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Tyurina Components And Rational Cycles For Rational Singularities, Meral Tosun Jan 1999

Tyurina Components And Rational Cycles For Rational Singularities, Meral Tosun

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper, we give a geometric proof of Pinkham's theorem on the positive cycles supported on the exceptional divisor of a rational singularity. In order to do this, we give several properties of the Tyurina components of the exceptional divisor and of the points of blowing-up surface of a rational singularity.


Cover And Contents Jan 1999

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

No abstract provided.


Cover And Contents Jan 1999

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

No abstract provided.


The Revovery Of Copper And Cobalt From Oxidized Copper Ore And Converter Slag, Berri̇n Zi̇yadanoğullari, Recep Zi̇yadanoğullari Jan 1999

The Revovery Of Copper And Cobalt From Oxidized Copper Ore And Converter Slag, Berri̇n Zi̇yadanoğullari, Recep Zi̇yadanoğullari

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The aim of this study was to develop a method for obtaining copper and cobalt from oxidized copper ore and converter slag. In order to convert the copper and cobalt into sulfate compounds the main step was to roast the samples obtained by sulfurization and transfer the samples into solution. First the oxidized copper ore was roasted, followed by the mixture of converter slag and oxidized copper ore. Since the levels of copper and cobalt were low, the sulfurization process was carried out under autoclave conditions. The samples obtained were roasted. The yields of copper and cobalt passed into the …


Pupil Cycle Time In Children With Nocturnal Enuresis, Cengiz Yakinci, Hamdi Er, Bülent Müngen, Yaşar Durmaz, Hamza Karabi̇ber Jan 1999

Pupil Cycle Time In Children With Nocturnal Enuresis, Cengiz Yakinci, Hamdi Er, Bülent Müngen, Yaşar Durmaz, Hamza Karabi̇ber

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.


The Comparison Of The Efficacy Aerobic Exercisesversus Strengthening, Stretching Andmobilization Exercises In Subacute And Chroniclow Back Pain, Ayşe Karan, Lütfi̇ye Müslümanoğlu, Semi̇h Aki, Mustafa Fi̇li̇z, Emel Özcan Yildiz, Ender Berker Jan 1999

The Comparison Of The Efficacy Aerobic Exercisesversus Strengthening, Stretching Andmobilization Exercises In Subacute And Chroniclow Back Pain, Ayşe Karan, Lütfi̇ye Müslümanoğlu, Semi̇h Aki, Mustafa Fi̇li̇z, Emel Özcan Yildiz, Ender Berker

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the efficacy of aerobic exercises versus strengthening, stretching and mobilization exercises in patients with subacute or chronic low back pain. Forty patients were recruited for the study and randomly allocated to two groups. All patients were evaluated at admission, mid-treatment and termination of the program by visual analog scale (VAS), face scale, weekly analgesic intake and Million visual analog scale for pain. They were also scored by Roland-Morris scale and Oswestry scale for functional impairment. Beck depression inventory was used to evaluate depression and lumbar range of motion was measured …


Vancomycin-Induced Lupus Erythematosuslikereaction, İfti̇har Köksal, Kemaletti̇n Aydin, Rahmet Çaylan, Sevi̇m Aydin, Yavuz Özoran, Abdülkadi̇r Rei̇s, Gülseren Çi̇mşi̇t Jan 1999

Vancomycin-Induced Lupus Erythematosuslikereaction, İfti̇har Köksal, Kemaletti̇n Aydin, Rahmet Çaylan, Sevi̇m Aydin, Yavuz Özoran, Abdülkadi̇r Rei̇s, Gülseren Çi̇mşi̇t

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.


Cover And Contents Jan 1999

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

No abstract provided.


Evaluation Of Various Protein Sources For Growingand Finishing Awssi Lambs, A. Y. Abdullah, M. M. Muwalla, M. Y. Harb Jan 1999

Evaluation Of Various Protein Sources For Growingand Finishing Awssi Lambs, A. Y. Abdullah, M. M. Muwalla, M. Y. Harb

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Sixty four newly weaned Awassi lambs (initial BW = 21.0 ± 0.75 kg) from both sexes were randomly allocated to one of the four treatments (8 males & 8 females/treatment) and grouped into 8 pens with 8 lambs from each sex per pen. They were then used to evaluate the different sources of protein on a finishing performance trial. The lambs were fed for a period of 114 days using four different rations. These rations were so formulated as to contain the same percentage of crude protein 14 %, but from different sources namely sunflower seed meal (SSM), bitter vetch …


Cover And Contents Jan 1999

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

No abstract provided.


Cover And Contents Jan 1999

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

No abstract provided.


Nonextensivity And Quantum Groups, Metin Arik Jan 1999

Nonextensivity And Quantum Groups, Metin Arik

Turkish Journal of Physics

Classical set theory is nonextensive since the mathematical definition of a set excludes the possibility that more than one copy of the same element can be in a set. We show that the description of random sets in terms of an algebra of creation operators and their hermitean conjugates yields an interpretation of the unitary quantum group SU_q(d) as the symmetry associated with the construction of d random sets from a given source set of M=(1-q)^{-1} elements.


Q-Calculus And Irreversible Dynamics On A Hierarchical Lattice, Ayşe Erzan, Ayşe Gorbon Jan 1999

Q-Calculus And Irreversible Dynamics On A Hierarchical Lattice, Ayşe Erzan, Ayşe Gorbon

Turkish Journal of Physics

On a lattice with equal spacing on the logarithmic scale, a momentum operator that respects the asymmetry of this nonlinear lattice yields a kinetics that can be understood in terms of diffusion on an underlying ultrametric space, if one also identifies the cannonical commutator with the time dilation operator. The motion to which this non-conventional kinetics corresponds is irreversible, with an explicit violation of time reversal symmetry resulting from the spreading with time of a probability distribution over a larger and larger volume of the phase space.


A New Formalism For Nonextensive Physical Systems: Tsallis Thermostatistics, Uğur Tirnakli, Fevzi Büyükkiliç, Doğan Demi̇rhan Jan 1999

A New Formalism For Nonextensive Physical Systems: Tsallis Thermostatistics, Uğur Tirnakli, Fevzi Büyükkiliç, Doğan Demi̇rhan

Turkish Journal of Physics

Although Boltzmann-Gibbs (BG) statistics provides a suitable tool which enables us to handle a large number of physical systems satisfactorily, it has some basic restrictions : (i) the range of the microscopic interactions must be small compared to the linear size of the macroscopic systems (short-range interactions) , (ii) the time range of the microscopic memory must be small compared to the observation time (Marcovian processes) and (iii) the system must evolve in an Euclidean-like space-time. In the case of a breakdown in one and/or the others of these restrictions, BG statistics fails. More precisely, the situation could be classified …


Statistical Physics, Neural Networks, Brain Studies, Gerard Toulouse Jan 1999

Statistical Physics, Neural Networks, Brain Studies, Gerard Toulouse

Turkish Journal of Physics

An overview of some aspects of a vast domain, located at the crossroads of physics, biology and computer science is presented: 1) During the last fifteen years, physicists advancing along various pathways have come into contact with biology (computational neurosciences) and engineering (formal neural nets). 2) This move may actually be viewed as one component in a larger picture. A prominent trend of recent years, observable over many countries, has been the establishment of interdisciplinary centers devoted to the study of: cognitive sciences; natural and artificial intelligence; brain, mind and behaviour; perception and action; learning and memory; robotics; man-machine communication, …


The Renormalization-Group Microscope: The Local Statistical Mechanics Of Heterogeneous Systems, Dicle Yeşi̇lleten, A. Nihat Berker Jan 1999

The Renormalization-Group Microscope: The Local Statistical Mechanics Of Heterogeneous Systems, Dicle Yeşi̇lleten, A. Nihat Berker

Turkish Journal of Physics

Renormalization-group theory is developed to yield all local microscopic thermodynamic densities in heterogeneous systems. Local energy densities and local magnetizations are thus obtained for random-bond systems, random-field systems, and spin-glasses, in two and three dimensions. Different order-disorder mechanisms in these diverse systems, such as chaotic ordering and domain-wall melting, become quantitatively evident.


Assessment Of The Degree Of Mix Of Powder Mixtures, Orhan Vai̇zoğlu Jan 1999

Assessment Of The Degree Of Mix Of Powder Mixtures, Orhan Vai̇zoğlu

Turkish Journal of Physics

The older methods for the determination of the degree of a random mix was solely based on the calculation of a simple standard deviation. Physical characteristics like, density, average particle weight and size of each component was not considered. Therefore, the evaluation, when the state of a random mix is reached, was somewhat superficial. Poole, Taylor, and Wall [1] have derived equations, where the physical characteristics of the components were taken into consideration. By this means, it is possible to calculate, in advance, the theoretical coefficient of variation and the corresponding confidence limits. One can then experimentally follow under which …


Cover And Contents Jan 1999

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Physics

No abstract provided.


Spectral Broadening Functions, Slavek Rucinski Jan 1999

Spectral Broadening Functions, Slavek Rucinski

Turkish Journal of Physics

Many astrophysical phenomena involving velocity fields produce broadening of spectral lines. Frequently, the cross-correlation function (CCF) is used to extract information about this broadening from segments of high resolution spectra. CCF has become the standard tool for handing extraction of radial-velocity and broadening information from high resolution spectra as it permits integration of information which is common to many spectral lines into one function which is easy to calculate, visualize and interpret. However, it can be argued that this is not the best tool for applications such as determinations of metallicities ([Fe/H]), for finding locations of star spots on active …


Angular Momentum Evolution In Close Late-Type Binaries, Carla Maceroni Jan 1999

Angular Momentum Evolution In Close Late-Type Binaries, Carla Maceroni

Turkish Journal of Physics

Accurate monitoring of the orbital period of late-type close binaries can provide important information on their secular evolution and on the structural changes of their components on very short timescales (i.e. decades). The orbital period turns out to be a powerful tool of investigation: it can be measured to great accuracy even with simple equipments and its change produces an easily detectable cumulative effect over time. This paper focuses on two physical mechanisms that cause orbital periods changes in late type binaries with negligible mass loss from the system: the dynamical evolution due to magnetic braking in tidally locked systems, …


Cyclic Nature Of The Orbital Period Variations Of Some Algol-Type Binaries, Seli̇m O. Selam, Osman Demi̇rcan Jan 1999

Cyclic Nature Of The Orbital Period Variations Of Some Algol-Type Binaries, Seli̇m O. Selam, Osman Demi̇rcan

Turkish Journal of Physics

The long-term period variations of the classical algol-type binaries XZ And, U Cep, \beta Per, RT Per, ST Per and TX UMa were studied by using all available observed times of eclipse minima. The (O-C) diagrams formed by the times of eclipse minima were found to be representable by one or more cyclic variations superimposed on a secular parabolic variation. The secular variations in the orbital periods should be caused by the mass transfer between the component stars and the mass loss from the systems. For our sample of Algol systems, none of the cyclic variations were found caused by …


Short-Period Rs Cvn And W Uma Binaries: How Are They Related?, Frans Van't Veer Jan 1999

Short-Period Rs Cvn And W Uma Binaries: How Are They Related?, Frans Van't Veer

Turkish Journal of Physics

Two groups of late-type very close main sequence binaries, the so-called short-period RS Canum Venaticorum (RS CVn) and W Ursae Majoris (W UMa) systems, are important for the understanding of the structure and evolutionary consequencies of angular momentum loss (AML) resulting from magnetic stellar winds of fast rotating solar type stars. The components of RS CVn stars are close to their Roche lobes, but still detached, whereas W UMa binaries are contact systems; both are rotating fast. One of the crucial problems is trying to answer the question if there is a dynamical relation between the two types of binaries …


Photometric Imaging Of Starspots, Techniques And Reliability, Zeki̇ Eker Jan 1999

Photometric Imaging Of Starspots, Techniques And Reliability, Zeki̇ Eker

Turkish Journal of Physics

Historical development of the starspot hypothesis and the unsolved problems associated with it are presented. The "non{uniqueness" attributed to the spot solutions is a major problem which could still discredit current efforts of starspot modeling by photometric or spectroscopic data. The basics of the starspot photometry(direct and inverse photometric problem, and the error analysis of the inverse problem) are presented. Since an analytical formulation exists to compute synthetic light curves from the physical parameters of spots, and recomputing original parameters analytically from the synthetic curves are also possible, the starspot hypothesis is a consistent physical problem. According to the error …


The Light And Colour Variations Of Mm Her, Günay Taş Jan 1999

The Light And Colour Variations Of Mm Her, Günay Taş

Turkish Journal of Physics

RS CVn type eclipsing binary MM Herculis have been observed using B, V, R filters in 1997 and obtained light and colour curves were examined together with the earlier 12 light and colour curves obtained between 1976 and 1997. It was seen that the system is bluer, while it is fainter. Such finding probably reveals the evolutionary effect of the photospheric bright facular structures surrounding starspots.


Magnetic Activity In The Extreme Ultraviolet, Mihalis Mathioudakis Jan 1999

Magnetic Activity In The Extreme Ultraviolet, Mihalis Mathioudakis

Turkish Journal of Physics

The wealth of astronomical observations obtained in the extreme ultraviolet in recent years, have allowed comprehensive studies of the stellar transition regions and coronae to be carried out. For the first time we have been able to resolve individual coronal lines of various elements formed over a large temperature range (10^{5} - 10^{7.2} K). The temperature, densities, abundances and magnetic field strengths of the stellar coronae can now be determined. Here we review some of the observations in the field of cool stars and discuss the implications on atmospheric heating requirements.


Solar Flares, E. Rennan Pekünlü Jan 1999

Solar Flares, E. Rennan Pekünlü

Turkish Journal of Physics

In this paper, the dynamics, the magnetohydrodynamics and the energetics of flaring magnetic loops are reviwed. It is also emphasized that the presented model is in no way a unique one. The most commonly occurring type is labelled as B type flares. This paper reviews the general features of a B type flare.


Dynamical Evolution Of The Rs Cvn-Type Binaries, Osman Demi̇rcan Jan 1999

Dynamical Evolution Of The Rs Cvn-Type Binaries, Osman Demi̇rcan

Turkish Journal of Physics

The orbital angular momentum (orbital AM) of a sample of forty RS CVn-type binaries with the orbital periods P \leq 10 days were estimated and the orbital AM distribution with respect to P was critically interpreted as the orbital AM evolution of these systems caused by the magnetic breaking process with the existence of spin-orbit coupling. The empirical relations (between the orbital AM loss, mass loss and period variation) derived from the diagram of the orbital AM distribution were used in deriving a semi-empirical formula for the dynamical evolution of the RS CVn-type binaries. The magnetic breaking induced dynamical evolution …


Facular Structures On Cool Stars, Serdar Evren Jan 1999

Facular Structures On Cool Stars, Serdar Evren

Turkish Journal of Physics

Activity has many manifestations, from dark spots to bright regions, to the presence of the heated chromosphere, to the superheated corona. Sunspots are extended, strongly magnetic regions on the Sun. Photospheric faculae are generally visible only at the limb. Polar faculae are smaller than the main-zone faculae. The contributions of the active region faculae and the facular network are at least as important as the solar spots in augmenting the solar emission.


On The Coronal Activity Of The Rs Cvn-Type Binaries, Osman Demi̇rcan, Hasan Ak Jan 1999

On The Coronal Activity Of The Rs Cvn-Type Binaries, Osman Demi̇rcan, Hasan Ak

Turkish Journal of Physics

We re-analysed the behaviour of coronal activity of the RS CVn-type binaries as a function of stellar and orbital parameters. Highly significant correlations were found between the x-ray luminosity L_x and the stellar radius R, the Roche lobe filling fraction \Gamma, and the Alfven radius RA. The correlations of L_x with the mass M, the absolute magnitude M_V, the surface gravity g, the Roche lobe filling fraction \Gamma, and the Alfven radius RA are likely to be due to correlations of these quantities with the stellar radius R. Surprisingly, no correlation of L_x on the color (B-V), the rotation velocity …


Co-Ordinated Multi-Wavelength Observations Of The Rs Cvn System Cf Tuc, Edwin Budding, K. L. Jones, O. B. Slee, L. Watson Jan 1999

Co-Ordinated Multi-Wavelength Observations Of The Rs Cvn System Cf Tuc, Edwin Budding, K. L. Jones, O. B. Slee, L. Watson

Turkish Journal of Physics

A `multi-site, multi-wavelength' campaign on the eclipsing RS CVn binary CF Tuc was carried out in 1996 over both optical (photometry and spectroscopy) and radio (microwave) ranges. The microwave data was taken with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA). It covered slightly more than one complete orbital cycle at 4.8 and 8.64 GHz in one continuous run. There was also coverage of about 25% of the light curve at 1.38 and 2.38 GHz. High dispersion spectroscopy was obtained using the McLellan 1m telescope and échelle spectrograph at Mt John University Observatory (New Zealand). Supporting photometry came from various smaller-scale facilities …