neoliberal precarity) in order to produce a biased AI that generates tweets …
Exploring The Personality Of Virtual Tutors In Conversational Foreign Language Practice, Johanna Dobbriner, Cathy Ennis, Robert J. Ross
Exploring The Personality Of Virtual Tutors In Conversational Foreign Language Practice, Johanna Dobbriner, Cathy Ennis, Robert J. Ross
Conference papers
Fluid interaction between virtual agents and humans requires the understanding of many issues of conversational pragmatics. One such issue is the interaction between communication strategy and personality. As a step towards developing models of personality driven pragmatics policies, in this paper, we present our initial experiment to explore differences in user interaction with two contrasting avatar personalities. Each user saw a single personality in a video-call setting and gave feedback on the interaction. Our expectations, that a more extroverted outgoing positive personality would be a more successful tutor, were only partially confirmed. While this personality did induce longer conversations in …
‘Gilded Gravel In The Bowl’: Ireland’S Cuisine And Culinary Heritage In The Poetry Of Seamus Heaney, Anke Klitzing
‘Gilded Gravel In The Bowl’: Ireland’S Cuisine And Culinary Heritage In The Poetry Of Seamus Heaney, Anke Klitzing
Articles
Seamus Heaney’s poetry is rich in detail about agricultural and food practices in his native Northern Ireland from the 1950s onwards, such as cattle-trading, butter-churning, eel-fishing, blackberry-picking or home-baking. Often studied from an ecocritical perspective, the abundance of agricultural and culinary scenes in Heaney’s work makes a gastrocritical focus on food and foodways suitable. Food has been recognized as a highly condensed social fact, and writers have long tapped into its multi-layered meanings to illuminate socio-cultural circumstances, making literature a valuable ethnographic source. A gastrocritical reading of Heaney’s work from 1966 to 2010, drawing on Rozin’s Structure of Cuisine, shows …
Finding Bert’S Idiomatic Key, Vasudevan Nedumpozhimana, John Kelleher
Finding Bert’S Idiomatic Key, Vasudevan Nedumpozhimana, John Kelleher
Conference papers
Sentence embeddings encode information relating to the usage of idioms in a sentence. This paper reports a set of experiments that combine a probing methodology with input masking to analyse where in a sentence this idiomatic information is taken from, and what form it takes. Our results indicate that BERT’s idiomatic key is primarily found within an idiomatic expression, but also draws on information from the surrounding context. Also, BERT can distinguish between the disruption in a sentence caused by words missing and the incongruity caused by idiomatic usage.
Classification Of Explainable Artificial Intelligence Methods Through Their Output Formats, Giulia Vilone, Luca Longo
Classification Of Explainable Artificial Intelligence Methods Through Their Output Formats, Giulia Vilone, Luca Longo
Articles
Machine and deep learning have proven their utility to generate data-driven models with high accuracy and precision. However, their non-linear, complex structures are often difficult to interpret. Consequently, many scholars have developed a plethora of methods to explain their functioning and the logic of their inferences. This systematic review aimed to organise these methods into a hierarchical classification system that builds upon and extends existing taxonomies by adding a significant dimension—the output formats. The reviewed scientific papers were retrieved by conducting an initial search on Google Scholar with the keywords “explainable artificial intelligence”; “explainable machine learning”; and “interpretable machine learning”. …
James Mahony (C.1816-1859): The Illustrated London News, Niamh Ann Kelly
James Mahony (C.1816-1859): The Illustrated London News, Niamh Ann Kelly
Books/Book Chapters
No abstract provided.
Food And The Irish Short Story Imagination, Anke Klitzing
Food And The Irish Short Story Imagination, Anke Klitzing
Articles
Short fiction is a format heartily embraced by the Irish literary imagination since the nineteenth century. This paper takes a gastrocritical approach to investigate the role of food in selected stories from the recently published anthology The Art of the Glimpse (2020). It shows that through the years, food and foodways have been valuable tools for Irish writers, providing setting and context, themes and symbols, plot points, conflicts, characterisation, as well as the quintessential epiphanies.
What Underpins Good Child-Centred Practices In Children’S Social Services?, Carol Mcloughlin, Deirdre Connolly, Shauna Mccarthy, Linda Weir, Niamh O'Rourke, Rachel Flynn
What Underpins Good Child-Centred Practices In Children’S Social Services?, Carol Mcloughlin, Deirdre Connolly, Shauna Mccarthy, Linda Weir, Niamh O'Rourke, Rachel Flynn
Journal of Social Care
The children who engage with children’s social services are some of those who are at most risk of harm and abuse in society (Health Information and Quality Authority, 2012). The aim of the study was to identify what underpins good child-centred practice in children’s social services. This study was conducted to inform the development of National Standards for Children's Social Services. The Health Information and Quality Authority (HIQA) undertook a public scoping consultation to consult with people who have experience of children’s social services. Also a literature review was conducted as part of a review and synthesis of literature and …
Ghana's Public Diplomacy Under Kwame Nkrumah, Isaac Antwi-Boasiako
Ghana's Public Diplomacy Under Kwame Nkrumah, Isaac Antwi-Boasiako
Conference Papers
The concept of public diplomacy is one of the trending approaches in modern international relations and diplomacy. Communicating and engaging effectively with the foreign public in a particular nation by a government to achieve its foreign policy objective is every government’s goal. The field of public diplomacy as an academic discipline in Ghana in particular and Africa has not received much attention compared to the Western World. This article attempts to bridge this gap by opening Ghana’s public diplomacy to academic scrutiny that has, as yet, been underdeveloped. This paper’s principal objective is to bring to light the public diplomacy …
Extending Instantaneous De-Mixing Algorithms To Anechoic Mixtures, Swarnadeep Bagchi, Ruairí De Fréin
Extending Instantaneous De-Mixing Algorithms To Anechoic Mixtures, Swarnadeep Bagchi, Ruairí De Fréin
Conference papers
The AdRess algorithm separates sources that are mixed using stereo, pan-mixing in a computationally efficient way. Pan-mixing gives the sources a location in the stereo field by introducing a relative attenuation between the versions of the sources that appear on each channel. AdRess achieves separation by constructing only a frequency-attenuation matrix. We introduce a new algorithm called Delayed-AdRess (D-AdRess), where, in addition to the frequency-attenuation matrix, two other matrices namely, frequency-delay and time-delay are used to separate sources from anechoic mixtures. By anechoic mixtures, we mean mixing scenarios where both attenuation and delays are experienced by the source signals.
Is Twitter A Bad Place? The Responsibility That Social Media May Have Had In The 2021 Storming Of Capitol Hill., Ioannis Stavrakakis, Damian Gordon, Dympna O'Sullivan, Andrea Curley
Is Twitter A Bad Place? The Responsibility That Social Media May Have Had In The 2021 Storming Of Capitol Hill., Ioannis Stavrakakis, Damian Gordon, Dympna O'Sullivan, Andrea Curley
Conference papers
The events of 6 th January 2021 in the United States of America, where rioters stormed the heart of their democracy, the US Capitol Complex (which houses their bicameral parliament) were shocking to see. The reasons for this riot were myriad, including to protest the outcomes of the presidential elections and two senate elections, as well as to prevent the counting that day of the electoral votes that formally certify the election result. These events will be analysed and reflected upon for years to come, and blame will be placed at many people’s doors, and inevitability one that has already …
Check Your Tech, Whose Responsibility Is It When Cyberharassment Occurs?, Dympna O'Sullivan, Damian Gordon, Michael Collins, Emma Murphy
Check Your Tech, Whose Responsibility Is It When Cyberharassment Occurs?, Dympna O'Sullivan, Damian Gordon, Michael Collins, Emma Murphy
Conference papers
Social media has become a dominant aspect of many people’s lives in many countries. Unfortunately that resulted in widespread issues of bullying and harassment. While frequently this harrassment is intentional, there have been occasions where automated processes have been inadvertently responsible for this sort of harassment. The software tools that allow people to harass others could have further features added to them to reduce the amount of harassment that occurs, but more often than not, where programmers are developing these systems then don’t anticipate the range of ways that these technologies will be used (this is called “consequence scanning”). The …
Why Parents Chose To Send Their Children To Irish-Medium Immersion Preschools: Learning From Parental Choice Strategies In Celtic Countries, Maire Mhic Mhathuna, Fiona Nic Fhionnlaoich
Why Parents Chose To Send Their Children To Irish-Medium Immersion Preschools: Learning From Parental Choice Strategies In Celtic Countries, Maire Mhic Mhathuna, Fiona Nic Fhionnlaoich
Articles
This study investigated the reasons Irish parents chose to send their children to Irish-medium preschools settings over other forms of early childhood education. The international literature on parental decision making regarding childcare and relevant studies on immersion education in Celtic countries were reviewed. A parental questionnaire, informed by this literature, was distributed through selected immersion settings in Ireland. Social and cognitive development were the main reasons parents cited in regard to early childhood education and an interest in the Irish language and bilingualism along with the good reputation of the immersion preschool were the reasons they chose immersion preschooling. Comparisons …
Proposing A Model For Religious Tourism Development: Evidence From Iran, Fatemeh Shekari, Zahra Moaven, Ali Asghar Mobasheri, Moslem Bagheri, Mehrdad Kiani, Ardeshir Bagheri
Proposing A Model For Religious Tourism Development: Evidence From Iran, Fatemeh Shekari, Zahra Moaven, Ali Asghar Mobasheri, Moslem Bagheri, Mehrdad Kiani, Ardeshir Bagheri
International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage
This study proposes a model for religious tourism as one of the most promising types of tourism worldwide, by focusing on the conditions of Iran as a potentially popular destination for religious tourism. The study relies on a mixed (qualitative and quantitative) method. The qualitative phase identifies the model dimensions and strategies. To do this, practitioners and experts were interviewed and the data collected were investigated through the thematic analysis method. This process revealed four main dimensions and 18 subsidiary strategies. In the quantitative phase, the dimensions and strategies identified were arranged in a questionnaire and through the survey method, …
Interrupting The Propaganda Supply Chain, Kyle Hamilton, Bojan Bozic, Luc Longo
Interrupting The Propaganda Supply Chain, Kyle Hamilton, Bojan Bozic, Luc Longo
Conference papers
In this early-stage research, a multidisciplinary approach is presented for the detection of propaganda in the media, and for modeling the spread of propaganda and disinformation using semantic web and graph theory. An ontology will be designed which has the theoretical underpinnings from multiple disciplines including the social sciences and epidemiology. An additional objective of this work is to automate triple extraction from unstructured text which surpasses the state-of-the-art performance.
Going Beyond A Pilgrimage: The Feast Day Of Saint George In Lod-Israel, Mustafa Diktaş
Going Beyond A Pilgrimage: The Feast Day Of Saint George In Lod-Israel, Mustafa Diktaş
International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage
Religion and spirituality are common motivations for travel, with many major tourist destinations having developed largely because of their connections to sacred people, places and events. Pilgrimages are one of the most important forms domestic tourism in Israel and the Palestinian Territories. On November 16 of every year, the church of St. George in Lod is filled with hundreds of worshippers who arrive for the Feast of St. George / Khidr, the day commemorating the translation of his relics to the church at the heart of Lod. Pilgrims travel from Nazareth and Bethlehem and as far away as Jordan to …
Examining The Modelling Capabilities Of Defeasible Argumentation And Non-Monotonic Fuzzy Reasoning, Luca Longo, Lucas Rizzo, Pierpaolo Dondio
Examining The Modelling Capabilities Of Defeasible Argumentation And Non-Monotonic Fuzzy Reasoning, Luca Longo, Lucas Rizzo, Pierpaolo Dondio
Articles
Knowledge-representation and reasoning methods have been extensively researched within Artificial Intelligence. Among these, argumentation has emerged as an ideal paradigm for inference under uncertainty with conflicting knowledge. Its value has been predominantly demonstrated via analyses of the topological structure of graphs of arguments and its formal properties. However, limited research exists on the examination and comparison of its inferential capacity in real-world modelling tasks and against other knowledge-representation and non-monotonic reasoning methods. This study is focused on a novel comparison between defeasible argumentation and non-monotonic fuzzy reasoning when applied to the representation of the ill-defined construct of human mental workload …
Home Economics And Food Literacy: An Investigation Into The Factors Influencing The Effective Delivery Of Food Literacy Curricula In Irish Post Primary Schools As Perceived By Key Stakeholders, Aisling Geraghty
Dissertations
In 2018 the new Junior Cycle specification for home economics was introduced. This year also saw the recommendation by the Irish State to make home economics compulsory for all Junior Cycle students. Home economics is a multifaceted, inter disciplinary subject that seeks to empower students with the skills to cultivate reflective, critical decision-making abilities they require to deal with practical perennial problems. Food literacy exists as a key contextual strand to home economics, and to this new Junior Cycle curriculum in particular. This study seeks to identify influences, both positive and negative, that impact on the effective delivery of food …