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Coproduct Of Su_{Q} (2), Coherent States And Four Point Function With Logarithmic Regge Trajectories, M. Arik, Ayşe Peker-Dobie
Coproduct Of Su_{Q} (2), Coherent States And Four Point Function With Logarithmic Regge Trajectories, M. Arik, Ayşe Peker-Dobie
Turkish Journal of Physics
The representation of the operators belonging to a 2 \times 2 SU_q (2) matrix yield a Hilbert space H. The coproducts of these operators define a Hilbert space H^{(2)} isomorphic to H and canonically embedded in H \otimes H. The four-point function obtained by taking the scalar product of the ground state of H^{(2)} with the coherent states in H \otimes H is uniquely defined, is meromorphic and has Regge behaviour.
Combining Multiple Representations For Pen-Based Handwritten Digit Recognition, Fevzi̇ Ali̇moğlu, Ethem Alpaydin
Combining Multiple Representations For Pen-Based Handwritten Digit Recognition, Fevzi̇ Ali̇moğlu, Ethem Alpaydin
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
We investigate techniques to combine multiple representations of a handwritten digit to increase classification accuracy without significantly increasing system complexity or recognition time. In pen-based recognition, the input is the dynamic movement of the pentip over the pressure sensitive tablet. There is also the image formed as a result of this movement. On a real-world database of handwritten digits containing more than 11,000 handwritten digits, we notice that the two multi-layer perceptron (MLP) based classifiers using these representations make errors on different patterns implying that a suitable combination of the two would lead to higher accuracy. We implement and compare …
Metamorphic And Tectonic Evolution Of The Hırkadağ Block, Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex, Donna L. Whitney, Yildirim Di̇lek
Metamorphic And Tectonic Evolution Of The Hırkadağ Block, Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex, Donna L. Whitney, Yildirim Di̇lek
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The Hırkadağ metamorphic block is a NE-SW-trending horst structure that is part of the Kırşehir Massif in the Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex (CACC). Along its southwestern margin, the block contains upper amphibolite facies metapelitic rocks that record peak metamorphic conditions of 670-710 °C, ~ 7 kbar, as determined by garnet-biotite geothermometry and garnet-sillimanite-plagioclase-quartz, garnet-rutile-sillimanite-ilmenite-quartz, and garnet-rutile-ilmenite-plagioclase-quartz geobarometry. A clockwise pressure-temperature path is inferred from thermobarometric results and analysis of reaction textures among aluminous phases. Following this medium-pressure metamorphism, low-pressure - high-temperature metamorphism resulted in widespread replacement of garnet by cordierite + spinel + sillimanite, partial replacement of spinel by corundum, …
Stratigraphy, Geochemistry And Depositional Environment Of The Celestine-Bearing Gypsiferous Formations Of The Tertiary Ulaş-Sivas Basin, East-Central Anatolia (Turkey), Erdoğan Teki̇n
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
Celestine-bearing evaporite mineralization is widespread in the Tertiary evaporitic units of the Ulaş-Sivas Basin, east-central Anatolia. The oldest deposition of gypsum, which is of laminated character, occurred in a shallow inner-lagoonal environment or in depressions during Late Eocene regression. Thick gypsum and overlying beds composed of alternating bedded, nodular gypsum and sandstone developed in coastal sabkhas and abandoned channels within a meander-river complex during Oligocene time. The last occurrence of evaporitic units, namely massive and bedded gypsum alternating with sandstones and fossiliferous limestones, resulted from limited marine transgression of an Early Miocene sea along the southern margin of the Sivas …
Repetitive Subtidal-To-Coastal Sabkha Cycles From A Lower-Middle Miocene Marine Sequence, Eastern Sivas Basin, Faruk Ocakoğlu
Repetitive Subtidal-To-Coastal Sabkha Cycles From A Lower-Middle Miocene Marine Sequence, Eastern Sivas Basin, Faruk Ocakoğlu
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
In the study area, southeast of Zara in the Sivas Basin, the Lower-Middle Miocene marine Karacaören Formation consists of a succession of marine sedimentary rocks deposited within two trangressive-regressive cycles. The present study focuses on the facies characteristics, cyclic nature, and significance of the basin-wide distribution of a 100-m-thick gypsiferous sedimentary package overlying an otherwise transgressive segment of the lower sequence, within a marine setting. The typical lithologic expression of the studied sedimentary interval comprises generally fossiliferous mudstones, rare algal limestones and nodular gypsum. Detailed sedimentological observations, combined with palaeontological evidence, indicate that the mudstone intervals were deposited in a …
Extensional Tectonics And The Geometry Of Related Macroscopic Structures: Field Evidence From The Gediz Detachment, Western Turkey, Hasan Sözbi̇li̇r
Extensional Tectonics And The Geometry Of Related Macroscopic Structures: Field Evidence From The Gediz Detachment, Western Turkey, Hasan Sözbi̇li̇r
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The large-scale, low-angle Gediz detachment fault that constitutes the southern margin of the Gediz graben (also known as the Alaşehir graben) has macroscopic structures of extensional origin, such as folds and back-tilted strata. The folds were formed as antiformal and synformal structures with axes both parallel and perpendicular to the extensional direction in their footwalls and hanging-walls, respectively. An extension-parallel antiform-synform pair in the footwall of the Gediz detachment, namely the Oyukkıran antiform and the Keserler synform, are recognized south of Dereköy village (Salihli) on the southern margin of the Gediz graben. These are NE-trending domal and basinal structures with …
The June 6, 2000, Orta (Çankırı, Turkey) Earthquake: Sourced From A New Antithetic Sinistral Strike-Slip Structure Of The North Anatolian Fault System, The Dodurga Fault Zone, Ali̇ Koçyi̇ği̇t, Bora Rojay, Mustafa Ci̇han, Arda Özacar
The June 6, 2000, Orta (Çankırı, Turkey) Earthquake: Sourced From A New Antithetic Sinistral Strike-Slip Structure Of The North Anatolian Fault System, The Dodurga Fault Zone, Ali̇ Koçyi̇ği̇t, Bora Rojay, Mustafa Ci̇han, Arda Özacar
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The İsmetpaşa-Kargı section of the North Anatolian Fault System (NAFS) consists of six subfault zones, namely the Eskipazar, the Ulusu, the Tosya, the Çerkeş-Kurşunlu, the Devrez and the newly detected Dodurga fault zone (DFZ). Together these fault zones form a well-developed dextral strike-slip-faulting pattern, in which the DFZ is an antithetic secondary strike-slip component, indicated by focal-mechanism solutions of moderate and large earthquakes that have occurred in the İsmetpaşa-Kargı section of the NAFS. The DFZ is a ~36-km-long, ~N-S-trending strike-slip structure located in the area between Saçak village in the north and Kösrelik village in the south. Pre-Upper Pliocene rocks …
Tectonic Implications Of Some Cretaceous Pillow Basalts From The North Anatolian Ophiolitic Mélange(Central Anatolia-Turkey) To The Evolution Of Neotethys, Bora Rojay, Kenan M. Yaliniz, Demi̇r Altiner
Tectonic Implications Of Some Cretaceous Pillow Basalts From The North Anatolian Ophiolitic Mélange(Central Anatolia-Turkey) To The Evolution Of Neotethys, Bora Rojay, Kenan M. Yaliniz, Demi̇r Altiner
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The most widespread blocks within the North Anatolian ophiolitic mélange of central Anatolia (Turkey) are ophiolitic fragments, Jurassic-Cretaceous carbonate blocks and pillow basalts. The blocks of pillow basalts have an immobile trace-element geochemistry that is characteristic of ocean-island alkali basalts. An N-MORB-normalized spider diagram shows a distinctive enrichment of most incompatible trace elements and exhibits a far greater range of absolute abundances than N-MORB. Selected incompatible-element contents and ratios of basalts show high Ba/Nb (~8),low Zr/Nb(~5)and low La/Nb(~0.5)relative to N-MORB. The presence of thin-shelled \"Protoglobigerina\" and Cadosina associated with miliolids and epistominid foraminifers indicates that the age of the pink …
Post-Collisional Magmatism On The Northern Margin Of The Taurides And Its Geological Implications: Geology And Petrology Of The Yahyalı-Karamadazı Granitoid, Gonca Gençali̇oğlu Kuşcu, M. Cemal Göncüoğlu, İlkay Kuşcu
Post-Collisional Magmatism On The Northern Margin Of The Taurides And Its Geological Implications: Geology And Petrology Of The Yahyalı-Karamadazı Granitoid, Gonca Gençali̇oğlu Kuşcu, M. Cemal Göncüoğlu, İlkay Kuşcu
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The Karamadazı Granitoid (Yahyalı-Kayseri) is a typical example of bimodal magmatism on the northern margin of the Eastern Tauride belt. The Karamadazı Granitoid intrudes the Palaeozoic-Mesozoic Yahyalı metamorphic rocks and is unconformably overlain by Upper Maastrichtian clastics. It consists of granodiorite-quartz diorite as the main intrusive phase, and includes leucogranites and aplitic dykes in its marginal parts. Samples from the Karamadazı Granitoid are calc-alkaline and calcic in character. The granodiorites are mainly metaluminous, whereas leucogranites and aplites are weakly peraluminous in nature. Plots of major-element oxides against SiO2 indicate a poor fractionation trend for the granodiorites. The leucogranites represent highly …
Geochemistry And Mineralogy Of The Skarns In The Çelebi District, Kırıkkale, Turkey, İlkay Kuşcu
Geochemistry And Mineralogy Of The Skarns In The Çelebi District, Kırıkkale, Turkey, İlkay Kuşcu
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The Çelebi district is well known for its polymetallic Fe-W and Cu vein ores. These ores are hosted by calcic skarn zones, which are broadly classified as \"intrusive around skarn\" type. Both exoskarns (pyroxene-garnet) and endoskarns (epidote-pyroxene) occur in the district. The formation of endoskarns is manifested by complete replacement of plagioclase by epidote and pyroxene; the epidotized granitoids are regarded as incipient and/or early metasomatic products. The abundance of pyroxene in endoskarns tends to increase with plagioclase content and within the groundmass of the granitoids towards exoskarn zones. The increase in pyroxene is also coincident with the formation of …
A Proposal For A Method To Establish Natural-Hazard-Based Land-Use Planning: The Adapazarı Case Study, Alper Çabuk
A Proposal For A Method To Establish Natural-Hazard-Based Land-Use Planning: The Adapazarı Case Study, Alper Çabuk
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
As a result of recent disasters in northwest Turkey (Marmara earthquake August 17, 1999/Düzce earthquake November 12, 1999), many buildings collapsed and many people experienced physical and mental problems. We can suppose that the problems caused by these earthquakes will be solved in the future, but geological studies show that the problems will not disappear in that many scientists are predicting a new disaster that will affect the same region. A design of natural-hazard land-use planning for minimising the consequences of recent and possible earthquakes is presented herein. The Adapazarı case is used to demonstrate the fundamentals of this study. …
Obituary, Aral İ. Okay, M. Cemal Göncüoğlu
Obituary, Aral İ. Okay, M. Cemal Göncüoğlu
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
No abstract provided.
Cover And Contents
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
No abstract provided.
Meta-Genetic Programming: Co-Evolving The Operators Of Variation, Bruce Edmonds
Meta-Genetic Programming: Co-Evolving The Operators Of Variation, Bruce Edmonds
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
The standard Genetic Programming approach is augmented by co-evolving the genetic operators. To do this the operators are coded as trees of indefinite length. In order for this technique to work, the language that the operators are defined in must be such that it preserves the variation in the base population. This technique can varied by adding further populations of operators and changing which populations act as operators for others, including itself, thus to provide a framework for a whole set of augmented GP techniques. The technique is tested on the parity problem. The pros and cons of the technique …
Fuzzy Modeling Approach For Integrated Assessments Using Cultural Theory, Adnan Yazici, Fred E. Petry, Curt Pendergraft
Fuzzy Modeling Approach For Integrated Assessments Using Cultural Theory, Adnan Yazici, Fred E. Petry, Curt Pendergraft
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
It has already been noted that the accurate prediction of societal responses requires the use of a formal model based on some social or cultural taxonomy. One such taxonomic candidate is Cultural Theory (CT). CT argues that all societies, irrespective of time or place, are informed by their underlying worldviews, which must be more or less Hierarchic, more or less Individualistic, more or less Egalitarian, and more or less Fatalistic. This approach appears to have a potential for cross-temporal and spatial comparisons that makes it a particularly attractive instrument for a study of the human dimensions of global climate change. …
An Integrated Design-Object Modeling Environment -- Pluggable Metamodel Mechanism --, Masaharu Yoshioka, Takayuki Sekiya, Tetsuo Tomiyama
An Integrated Design-Object Modeling Environment -- Pluggable Metamodel Mechanism --, Masaharu Yoshioka, Takayuki Sekiya, Tetsuo Tomiyama
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
We propose a new integrated computational environment to support design object modeling, during engineering design process that requires a variety of design object models, such as a geometric model, a control model, and a finite element model. To integrate multiple design object models, we have developed a mechanism called a metamodel mechanism that maintains consistency among various models. The metamodel mechanism represents relationships among concepts used in these models and is useful, for example, to conduct concurrent engineering practices. In this framework, we formalize a design process as operations to the metamodel. This paper expands the concept of the metamodel …
Cover And Contents
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
No abstract provided.
Bag Distributed Real-Time Operating System And Task Migration, Beki̇r Tevfi̇k Akgün
Bag Distributed Real-Time Operating System And Task Migration, Beki̇r Tevfi̇k Akgün
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
BAG is a distributed operating system designed for real-time applications which is run on a distributed real-time system. The heterogeneously distributed BAG system consists of nodes which have VME-bus chassis, different types of processor modules, and an interconnection network. The operating system has three main parts having distributed properties: task migration, load balancing and a distributed file system. Heterogeneous task migration is based on the extended finite state machine (EFSM) programming model. The EFMS model has also eased the implementation of the migration mechanism. The load balancing algorithm is centralized in one node. But the overall system will be a …
All-Optical Networking, Altan Koçyi̇ği̇t, Demeter Gökişik, Semi̇h Bi̇lgen
All-Optical Networking, Altan Koçyi̇ği̇t, Demeter Gökişik, Semi̇h Bi̇lgen
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
A survey of recent literature on all optical networking is presented. Starting from multiplexing techniques and topological features, network design and performance issues are reviewed. Particular attention is devoted to Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) networks. Static and dynamic solutions of the routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) problem are considered. Issues of current research are summarized.
Avalanche And Bit Independence Properties For The Ensembles Of Randomly Chosen N \Times N S-Boxes, Işil Vergi̇li̇, Melek D. Yücel
Avalanche And Bit Independence Properties For The Ensembles Of Randomly Chosen N \Times N S-Boxes, Işil Vergi̇li̇, Melek D. Yücel
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Cryptographic test methods such as avalanche, strict avalanche and bit independence criteria, which measure the degree of security of the s-boxes of substitution-permutation networks, are applied to randomly generated ensembles of ( n \times n \) s-boxes. Statistical analysis of experimental data directs the work towards defining ``relative errors'' and examining the avalanche and strict avalanche criteria within ``relative error ranges''. Histograms of relative errors in each ensemble are evaluated, and combining the results of different ensembles corresponding to different values of the s-box size, variations of maximum relative errors versus the size of the s-box are depicted. Some predictions …
Performance Evaluation Of Safer K-64 And S-Boxes Of The Safer Family, Ekrem Aras, Melek D. Yücel
Performance Evaluation Of Safer K-64 And S-Boxes Of The Safer Family, Ekrem Aras, Melek D. Yücel
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
If the characteristics of s-boxes of the SAFER family of ciphers are examined for the criteria of strict avalanche, bit independence, and XOR table distribution, experiments show that the ``exponentiating'' s-box has a weakness for an input difference of 128 (=10000000_{2}) and the ``logarithm-taking'' s-box has a weakness for an input difference of 253 (=11111101_{2}). However, since these experiments are performed by isolating the s-boxes from the general structure, they do not necessarily indicate a weakness in the overall algorithm. We propose a quick and rough test method, called the avalanche weight distribution criterion, to evaluate the overall performance of …
A More Efficient Design And Implementation Of Cal Programs In Natural Science Using Object-Oriented Technology, Jurgen Friedrich
A More Efficient Design And Implementation Of Cal Programs In Natural Science Using Object-Oriented Technology, Jurgen Friedrich
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
With the amount and complexity of science topics and applications increasing, the need for appropriate and effective science education is constantly growing. Computer-based education is very promising to help both teachers and learners in their difficult task, which involves complex psychological processes. This complexity is reflected in high demands on the design and implementation methods used to create computer-assisted learning (CAL) programs. Due to their concepts, flexibility, maintainability and extended library resources, object-oriented technology (OOT) is very suitable to producing this type of pedagogical tool. The introduced approach is demonstrated by a basketball simulation program for instruction in Newtonian mechanics …
Ota-C Based Proportional-Integral-Derivative (Pid) Controller And Calculating Optimum Parameter Tolerances, Cevat Erdal, Ali̇ Toker, Cevdet Acar
Ota-C Based Proportional-Integral-Derivative (Pid) Controller And Calculating Optimum Parameter Tolerances, Cevat Erdal, Ali̇ Toker, Cevdet Acar
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers are one of the most important control elements used in the process control industry. In practice, operational amplifiers are generally used in analog controllers. On the other hand, the operational transconductance amplifiers recently developed, which have some positive properties compared to operational amplifiers, are not used in analog controller design at present. Furthermore, the optimum parameter tolerances for the proposed PID circuit by the use of parameter sensitivities are determined. These tolerances keep the relative error at the output of the controller due to parameter variations in the tolerance region.
Cover And Contents
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
No abstract provided.
Cover And Contents
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
No abstract provided.