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A Turquoise Bead Necklace From The Patton Site (41hs825), Harrison County, Texas, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Patton or Pea Patch site (41HS825) is an ancestral Caddo settlement with several habitation areas and an associated cemetery on an alluvial terrace (255 ft. amsl) of Arms Creek, a northern-flowing tributary to Big Cypress Creek in the Lake O’ the Pines area of the East Texas Pineywoods. It is known that Buddy C. Jones, later to become a professional archaeologist, located and excavated at the site in 1964, including the investigation of a total of eight burials with a number of funerary offerings. Since Jones’ work, it is also known that extensive digging of more Caddo burials (believed …

Caddo Ceramic Sherd Assemblages From Sites In Smith County, Texas, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The analysis herein of ancestral Caddo ceramic assemblages from sites in Smith County, Texas is a companion piece to the analysis of numerous ceramic collections at the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at The University of Texas at Austin (TARL) from sites in Gregg and Wood counties, Texas. The Smith County collections were obtained in the 1930s and early 1940s by Jack Hughes, then an East Texas resident, but later a legendary Texas Panhandle archaeologist.

Ann M. Early’S Contributions To Caddo Archeology, George Sabo Iii, Mary Beth Trubitt, Kathy Cande

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Following a 48-year career at the Arkansas Archeological Survey, Dr. Ann M. Early retired in June 2020. In this short essay, we highlight her extensive contributions to the archeology of the Caddo area and her research on the culture history of the Caddo people in and south of the Ouachita Mountains.

Processing Matters: 3d Mesh Morphology, Robert Z. Selden Jr., Michael J. Shott, Morgane Dubied

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Substantive advancements have been made toward automating the application of landmarks and semilandmarks. These approaches can aid in expediting the landmarking process, while simultaneously reducing landmarking errors and investigator bias. This study enlists a template-based approach to quantify deviations in mesh processing outputs using a Pontchartrain dart point from the collections of the National Forests and Grasslands in Texas, which was scanned and processed at multiple resolutions using microCT and laser scanners. Following data collection and output, meshes were processed using an automated and replicable workflow. A batch processing protocol was developed in Geomagic Design X and Control X to …

A Geophysical Investigation Of An Approximately 1.95 Acre Portion Of The Old Velasco Site (41bo125), Village Of Surfside Beach, Brazoria County, Texas – Texas Antiquities Permit No. 9419, Jeremy W. Pye, Chris Kneupper

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The report covers a remote-sensing survey near the old mouth of the Brazos River, as part of a decades-long search for remnants of the several forts built there. Fieldwork was done in June-2020 involving ground-penetrating radar, magnetic gradiometry and electric resistance, followed by analysis and minor ground-truthing (selective excavations) through January-2021. The report also contains significant archival research done in the period since August-2019, revealing new details about the 1832 Fort Velasco location, the townsite of (old) Velasco, a Republic of Texas battery, and two Civil-War-era forts. Based on the geophysical results, it is thought that the data shows strong …

The Archaeology, Bioarchaeology, Ethnography, Ethnohistory, And History Bibliography Of The Caddo Indian Peoples Of Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, And Texas, Timothy K. Perttula, Duncan Mckinnon, Scott Hammerstedt

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Archaeology, Bioarchaeology, Ethnography, Ethnohistory, and History Bibliography of the Caddo Indian Peoples of Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas.

Considerations For Post-Processing Parameters In Mixed-Method 3d Analyses: A Mesolithic Mandibular Case Study, Robert Z. Selden Jr., Lauren N. Butaric, Kersten Bergstrom, Dennis Van Gerven

CRHR: Archaeology

The production of three-dimensional (3D) digital meshes of surface and computed tomographic (CT) data has become widespread in morphometric analyses of anthropological and archaeological data. Given that processing methods are not standardized, this leaves questions regarding the comparability of processed and digitally curated 3D datasets. The goal of this study was to identify those processing parameters that result in the most consistent fit between CT-derived meshes and a 3D surface model of the same human mandible. Eight meshes, each using unique thresholding and smoothing parameters, were compared to assess whole-object deviations, deviations along curves, and deviations between specific anatomical features …

Pandemic Policy Preparedness: Unintentional Student Discrimination In The Wake Of Covid-19, Jerry Burkett, Danielle Reynolds

School Leadership Review

Educational leadership requires a set of skills and practices that are shaped by professional ethics. Professional ethics are the dynamics of both personal and professional ethics and requires educational leaders to understand how these ethical codes drive interactions and decisions especially in difficult situations (Shapiro & Stefkovich, 2016). Anderson (2014) argues that educational leaders may not have the deeper understanding of social justice necessary to “better scholarship, but also to better practice” (pp. x) due to the current expectations of leaders including increasing test scores and accountability ratings and addressing social and emotional learning.

Adding to the current expectations of …

Arbor Groves 41ho02 Final Report, Jayden Franke, Reagan Harvey, Ezra Jennings, Gabriella Rivera, Leslie G. Cecil

SFA Archaeology Field School Reports

Arbor Groves, located in the heart of the Piney Woods and west of multiple large bodies of fresh water, was most likely a sanctuary for woodland animals and early Americans. In fact, artifacts from the Clovis period (ca. 10,000 BP) to the modern era have been excavated from the site. Most of the artifacts excavated during the 2016 field season dated to the late Archaic period (8000-500 BC) to the early Woodlands period (beginning approximately 500 BC). The amount of lithic debris and projectile points found strongly suggest that Arbor Groves was a lithic manufacturing site. The manufacture of projectile …

Field Excavation Report Season 1: 2018 Summer Field School Millard’S Farmstead 41na416 Permit #8424, Cassandra Smith, Megan Zewe, Leslie G. Cecil

SFA Archaeology Field School Reports

In the summer of 2018 (June 4-July6), SFA Archaeological Field School (ANT440) was lead by Dr. Leslie G. Cecil and Laura Short (adjunct professor at the time) and had 10 students and one volunteer. The site selected was the Millard’s Farmstead located behind the Nacogdoches ISD Agricultural Center on the Northwest Loop in Nacogdoches, TX. The site is approximately 1.62 acres in area of which only 28 m² were excavated. Alton Frailey (the NISD superintendent at the time) approved the excavation of the site for multiple field seasons. The site currently sits on NISD property. A pedestrian survey in …

2014 Field Excavations At The Little Creek Community Nacogdoches County 41na378, Morgan Ballard, Elizabeth Benitez, Jade Boyce, Leslie G. Cecil, Briana Cox, Cynthia Josie Duke, Mitchell Glover, Jennifer Luce, Monty Mcknight, Samantha Valencia

SFA Archaeology Field School Reports

In the summer of 2014 (June 2-July 3), SFA Archaeological Field School (ANT 440) was led by Dr. Leslie G. Cecil and had 13 students and three volunteers. The site selected was the Little Creek Community (41NA378) that was decimated by the floods of 1974. The site is approximately six acres in area of which only 51 meters² were excavated. Brian Bray approved the selection of the site and gave approval for excavations. Today it is under the Nacogdoches Banita Creek Park and Dog Park in Nacogdoches, TX. The location of the community was based on the ethnographic map …

Applications Of Digital Remote Sensing To Quantify Glacier Change In Glacier And Mount Rainier National Parks, Brianna Clark

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Digital remote sensing and geographic information systems were employed in performing area and volume calculations on glacial landscapes. Characteristics of glaciers from two geographic regions, the Intermountain Region (between the Rocky Mountain and Cascade Ranges) and the Pacific Northwest, were estimated for the years 1985, 2000, and 2015. Glacier National Park was studied for the Intermountain Region whereas Mount Rainier National Park was representative of the glaciers in the Pacific Northwest. Within the thirty year period of the study, the glaciers in Glacier National Park decreased in area by 27.5 percent while those on Mount Rainier only decreased by 5.7 …

Interdistrict Choice And Teacher Beliefs: Implications For Educational Expectations, Equity, And Policymaking, Eric P. Ambroso, Erin Rotheram-Fuller, Daniel D. Liou

Journal of Multicultural Affairs

Interdistrict choice, which allows families to choose between schools outside of their districts of residence, is currently serving more students than any other choice program in the United States. Yet, despite this popularity, there is a pressing need for more research on how interdistrict choice may affect educational equity within U.S. public schools. Drawing on the analytic framework of educational racial contract, this study examines the issue of teacher beliefs in the context of interdistrict choice at a large, urban high school in Arizona, where market-based school choice programs have been continually expanded for nearly three decades. Data were collected …

Does Group Size Matter? The Impact Of Reciprocity On Giving In Local Faith Communities, Jack B. Watson Jr., Karol A. Chandler-Ezell

The Journal of Faith, Education, and Community

We compare and contrast how group size affects the internal structure & relational dynamics of religious communities, ranging from small religious congregations to megachurches (in American society). Classic anthropological economic and evolutionary theory holds that reciprocity, particularly altruistic generalized reciprocity, is most likely to strongly influence small groups, especially kinship-based groups. In the case of non-kin groups, studies of behavior mimicking kin altruism have found that all forms of reciprocity, including extreme giving and high-cost behaviors, are most likely to be found in small social groups with tight bonds, particularly those with shared religious beliefs. In the case of larger …

Cultural Resources Survey For The Granbury East Wastewater Treatment Plant, City Of Granbury, Hood County, Texas (Twdb Project No. 73813), Kevin Stone, Thomas Chapman

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

This report presents the substantive findings of a cultural resources survey for the Granbury East Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Project, which is a component to the Wastewater Phase I Improvements Project reviewed by the Texas Water Development Board [TWDB] under Project No. 73813. The proposed Granbury East WWTP is located within a 10.6-acre (ac) property located at 3121 Old Granbury Road in the City of Granbury, Hood County, Texas.

As the City of Granbury is a political entity of the State of Texas, the City is required to comply with the Antiquities Code of Texas (ACT). In addition, as the …

Final Report: Intensive Archeological Survey For The Proposed Rockport Center For The Arts, Aransas County, Texas, Scotty Moore

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In March 2020, an intensive archeological survey was completed in order to inventory and evaluate archeological resources within the proposed footprint of a new Center for the Arts, Performing Arts, and Conference Center in Aransas County, Texas.

The project is owned and sponsored by the Rockport Center for the Arts. The project area lies adjacent to the Kline’s Café Building, which has been determined eligible for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Under the current preferred alternative, the Kline Café will be relocated to a location outside of the project area. This action is considered “an adverse …

Intensive Cultural Resources Survey Of An Approximately 14.7-Acre Proposed Solar Array Near Calaveras, Wilson County, Texas, Christopher Shelton

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

On behalf of DG Central 1, LLC (DG Central 1), a subsidiary of NextEra Energy Resources, LLC, SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) conducted a cultural resources survey of an approximately 14.7-acre parcel proposed for the Calaveras Solar Project (Project). The Project is proposed to occur on a parcel located immediately east of the intersection of County Road 128 and Farm-to-Market Road 775, near the community of Calaveras, Wilson County, Texas. The proposed Project will consist of a main solar array and ancillary facilities all constructed within the 14.7-acre parcel. Expected Project impacts include widespread surficial modifications with deeper impacts in location …

Negative Findings Report Cultural Resources Survey Fabens Lease 13031, University Lands El Paso County, Texas, Jeff P. Turpin

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

On July 23, 2020, TAS Inc. conducted a cultural resource survey of a 10- acre tract intended to host a truck stop on the northwest corner of IH10 and FM 793 two miles northeast of the town of Fabens, in El Paso County, Texas. The project was sponsored by Ya Rehman, Ent, Inc. and was authorized by Texas Antiquities Permit 9518 with Jeff Turpin acting as Principal Investigator. The tract is a southwest-trending dune between two arroyos. The pavement and construction debris from an abandoned gasoline station occupy the southwestern corner. The current survey and shovel test regime found the …

Archaeological Monitoring Associated With Geotechnical Boring For The Cenotaph Relocation In Alamo Plaza, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, José E. Zapata

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

On October 21, 2019, in response to a request from the City of San Antonio (COSA) Transportation and Capital Improvements (TCI), The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA) Center for Archaeological Research (CAR) conducted archaeological monitoring of geotechnical boring associated with the Cenotaph Relocation project in the Alamo Plaza complex in San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas. The boring samples will be used by Terracon Consultants, Inc. (Terracon) to evaluate the soil bearing pressure, the active soil load, the location of the groundwater table, and the soil characteristics. The archaeological work consisted of monitoring two geotechnical bores that formed the …

Archaeological Monitoring Of The Cps Gas Main Service Installation On East Locust Street, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, José E. Zapata

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA) Center for Archaeological Research (CAR), in response to a request from Adams Environmental, Inc. (AEI), conducted archaeological monitoring for the installation of CPS Energy (CPS) main gas line service in San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas. The archaeological work consisted of monitoring CPS-related excavation activities associated with the installation of 398 m (1,305 linear ft.) of gas line on East Locust Street. The Area of Potential Effect (APE) for this undertaking is defined as a 229 m (750 ft.) strip located along East Locust Street, between North St. Mary’s and East Elmira streets, …

Intensive Archeological Survey Of Gisd Parkside School Tract City Of Georgetown, Williamson County, Texas, Caitlin Gulihur, Ann M. Scott

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Georgetown Independent School District (GISD) has proposed the Parkside School Tract project where school facilities will be constructed southwest of Georgetown, Williamson County, Texas. GISD retained Terracon Consultants, Inc. to conduct a systematic, intensive pedestrian survey of the approximate 18.3-acre project area. Because GISD, a political subdivision of the State of Texas, sponsored the project, the proposed undertaking is subject to compliance with the Antiquities Code of Texas and oversight from the Texas Historical Commission (THC). In addition, the survey meets the standards for compliance under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, should federal …

Cultural Resources Investigation Report Of The Proposed Hallsville Isd K-4 Elementary School Project In Harrison County, Texas, James S. Belew, Michael Ryan

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Sphere 3 Environmental, Inc. (Sphere 3) conducted an intensive pedestrian cultural resource survey of approximately 15.12 hectares (37.35 acres) of land designated as the Area of Potential Effects (APE) on October 28, 29, and 31, and November 6, 2019, in response to the proposed undertaking to construct the Hallsville ISD K - 4 School campus. The project sponsor and owner of the project area is the Hallsville Independent School District. The project area is situated wholly within the City of Longview, Texas. The project area is located on the southwest side of Loop 281 and the north side of Page …

Cultural Resources Survey Of Portions Of The Rio Bravo Lng Pipeline On Port Of Brownsville Lands, Cameron County, Texas, Steve Carpenter, Christopher Nielsen, Jessica Ulmer, Mercedes C. Cody, Janaka Greene

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

On behalf of Ecology and Environment, Inc. (E & E), Rio Grande LNG, LLC, and Rio Bravo Pipeline Company, LLC (RB Pipeline), SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) conducted cultural resources surveys of portions of the Rio Bravo Pipeline on lands owned or controlled by the Port of Brownsville (Port) in Cameron County, Texas. Rio Grande LNG, LLC proposes to construct a natural gas liquefaction facility and liquefied natural gas (LNG) export terminal (Terminal) in Cameron County, Texas, along the north embankment of the Brownsville Ship Channel. In concert with the Terminal, RB Pipeline proposes to construct an associated pipeline system (Pipeline …

Intensive Cultural Resources Survey Of The Proposed 829.9-Acre Schiel Storm Water Detention Basin Project, Harris County, Texas, Charles E. Bludau, Jeffery D. Owens Jr., Jesse O. Dalton, Eurgene Foster

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Horizon Environmental Services, Inc. (Horizon) was selected by Berg-Oliver Associates, Inc. (BOA) on behalf of the Harris County Flood Control District (HCFCD) to conduct a cultural resources inventory and assessment for the proposed Schiel Storm Water Detention Basin Project in Harris County, Texas (HCFCD Project No. L500-09-00-E003). The proposed undertaking would consist of constructing an extensive system of storm water detention basins and other drainage control measures within an approximately 335.8-hectare (829.9-acre) tract located near Hockley in northwestern Harris County. The project area generally flanks Little Cypress Creek and is bounded roughly on the west by Becker Road, on the …

Cultural Resources Survey Of The Cotulla Water Supply And Wastewater System Improvement Project La Salle County, Texas, David L. Sherman

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

During June 25, 26 and August 29, of 2018 Blanton & Associates, Inc. conducted a cultural resources survey of proposed wastewater and drinking water pipelines and associated facilities within the City of Cotulla, La Salle County, Texas. The area of potential effects (APE) for archeological resources for this project is approximately 23.9 acres and extends to a maximum depth of 25 feet below ground surface.

The APE for non-archaeological historic resources is variable and consists of: the footprint of the proposed pipelines/pipeline easements; the existing boundary of the Cotulla Wastewater Treatment plant; the existing boundary of the La Salle Pump …

Cultural Resources Report For The Mission Road Archaeological Scraping Project, Bexar County, Texas, Karissa Basse, Jacob Sullivan, Brooke Bonorden, Zachary M. Overfield

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The City of San Antonio (COSA) Public Works Department retained Pape-Dawson Engineers, Inc. to conduct cultural resource investigations for proposed road improvements along Mission Road and Acequia Road (i.e., the Project) within San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas. The Project consists of the installation of brick pavers and continuous illumination assemblies, electrical service, and underground infrastructure along both sides of Mission Road from SE Military Drive to the San Antonio River and along Acequia Road from Mission Road to Ashley Road. The added alternate to the Project includes the construction of a shared-use path along the east side of Mission Road …

Sarahville De Viesca (41fa86) Cemetery Search, Falls County, Texas, James E. Bruseth

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The search for the 1830s Sarahville de Viesca cemetery took place in Falls County, Texas, located about 10 km southwest of Marlin, Texas (Appendix A). The project was sponsored by the Summerlee Foundation of Dallas. One of the foundation’s purposes is to investigate and preserve Texas history. In 2006 the foundation purchased land that contained the Sarahville de Viesca site and a cemetery called Bull Hill to preserve these sites and make them available for research. As part of this mission, the Summerlee Foundation asked the Texas Historical Commission (THC) to investigate the Bull Hill cemetery (41FA86). The THC investigated …

Intensive Archeological Survey Of Gisd Proposed High School City Of Georgetown, Williamson County, Texas, Caitlin Gulihur

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Georgetown Independent School District (GISD) has proposed the Proposed High School project where school facilities will be constructed in western Georgetown, Williamson County, Texas. GISD retained Terracon Consultants, Inc. to conduct a systematic, intensive pedestrian survey of the approximate 93.5-acre project area. Because the GISD, a political subdivision of the State of Texas, sponsored the project, the proposed undertaking is subject to compliance with the Antiquities Code of Texas and oversight from the Texas Historical Commission (THC). In addition, the survey meets the standards for compliance under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, should …

Intensive Archeological Survey Of Munson Tract Phase I City Of Sherman, Grayson County, Texas, Caitlin Gulihur, Beth Valenzuela

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The City of Sherman is sponsoring the Munson Tract Phase I project where infrastructure including water lines, wastewater lines, and roadways will be constructed in southwest Sherman, Grayson County, Texas. Terracon Consultants, Inc. was retained by the Munson Realty Company to conduct a systematic, intensive pedestrian cultural resources survey of the approximately 210- acre project area. Because the City of Sherman, a political subdivision of the State of Texas, is controlling the project, the proposed undertaking is subject to compliance with the Antiquities Code of Texas and oversight from the Texas Historical Commission (THC). In addition, the survey meets the …

Intensive Archeological Survey Of South I-35 Water Line City Of Belton, Bell County, Texas, Caitlin Gulihur, Ann M. Scott

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The City of Belton has proposed the South I-35 Water Line project where a water transmission line will be constructed in southern Belton, Bell County, Texas. The project engineer, Kasberg Patrick and Associates LP, retained Terracon Consultants, Inc. to conduct a systematic, intensive pedestrian survey of the approximate 11-acre project area. Because the City of Belton, a political subdivision of the State of Texas, sponsored the project, the proposed undertaking is subject to compliance with the Antiquities Code of Texas and oversight from the Texas Historical Commission. In addition, the survey meets the standards for compliance under Section 106 of …