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Alloying Of Aisi 1008 Steel Surfaces By 10ms Nd: Yag Laser Pulses, Raid A. İsmai̇l
Alloying Of Aisi 1008 Steel Surfaces By 10ms Nd: Yag Laser Pulses, Raid A. İsmai̇l
Turkish Journal of Physics
Hardened surfaces were produced on AISI 1008 steel through a laser surface alloying (LSA) technique. Mixture of pure Boron, Silicon, and Carbon powders of the same grain size were deposited on the substrate. The surface was then melted using pulsed Nd:YAG laser (\tau = 10 ms) at an energy of 12 J. The influence of alloying elements on the microstructure and hardness of treated layer was investigated. Dependending on the alloying elements species, different maximum surface hardness, different maximum depth, and different hardness profile could be obtained. The B+Si alloyed zone exhibited maximum hardness to a nominal alloying depth of …
Infrared Absorption Study Of Potassium-Boro-Vanadate-Iron Glasses, Dinesh K. Kanchan, Harshvadan R. Panchal
Infrared Absorption Study Of Potassium-Boro-Vanadate-Iron Glasses, Dinesh K. Kanchan, Harshvadan R. Panchal
Turkish Journal of Physics
The IR studies have been made in the K_2O-B_2O_3-V_2O_5-Fe_2O_3 glass system. The increase in intensity and shifting of vibrational bands towards lower wave number at 1400-1350 cm^{-1}, 1200 cm^{-1} and 100-940 cm^{-1} in IR spectra have been ascribed to the formation of BO_3 to BO_4 and VO_5 to VO_4 tetrahedra along with the formation of non-bridging oxygens attached to boron and vanadium. In heat-treated glass samples, many new vibrational bands have been observed which were however, absent in the untreated samples. The preservation of the 1020 cm^{-1} band assigned to V=O bond suggests that K_2O shows the preference for borate …
Domain Structures Of Epitaxial Perovskite Ferroelectric Films: Part Ii. Applications, S. Pamir Alpay, Alexander L. Roytburd
Domain Structures Of Epitaxial Perovskite Ferroelectric Films: Part Ii. Applications, S. Pamir Alpay, Alexander L. Roytburd
Turkish Journal of Physics
The use of domain stability maps for epitaxial perovskite ferroelectric films is illustrated with some examples. The equilibrium domain structure and domain fractions as a function of temperature are predicted for PbTiO_3(001) films grown epitaxially on three different substrates: MgO(001), KTaO_3(001), and SrTiO_3(001). Misfit dislocation formation at the growth temperature is found to have a profound effect on both the domain selection and relative domain populations. Theoretical predictions are compared with available experimental data.
Compositional Dependence Of Properties Of Rf-Sputtered Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O Thin Films, Ayhan Güldeste
Compositional Dependence Of Properties Of Rf-Sputtered Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O Thin Films, Ayhan Güldeste
Turkish Journal of Physics
Compositional dependence of superconducting transition temperature (T_c) of Bi_2Sr_{3-x}Ca_xCu_2O_{8+x} thin films grown by rf sputtering on single crystal MgO substrates has been investigated. Films have been assessed by considering their initial composition in terms of (Ca+Sr)/Bi ratio with their atomic concentration normalized to Cu:2. It was found that T_{c-zero} of around 80K is achievable for (Ca+Sr)/Bi ratio between 1.4 and 1.65, while T_{c-onset} remains above 90K. Quenching from high temperature increased T_{c-zero,} but it may result in a deterioration in resistivity due to micro cracks induced by the thermal stress.
Electronic Structure Of Optimized Si_{M}H_{N} Clusters: Mindo3 And Am1 Calculations, Şakir Erkoç, Lemi Türker
Electronic Structure Of Optimized Si_{M}H_{N} Clusters: Mindo3 And Am1 Calculations, Şakir Erkoç, Lemi Türker
Turkish Journal of Physics
We have investigated the electronic structure of optimized hydrogenated silicon microclusters. Si_{m}H_{n} (m=2,3,5,6; n = 4,6) have been investigated. The calculations were performed using both MINDO3 and AM1 semiempirical molecular orbital methods.
A Mean Field Model With Two Order Parameters For Three-Phase Coexistence Near The Tricritical Point, S. Sali̇hoğlu
A Mean Field Model With Two Order Parameters For Three-Phase Coexistence Near The Tricritical Point, S. Sali̇hoğlu
Turkish Journal of Physics
This study gives a mean field model with two order parameters for three-phase coexistence near the multicritical point. The critical exponents calculated from our model are the tricritical exponents for the order parameters, susceptibility and the specific heat. Hence, our mean field model describes adequately the tricritical behaviour of a system in the region of three-phase coexistence.
Numerical Calculation Of Energy Loss Rate For E^+ + E^- \Rightarrow \Nu + \Bar{\Nu} Process, A. Aydemir
Numerical Calculation Of Energy Loss Rate For E^+ + E^- \Rightarrow \Nu + \Bar{\Nu} Process, A. Aydemir
Turkish Journal of Physics
The energy loss rate for pair annihilation is calculated numerically in V-A (Fermi theory) and Weinberg-Salam (Standard theory) theories, taking into account also the variation of density at various temperatures using the results obtained in closed form by Chiu, and Schinder, et al. The calculations made by Chiu, and Salpeter, et al., are seen to be parallel to each other. Dicus has calculated energy loss rate for this process only for a few limiting cases since the integrals can not be taken analytically for all \lambda and \nu. The graph drawn for the values we obtained is compared with the …
The Effect Of Spatially Dependent Screening On The Donor Ionization Energy In A Quantum Wire, B.N. Onwuagba
The Effect Of Spatially Dependent Screening On The Donor Ionization Energy In A Quantum Wire, B.N. Onwuagba
Turkish Journal of Physics
The effect of the spatially dependent screening on the ionization energy of a shallow donor in a 1D quantum well wire made of Ga_{1-x}Al_x/GaAs superlattice is presented. A variational approach is used to obtain ionization energy of the on-centre impurity at the origin of the well and the results obtained are compared with the existing values.
^{19}F Nmr Study Of Flux-Line Dynamics In Fluorinated Yba_2cu_4o_8, Figen Tabak, Mavrizio Corti̇
^{19}F Nmr Study Of Flux-Line Dynamics In Fluorinated Yba_2cu_4o_8, Figen Tabak, Mavrizio Corti̇
Turkish Journal of Physics
Measurements of the ^{19}F NMR linewidth \Delta \nu and spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T_1 have been performed in an oriented powder sample of fluorinated YBa_2Cu_4O_8 at temperatures 4 < T < 300 K and static magnetic fields 0.3 < H_0 < 9.4 T for Hollc. Thermal motion of flux lines was evidenced from the effect on NMR linewidth while 1/T_1 showed the effects due to interaction with Fermi liquid.
Frankfurter Type Sausage Production With Sunflower Oil Substitution, A. Hamdi Ertaş, Gülay Karabaş
Frankfurter Type Sausage Production With Sunflower Oil Substitution, A. Hamdi Ertaş, Gülay Karabaş
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Some quality characteristics of frankfurter type sausages (with 30% total fat) produced by adding sunflower oil at different levels (10%, 20% and 30%) were determined and compared to control with 30% animal fat. Increasing of sunflower oil content resulted in lower process yield. Cholesterol content and water holding capacity of frankfurters also decreased at the levels of sunflower oil from 10 to 30% (P
A Study On The Lipase-Catalayzed Esterification In Organic Solvent, Mustafa Ümit Ünal
A Study On The Lipase-Catalayzed Esterification In Organic Solvent, Mustafa Ümit Ünal
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
This study was undertaken to investigate effect of molecular sieves on the esterification reaction between lauric acid and geraniol in isooctane catalyzed by immobilized lipase in a batch and continuous-loop packed-bed reactor. Molecular sieves were used to reduce the inhibitive effect of water formed during the reaction by removing it as it formed. Results in a batch reactor showed that, for the molecular sieves to have a pronounced effect on the performance of the enzyme, a ratio of at least 2:1 with respect to the weight of the immobilized enzyme must be used. It was also found that the ability …
The Opportunities Of Using Mushroom Compost Waste In Strawberrygrowing, Ahsen Işık Özgüven
The Opportunities Of Using Mushroom Compost Waste In Strawberrygrowing, Ahsen Işık Özgüven
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The aim of this study is to see whether Mushroom compost waste (MCW) can be used as an alternative fertilizers to Farm yard manure (FYM) because the latter is very expensive in Strawberry growing. Experiment was carried out with frigo plants of Douglas cv. in summer planting system. In this experiment, both MCW (test material) and FYM (as control) were used. The obtained MCW and FYM were used 10, 20 and 40 tons per hectare. Experiment was designed as Randomized Blocks with 3 replicates. Applications in question during the growing season are observed the earliness, the yield per plant and …
Assessment Of Response To Drought Stress Of Chickpea(Cicer Arietinuml.) Lines Under Rainfed Conditions, Cengiz Toker, M. İlhan Çağirgan
Assessment Of Response To Drought Stress Of Chickpea(Cicer Arietinuml.) Lines Under Rainfed Conditions, Cengiz Toker, M. İlhan Çağirgan
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Totally sixty four chickpea lines were grown for assesment of response to drought stress in the stress and non-stress environments under rainfed conditions. The seed yield of the lines when grown under the non-stress condition increased at a rate of 53% over the in stress condition. The line, FLIP 92-154C, was determinated as the best tolerant line to drought stress environment under the field condition. Also, seed yield strongly correlated with biological yield, harvest index, mean productivity, tolerance to drought stress and drought susceptibility index in the stress environment.
Polymer Light Emitting Diodes, Frank E. Karasz, Bin Hu, Zhou Yang
Polymer Light Emitting Diodes, Frank E. Karasz, Bin Hu, Zhou Yang
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
Polyphenylene vinylene-based conjugated-nonconjugated alternating block copolymers form the active chromophores in a series of light emitting diodes (LEDs). The quantum efficiency and brightness of these devices can be improved by several orders of magnitude by incorporation of appropriate carrier transport layers and by rational choice of electrodes. Further improvements can be gained by blending of the active chromophores with high or low molecular weight species.
Novel Architectures Of Macromolecular Systems, Gerhard Wegner
Novel Architectures Of Macromolecular Systems, Gerhard Wegner
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
An important thrust in modern macromolecular chemistry is to construct complex architectures either directly from monomer units, or to design macromolecules capable of forming a desired superstructure by self-organization. Chain-rigidity is an example of a structural principle leading to self organization depending on the aspect ratio of the molecular objects and their mutual interactions. These molecularly defined objects serve as the building blocks of systems for which ultrathin layers composed of hairy rod macromolecules (HRM) are an example. Depending on architectural details layered architectures of HRM are models for molecular nanocomposites, exhibit interesting optical, electrochemical, dielectric or barrier properties. They …
Antifungal Natural Products From Medicinal Plants Of Pakistan, Atta Rahman, M. I. Choudhary
Antifungal Natural Products From Medicinal Plants Of Pakistan, Atta Rahman, M. I. Choudhary
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
A number of diseases in humans, animals, insects and plants are caused by pathogenic fungi. Several fungi also produce toxins in foods and can cause poisoning. Antifungal compounds are therefore important both for controlling serious fungal diseases of animals and plants, and for preserving food and other organic materials against attack by fungi. Our work on antifungal phytochemicals of medicinal plants has resulted in the isolation of a number of interesting compounds. The agar diffusion method was used to determine the antifungal activity of the pure isolates and extracts against a number of highly pathogenic fungi. The structures of the …
Analytical Applications Of Organic Conducting Polymer Electrodes, Nada F. Atta, George C. Russell, Z. Wang, N. Akmal, J.F. Rubinson, S.K. Lunsford, E. Karagözler, O. Y. Ataman, H. Zimmer, H.B. (Jr.) Mark, Ahmed Galal
Analytical Applications Of Organic Conducting Polymer Electrodes, Nada F. Atta, George C. Russell, Z. Wang, N. Akmal, J.F. Rubinson, S.K. Lunsford, E. Karagözler, O. Y. Ataman, H. Zimmer, H.B. (Jr.) Mark, Ahmed Galal
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
Electrodes modified by he electrodeposition of conducting polymers were used for the detection and quantitative determination of some inorganic, organic, and biological molecules. Monomers used were five membered ring heterocycles or crown ethers and their derivatives. The polymer films were deposited on glassy carbon or platinum substrates. The resulting electrodes were used in the amperometric mode or in the potentiometric mode for flow injection and chromatographic analyses. The results showed that the proposed modified surface catalyzes the oxidation of organic and biological compounds. The detection of electroinactive inorganic anions, such as F^-, Cl^-, Br^-, NO_2^- and NO^-_3 was also possible …
Synthesis And Characterization Of Conducting Polymers And Their Composites, L. Toppare
Synthesis And Characterization Of Conducting Polymers And Their Composites, L. Toppare
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
Blends of conducting polymers polypyrrole and polyaniline, in the insulating host polymers, polybisphenol A carbonate, polyamide and polyamide have been prepared electrochemically. Composite homogeneity and a possible chemical interaction between the host matrices and the conducting polymers were searched. Several spectroscopic and thermal analyses of free standing films suggest such an interaction.
Dissociation Dynamics Of Small Carbon Clusters, Ersin Yurtsever, Nuran Elmaci
Dissociation Dynamics Of Small Carbon Clusters, Ersin Yurtsever, Nuran Elmaci
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
The dissociation dynamics of small carbon clusters is studied by classical trajectory analysis. A large number of initial conditions are chosen to analyze the effects of the energy, angular momentum and the initial geometry of the cluster. The dissociation times, decay rate constants, kinetic energy of the dissociating atoms and the geometrical structure of the remaining part of the clusters are computed from microcanonical sampling of the phase space. Distributions of these properties as well as the possibilities of various fragmentation channels are presented.
Reduction Of Combustion Generated Pollution: Process Modifications And Energy Efficient Power Cycles, Janos M. Beer
Reduction Of Combustion Generated Pollution: Process Modifications And Energy Efficient Power Cycles, Janos M. Beer
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
Theoretical bases of combustion process modifications aimed at the reduction of pollutant emission are examined. It is shown, as an example, of how the minimization of emissions of nitrogen oxides leads to a design protocol that translates results of modeling and of bench scale experiments into guidelines for industrial design. The formation and emission of polycyclic aromatic compounds is also considered, because their formation is strongly favored in "low NO_x flames". In power generation the pollutant emission can be reduced effectively by the improvement of the ``heat rate,"i.e., the thermodynamic efficiency of the power cycle. Combined gas turbine-steam cycles which …
A Computational Study On The Conformational Behaviour Of 1,1,2-Trihydroxyethane In Solution, Safiye Sağ Erdem, Tereza Varnali, Viktorya Avi̇yente
A Computational Study On The Conformational Behaviour Of 1,1,2-Trihydroxyethane In Solution, Safiye Sağ Erdem, Tereza Varnali, Viktorya Avi̇yente
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
The conformational space of 1,1,2-trihydroxyethane were investigated with the PM3 method both in gas phase and in solution. Ab initio calculations at 6-31G level were also conformational equilibria in solution were studied and used to explain the behaviour of 2-hydroxycyclohexanone propylene and ethylene ketals.
General Character Of Electrochaemically Adsorbed Cobalt On Smooth Platinum In Solutions Of Various Ph, Gülcemal Yildiz, Sadiq Kuluyev, Figen Kadirgan
General Character Of Electrochaemically Adsorbed Cobalt On Smooth Platinum In Solutions Of Various Ph, Gülcemal Yildiz, Sadiq Kuluyev, Figen Kadirgan
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
The adsorption of cobalt adatoms on to a smooth platinum electrode at different potentials was studied by voltammetric methods. The amount of cobalt coverage was determined from the hydrogen region of the platinum electrode. The number of electrons per adatom species was calculated. The experiments were carried out in the pH interval between 0-3 in H_{2}SO_{4}-containing solutions.
Synthesis And Characterization Of Complexes Of Co(Ii), Ni(Ii), Cd(Ii), Hg(Ii) And Pd(Ii) With Some N-Phenyl-N^{1}-2-[4-Phenyl-(Substituted) Thiazolyl]- Thioureas, B. Narayana, M. R. Gajendragad
Synthesis And Characterization Of Complexes Of Co(Ii), Ni(Ii), Cd(Ii), Hg(Ii) And Pd(Ii) With Some N-Phenyl-N^{1}-2-[4-Phenyl-(Substituted) Thiazolyl]- Thioureas, B. Narayana, M. R. Gajendragad
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
The Synthesis and characterization of the complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Pd(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) with N-phenyl-N^{1}-2(-4-phenylthiazoly)thiourea (PPT) and N-phenyl-N^{1}-2-(4-methylphenylthiazolyl)-thiourea (PMPT) and Co(II), Cd(II), and Hg(II) complexes of N-phenyl-N^{1}-2-(4-p- chlorophenylthiazolyl) thiourea (PCPT) are included in this paper. Based on analytical results, electronic and infrared spectral data and magnetic susceptibility measurements, plausible structures have been proposed.
Complexes Of Zn(Ii), Pd(Ii), Hg(Ii), Pb(Ii), Cu(I), Ag(I) And Tl(I) With 4-Amino-5-Mercapto-3-(O-Tolyloxymethyl)-1,2,4-Triazole, B. Narayana, M. R. Gajendragad
Complexes Of Zn(Ii), Pd(Ii), Hg(Ii), Pb(Ii), Cu(I), Ag(I) And Tl(I) With 4-Amino-5-Mercapto-3-(O-Tolyloxymethyl)-1,2,4-Triazole, B. Narayana, M. R. Gajendragad
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
The synthesis and characterization of complexes of Zn(II), Pd(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), Pb(II), Cu(I), Ag(I), and Tl(I) with 4-amino-5-mercapto-3-(o- tolyloxymethyl)-1,2,4-triazole are described. Based on analytical results, electronic and infrared spectral data and magnetic susceptibility measurements suitable structures have been proposed.