Digital Commons Network^™

A Case Study Of Gray-Box Fuzzing With Byte- And Tree-Level Mutation Strategies In Xml-Based Applications For Exposing Security Vulnerabilities, Şerafetti̇n Şentürk, Vahi̇d Garousi, Nejat Yumuşak

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Fuzzing is an automated process for detecting crashes and vulnerabilities in software system and it is classified as grammar- or mutation-based in terms of input generation. While the grammar-based fuzzing generates inputs from a specification and takes highly-structured inputs, mutation-based fuzzing generates inputs by modifying input files and abstract syntax trees randomly. There are not many case studies comparing the crash detection capabilities in the scope of mutation-based fuzzing. To add to the body of empirical evidence in this area, this case study compares fuzzing with different mutation strategies to evaluate their effectiveness in three aspects: fault detection effectiveness, fault …

Multikernel Embedded Fusion Unet (Mkef-Unet): A Robust Deep Learning Approach For Accurate Segmentation Of Chagas Parasites, Preet Kumar, Carlos Brito-Loeza, Lavdie Rada

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper introduces a novel approach for segmenting Chagas parasites on stained blood smear samples from mice during the acute phase of infection with Trypanosoma cruzi utilizing a U-Net-based deep learning model named multikernel embedded fusion UNet (MKEF-UNet). Our proposed model incorporates DenseNet-121 for feature extraction, a classifier module for predicting parasite information, and a segmentation decoder with multiscale feature fusion to generate precise segmentation results. Notably, the integration of the embedded vector module, multikernel convolutions with dilations, and advanced data augmentation techniques significantly enhance the model’s robustness and generalization capabilities. In extensive experiments on the Chagas dataset, MKEF-UNet achieves …

Predicting The Suitable Habitats Of Alosimus Marginicollis (Haag-Rutenberg, 1880) (Coleoptera: Meloidae) And Evaluating Its Potential Distribution In Relation To Geographical And Climatic Barriers, Muhammed Ari̇f Demi̇r, Mahmut Kabalak

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The main objective of this study was to predict the ecological requirements of Alosimus marginicollis (Haag-Rutenberg, 1880), for which limited ecological information is available, and to predict possible suitable habitats under current conditions and different future scenarios. An ensemble model-based approach, combining multiple algorithms (GAM, GLM, MARS, MaxEnt), was used to predict suitable habitats for this species using bioclimatic, topographic and land cover variables. The models indicated that the elevation variable among the topography variables, BIO15 (precipitation seasonality) and BIO4 (temperature seasonality) among the bioclimatic variables, and the cropland variable (cultivated and managed vegetation cover) among the land cover variables …

Did Raja Asterias Ever Occur In The Sea Of Marmara Or Were Previous Records Just Cases Of Misidentified Raja Clavata?, Hakan Kabasakal, Uğur Uzer, Fi̇rdes Saadet Karakulak

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The current inventories of elasmobranchs in the Sea of Marmara have some taxonomic problems that need to be solved. One problematic species in the elasmobranch fauna of the region is Raja clavata Linnaeus, 1758, and atypically coloured specimens of this skate species may have been misidentified in the past as congeners or closely related species. The present results show that R. asterias may be a misidentified species of the family Rajidae due to confusion with the atypically coloured R. clavata. As taxonomy is central to the integration of data sources in the context of biodiversity research and management of any …

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Turkish Journal of Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Continuous Dependence Of Thermoelasticity Problem, Müge Meyvaci, Şevket Gür

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

The current study considers the initial boundary value problem for the thermoelastic model. The model in which heat conduction is given by Green and Naghdi's theory is called Type II. It is increasingly accepted that studying the structural stability of the initial boundary value problem is crucial. This is because even minor changes in the equation or its coefficients can lead to significant variations in the solution of the problem. From this point of view, we analyze the structural stability of the solutions, specifically examining the continuous dependence of the solutions on all the coefficients of the thermoelastic system, using …

Improving Upper Bounds Of Berezin Number Inequalities Using Convex Function, Sana Khan, Mehmet Gürdal, Muhammad Saeed Akram

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this research article, new upper bounds are established for the Berezin number of bounded linear operators within the context of functional Hilbert space using the convex function. These bounds are achieved by exploiting an extension of Furuta's inequality and an extension of Kato's inequality. These Berezin number bounds are refinements of already existing bounds found in the literature.

Corrigendum To “ Phylogenomics Of The Tribe Leonureae Reveals A New Genus: Paraleonurus (Lamiaceae, Lamioideae) , [Turkish Journal Of Botany 48 (Si-1) 2024 427-440] “, Mei-Lin Qian, Ya-Ping Chen, Tuncay Di̇rmenci̇, Yue Zhao, Guo-Xiong Hu, Fei Zhao, Ferhat Celep, Bo Li, Chunlei Xiang

Turkish Journal of Botany

This corrigendum is written to correct an error in our previous publication. The term “ Yi Mu Cao Shu (益母草属; Chinese name).” was incorrectly spelled as “Jia Yi Mu Cao Shu (假益母草属; Chinese name)” in the article. The correct term should be “Yi Mu Cao Shu (益母草属; Chinese name)”. The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused and state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected.

Link to the original article: https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-008X.2825

Hypericum Chishuiense (Hypericaceae, Sect. Ascyreia), A New St. John's Wort Species From Guizhou, China, Ruizhi Bai, Zheng-Lin He, Ferhat Celep, Lu Wang, Chunlei Xiang

Turkish Journal of Botany

Hypericum chishuiense (Hypericaceae), a new species from Chishui County, Guizhou Province, China, is described and illustrated. Molecular phylogenetic analyses, based on five plastid DNA markers (psbA-trnH, psbC-trnS, rbcL, trnL-trnF, and trnS-trnG), place the new species within H. sect. Ascyreia. Morphologically, the new species is closely related to H. stellatum and H. rotundifolium, but it can be distinguished by several features, including broadly ovate, ovate-elliptic to subcircular leaves (vs. oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate to narrowly ovate leaves of H. stellatum) and broadly elliptic, ovate to triangular-ovate sepals (vs. narrowly lanceolate and rare markedly leaf-like sepals H. stellatum), and it can be distinguished …

A New Species From Türkiye:Ferula Erzincanica (Ferulinae, Apiaceae), Mehmet Sağiroğlu, Bariş Bani̇, Hayri̇ Duman

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this study, Ferula erzincanica, a new species from East Anatolia, is described and illustrated. The new species shows significant differences from F. rigidula and F. divaricata, particularly by in the dissection of basal leaves, the length and orientation of the inflorescence branches, the length of the pedicels, the undulation of the dorsal wings of the mericarps, and the number of commissural vittae, as well as in the micromorphology of fruits as analyzed by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). In addition, Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) phylogenetic analyses based on the nrDNA ITS gene region were performed to determine …

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Turkish Journal of Biology

No abstract provided.

Antidiabetic Potential Of Polysaccharides From Algerian Saharan Zygophyllum Geslini Instreptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats, Houria Medjdoub, Waffa Bouali, Arezki Azzi, Nacera Belkacem, Nabila Benariba, Nawel Meliani

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: Zygophyllum geslini, an endemic Algerian species, has numerous properties, especially as an antidiabeticdrug. In Algeria, this herb serves as condiment in Saharan dishes and as animal feed (Sheep, Goat and Camel). However, fewscientific studies have reported on the medicinal properties of this Saharan species. The aims of the present work were to study 1) thechemical aspects of polysaccharides extracted from this plant, 2) their inhibitory effect on pancreatic α-amylase in vitro, and 3) theirantihyperglycemic effect in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats in vivo.Materials and methods: First, polysaccharides were extracted from Z. geslini aerial part (ZGAP) in hot water and precipitated withethanol …

Geochemical Discriminants For The Provenance Characterization Of Ceramics, Kiymet Deni̇z Yağcioğlu, Yusuf Kağan Kadioğlu

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Cultural heritage can be effectively protected and restored by accurately identifying archaeometric materials used inhistorical sites, such as rocks, ceramics, bricks, mortar, and plaster, and determining their origins. This interdisciplinary study employsmineralogical, petrographic, and isotopic properties together with geochemical analyses to ascertain the origins of these materials. Thisstudy focuses on the provenance characterization of ceramics as possible source rocks of ceramic raw material using new geochemicaldiscrimination diagrams. Detailed geochemical analyses of manufactured ceramics from various rock types from different locationswere conducted and new geochemical discrimination diagrams were created to determine the origins of the ceramics. The geochemicaldata of ceramics that …

Environmental And Cultural Impacts Of The 8.2 Ka Event In Yenikapı (İstanbul/Türkiye), Ayşi̇n Konak, M. Namik Yalçin

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Neolithic lifestyle, which began in the 12th millennium BP with the emergence of villages in the core region extendingfrom Iran to central and southeastern Anatolia and Syria, began to spread to neighboring geographies, such as the Marmara region,in the 9th millennium BP. During the 8.2 ka event that occurred between 8300 and 7900 BP, cold and dry conditions prevailed in thenorthern hemisphere. During the winter months, the humidity decreased and cooling of about 6 ± 2 °C was observed. In order totest whether the 8.2 ka event was also effective in the İstanbul region, a set of inorganic geochemical …

Characterization Of Thin Marble Slabs Cut With Roman Water-Powered Stone Saw Millsfrom Western Asia Minor, Hakan Elçi̇, Ramazan Hacimustafaoğlu, Serdar Aybek

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

This study examined the mineralogical, petrographic, technological, and material properties of thinly cut marble slabs usedin the flooring and cladding of the frigidarium section of a bath constructed in the 2nd century AD in Metropolis, a city that connectedtwo significant centers in Western Asia Minor-Ephesus and Smyrna-during the Roman period. The study also explains the possibletechniques and methods by which these marble slabs could have been cut so thinly. The thickness of the marble slabs used was closelyrelated to their material properties. Bluish grey, with calcite veins with low flexural strength, containing medium to coarse crystallinecalcite veins, and white marbles …

Minero-Petrographic, Geochemical, And Multiisotopic Characterization Of The Ancientbanded Travertine Quarries Of The Lycus Valley (Denizli, Türkiye), Tamer Koralay, Nergi̇s İmre

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Lycus Valley in Western Anatolia has been the site of numerous civilizations since ancient times due to historical, geopolitical, and climatological characteristics. Banded travertine is a ubiquitous architectural stone observed in ancient settlements in the Lycus Valley. Banded travertines referred to as “Alabastro Fiorito,” “Alabastro Listato,” and “Alabastro Rossa” in archaeological bibliographies have been extracted from the ancient quarries of Çukurbağ, Hierapolis, Develi-Akköy, Gölemezli, and Tripolis in the Lycus Valley and are characterized by white, yellow, brown, red, and red-burgundy colored bands with thicknesses ranging from a few millimeters to centimeters. The banded travertines have similar mineral compositions and …

Classification Of Asia Minor Marbles Based On Crystal Size For Archaeometric Assignment, Ramazan Hacimustafaoğlu, Hakan Elçi̇

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

This study was carried out to determine the range of crystal sizes of Asia Minor marbles and to classify the marbles accordingto crystal size. Asia Minor marbles have been used as building stones since ancient times. The literature already includes studies on theircrystal sizes; however, different studies performed on marbles of the same locality have reported different crystal size classes, which hascaused complexity. To eliminate this complexity, this study used multidirectional petrographic analyses on the eight known Asia Minormarbles. Thin sections were photographed under a polarizing microscope, and the crystal sizes of the samples were measured usingcomputerized image analysis. An …

Petrography, Electron Paramagnetic Resonance, Geochemistry, And Sr-C-O Isotope Datafor Provenance Studies Of The Ancient Marmor Iassense In Kıyıkışlacık(Muğla Region), Türkiye, Namik Aysal, Emre Erdem, Nurullah Hani̇lçi̇, Tali̇p Güngör, Si̇nan Öngen, İsak Yilmaz, Fulya Uzun, Davut Laçi̇n, İpek Deni̇z Yildirim

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Marmor Iassense (Iasos marble, Marmor Carium) banded marbles, produced from the Kızılağaç Formation near thevillage of Kıyıkışlacık, have been favorite marbles from ancient times to the present day with their colors and patterns. During theRoman and Byzantine periods, they were preferred as decorative stones for many important buildings in İstanbul, such as the HagiaSophia, Chora Monastery (Kariye Mosque), and Church of the Holy Apostles, as well as San Vitale in Ravenna and other buildingsthroughout the Mediterranean region. They were used in wall coverings, flooring, columns, and mosaics. These marbles contain redand gray-white alternating folded layers of different thicknesses. They …

Characterization Of Stone Materials From The Roman Caracalla Bath In Ancyra, Zeynep Tanriverdi̇, Ali̇ Akin Akyol, Yusuf Kağan Kadioğlu

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Roman Caracalla Bath was built during the reign of Roman Emperor Caracalla (circa AD 200). Today it exists only inthe form of wall remnants at the foundation level and functions as an open-air museum. It is located on a mound approximately 2.5-mhigh along Ulus’s Çankırı Street in Ankara. This research paper aims to identify the characterization and implications for provenance ofthe stone materials used in the construction of the bath by using mineralogical, petrographic, and geochemical definitions. The resultsobtained from the stone materials also provide guidance for restoration and reinforcement of the bath. In this study, the 13 stone …

Digital Documentation Of A Byzantine Rock-Carved Structure In Konya:Kiriakon Monastery, Sille, Hasan Bi̇lgehan Maki̇neci̇, İlker Mete Mi̇mi̇roğlu, Esra Yaldiz, Hakan Karabörk

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Digital documentation methods enable the acquisition of viable data to preserve cultural heritage and its accurate transferto future generations. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) equipment are technical tools that haveessential functions in the three-dimensional (3D) modeling of structures of historical importance. In the geographic referencing andvisualization of historical structures with their surroundings, UAVs are often used, and for the visualization of the interior spaces ofstructures as a whole, TLS is popular. The Kiriakon Monastery, a rock-carved, cross-in-square, four-supports simple provincial typeof church, and several different structures around it within the borders of Sille in Konya Province …

Multianalytical Characterization Of Byzantine Wall Paintings By Sem-Edx,Μ-Xrd, Raman And Ftir Techniques, Onur Şi̇mşek, Fati̇h Özbaş, Ersi̇n Kaygisiz, Gözem Yaşayan, Gülce Öğrüç Ildiz

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

In this study, various analytical methods were employed to examine the mineral based natural pigments in the frescoes of themedieval (9th century) Byzantine church, known today as the Atik Mustafa Pasha Mosque. The techniques include μ-X-ray diffraction(μ-XRD), Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies, and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX). The SEM-EDX technique enabled the identification of the chemical element compositionin the studied pieces, while Raman and FTIR spectroscopies, as well as XRD, allowed the identification of mineral phases and mineralbased natural pigments in the paints of the frescoes. Fragments of various colors (red, black, yellow, …

Rocks Used In Polished Stone Axe Production In Eastern Thrace (Türkiye) During Theneolithic Period: A Geochemical, Petrographic, And Geoarchaeological Approach, Ti̇mur Ustaömer, Zeynep Özbey, M. Namik Yalçin, Mehmet Celal Özdoğan, Eylem Özdoğan, İsmai̇l Ozan Çilgin, Abdüssamed Güven

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Twenty-nine Neolithic polished stone axes from various archaeological sites in Eastern Thrace and İstanbul were analyzedin this study using petrographic and geochemical methods to identify their lithologies and locate their source rocks. We found thatvariable rock types, including diabase, siltstone, lava, granite, and serpentinite, were used to produce these stone tools in workshops.The same techniques were applied to samples of potential source rocks from a large area in NW Türkiye to determine the locations ofthe source rocks used to produce the stone axes. Diabase dykes of Şarköy ophiolite were identified as the source rock for the diabasepolished stone axes, the …

Synthetic Osteobiologics In Spine Surgery: A Review, Aydin Si̇nan Apaydin, Eli Johnson, Prince Antwi, Brett Rocos, Michael M. Haglund, Christopher Shaffrey, Peter Passias, Muhammad Adb-El-Barr, Khoi Than

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aimOsteobiologics are increasingly used in orthopedics and spine surgery to facilitate bone healing and prevent non-union. Synthetic osteobiologics are artificial materials crafted in laboratories that aim to replicate the natural composition and functionality of bone. Notable examples, such as calcium phosphate and calcium sulfate, are engineered to mirror the mineral aspect of bone. They mimic human bone functionality, exhibiting osteoconductive, osteoinductive, and osteogenic properties. These characteristics promote cell attachment, migration, recruitment, and differentiation. Consequently, synthetic osteobiologics (osteoconductive grafts) have been introduced in bone fracture repair. The main strength of synthetic osteobiologics in spine surgery lies in improving fusion rates and …

Integrated Convolutional Neural Network For Skin Cancer Classification With Hair And Noise Restoration, Ni̇dhi̇ Bansal, Sri̇dhar Sundaramurthy

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Skin lesions are commonly diagnosed and classified using dermoscopic images. There are many artifacts visible in dermoscopic images, including hair strands, noise, bubbles, blood vessels, poor illumination, and moles. These artifacts can obscure crucial information about lesions, which limits the ability to diagnose lesions automatically. This study investigated how hair and noise artifacts in lesion images affect classifier performance and how they can be removed to improve diagnostic accuracy.Materials and methods: A synthetic dataset created using hair simulation and noise simulation was used in conjunction with the HAM10000 benchmark dataset. Moreover, integrated convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were proposed for …

In Vitro Anticancer, Antioxidant And Chelating Activities Of Natural Organosulfur Compounds Originated From Türkiye: An Investigation On Breast And Colorectal Cancer Cells, Ümmügülsüm Polat Korkunç, Hi̇lal Çalik, Leyla Polat Köse, Rabi̇a Çakir Koç, Emi̇ne Karakuş

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim:Taşköprü garlic, cultivated in the Taşköprü region of Kastamonu province, is a very famous in Türkiye.This study aimed to determine the anticancer and antioxidant effects of extracts from Kastamonu Taşköprü garlic on human breast cancer and colorectal cancer cells.Materials and methods:Taşköprü garlic, which contains natural organosulfur compounds, has a geographical registration. Taşköprü garlic, which contains natural organosulfur compounds (OSCs), has a geographical registration.Garlic contains oil- and water-soluble OSCs known to exhibit anticancer activity by interfering with MCF-7 and Caco-2 proliferation and tumor metastasis. In this study, the antiproliferative activity of oil- and water-soluble garlic extracts with and without glutathione at …

Impact Of Ivermectin On Nerve Regeneration Following Sciatic Injury In Mice: The Consequences Of Dietary High Fructose, Ezgi̇ Deni̇z Arikan, Barişcan Çi̇men, Ayşe Ece Gezen Yilmaz, Eli̇f Akaydin, Berkay Alpay, Deni̇z Eki̇n Erbaş, Erblina Nikshiqi, Sevda Müftüoğlu, Yildirim Sara

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aimPeripheral nerve injuries (PNI) are debilitating disorders affecting predominantly the younger generation, often leading to significant disabilities. Current treatment strategies are inadequate in addressing the complex nature of these injuries. Peripheral nerve healing and functional recovery are crucial components of both pathophysiology and therapeutic approach. High fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is a frequently used sweetener in several beverages and foods. And it is associated with several metabolic disturbances including insulin resistance and may impair nerve healing. This study investigates the therapeutic role of ivermectin on nerve regeneration following sciatic nerve injury and evaluates motor and sensorial functions together with histopathological …

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Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

A Comparison Study Of Sensory Processing In Older Adults With And Without Dementia, Medi̇ne Nur Özata Değerli̇, Di̇dem Karaduman, Burcu Balam Doğu, Onur Altuntaş

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Sensory processing is affected by aging, and dementia may lead to changes in sensory processing. This study aimed to examine the differences in sensory processing and sensory modulation between older adults with and without dementia.Materials and methods: This study was designed as a comparative study of community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older with and without dementia. Participants and their caregivers were recruited at the occupational therapy clinic of a public hospital. They completed a sociodemographic information form and the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile to assess sensory processing and sensory modulation.Results: The study included 120 older adults (60 with …

Novel Nonmagnetic Abutment Designs For Facial Prostheses: An Experimental Study, İrem Sozen Yani̇k, Ufuk Adali̇, Jamila Yassine, Fransizka Schmidt, Wolfgang Hannak, Bahadir Ersu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate and compare the retentive forces of novel nonmagnetic abutment designs developed as an alternative to conventional magnetic abutments for facial prostheses.Materials and methods: A plexiglass model was constructed and two extraoral implants were placed in these blocks in a parallel position. Nonmagnetic abutments made of titanium were fabricated and screwed onto the implants. The nonmagnetic systems represent a novel design and include two different abutment designs (Type 1 and Type 2) with silicone attachments. Retentive force values for three abutment types: Conventional Magnetic System (CMS), Nonmagnetic abutment Type 1 System (NMS1), and …

Duple-Mondnet: Duple Deep Learning-Based Mobile Net For Motor Neuron Disease Identification, Sony Helen, Joseph Jawhar

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Motor neuron disease (MND) is a devastating neuron ailment that affects the motor neurons that regulate muscular voluntary actions. It is a rare disorder that gradually destroys aspects of neurological function. In general, MND arises as a result of a combination of natural, behavioral, and genetic influences. However, early detection of MND is a challenging task and manual identification is time-consuming. To overcome this, a novel deep learning-based duple feature extraction framework is proposed for the early detection of MND.Materials and methods: Diffusion tensor imaging tractography (DTI) images were initially analyzed for color and textural features using dual feature …