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Translational Correlations In The Vortex Array At The Surface Of A Type-Ii Superconductor, M. Cristina Marchetti, David R. Nelson

Physics - All Scholarship

We discuss the statistical mechanics of magnetic flux lines in a finite-thickness slab of type-II superconductor. The long wavelength properties of a flux-line liquid in a slab geometry are described by a hydrodynamic free energy that incorporates the boundary conditions on the flux lines at the sample's surface as a surface contribution to the free energy. Bulk and surface weak disorder are modeled via Gaussian impurity potentials. This free energy is used to evaluate the two-dimensional structure factor of the flux-line tips at the sample surface. We find that surface interaction always dominates in determining the decay of translational correlations …

The Importance Of Employer Accommodation On The Job Duration Of Workers With Disabilities: A Hazard Model Approach, Richard V. Burkhauser, J.S. Butler, Yang Woo Kim

Center for Policy Research

In line with policies long in place in Western Europe, United States disability policy is now attempting to intervene directly in the labor market to increase the employment of people with disabilities. Beginning in July, 1992, the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 required employers to provide reasonable accommodation to workers with disabilities. Here we use a continuous time hazard model on retrospective data from the 1978 Social Security Survey of Disability and Work to estimate the effect of employer accommodation on the subsequent job tenure of workers who suffer a work limiting health impairment. We show that the risk …

Non-Relativistic Qcd For Heavy Quark Systems, Simon Catterall, F. R. Devlin, I. T. Drummond, R. R. Horgan, A. D. Simpson

Physics - All Scholarship

We employ a nonrelativistic version of QCD (NRQCD) to study heavy quark-antiquark bound states in the lowest approximation without fine structure. We use gluon configurations on a 16^3 by 48 lattice at beta=6.2 from the UKQCD collaboration. For quark masses in the vicinity of the b we obtain bound state masses for S, P and both types of D wave. We also detect signals for two types of hybrids (quark,antiquark,gluon states). The results are sufficiently accurate to confirm that the values of the D wave mass from both lattice D waves coincide indicating that the cubical invariance of the lattice …

Symmetry Breaking In A Generalized Skyrme Model, Joseph Schechter

Physics - All Scholarship

We first outline the calculations of the neutron-proton mass difference and of the axial singlet matrix element (relevant to the "proton spin" puzzle) in a generalized Skyrme model of pseudoscalars and vectors. These two calculations are, perhaps surprisingly, linked to each other and furthermore are sensitive to some fine details of symmetry breaking in the effective meson Lagrangian. This provides a motivation for us to examine these symmetry breaking terms more closely. We find a qualitatively new feature in the symmetry breaking pattern of the vector meson system and discuss its significance. (Talk at Workshop on "Baryons as Skyrme Solitons," …

Effective Hadron Dynamics: From Meson Masses To The Proton Spin Puzzle, Joseph Schechter, A Subbaraman, H. Weigel

Physics - All Scholarship

We construct a three flavor chiral Lagrangian of pseudoscalars and vectors with special emphasis on the symmetry breaking terms. Comparing tree level two and three point functions with experiment allows us to first, fix the parameters of the model (including the light quark mass ratios) and second, to predict m(K^{*+})-m(K^{*\circ}),\, \Gamma(K^*\rightarrow K\pi) and \Gamma(\phi\rightarrow K {\overline K}). The last mentioned quantities come out reasonably well, in contrast to an ``ordinary" SU(3) treatment. For this purpose we need ``second order" symmetry breakers involving the vector fields analogous to those needed for the chiral perturbation theory program with only pseudoscalars. An improved …

The Life And Work Of S.M. Dubnov: Disapora Nationalism And Jewish History, Ken Frieden

Religion - All Scholarship

Review of Sophie Dubnov-Erligh's work The Life and Work of S.M. Dubnov: Diaspora Nationalism and Jewish History. Translated by Judith Vowles, and edited by Jeffrey Shandler.

Stephen Crane At Claverack College: A New Reading, Thomas A. Gullason

The Courier

BEFORE HIS ONE-YEAR STINT as a college student-first at Lafayette College (September to December 1890), then at Syracuse University (January to June 1891) Stephen Crane attended two coeducational preparatory schools with strong Methodist ties: Pennington Seminary (September 1885 to December 1887), and Claverack College and Hudson River Institute (January 1888 to June 1890). Both schools were to play key roles in young Crane's literary, cultural, and intellectual life. The new evidence offered in this essay corrects long-held positions regarding why Stephen left Pennington for Claverack and the "diminished" reputation of Claverack as a preparatory school.

The Kipling Collection At Syracuse, Thomas Pinney

The Courier

The following is an edited transcript of the talk given by Professor Pinney to the Syracuse University Library Associates on 25 September 1992. Professor Pinney is the editor of The Letters of Rudyard Kipling.

Though Kipling is known to have visited New York State, it is unlikely that he ever saw the streets of Syracuse. However, he is notably present in the city now through the large, important, and growing collection of his letters and printed works assembled here in the George Arents Research Library for Special Collections. There are other important Kipling collections in the United States. Kipling's great …

News Of The Library And The Library Associates, From Courier, Vol. Xxvi, No. 2, Fall 1992, Syracuse University Library Associates

The Courier

71125: Fifty Years of Silence and B 11226: Fifty Years of Silence, Artists' Books on the Holocaust. Purchased with funds from the Jerome and Arlene Gerber Endowment Fund.

The Library recently acquired two limited-edition artists' books in which Holocaust survivors Eva and Eugene Kellner recall their experiences in Nazi concentration camps. The books were designed and printed by their daughter Tatana, who is artistic director ofthe Women's Studio Workshop in Rosendale, New York.

Fore-Edge Paintings At Syracuse University, Jeff Weber

The Courier

MANY PEOPLE, EVEN BOOK collectors, have never seen or heard of fore-edge paintings,l though such paintings have embellished books for more than four centuries. The art form originated in sixteenth-century Italy. Fore-edge paintings appeared in England during the mid-seventeenth-century and were produced for about forty years (165 I -ca. 1690). They reappeared in 1785 with the firm of Edwards of Halifax. Since then, many thousands of books have received fore-edge paintings and, contrary to popular opinion, the great majority of them are products of the twentieth century. Indeed, probably ninety percent of fore-edges available for sale today were painted during …

Courier, Volume Xxvii, Number 2, Fall 1992, Syracuse University Library Associates

The Courier

A Dominican Gradual ofSaints, circa 1500 / George Catalano, p. 3 -- Stephen Crane at Claverack College: A New Reading / Thomas A. Gullason, p. 33 -- Fenimore Cooper's Libel Suits / Constantine Evans, p. 47 -- The Kipling Collection at Syracuse / Thomas Pinney, p. 75 -- Fore-edge Paintings at Syracuse University / Jeff Weber, p. 89 -- News of the Syracuse University Library and the Library Associates, p. 115.

Role Of Light Vector Mesons In The Heavy Particle Chiral Lagrangian, Joseph Schechter, A. Subbaraman

Physics - All Scholarship

We give the general framework for adding "light" vector particles to the heavy hadron effective chiral Lagrangian. This has strong motivations both from the phenomenological and aesthetic standpoints. An application to the already observed D \rightarrow \overbar{K^*} weak transition amplitude is discussed

Numerical Solution Of Laplace's Equation, Per Brinch Hansen

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - Technical Reports

This tutorial discusses Laplace's equation for steady state heat flow in a two-dimensional region with fixed temperatures on the boundaries. The equilibrium temperatures are computed for a square grid using successive overrelaxation with parity ordering of the grid elements. The numerical method is illustrated by a Pascal algorithm. We assume that the reader is familiar with elementary calculus.

Parallel Cellular Automata: A Model Program For Computational Science, Per Brinch Hansen

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - Technical Reports

We develop a model program for parallel execution of cellular automata on a multicomputer. The model program is then adapted for simulation of forest fires and numerical solution of Laplace's equation for stationary heat flow. The performance of the parallel program is analyzed and measured on a Computing Surface configured as a matrix of transputers with distributed memory.

Multiple-Length Division Revisited: A Tour Of The Minefield, Per Brinch Hansen

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - Technical Reports

Long division of natural numbers plays a crucial role in Cobol arithmetic, cryptography, and primality testing. Only a handful of textbooks discuss the theory and practice of long division, and none of them do it satisfactorily. This tutorial attempts to fill this surprising gap in the literature on computer algorithms. We illustrate the subtleties of long division by examples, define the problem concisely, summarize the theory, and develop a complete Pascal algorithm using a consistent terminology.

All-To-Many Communication Avoiding Node Contention, Sanjay Ranka, Jhy-Chun Wang

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - Technical Reports

In this paper we present several algorithms for all-too-many personalized communications which avoid node contention.

The Cosmological Kibble Mechanism In The Laboratory: String Formation In Liquid Crystals, Mark Bowick, L. Chandar, Eric A. Schiff, Ajit M. Srivastava

Physics - All Scholarship

We have observed the production of strings (disclination lines and loops) via the Kibble mechanism of domain (bubble) formation in the isotropic to nematic phase transition of a sample of uniaxial nematic liquid crystal. The probablity of string formation per bubble is measured to be $0.33 \pm 0.01$. This is in good agreement with the theoretical value $1/ \pi$ expected in two dimensions for the order parameter space $S^2/{\bf Z}_2$ of a simple uniaxial nematic liquid crystal.

A Descriptive Study Of The Functional Components Of Browsing., Barbara H. Kwasnik

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

The paper describes a descriptive study of the functional components of browsing, which is viewed as the strategic and adaptive technique that people use to search, scan, navigate through, skim, sample, and explore information systems. Data on browsing is collected from thirty participants -- ten each in three browsing formats: print, command-driven computer version, and hypertext window-environment version. Data collection is by means of several techniques: the collection of thinking-out-loud, task-concurrent protocols; open-question interviews during the task; observation; and video and sound recording. The aim of analysis is to describe functions of browsing such as: orientation, place-marking, transition, comparison, identification, …

Critical Behavior Of Charge Density Waves Below Threshold: Numerical And Scaling Analysis, Alan Middleton, Daniel S. Fisher

Physics - All Scholarship

The critical behavior of pinned charge density waves (CDW's) is studied as the threshold for sliding is approached. Using the Fukuyama-Lee-Rice Hamiltonian with relaxational dynamics, the polarization and linear response are calculated numerically. ... On the irreversible approach to threshold, the response due to avalanches triggered by local instabilities dominates the polarizability, which diverges in one and two dimensions. Characteristic diverging length scales are studied using finite-size scaling of the sample-to-sample variations of the threshold field in finite systems and finite-size effects in the linear polarizability and the irreversible polarization. A dominant diverging correlation length is found which controls the …

Modification Of The Magnetic Flux-Line Interaction At A Superconductor's Surface, M. Cristina Marchetti

Physics - All Scholarship

The pair interaction between magnetic flux lines in a semi-infinite slab of an anisotropic type-II superconductor in an external field is derived in the London limit. The case where the applied field is normal to the superconductor/vacuum interface is considered. The presence of stray fields near the surface leads to an additional contribution to the repulsive interaction between flux lines that vanishes exponentially with the distance from the interface. The pair interaction is used to obtain the continuum elastic energy of a distorted semi-infinite flux-line array. The presence of the superconductor/vacuum interface yields surface contributions to the compressional and tilt …

Discourse-Level Analysis Of Abstracts For Information Retrieval: A Probabilistic Approach, Robert N. Oddy

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

The objective of this research is to contribute to our knowledge of how people seek information, and how computer systems can be designed to help in this process. Most information retrieval research since the field emerged in the 1950's has reduced these questions to that of trying to determine how documents relevant to a user's query might be selected from a large collection of texts---a question that has proved remarkably difficult to answer. The present work takes the stance that this particular reduction increasingly limits progress towards the objective stated above. It is directed instead towards the development of a …

Numerical Study Of C>1 Matter Coupled To Quantum Gravity, Simon Catterall, John B. Kogut, Ray L. Renken

Physics - All Scholarship

We present the results of a numerical simulation aimed at understanding the nature of the `c = 1 barrier' in two dimensional quantum gravity. We study multiple Ising models living on dynamical \phi^3 graphs and analyse the behaviour of moments of the graph loop distribution. We notice a universality at work as the average properties of typical graphs from the ensemble are determined only by the central charge. We further argue that the qualitative nature of these results can be understood from considering the effect of fluctuations about a mean field solution in the Ising sector.

Quantitative Footprinting Analysis Of The Chromomycin A 3 - D N A Interaction, Allison Stankus, Jerry Goodisman, James C. Dabrowiak

Chemistry - All Scholarship

Chromomycin A3 (CHR) binding to the duplex d(CAAGTCTGGCCATCAGTC)- d(GACTGATGGCCAGACTTG) has been studied using quantitative footprinting methods. Previous NMR studies indicated CHR binds as a dimer in the minor groove. Analysis of autoradiographic spot intensities derived from DNase I cleavage of the 18-mer in the presence of various amounts of CHR revealed that the drug binds as a dimer to the sequence 5’-TGGCCA-3’, 3’-ACCGGT-5’ in the 18-mer with a binding constant of (2.7 f 1.4) X lo7 M-l. Footprinting and fluorescence data indicate that the dimerization constant for the drug in solution is -lo5 M-l. Since it has been suggested that …

Self Organization And A Dynamical Transition In Traffic Flow Models, Alan Middleton, Ofer Biham, Dov Levine

Physics - All Scholarship

A simple model that describes traffic flow in two dimensions is studied. A sharp {\it jamming transition } is found that separates between the low density dynamical phase in which all cars move at maximal speed and the high density jammed phase in which they are all stuck. Self organization effects in both phases are studied and discussed.

Three Dimensional Quantum Gravity Coupled To Ising Matter, Simon Catterall, Ray L. Renken, John B. Kogut

Physics - All Scholarship

We establish the phase diagram of three--dimensional quantum gravity coupled to Ising matter. We find that in the negative curvature phase of the quantum gravity there is no disordered phase for ferromagnetic Ising matter because the coordination number of the sites diverges. In the positive curvature phase of the quantum gravity there is evidence for two spin phases with a first order transition between them.

Simulated Annealing, Per Brinch Hansen

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - Technical Reports

This tutorial describes simulated annealing, an optimization method based on the principles of statistical mechanics. Simulated annealing finds near-optimal solutions to optimization problems that cannot be solved exactly because they are NP-complete. The method is illustrated by a Pascal algorithm for the traveling salesperson problem. The performance of the algorithm was measured on a Computing Surface.

Parallel Monte Carlo Trials, Per Brinch Hansen

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - Technical Reports

The best results of Monte Carlo methods are generally obtained by performing the same computation many times with different random numbers. We develop a generic algorithm for parallel execution of Monte Carlo trials on a multicomputer. The generic algorithm has been adapted for simulated annealing and primality testing by simple substitutions of data types and procedures. The performance of the parallel algorithms was measured on a Computing Surface.

Primality Testing, Per Brinch Hansen

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - Technical Reports

This tutorial describes the Miller-Rabin method for testing the primality of large integers. The method is illustrated by a Pascal algorithm. The performance of the algorithm was measured on a Computing Surface.

Designing Efficient Maximum-Likelihood Soft-Decision Decoding Algorithms For Linear Block Codes Using Algorithm A*, Yunghsiang S. Han, Carlos R.P. Hartmann

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - Technical Reports

In this report we present a class of efficient maximum-likelihood soft-decision decoding algorithms for linear block codes. The approach used here is to convert the decoding problem into a search problem through a graph which is a trellis for an equivalent code of the transmitted code. Algorithm A*, which uses a priority-first search strategy, is employed to search through this graph. This search is guided by an evaluation function f defined to take advantage of the information provided by the received vector and the inherent properties of the transmitted code. This function f is used to drastically reduce the search …

Hebrew Poetry Written With A Gothic Script, Ken Frieden

Religion - All Scholarship

Review of Else Lasker-Schueler's work A Study in German-Jewish Literature.