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Current Trends And Future Implications In Sepsis Treatment, Bariş Doğu Yildiz, Kaya Yorganci
Current Trends And Future Implications In Sepsis Treatment, Bariş Doğu Yildiz, Kaya Yorganci
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Sepsis is a systemic illness caused by invasion of tissues by pathogens. It is highly lethal, causing circulatory failure and death. There has been extensive research trying to identify possible therapies for sepsis. Apart from source control, and antibiotic and supportive therapy, glucocorticoids, anticoagulant agents, and immunoglobulins have been tried in both the experimental setting and in septic patients. Newer strategies include novel anticoagulant agents like ethyl pyruvate, statins, insulin receptor modulators and Toll-like receptor modulators. This review article summarizes both the current therapies and endeavors for future treatment in sepsis.
Oropharyngeal Anthrax, Abdullah Taş, Recep Yağiz, Şaban Gürcan, Deni̇z Karaoğlu
Oropharyngeal Anthrax, Abdullah Taş, Recep Yağiz, Şaban Gürcan, Deni̇z Karaoğlu
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Aims: To report a rare case of oropharyngeal anthrax. Materials and Methods: A case report of oropharyngeal anthrax is presented together with the related world literature. Results: A 70-year-old female patient with respiratory distress and extensive swelling of neck, soft palate and uvula is presented. There was ecchymosis on the neck circumferentially. Bacillus anthracis grew in the blood culture. The patient died of toxemia and sepsis. Conclusions: Oropharyngeal anthrax is the least common form of anthrax. This acute illness should be added to the differential diagnosis of inflammatory lesion of the oropharynx with extensive neck swelling. Successful diagnosis of anthrax …
Forensic Emergency Medicine - Six-Year Experience Of 13823 Cases In A University Emergency Department, Ahmet Demi̇rcan, Ayfer Keleş, Nesli̇han Gürbüz, Fi̇kret Bi̇ldi̇k, Şahender Gülbi̇n Aygencel, Nuretti̇n Özgür Doğan, Okşan Deri̇nöz, Taner Akar
Forensic Emergency Medicine - Six-Year Experience Of 13823 Cases In A University Emergency Department, Ahmet Demi̇rcan, Ayfer Keleş, Nesli̇han Gürbüz, Fi̇kret Bi̇ldi̇k, Şahender Gülbi̇n Aygencel, Nuretti̇n Özgür Doğan, Okşan Deri̇nöz, Taner Akar
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Aims: Clinical forensic medicine deals with cases involving both the legal and medical aspects of patient care, such as motor vehicle trauma or poisoning. In this study, we aimed to draw attention to the forensic issues by retrospective investigation of 13823 emergency cases and to share our experiences on this topic. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in a university Emergency Department (ED) in Ankara, Turkey. The data were collected from official hospital police sheets. Results: Between 2000 and 2005, 13823 legal cases (3.66% of all ED patients) were examined, and 58.23% of them were male. The mean …
Micronutrients And Animal Nutrition And The Link Between The Application Of Micronutrients To Crops And Animal Health, George E. J. Fisher
Micronutrients And Animal Nutrition And The Link Between The Application Of Micronutrients To Crops And Animal Health, George E. J. Fisher
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Micronutrients (or 'trace elements') are required in animal diets for health and welfare, and therefore they are essential for the agricultural production of milk, meat, fibre, and eggs. It is clear from the literature that deficiencies of micronutrients, particularly in their sub-clinical form where they are not visually apparent, can result in major reductions in productivity. Micronutrients are used mostly as the central elements of enzymes and co-enzymes in the biochemistry of ruminants and monogastrics. Thus, their deficiency often leads to sub-optimal growth and fertility. Within the farming system, the aim should be to only use supplementation with micronutrients where …
Pilot Study For An Assessment Of Vegetation Structure For Steppe Rangelands Of Central Anatolia, Hüseyi̇n Kansur Firincioğlu, Bi̇lal Şahi̇n, Steven Seefeldt, Fehmi̇ Mert, Basri̇ Hakan Hakyemez, Meci̇t Vural
Pilot Study For An Assessment Of Vegetation Structure For Steppe Rangelands Of Central Anatolia, Hüseyi̇n Kansur Firincioğlu, Bi̇lal Şahi̇n, Steven Seefeldt, Fehmi̇ Mert, Basri̇ Hakan Hakyemez, Meci̇t Vural
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
In the last 50 years, rangelands in the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey have been converted to cropping lands, which has negatively accelerated vegetation change, resulting in overgrazing and poor condition and productivity. In these steppe rangelands, to develop a rational basis for making restoration and management decisions, the vegetation structure must be well understood. Thus, the objectives of this study were to: (1) define vegetation patterns through assessing spatial distribution of the plant species and groups, (2) evaluate the relationships between vegetation and environmental aspects and range condition, and (3) outline possible restoration implementations. Therefore, a study was carried …
A Species Of Nilotonia Thor, 1905 (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Anisitsiellidae) New For The Turkish Fauna, Yunus Ömer Boyaci, Muhli̇s Özkan
A Species Of Nilotonia Thor, 1905 (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Anisitsiellidae) New For The Turkish Fauna, Yunus Ömer Boyaci, Muhli̇s Özkan
Turkish Journal of Zoology
Nilotonia (Manotonia) tegulata (Viets 1951), known previously from Africa and Italy, is new for the Turkish fauna. The morphological features are compared with similar species, and an identification key for subgenera of the genus Nilotonia is given. The subgenus Manotonia is also reported for the first time from Turkey.
Effects Of A Neem Sample On Protein Patterns Of Bactrocera Cucurbitae, Nikhat Yasmin, Mohammad Farhanullah Khan, Muhammad Samiullah Channa, Zeeshan Ali
Effects Of A Neem Sample On Protein Patterns Of Bactrocera Cucurbitae, Nikhat Yasmin, Mohammad Farhanullah Khan, Muhammad Samiullah Channa, Zeeshan Ali
Turkish Journal of Zoology
Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) adults were reared with 5% honey solution, sugar, and protein-hydrolysate. Females were provided to lay eggs on larval rearing media in a bottle gourd. Twenty third-instar larvae of the same size and age were exposed to filter papers treated with varying doses of a neem sample in 90 mm diameter petri dishes for 24 h. A probit-mortality curve was drawn to determine the LC_{50} of the sample. LC_{50} dose of the sample was calculated as 5.6%. Thin layer chromatography was used to determine the effects of neem sample on the protein patterns of the treated insect. The …
Production Potential Of A Natural Pasture Compared To A Wheat Pasture, Both Grazed By Lactating Goats Under Mediterranean Climate Conditions, Basri̇ Hakan Hakyemez, Ahmet Gökkuş, İsmai̇l Yaman Yurtman, Türker Savaş
Production Potential Of A Natural Pasture Compared To A Wheat Pasture, Both Grazed By Lactating Goats Under Mediterranean Climate Conditions, Basri̇ Hakan Hakyemez, Ahmet Gökkuş, İsmai̇l Yaman Yurtman, Türker Savaş
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The aim of this study was to extend the grazing period using a wheat pasture that produced high quality forage, and to compare the productivity of natural and wheat pastures for grazing goats during a 3-year period (2003-2005) in a Mediterranean zone of Turkey. Twelve 3-4-year-old Saanen goats were allocated to each pasture (10 goats ha^{-1}). Pastures were grazed for 2 months (May and June) in 2003 and for 3 months (April, May, and June) in 2004 and 2005. In the study, pasture yield and hay intake, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) content …
Chitinase Production By Serratia Marcescens Gg5, Gursharan Singh, Joginder Ram Sharma, Gurinder Singh Hoondal
Chitinase Production By Serratia Marcescens Gg5, Gursharan Singh, Joginder Ram Sharma, Gurinder Singh Hoondal
Turkish Journal of Biology
Swollen chitin, flake chitin, powder chitin, and mushroom paste were used as substrates for chitinase production by Serratia marcescens GG5 in submerged fermentation. Enzyme production was 0.3 U/ml when the organism was grown in M9 medium supplemented with 0.5% swollen chitin and 0.5% soluble starch. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that Serratia marcescens GG5 digested the chitin flakes by producing chitinase.
The Effects Of Mistletoe (Viscum Album L. Subsp. Album) Extracts On Isolated Intestinal Contractions, Alper Karakaş, Erdi̇nç Seri̇n, Bülent Gündüz, Arzu Uçar Türker
The Effects Of Mistletoe (Viscum Album L. Subsp. Album) Extracts On Isolated Intestinal Contractions, Alper Karakaş, Erdi̇nç Seri̇n, Bülent Gündüz, Arzu Uçar Türker
Turkish Journal of Biology
Throughout history folk medicine has served as an alternative or complimentary method of treating disorders like intestinal colic. Mistletoe is a common name for many species of semi-parasitic plants that grow on trees throughout the world, and has been used widely to treat intestinal colic. We conducted a study to evaluate the effect of freeze-dried (group 1) and heat-treated (group 2) extracts of Viscum album subsp. album leaves on contractions induced by acetylcholine in isolated hamster intestinal segments (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum). Freeze-dried extracts decreased intestinal contractions in all the intestinal segments (P < 0.05). The strongest relaxant effect was observed in the jejunum and the weakest was seen in the duodenum. Higher doses of heat-treated extracts were required to affect segmental contractions than that of freeze-dried extracts (P < 0.05); heat-treated extracts had the greatest effect on reducing contractions in the jejunum and the least effect in the duodenum. Mistletoe extracts affected the level of contractions in a dose- and extraction preparation-dependent manner. The results of this study show that mistletoe extracts could be effective against intestinal motility problems and that they have potential use as a therapeutic remedy for intestinal colic.
In Vivo Anti-Ulcerogenic Activity Of Equisetum Telmateia Ehrh. Extracts Used In Turkish Folk Medicine, İlhan Gürbüz, Erdem Yeşi̇lada
In Vivo Anti-Ulcerogenic Activity Of Equisetum Telmateia Ehrh. Extracts Used In Turkish Folk Medicine, İlhan Gürbüz, Erdem Yeşi̇lada
Turkish Journal of Biology
The aerial part of Equisetum telmateia Ehrh. is used against various conditions including stomachache and peptic ulcer in Turkish folk medicine. In order to prove the claimed anti-ulcerogenic potential of the plant, aqueous and methanol extracts were prepared from aerial parts of E. telmateia and investigated for their anti-ulcerogenic effect on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in rats. Pharmacological experiments clearly demonstrated that the oral administration of both methanol and aqueous extracts of Equisetum telmateia Ehrh. plant showed significant stomach protection (77.9% and 100% ulcer inhibition, respectively) against the applied model of ulcerogenesis (P < 0.001). Since both extracts were found significantly active, 80% ethanol was preferred for the extraction of the plant material and this crude methanolic extract was further fractionated by successive solvent extractions with chloroform and H_2O saturated n-BuOH to obtain the chloroform and n-BuOH extracts as well as the remaining aqueous extract. The 80% ethanol extract and the solvent extracts were then submitted to pharmacological assay using the same in vivo experimental ulcer model. All the extracts statistically showed potent anti-ulcerogenic effect on this model (P < 0.001). However, the remaining aqueous extract was found prominent (98.2% ulcer inhibition). Consequently, folkloric utilization of E. telmateia on peptic ulcer has been confirmed in the present study by using ethanol-induced experimental ulcer model in rats.
Analysis Of Ki-Ras Exon 2 Gene Mutations In 3-Methylcholanthrene And Butylated Hydroxytoluene-Induced Rat Lung Tissues, Fi̇kri̇ye Polat, Öztürk Özdemi̇r, Şahende Elagöz
Analysis Of Ki-Ras Exon 2 Gene Mutations In 3-Methylcholanthrene And Butylated Hydroxytoluene-Induced Rat Lung Tissues, Fi̇kri̇ye Polat, Öztürk Özdemi̇r, Şahende Elagöz
Turkish Journal of Biology
3-Methylcholanthrene (MCA) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and potent carcinogenic agent that is often used in experimental cancer studies. Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) has been widely used for many years as an antioxidant to preserve and stabilize the freshness, nutritional value, flavor, and color of foods. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the application of MCA and BHT in the development of lung cancer, and to detect any mutation in the Ki-ras gene exon 2. Rats were killed by cervical dislocation 26 weeks after the last BHT injection and lung tissues were surgically removed. Lung …
Global Economics Of Nutrient Cycling, Bert H. Janssen, Oene Oenema
Global Economics Of Nutrient Cycling, Bert H. Janssen, Oene Oenema
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
This paper briefly discusses global human requirements of protein nitrogen (N) from crops and animals, and then estimates the need for fertilizer N as a function of N use efficiency, and the recycling of N from animal manure and sewage wastes. These estimates are based on various assumptions and simple calculations. Results suggest that globally only 1% of N input is retained, 28% is lost to the wider environment, and some 70% is potentially available for recycling via manure and sewage. In addition, large amounts of nutrients recycle via crop residues. In practice, only a fraction of this potential is …
The Effect Of Micronutrients In Ensuring Efficient Use Of Macronutrients, Mohammad Jafar Malakouti
The Effect Of Micronutrients In Ensuring Efficient Use Of Macronutrients, Mohammad Jafar Malakouti
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Micronutrient deficiency is widespread in many Asian countries due to the calcareous nature of soils, high pH, low organic matter, salt stress, continuous drought, high bicarbonate content in irrigation water, and imbalanced application of fertilizers. Some of the adverse effects of micronutrient deficiency-induced stress in plants include low crop yield and quality, imperfect plant morphological structure (such as fewer xylem vessels of small size), widespread infestation of various diseases and pests, low activation of phytosiderophores, and lower fertilizer use efficiency. The absence of micronutrient fertilizers results in inadequate absorption of trace elements by plants, which causes substantial yield losses in …
Taxonomy And Threatened Categories Of Three Achillea L. (Asteraceae-Anthemideae) Species Previously Cited In The Data Deficient (Dd) Category, Turan Arabaci, Bayram Yildiz
Taxonomy And Threatened Categories Of Three Achillea L. (Asteraceae-Anthemideae) Species Previously Cited In The Data Deficient (Dd) Category, Turan Arabaci, Bayram Yildiz
Turkish Journal of Botany
This study presents the taxonomy and threatened categories of 3 Achillea L. (Asteraceae-Anthemideae) species: A. membranacea (Labill.) DC., A. brachyphylla Boiss. & Hausskn., and A. boissieri Hausskn. ex Boiss. These species belong to sect. Babounya (DC.) O.Hoffm. and were previously placed in the data deficient (DD) category in the Red Data Book of Turkish Plants. Descriptions, localities, distribution map, and images of the species are given. Threatened categories of the species were determined as A. membranacea in VU, and A. brachyphylla and A. boissieri in EN.
Determination Of Airborne Lead Contamination In Cichorium Intybus L. In An Urban Environment, Di̇lmaç Yakupoğlu, Tüli̇n Güray, Deni̇z Yurtsever Sarica, Zeki̇ Kaya
Determination Of Airborne Lead Contamination In Cichorium Intybus L. In An Urban Environment, Di̇lmaç Yakupoğlu, Tüli̇n Güray, Deni̇z Yurtsever Sarica, Zeki̇ Kaya
Turkish Journal of Botany
The major source of environmental lead (Pb) is the combustion of leaded gasoline. After emission as exhaust, lead in the air falls to earth and contaminates soil and plants. Seventeen wild chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) plant samples were collected from each of 2 urban sites in Ankara, one is located at the road side of major intercity road (heavy traffic) and the other one is located in relatively less traffic area that is about 1 km away from the first location. Lead content of chicory plants were analyzed by a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The mean lead concentrations in the …
Studies On The Effect Of Maleic Hydrazide On Root Tip Cells And Pollen Fertility In Trigonella Foenum-Graecum L., Farha Jabee, Mohammad Yunus Khalil Ansari, Danish Shahab
Studies On The Effect Of Maleic Hydrazide On Root Tip Cells And Pollen Fertility In Trigonella Foenum-Graecum L., Farha Jabee, Mohammad Yunus Khalil Ansari, Danish Shahab
Turkish Journal of Botany
In the present investigation, the effect of maleic hydrazide (MH) has been studied on seed germination, mitosis, and pollen fertility of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. to test its cytotoxicity. Six different concentrations (0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03% 0.04%, 0.05%, and 0.06%) of maleic hydrazide (MH) were given at seed level. The abnormalities noticed were both physiological and clastogenic. Fragments, stickiness of chromosomes, univalents, multivalents, and anaphase bridges were the most frequent abnormalities. The decrease in seed germination and pollen fertility was found significant at 0.05 level. Mitotic index reduced gradually as the concentrations of Maleic Hydrazide increased and it was found significant at …
Challenges Of In Situ Conservation Of Crop Wild Relatives, Vernon Hilton Heywood
Challenges Of In Situ Conservation Of Crop Wild Relatives, Vernon Hilton Heywood
Turkish Journal of Botany
Crop wild relatives (CWRs) will gain in importance as changing climates put both traditional and advanced cultivars under increasing stress, leading to a need for plant breeding to produce new varieties able to grow under the new climate regimes. Traditionally, the approach to the conservation of CWRs has been ex situ - the collection and maintenance of seed accessions in national, regional, and international germplasm banks, supplemented by field genebanks for species with recalcitrant seeds. More recently the need to maintain CWRs in their natural habitats (in situ) has been advocated. This is very different from on-farm conservation of traditional …
Growth And Reproduction Properties Of Capoeta Trutta (Heckel,1843) In Karakaya Dam Lake, Ercan Kalkan
Growth And Reproduction Properties Of Capoeta Trutta (Heckel,1843) In Karakaya Dam Lake, Ercan Kalkan
Turkish Journal of Zoology
In this study, 510 samples of Capoeta trutta living in Karakaya Dam Lake were studied. After determining sex distribution, size (length and weight), growth rates, and growth conditions factors of 210 C. trutta specimens were examined. The number of female and male specimens was 104 and 106, respectively. The age of females and males ranged between 1-7 and 0-7 years, respectively. The age-length, age-weight, and length-weight curves were constructed. According to the von Bertalanffy equation, females and males were: L_t = 89.5[1-e^{-0.0571(t+2.4138))}], W_t = 9627.1[1-e^{0.0571(t+2.4238))}]^{3.0325} L_t = 76.4[1-e^{-0.0604(t+2.6514))}], W_t = 5207.2[1-e^{0.0604(t+2.6514))}]^{2.9322}, respectively . The calculated length-weight relation (W) was 0.0116 …
The Natural History Of The Egyptian Fruit Bat, Rousettus Aegyptiacus, In Turkey (Mammalia: Chiroptera), İrfan Albayrak, Nursel Aşan, Tarkan Yorulmaz
The Natural History Of The Egyptian Fruit Bat, Rousettus Aegyptiacus, In Turkey (Mammalia: Chiroptera), İrfan Albayrak, Nursel Aşan, Tarkan Yorulmaz
Turkish Journal of Zoology
Aspects of the ecology, karyology, and taxonomic status of the Egyptian fruit bat, Rousettus aegyptiacus, in the Mediterranean region of Turkey were investigated based on 41 specimens obtained between 1977 and 2003. Distribution, external and cranial morphometrics, pelage coloration, baculum morphology, karyology, colony size, roosting and feeding ecology, and conservation and management issues were recorded. The fruit bat in Turkey is represented by the nominate subspecies, R. a. aegyptiacus. Sexual dimorphism was recorded in pelage coloration and morphometric data. The diploid number of chromosomes (2n) is 36. Records of feeding behavior were obtained from both field and laboratory studies. Seasonal …