Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
- Keyword
-
- Turkey (129)
- 1 (99)
- 2 (83)
- Classification (75)
- Deep learning (75)
-
- Machine learning (72)
- Optimization (69)
- Genetic algorithm (62)
- Synthesis (62)
- Adsorption (58)
- Geochemistry (55)
- Particle swarm optimization (53)
- Antimicrobial activity (47)
- 3 (45)
- Artificial neural network (42)
- Stability (40)
- Support vector machine (37)
- Phthalocyanine (36)
- Antibacterial activity (33)
- Feature extraction (33)
- Artificial neural networks (32)
- Feature selection (31)
- Wireless sensor networks (31)
- Molecular docking (30)
- Copper (28)
- Cytotoxicity (28)
- DFT (28)
- Oscillation (28)
- Power quality (28)
- COVID-19 (27)
- Publication Year
Articles 601 - 630 of 12072
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Derivation Of A 1-D Seismic Velocity Model For The Lake Van Region, Mehveş Feyza Akkoyunlu, Bülent Kaypak, Bülent Oruç, Doğan Kalafat
Derivation Of A 1-D Seismic Velocity Model For The Lake Van Region, Mehveş Feyza Akkoyunlu, Bülent Kaypak, Bülent Oruç, Doğan Kalafat
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
We present a detailed one-dimensional (1-D) velocity model of the Lake Van Basin and its surrounding region, alongside precise hypocenter locations, utilizing seismic data from the aftershocks of the 23 October 2011 Lake Van earthquake (Mw = 7.1). The 1-D minimum velocity model is computed by the VELEST program by analyzing body wave traveltimes and station corrections. Encompassing a geographical area of 180 × 90 km² centered around Lake Van, the study incorporated seismic data from 10 newly deployed stations, complementing the existing network of the Kandilli Earthquake Research Institute. A comprehensive manual analysis was conducted on a dataset comprising …
Geomagnetic Response To The Earthquake In Türkiye And Syria On February 6, 2023, Svetlana Riabova, Sergey Shalimov
Geomagnetic Response To The Earthquake In Türkiye And Syria On February 6, 2023, Svetlana Riabova, Sergey Shalimov
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The disturbances in the lower ionosphere during the strong earthquake in Türkiye and Syria and its strongest aftershock on February 6, 2023, are analyzed using data from ground-based magnetometers. The observation points are located at distances 700 to 1600 km from the epicenter of the seismic event. As a characteristic of the ionospheric response to these events, variations in the magnetic field have been analyzed at the İznik, Grocka, Panagjurishte, and Surlari magnetic observatories. Earthquake epicenter is known to be a source of both seismic Rayleigh waves and atmospheric acoustic-gravity waves. Using the difference in velocities, at which these waves …
Stochastic 1-D Reactive Transport Simulations To Assess Silica And Carbonate Phases During The Co2 Reinjection Process In Metasediments, Selçuk Erol
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
One proposed method to mitigate carbon emission is to mineralize the CO2 in deep geothermal reservoirs while mixing the coproduced CO2 with the effluent fluid for reinjection. The injection fluid temperature fluctuates due to the mixing process between CO2-charged water and the effluent fluid, and compressor interruptions change the thermodynamic conditions that influence the fluid-rock interaction in the reservoir. Mineral dissolution or precipitations are associated with changes in permeability and porosity that affect the flow and, eventually, the lifespan of the reservoir. A combined stochastic–reactive transport simulation approach is useful for inspection purposes. Moreover, the stochastic algorithm validates the deterministic …
Carboniferous Graptolites (Hemichordata: Graptolithina) From The Dnipro-Donets Depression And Donets Basin, Ukraine, Vitaly Dernov
Carboniferous Graptolites (Hemichordata: Graptolithina) From The Dnipro-Donets Depression And Donets Basin, Ukraine, Vitaly Dernov
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
Remains of the Carboniferous graptolites ?Ptiograptus sp. and Dictyonema sp. are described from the Donets Basin and the border zone of the Dnipro-Donets Depression and Donets Basin (eastern Ukraine). These graptolites were found in the Mezhova (Visean, Mississippian) and Avilovka (Kasimovian, Pennsylvanian) formations. Dictyonema sp. from the Avilovka Formation is probably the youngest dendroid graptolite to date. The analysis of geological data allowed to make a reasonable assumption about the Late Devonian rather than the Carboniferous age of the graptolite fauna from the Englewood Formation of South Dakota (USA) and the Tournaisian rather than the Cisuralian age of graptolites from …
Deposition Of Organic And Inorganic Carbons On The Turkish Continental Margins (1984–1996), Vedat Edi̇ger, Di̇lek Edi̇ger
Deposition Of Organic And Inorganic Carbons On The Turkish Continental Margins (1984–1996), Vedat Edi̇ger, Di̇lek Edi̇ger
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
This study reevaluates the published total inorganic carbon (TIC) and total organic carbon (TOC) percentages of 695 seafloor sediment samples collected from the continental margins of the Black Sea, Sea of Marmara, Aegean Sea and Mediterranean Sea between 1984 and 1996. An inverse relationship is observed between the average TIC and TOC percentages in the four seas surrounding Türkiye. The explanation for this phenomenon is closely connected to the terrestrial, marine, climatic, and environmental factors of the continental margins from which the samples were collected.
Unveiling Anomalies: A Survey On Xai-Based Anomaly Detection For Iot, Esin Eren, Feyza Yildirim Okay, Suat Özdemi̇r
Unveiling Anomalies: A Survey On Xai-Based Anomaly Detection For Iot, Esin Eren, Feyza Yildirim Okay, Suat Özdemi̇r
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In recent years, the rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has raised concerns about the security and reliability of IoT systems. Anomaly detection is vital for recognizing potential risks and ensuring the optimal functionality of IoT networks. However, traditional anomaly detection methods often lack transparency and interpretability, hindering the understanding of their decisions. As a solution, Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques have emerged to provide human-understandable explanations for the decisions made by anomaly detection models. In this study, we present a comprehensive survey of XAI-based anomaly detection methods for IoT. We review and analyze various XAI techniques, including …
Text-To-Sql: A Methodical Review Of Challenges And Models, Ali Buğra Kanburoğlu, Faik Boray Tek
Text-To-Sql: A Methodical Review Of Challenges And Models, Ali Buğra Kanburoğlu, Faik Boray Tek
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
This survey focuses on Text-to-SQL, automated translation of natural language queries into SQL queries. Initially, we describe the problem and its main challenges. Then, by following the PRISMA systematic review methodology, we survey the existing Text-to-SQL review papers in the literature. We apply the same method to extract proposed Text-to-SQL models and classify them with respect to used evaluation metrics and benchmarks. We highlight the accuracies achieved by various models on Text-to-SQL datasets and discuss execution-guided evaluation strategies. We present insights into model training times and implementations of different models. We also explore the availability of Text-to-SQL datasets in non-English …
Security Fusion Method Of Physical Fitness Training Data Based On The Internet Of Things, Bin Zhou
Security Fusion Method Of Physical Fitness Training Data Based On The Internet Of Things, Bin Zhou
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Physical fitness training, an important way to improve physical fitness, is the basic guarantee for forming combat effectiveness. At present, the evaluation types of physical fitness training are mostly conducted manually. It has problems such as low efficiency, high consumption of human and material resources, and subjective factors affecting the evaluation results. ”Internet+” has greatly expanded the traditional network from the perspective of technological convergence and network coverage objects. It has expedited and promoted the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology and its applications. The IoT with many sensor nodes shows the characteristics of acquisition information redundancy, node …
Dpafy-Gcaps: Denoising Patch-And-Amplify Gabor Capsule Network For The Recognition Of Gastrointestinal Diseases, Henrietta Adjei Pokuaa, Adeboya Felix Adekoya, Benjamin Asubam Weyori, Owusu Nyarko-Boateng
Dpafy-Gcaps: Denoising Patch-And-Amplify Gabor Capsule Network For The Recognition Of Gastrointestinal Diseases, Henrietta Adjei Pokuaa, Adeboya Felix Adekoya, Benjamin Asubam Weyori, Owusu Nyarko-Boateng
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Deep learning (DL) models have performed tremendously well in image classification. This good performance can be attributed to the availability of massive data in most domains. However, some domains are known to have few datasets, especially the health sector. This makes it difficult to develop domain-specific high-performing DL algorithms for these fields. The field of health is critical and requires accurate detection of diseases. In the United States Gastrointestinal diseases are prevalent and affect 60 to 70 million people. Ulcerative colitis, polyps, and esophagitis are some gastrointestinal diseases. Colorectal polyps is the third most diagnosed malignancy in the world. This …
Joint Control Of A Flying Robot And A Ground Vehicle Using Leader-Follower Paradigm, Ayşen Süheyla Bağbaşi, Ali Emre Turgut, Kutluk Bilge Arikan
Joint Control Of A Flying Robot And A Ground Vehicle Using Leader-Follower Paradigm, Ayşen Süheyla Bağbaşi, Ali Emre Turgut, Kutluk Bilge Arikan
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In this study, a novel control framework for the collaboration of an aerial robot and a ground vehicle that is connected via a taut tether is proposed. The framework is based on a leader-follower paradigm. The leader follows a desired trajectory while the motion of the follower is controlled by an admittance controller using an extended state observer to estimate the tether force. Additionally, a velocity estimator is also incorporated to accurately assess the leader’s velocity. An essential feature of our system is its adaptability, enabling role switching between the robots when needed. Furthermore, the synchronization performance of the robots …
Stereo-Image-Based Ground-Line Prediction And Obstacle Detection, Emre Güngör, Ahmet Özmen
Stereo-Image-Based Ground-Line Prediction And Obstacle Detection, Emre Güngör, Ahmet Özmen
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In recent years, vision systems have become essential in the development of advanced driver assistance systems or autonomous vehicles. Although deep learning methods have been the center of focus in recent years to develop fast and reliable obstacle detection solutions, they face difficulties in complex and unknown environments where objects of varying types and shapes are present. In this study, a novel non-AI approach is presented for finding the ground-line and detecting the obstacles in roads using v-disparity data. The main motivation behind the study is that the ground-line estimation errors cause greater deviations at the output. Hence, a novel …
Deep Learning-Based Breast Cancer Diagnosis With Multiview Of Mammography Screening To Reduce False Positive Recall Rate, Meryem Altın Karagöz, Özkan Ufuk Nalbantoğlu, Derviş Karaboğa, Bahriye Akay, Alper Baştürk, Halil Ulutabanca, Serap Doğan, Damla Coşkun, Osman Demi̇r
Deep Learning-Based Breast Cancer Diagnosis With Multiview Of Mammography Screening To Reduce False Positive Recall Rate, Meryem Altın Karagöz, Özkan Ufuk Nalbantoğlu, Derviş Karaboğa, Bahriye Akay, Alper Baştürk, Halil Ulutabanca, Serap Doğan, Damla Coşkun, Osman Demi̇r
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Breast cancer is the most prevalent and crucial cancer type that should be diagnosed early to reduce mortality. Therefore, mammography is essential for early diagnosis owing to high-resolution imaging and appropriate visualization. However, the major problem of mammography screening is the high false positive recall rate for breast cancer diagnosis. High false positive recall rates psychologically affect patients, leading to anxiety, depression, and stress. Moreover, false positive recalls increase costs and create an unnecessary expert workload. Thus, this study proposes a deep learning based breast cancer diagnosis model to reduce false positive and false negative rates. The proposed model has …
Signer-Independent Sign Language Recognition With Feature Disentanglement, İnci̇ Meli̇ha Baytaş, İpek Erdoğan
Signer-Independent Sign Language Recognition With Feature Disentanglement, İnci̇ Meli̇ha Baytaş, İpek Erdoğan
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Learning a robust and invariant representation of various unwanted factors in sign language recognition (SLR) applications is essential. One of the factors that might degrade the sign recognition performance is the lack of signer diversity in the training datasets, causing a dependence on the singer’s identity during representation learning. Consequently, capturing signer-specific features hinders the generalizability of SLR systems. This study proposes a feature disentanglement framework comprising a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a long short-term memory (LSTM) network based on adversarial training to learn a signer-independent sign language representation that might enhance the recognition of signs. We aim to …
Post-Mucilage Status Of The Teleost Fish Assemblages In The Sea Of Marmara, Mustafa Sari, Uğur Karadurmuş
Post-Mucilage Status Of The Teleost Fish Assemblages In The Sea Of Marmara, Mustafa Sari, Uğur Karadurmuş
Turkish Journal of Zoology
A frightening mucilage event occurred in the Sea of Marmara (SoM) from November 2020 to July 2021, leaving devastating effects on maritime industries, fishing activities and the benthic ecosystem. The mucilage led to intense fish mortalities, particularly affecting species like smelt, anchovy, and picarel, with severe consequences for benthic ecosystems and various marine species. This study aims to analyze the possible long-term effects of the recent mucilage disaster on species diversity and biomass by assessing the current status of teleost fish assemblages in the SoM. The data set is based on bottom trawl surveys carried out at 52 points at …
Existence And Nonexistence Of Permutation Trinomials And Quadrinomials, Zhiguo Ding, Michael Zieve
Existence And Nonexistence Of Permutation Trinomials And Quadrinomials, Zhiguo Ding, Michael Zieve
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
For each q of the form 4k , we determine all a ∈ Fq for which X + Xq + X2q−1 + aXq2−q+1 permutes Fq2 . We also construct a class of permutation trinomials over Fq2 in case q ≡ 1 (mod 3) .
Topogenous Orders And Closure Operators On Posets, Josef Slapal, Tom Richmond, Minani Iragi
Topogenous Orders And Closure Operators On Posets, Josef Slapal, Tom Richmond, Minani Iragi
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
We introduce the notion of topogenous orders on a poset X to be certain endomaps on X. We build on a Galois connection between endomaps and binary relations on X and study relationships between endomap properties and corresponding relational properties. In particular, we determine the topogenous orders that are in a one-to-one correspondence with (idempotent) closure operators.
Ranks Of Certain Semigroups Of Transformations With Idempotent Complement Whose Restrictions Belong To A Given Semigroup, Leyla Bugay, Ruki̇ye Sönmez, Hayrullah Ayik
Ranks Of Certain Semigroups Of Transformations With Idempotent Complement Whose Restrictions Belong To A Given Semigroup, Leyla Bugay, Ruki̇ye Sönmez, Hayrullah Ayik
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
For n ≥ 2, let Pn , In , Tn , and Sn be the partial transformation semigroup, symmetric inverse semigroup, (full) transformation semigroup, and symmetric group on the set Xn = {1, . . . , n}, respectively. In this paper, we find the ranks of certain subsemigroups of Pn , In , and Tn consisting of transformations with idempotent complement whose restrictions to the set Xm belong to the (possible) semigroup Sm, Im, Tm, or Pm for 1 ≤ m ≤ n − 1.
Approximation By Operators Involving Δh -Gould-Hopper Appell Polynomials, Bi̇lge Zehra Sergi̇ Yilmaz, Gürhan İçöz
Approximation By Operators Involving Δh -Gould-Hopper Appell Polynomials, Bi̇lge Zehra Sergi̇ Yilmaz, Gürhan İçöz
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
The present paper deals with the approximation properties of the linear positive operators, including Δh -Gould-Hopper Appell polynomials. We investigate some theorems for convergence of the operators and their approximation degrees with the help of the classical approach, Peetre’s K-functional, Lipschitz class and Voronovskajatype theorem. In the last section of the paper, we introduce the Kantorovich form of the operators and examine the approximation degree.
Elastic Strips Along Isotropic Curves In Complex 3-Spaces, Dae Won Yoon, Zühal Küçükarslan Yüzbaşi
Elastic Strips Along Isotropic Curves In Complex 3-Spaces, Dae Won Yoon, Zühal Küçükarslan Yüzbaşi
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper, we define the ruled surface in terms of the Darboux vector field of an isotropic curve in a complex 3-space, and we study the ruled surface as an elastic strip along the isotropic curve. First of all, we show that elastic strips along isotropic curves that serve critical points of the modified Sadowsky functional are characterized by three Euler-Lagrange equations. As a result, we give two conservation laws to characterize elastic strips of isotropic curves in complex 3-space and explain an isotropic helix in terms of the force vector. Finally, we give some examples to illustrate elastic …
Gradient Almost Yamabe Solitons Immersed Into A Riemannian Warped Productmanifold, Willian Tokura, Levi Adriano, Elismar Batista, Adriano Bezerra
Gradient Almost Yamabe Solitons Immersed Into A Riemannian Warped Productmanifold, Willian Tokura, Levi Adriano, Elismar Batista, Adriano Bezerra
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
The purpose of this article is to study the geometry of gradient almost Yamabe solitons immersed in warped product manifolds I ×f Mn whose potential is given by the height function from the immersion. First, we present some geometric rigidity on compact solitons due to a curvature condition on the warped product manifold. In the sequel, we investigate conditions for the existence of totally geodesic, totally umbilical, and minimal solitons. Furthermore, in the scope of constant angle immersions, a classification of rotational gradient almost Yamabe solitons immersed in R ×f Rn is also made.
A Note On Hybrid Hyper Leonardo Numbers, Elen Viviani Pereira Spreafico, Paula Maria Machado Cruz Catarino
A Note On Hybrid Hyper Leonardo Numbers, Elen Viviani Pereira Spreafico, Paula Maria Machado Cruz Catarino
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
Recently, many studies have been devoted to extending particular sets of integers to other special sets, such as complex, dual, hyperbolic, and hybrid numbers. In this study, we define a new generalization of the Leonardo sequence consisting of the hybrid hyper-Leonardo numbers. This sequence of numbers is an extension of the hyper Leonardo numbers in the hybrid set. We investigate some algebraic properties of this sequence, the generating function, and the Binet formula related to this type of sequence.
Generalizations Of Zassenhaus Lemma And Jordan-Hölder Theorem For 2−Crossed Modules, Seli̇m Çeti̇n
Generalizations Of Zassenhaus Lemma And Jordan-Hölder Theorem For 2−Crossed Modules, Seli̇m Çeti̇n
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
We present a comprehensive generalization of the Zassenhaus Lemma, the Scherier Refinement Theorem, and the Jordan-Hölder Theorem, extending their applicability to both crossed modules and 2−crossed modules. It is discovered that the previously established normality conditions are insufficient for forming quotient objects of 2−subcrossed modules, as demonstrated through an illustrative example, and these conditions are rigorously revised to allow these generalizations. These new conditions now yield results that are categorically accurate. Additionally, the study has led to the derivation of several supplementary results, including isomorphism theorems for 2−crossed modules.
Some New Results On Generalized Hyers-Ulam Stability In Modular Function Spaces, Mozhgan Taliman, Mahdi Azhini, Shahram Rezapour
Some New Results On Generalized Hyers-Ulam Stability In Modular Function Spaces, Mozhgan Taliman, Mahdi Azhini, Shahram Rezapour
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this work, we present a new weighted method for proving the generalized Hyers-Ulam stability for nonlinear Volterra integral equations in modular spaces. Using the same technique, we also prove the generalized Hyers- Ulam stability for nonlinear functional equations under Δ2 conditions. Fixed-point theorems in modular spaces form the foundation of our main conclusions.
On The Dual Pseudo-Spherical Elastic Curves, Gözde Özkan Tükel, Ahmet Yücesan
On The Dual Pseudo-Spherical Elastic Curves, Gözde Özkan Tükel, Ahmet Yücesan
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
We investigate a dual bending energy functional that operates on the dual pseudo-sphere in dual Lorentzian space. For a nonnull dual curve on the dual pseudo-sphere to be considered elastic, it must satisfy the conditions of a dual Euler-Lagrange equation. To solve this problem, we use Jacobi elliptic functions to approach the real part and the integral factors method to solve the dual part. Using E. Study mapping, we examine situations where every timelike or spacelike dual elastic curve on the dual pseudo-sphere matches an elastic strip with a suitable base curve in Minkowski 3-space.
Alternative Solution To The Fractional Differential Equation With Recurrence Relationship, Luciano L. Luque, Gustavo Abel Dorrego
Alternative Solution To The Fractional Differential Equation With Recurrence Relationship, Luciano L. Luque, Gustavo Abel Dorrego
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
A different solution from the one already known for sequential fractional differential equations with recurrence relation is proposed. This solution involves a Mittag-Leffler type function, which satisfies a recurrence property compatible with the behavior of sequential fractional differential equations with recurrence relation.
A Study Of The Scattering Analysis Of The Multiplicative Sturm-Liouville Problem, Güler Başak Öznur, Güher Gülçehre Özbey, Yelda Aygar Küçükevci̇li̇oğlu, Rabia Aktaş Karaman
A Study Of The Scattering Analysis Of The Multiplicative Sturm-Liouville Problem, Güler Başak Öznur, Güher Gülçehre Özbey, Yelda Aygar Küçükevci̇li̇oğlu, Rabia Aktaş Karaman
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
The main purpose of this study is to examine the scattering analysis of a multiplicative Sturm-Liouville boundary value problem. Firstly, we find the Jost solution of this problem and give the Jost function to construct the scattering function of the problem. Secondly, we obtain asymptotic equations for Jost solution and investigate some properties of the Jost function. Moreover, we present other solutions of the problem by giving the relations between these solutions and Jost solution. Finally, we define the scattering function of this problem by using the Jost function and examine the basic properties of the scattering function.
Integer Representations Of Classical Weyl Groups, Hasan Arslan, Alnour Altoum, Mariam Zaarour
Integer Representations Of Classical Weyl Groups, Hasan Arslan, Alnour Altoum, Mariam Zaarour
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper, we define a mixed-base number system over a Weyl group Dn , the group of even-signed permutations. We introduce one-to-one correspondence between the positive integers of the set {1, · · · , 2n−1n!} and elements of this group, after constructing the subexceedant function associated with the group. Thus, the integer representations of all the classical Weyl groups are now completed. Furthermore, we present an inversion statistic on the group Dn by using a decomposition of a positive root system of this reflection group. This inversion statistic is compatible with the length function on the group Dn …
Dynamics Of Compositions Of Some Lotka–Volterra Mappings Operating In A Two-Dimensional Simplex, Dilfuza Eshmamatova, Farrukh Yusupov
Dynamics Of Compositions Of Some Lotka–Volterra Mappings Operating In A Two-Dimensional Simplex, Dilfuza Eshmamatova, Farrukh Yusupov
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In a number of applied problems (immunology, epidemiology, virology, etc.), there is a need to study the dynamics of the trajectories of the compositions of the Lotka–Volterra mappings. In this paper, some variants of these compositions are considered, in particular, the dynamics of the trajectories of the compositions of the Lotka–Volterra mappings acting in a two-dimensional simplex, with transitive tournaments, which can be applied in the study of these processes. Cards of fixed points are constructed for compositions and the characters of fixed points are studied.
Conformal-Projective Transformations On Statistical And Semi-Weyl Manifolds With Torsion, Adara M. Blaga, Antonella Nannicini
Conformal-Projective Transformations On Statistical And Semi-Weyl Manifolds With Torsion, Adara M. Blaga, Antonella Nannicini
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
We show that statistical and semi-Weyl structures with torsion are invariant under conformal-projective transformations. We prove that a nondegenerate submanifold of a semi-Weyl (respectively, statistical) manifold with torsion is also a semi-Weyl (respectively, statistical) manifold with torsion, and that the induced structures of two conformal-projective equivalent semi-Weyl (respectively, statistical) structures with torsion on a manifold to a nondegenerate submanifold, are conformal-projective equivalent, too. Also, we prove that the umbilical points of a nondegenerate hypersurface in a semi-Weyl manifold with torsion are preserved by conformal-projective changes. Then we consider lightlike hypersurfaces of semi-Weyl manifolds with torsion and we describe similarities and …