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Maximum Entropy-Based Fuzzy Clustering By Using L_1-Norm Space, Mohammad Ghorbani
Maximum Entropy-Based Fuzzy Clustering By Using L_1-Norm Space, Mohammad Ghorbani
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
One of the most important methods in analysis of large data sets is clustering. These methods are not only major tools to uncover the underlying structures of a given data set, but also promising tools to uncover local input-output relations of a complex system. The goal of this paper is to present a new approach to fuzzy clustering by using L_1-norm space by means of a maximum entropy inference method, where, firstly, the resulting formulas have more beautiful form and clearer physical meaning than those obtained by means of FCM method and secondly, the obtained criteria by this new method …
Formulas For The Fourier Coefficients Of Cusp Form For Some Quadratic Forms, Ahmet Tekcan
Formulas For The Fourier Coefficients Of Cusp Form For Some Quadratic Forms, Ahmet Tekcan
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper, representations of positive integers by certain quadratic forms Q_p defined for odd prime p are examined. The number of representations of positive integer n by the quadratic form Q_p, is denoted by r(n;Q_p), obtained for p=3,5 and 7.\thinspace We prove that r(n;Q_p)=\rho (n;Q_p)+\vartheta (n;Q_p) for p=3,5 and 7, where \rho (n;Q_p) is the singular series and \vartheta (n;Q_p) is the Fourier coefficient of cusp form.
2-Quasi-\Lambda-Nuclear Maps, Wasfi Shatanawi
2-Quasi-\Lambda-Nuclear Maps, Wasfi Shatanawi
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper we generalize the well-known result which says that the composition of quasi-nuclear maps is nuclear. More precisely, we define what we call a 2-quasi-\lambda -nuclear map between normed spaces, and we prove that the composition of a 2-quasi-\lambda -nuclear map with a quasi- \lambda -nuclear map is a pseudo-\lambda -nuclear map. Also, we prove that a quasi-\lambda -nuclear map is a 2-quasi-\lambda -nuclear map. For a nuclear G_{\infty} -space, we prove that a linear map T between normed spaces is 2-quasi-\lambda -nuclear if and only if it is quasi-\lambda -nuclear
Common Fixed Point Theorems For Fuzzy Mappings In Quasi-Pseudo-Metric Spaces, İlker Şahi̇n, Hakan Karayilan, Mustafa Telci̇
Common Fixed Point Theorems For Fuzzy Mappings In Quasi-Pseudo-Metric Spaces, İlker Şahi̇n, Hakan Karayilan, Mustafa Telci̇
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper, we obtain some common fixed point theorems for pairs of fuzzy mappings in left K-sequentially complete quasi-pseudo-metric spaces and right K-sequentially complete quasi-pseudo-metric spaces, respectively. Well-known theorems are special cases of our results.
On The Value Set Of N! Modulo A Prime, William D. Banks, Florian Luca, Igor E. Shparlinski, Henning Stichtenoth
On The Value Set Of N! Modulo A Prime, William D. Banks, Florian Luca, Igor E. Shparlinski, Henning Stichtenoth
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
We show that for infinitely many prime numbers p there are at least \log\log p / \log\log\log p distinct residue classes modulo p that are not congruent to n! for any integer n.
An Exponential Model For Treatment Effects Without A Control Group, Kemal Gürsoy
An Exponential Model For Treatment Effects Without A Control Group, Kemal Gürsoy
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
It may be desirable to estimate the behaviour of a pair of random variables and their functions through the information acquired by utilizing only one of them and its functions. In this work, such an approach has been used. Motivated by the need to provide treatment to every patient in a new drug trial, an exponential model was considered. This approach provides sufficient information to make inferences about the effect of a treatment without using a control group who will be otherwise denied treatment, as an alternative method to the commonly used controlled clinical trials.
On Intuitionistic Fuzzy Bi-Ideals Of Semigroups, Kyung Ho Kim, Jong Geol Lee
On Intuitionistic Fuzzy Bi-Ideals Of Semigroups, Kyung Ho Kim, Jong Geol Lee
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
We consider the intuitionistic fuzzification of the concept of several ideals in a semigroup S, and investigate some properties of such ideals.
Constructing New K3 Surfaces, Selma Altinok
Constructing New K3 Surfaces, Selma Altinok
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
This paper is concerned with a method based on birational geometry and produces dozens of new examples in codimensions 3, 4, 5 etc. The method is called unprojection by Reid. Using this method we construct new examples of K3 surfaces of codimensions 3 and 4 in weighted projective spaces from smaller codimension K3 surfaces whose rings are much simpler. This leads to the existence of almost all candidates for codimension 3 K3 surfaces in the list.
On Jordan Generalized Higher Derivations In Rings, Wagner Cortes, Claus Haetinger
On Jordan Generalized Higher Derivations In Rings, Wagner Cortes, Claus Haetinger
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
I. N. Herstein proved that any Jordan derivation on a prime ring of characteristic not 2 is a derivation. M. Breşar extended this result to semiprime rings, while M. Ferrero and C. Haetinger extended the result to Jordan higher derivations. Recently, M. Ashraf and N. Rehman considered the question of Herstein for a Jordan generalized derivation. This paper extends Ashraf's Theorem. We prove that if R is a 2-torsion-free ring which has a commutator right nonzero divisor, then every Jordan generalized higher derivation on R is a generalized higher derivation.
On Fuzzy Cosets Of Gamma Nearrings, Satyanarayana Bhavanari, Syam Prasad Kuncham
On Fuzzy Cosets Of Gamma Nearrings, Satyanarayana Bhavanari, Syam Prasad Kuncham
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper, we consider fuzzy notion of a \Gamma -near ring, introduce the notion of a fuzzy coset and obtained some related important fundamental isomorphism theorems.
On \Delta-I-Continuous Functions, Şazi̇ye Yüksel, A. Açikgöz, T. Noiri
On \Delta-I-Continuous Functions, Şazi̇ye Yüksel, A. Açikgöz, T. Noiri
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper, we introduce a new class of functions called \delta-I-continuous functions. We obtain several characterizations and some of their properties. Also, we investigate its relationship with other types of functions.
Spacelike Normal Curves In Minkowski Space E^3_1, Kazim İlarslan
Spacelike Normal Curves In Minkowski Space E^3_1, Kazim İlarslan
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In the Euclidean space E^3, it is well known that normal curves, i.e., curves with position vector always lying in their normal plane, are spherical curves [3]. Necessary and sufficient conditions for a curve to be a spherical curve in Euclidean 3-space are given in [10] and [11]. In this paper, we give some characterizations of spacelike normals curves with spacelike, timelike or null principal normal in the Minkowski 3-space E^3_1.
On The Nilpotency Class Of Lie Rings With Fixed-Point-Free Automorphisms, Pavel Shumyatsky
On The Nilpotency Class Of Lie Rings With Fixed-Point-Free Automorphisms, Pavel Shumyatsky
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
Let L be a solvable Lie ring with derived length s. Assume that L admits an automorphism \phi of prime order p\geq 11 such that C_L(\phi)=0. It is proved that the class of L is less than \frac{(p-2)^{s+1}}{(p-3)^2}.
Su(2) Representations Of The Groups Of Integer Tangles, Tangül Uygur
Su(2) Representations Of The Groups Of Integer Tangles, Tangül Uygur
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this work we classify the irreducible SU(2) representations of \Pi_1(S^3\backslash k_n) where k_n is an integer n tangle and as a result we have proved the following theorem: Let n be an odd integer then \mathcal{R}^{\ast}(\Pi_1(S^3 \backslash k_n)) /SO(3) is the disjoint union of n open arcs where \mathcal{R}^{\ast}(\Pi _1(S^3 \backslash k_n)) is the space of irreducible representations.
Weighted Boundedness For A Rough Homogeneous Singular Integral, Hussain Al-Qassem
Weighted Boundedness For A Rough Homogeneous Singular Integral, Hussain Al-Qassem
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
A weighted norm inequality for a homogeneous singular integral with a kernel belonging to a certain block space is proved. Also, some applications of this inequality are obtained. Our results are essential improvements as well as extensions of some known results on the weighted boundedness of singular integrals.
Laboratory Determination Of Multicomponent Effective Diffusion Coefficients For Heavy Metals In A Compacted Clay, M. Zeki̇ Çamur, Hasan Yazicigi̇l
Laboratory Determination Of Multicomponent Effective Diffusion Coefficients For Heavy Metals In A Compacted Clay, M. Zeki̇ Çamur, Hasan Yazicigi̇l
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
Diffusion and sorption of heavy-metal ions (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) through an Ankara clay liner were studied experimentally. The Ankara clay consists of calcite, quartz, smectite and illite, and is a highly plastic inorganic clay with optimum weight water content of 32% and corresponding dry density of 1.413 g/cm3. Under optimum compaction conditions, effective porosity (volumetric water content) and hydraulic conductivity in the material were determined as 0.45 and 1.3 to 2.6x10-9 cm/s, respectively. The Ankara clay adsorbed Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn metals, but desorbed Ca, Mg and …
Simulation Of A Feedback Control Technique Through Irrigation Canal Junctions, Ömer Faruk Durdu
Simulation Of A Feedback Control Technique Through Irrigation Canal Junctions, Ömer Faruk Durdu
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
A linear quadratic controller based algorithm was developed for simulating the dynamics of a single-reach irrigation canal with a channel junction. Using the concepts of feedback control theory, an expression for an upstream gate opening of an irrigation canal reach with a channel junction operated based upon a constant-level control was obtained. In the derivation, the canal reach between 2 gates was divided into 5 nodes, and the finite difference forms of the continuity and momentum equations were written for each node. The Taylor series was applied to linearize the equations around equilibrium conditions. At the third node of the …
On Marcinkiewicz Integrals Along Flat Surfaces, Ahmad Al-Salman
On Marcinkiewicz Integrals Along Flat Surfaces, Ahmad Al-Salman
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper, we study Marcinkiewicz integral operators with rough kernels supported by surfaces given by flat curves. Under convexity assumptions on our surfaces, we establish an L^p boundedness result of such operators. Moreover, we obtain the L^p boundedness of the corresponding Marcinkiewicz integral operators that are related to area integral and Littlewood-Paley g_{\lambda}^* functions.
Quotient F-Modules, Ayşe Uyar
Quotient F-Modules, Ayşe Uyar
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
Let L be an f-module over f-algebra A. Then L^{\sim} is a cf-module over the f-algebra (A^{\sim})^{\sim}_n. Quotient f-modules are studied and subsequently a connection between Z(L^{\sim}) and [A^{\sim})^{\sim}_n]_{\hat{e}} is investigated.
Submanifolds Of Riemannian Product Manifolds, Mehmet Atçeken
Submanifolds Of Riemannian Product Manifolds, Mehmet Atçeken
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper, we study the geometry of the semi-invariant submanifolds of a Riemannian product manifold. Fundamental properties of these type submanifolds such as the integrability of the distributions D, D^{\bot} and mixed-geodesic property are studied. Finally, necessary and sufficient conditions are given on a semi-invariant submanifold of Riemannian product manifold to be D-geodesic and D^{\bot}-geodesic.
On Generalization Of The Quasi Homogeneous Riesz Potential, Hüseyi̇n Yildirim
On Generalization Of The Quasi Homogeneous Riesz Potential, Hüseyi̇n Yildirim
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper, a generalization of the quasi homogeneous Riesz Potential has been defined using non-isotropic quasi-distance and its L_p (p \geq 1) continuity study.
A Solution To Symmetric Teleparallel Gravity, Muzaffer Adak, Özcan Sert
A Solution To Symmetric Teleparallel Gravity, Muzaffer Adak, Özcan Sert
Turkish Journal of Physics
Teleparallel gravity models, in which the curvature and the nonmetricity of spacetime are both set zero, are widely studied in the literature. We work a different teleparallel theory, in which the curvature and the torsion of spacetime are both constrained to zero, but the nonmetricity is nonzero. After reformulating the general relativity in this spacetime we find a solution and investigate its singularity structure.
Investigation Of The Intergrain Junctions Of Polycrystalline Htsc In Rotating Weak Ac Magnetic Fields, Ioseb R. Metskhvarishvili, Magda R. Metskhvarishvili, Luiza Khorbaladze, Mikheil Elizbarashvili, Zaur Miminoshvili, Larisa Nekrasova
Investigation Of The Intergrain Junctions Of Polycrystalline Htsc In Rotating Weak Ac Magnetic Fields, Ioseb R. Metskhvarishvili, Magda R. Metskhvarishvili, Luiza Khorbaladze, Mikheil Elizbarashvili, Zaur Miminoshvili, Larisa Nekrasova
Turkish Journal of Physics
YBa_2Cu_3O_y polycrystalline superconductor has been studied in weak rotating ac magnetic fields with existence of constant dc field. Measurements were carried out in various temperature intervals, and in various variable and constant fields. Results of our experiments are in good agreement with the isotropic model.
Determination Of Defect Distribution In A Ga-Rich Zno/Cds/Cu(In,Ga)Se_2 Solar Cell By Admittance Spectroscopy, Habi̇be Bayhan
Determination Of Defect Distribution In A Ga-Rich Zno/Cds/Cu(In,Ga)Se_2 Solar Cell By Admittance Spectroscopy, Habi̇be Bayhan
Turkish Journal of Physics
This article presents a study on the energy distribution of defects in efficient thin film ZnO/CdS/Cu(In,Ga)Se_2 heterojunction solar cell by the use of admittance spectroscopy. The capacitance spectra of the device has been analyzed using a model based on the existence of a homogeneous distribution of bulk acceptors in the absorber Cu(In,Ga)Se_2 layer. This model reveals an emission from a distribution of hole traps centered at an activation energy of about 300 meV with a defect density of 1.2 \times 10^{17} eV^{-1} cm^{-3}. The band gap of the absorber layer is estimated to be about 1.46 eV which corresponds to …
Magnetic Behaviour Of ``Lithiated'' Fe_2tio_5, M. A. Madare, S. V. Salvi
Magnetic Behaviour Of ``Lithiated'' Fe_2tio_5, M. A. Madare, S. V. Salvi
Turkish Journal of Physics
Fe_2TiO_5 shows a spin glass transition at 53 K and is mainly known for its semiconducting nature. A `LiAl' pair is incorporated in Fe_2TiO_5 by high temperature solid-state reaction. Fe_2TiO_5 + xLiAlH_4 \frac{1000 °C}{24 hrs in atmosphere} \to Fe_2Ti_{1-x} (LiAl)_xO_5 x < x The presence and quantity of ``LiAl'' is confirmed by Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma (IACP) technique. The crystalline geometry is determined by X- ray diffraction and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of powders. It remains orthorhombic pseudobrookite. Certain reflections of Fe_2TiO_5 are observed to enhance progressively with the content of ``LiAl''. The magnetic hysteresis parameters are observed to depend on the content of ``LiAl''. Initial susceptibility and permeability are measured as a function of temperature. The magnetic order is discussed and explained. It is concluded that the pseudobrookite possesses a `spinel like network', which is strengthened by incorporation of ``LiAl''. It produces a weak long-range ferrimagnetic order in place of short-range antiferromagnetic order. Possible applications are discussed in the text.
New Phases Of Ybacugeo Superconductors Identified From X-Ray Diffraction And Infra-Red Absorption Measurements, Ahmed Abo-Arais, Mohamad Ahmad Taher Dawoud
New Phases Of Ybacugeo Superconductors Identified From X-Ray Diffraction And Infra-Red Absorption Measurements, Ahmed Abo-Arais, Mohamad Ahmad Taher Dawoud
Turkish Journal of Physics
X-ray powder diffraction patterns and infra-red absorption spectra have been evaluated and analysed for the Y_1 Ba_2 Cu_3 O_{7-\delta} - Ge_x compound samples prepared by the solid state reaction with x values ranging from 0.0 to 1.13. All samples show bulk superconductivity above liquid nitrogen temperature using the levitation test (Meissner effect). Samples with Ge content up to x = 0.2 have offset T_c between 83K and 92K while the sample with x = 1.13 shows semiconducting behavior above 100K. As a result of the solid state interaction between YBCO and Ge, new phases are observed and determined, mainly three …
Design And Preparation Of Antireflection Films On Glass Substrate, Muhammad Hammad Asghar, Muhammad Bilal Khan, Shahzad Naseem, Zubair Ahmad Khan
Design And Preparation Of Antireflection Films On Glass Substrate, Muhammad Hammad Asghar, Muhammad Bilal Khan, Shahzad Naseem, Zubair Ahmad Khan
Turkish Journal of Physics
Antireflection coatings (ARC) have been modeled and prepared experimentally for optical and electro-optical applications in the visible spectrum (0.4--0.7 \mu m) to reduce reflections from the surface of glass. Reflection of BK7 bare glass substrate varies from 3.5 to 6.0% over the desired spectrum. This value is reduced reasonably by integrating multilayer thin films, based on dielectric materials, behaving as ARC. Three different three-layer configurations are deposited on glass substrate. The reflection profiles of theoretical and experimental curves are compared and analyzed to demonstrate the use of these multilayered structures. The physical parameters and deposition conditions of the three configurations …
Cosmic Ray Diurnal Anisotropy Related To Solar Activity, Rajesh K. Mishra, Rekha Agarwal Mishra
Cosmic Ray Diurnal Anisotropy Related To Solar Activity, Rajesh K. Mishra, Rekha Agarwal Mishra
Turkish Journal of Physics
The occurrence of a large number high amplitude event (HAE) of cosmic ray diurnal anisotropy during 1981--1994 has been examined as a function of solar activity. The high amplitude days with the time of maximum in the corotational/azimuthal direction do not indicate any significant correlation with solar activity. Our observations suggest that the direction of the anisotropy of HAE events contribute significantly to the long-term behaviour of the diurnal anisotropy. The occurrence of HAE is dominant during sunspot maximum as well as sunspot minimum.
Modeling Global Solar Radiation For A Tropical Location: Onne, Nigeria, Louis E. Akpabio, Sunday O. Udo, Sunday E. Etuk
Modeling Global Solar Radiation For A Tropical Location: Onne, Nigeria, Louis E. Akpabio, Sunday O. Udo, Sunday E. Etuk
Turkish Journal of Physics
Monthly average daily values of clearness index and relative sunshine over a period of sixteen years, using quadratic form of the Angstrom-Prescott model have been developed to estimate global solar radiation at Onne (Lat. 4° 46' N, Long. 7° 10' E), a tropical location. The predictive efficiencies of the models are also compared with those developed for the Nigerian environment, and those which are believed to be applicable globally. The applicability of the developed equations was tested in terms of mean percentage error (MPE), mean bias error (MBE) and root mean square error (RMSE).
A Study On Breit Interaction Through Heavy Mesons Spectra, L. I. Abou-Salem, M. S. M. Nour El-Din, M. M. Moussa
A Study On Breit Interaction Through Heavy Mesons Spectra, L. I. Abou-Salem, M. S. M. Nour El-Din, M. M. Moussa
Turkish Journal of Physics
In the present work the adequacy of the complete Breit interaction terms in describing the strong interaction can be tested through studying c\bar{c} and b\bar{b} spectra. Breit equation is solved using the complete Breit interaction form. The Breit equation can be transformed into three categories of differential equations according to the spectroscopic signature of the different states. The resonance masses of c\bar{c} and b\bar{b} states are calculated to order \alpha^4. One can see a good agreement between our results and the corresponding experimental data in all considered states.