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Articles 1531 - 1560 of 5950
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
The Impact Of Team Identification On Biased Predications Of Player Performance, Daniel L. Wann, Katrina Koch, Tasha Knoth, David Fox, Hesham Aljubaily, Christopher D. Lantz
The Impact Of Team Identification On Biased Predications Of Player Performance, Daniel L. Wann, Katrina Koch, Tasha Knoth, David Fox, Hesham Aljubaily, Christopher D. Lantz
The Psychological Record
The current investigation examined sport fans' impressions of an athlete described as a potential member of their team or a potential member of a rival team. In Study 1, we predicted that individuals would exhibit an ingroup favoritism effect by reporting more positive evaluations of the player's performance when he was described as a high-performing recruit for their team than when he was presented as a recruit for a rival. However, this effect was expected only among highly identified fans (i .e., fans with a strong psychological attachment to the team). College students (N = 70) classified as high or …
Analyzing Rumors, Gossip, And Urban Legends Through Their Conversational Properties, Bernard Guerin, Yoshihiko Miyazaki
Analyzing Rumors, Gossip, And Urban Legends Through Their Conversational Properties, Bernard Guerin, Yoshihiko Miyazaki
The Psychological Record
A conversational approach is developed to explain the ubiquitous presence of rumors, urban legends, and gossip as arising from their conversational properties rather than from side effects of cognitive processing or "effort after meaning." It is suggested that the primary function of telling rumors, gossip, and urban legends is not to impart information to the listener or alleviate listener anxiety about the topic but to entertain or keep the listener's attention, thereby enhancing social relationships. In this way, the traditional views of such stories are turned on their head, and an implication is that there is no essential feature of …
Cognitive Empathy And Emotional Empathy In Human Behavior And Evolution, Adam Smith
Cognitive Empathy And Emotional Empathy In Human Behavior And Evolution, Adam Smith
The Psychological Record
This article presents 7 simple models of the relationship between cognitive empathy (mental perspective taking) and emotional empathy (the vicarious sharing of emotion). I consider behavioral outcomes of the models, arguing that, during human evolution, natural selection may have acted on variation in the relationship between cognitive empathy and emotional empathy resulting in two separable, complementary systems. I predict the existence of 4 empathy disorders using a concept of empathic imbalance. I propose hypotheses about the psychology of autism, antisocial personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and Williams syndrome. This approach generates new predictions and integrates some previous theoretical work by …
Robert-Houdin. Conjuror, Author, And Ambassador., Henry Ridgely Evans
Robert-Houdin. Conjuror, Author, And Ambassador., Henry Ridgely Evans
The Open Court
No abstract provided.
Hammurabi And Amraphel., Hugo Radau
The Daily Egyptian, September 16, 2010, Daily Egyptian Staff
The Daily Egyptian, September 16, 2010, Daily Egyptian Staff
September 2010
No abstract provided.
Psychometric Properties Of The Revissed Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale, Mustafa Baloglu, Paul F. Zelhart
Psychometric Properties Of The Revissed Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale, Mustafa Baloglu, Paul F. Zelhart
The Psychological Record
An exploratory factor analysis and several confirmatory analyses were performed to evaluate the factorial structure of the Revised Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale (RMARS) through the responses of 805 college students. On 559 students’ scores, the instrument’s construct validity was tested through a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and was found to be inadequate. An exploratory factor analysis suggested a modification by dropping five items. After the modification, a second CFA showed that the modified model fit the theoretical model well. Cross-validation of the modified model was tested on a different sample of 246 students and was found to be satisfactory. In …
Disrupting Verbal Processes: Cognitive Defusion In Acceptance And Commitment Therapy And Other Mindfulness-Based Pscyhotherapies, John T. Blackledge
Disrupting Verbal Processes: Cognitive Defusion In Acceptance And Commitment Therapy And Other Mindfulness-Based Pscyhotherapies, John T. Blackledge
The Psychological Record
Applied behavioral psychology pivots on the formation and alteration of stimulus function: on how stimuli come to differentially affect behavior and how these effects can be altered when they prove problematic. Relational frame theory (RFT) offers an account of how uniquely verbal processes transform stimulus functions. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) was designed to counteract problematic verbal transformations of function, in part through the use of cognitive defusion techniques. But the construct of cognitive defusion remains incompletely understood. The current article comprises an attempt to explore parameters around the ways in which cognitive defusion are viewed and operationalized within ACT …
The Daily Egyptian, September 15, 2010, Daily Egyptian Staff
The Daily Egyptian, September 15, 2010, Daily Egyptian Staff
September 2010
No abstract provided.
The Body Of The Future Life: Is It Electrical?, Charles Hallock
The Body Of The Future Life: Is It Electrical?, Charles Hallock
The Open Court
No abstract provided.
Comparison Of Fixed-Item And Response-Sensitive Versions Of An Online Tutorial, Lyle K. Grant, Marni Courtoreille
Comparison Of Fixed-Item And Response-Sensitive Versions Of An Online Tutorial, Lyle K. Grant, Marni Courtoreille
The Psychological Record
This study is a comparison of 2 versions of an Internet-based tutorial that teaches the behavior-analysis concept of positive reinforcement. A fixed-item group of students studied a version of the tutorial that included 14 interactive examples and nonexamples of the concept. A response-sensitive group of students studied a different version of the tutorial in which, after an initial round of 10 example and nonexample items, the computer readministered item types the students had answered incorrectly until the students responded correctly to each of 5 example and 5 nonexample item subtypes. A control group studied an online tutorial in biological psychology. …
Teaching College Level Content And Reading Comprehension Skills Simultaneously Via An Artificially Intelligent Adaptive Computerized Instructional System, Roger D. Ray, Noelle Belden
Teaching College Level Content And Reading Comprehension Skills Simultaneously Via An Artificially Intelligent Adaptive Computerized Instructional System, Roger D. Ray, Noelle Belden
The Psychological Record
This paper presents a behavioral model for conceptualizing advanced reading comprehension as a “higher order” behavior class. Also discussed are strategies and tactics utilized by an artificially intelligent adaptive tutoring and testing software system designed to shape such comprehension skills while also teaching subject-specific “content” to college students. The system, called MediaMatrix, offers internet delivery of relatively traditional textbook content using highly individualized and adaptive tutorial and assessment procedures (Ray, 1995a; 1995b, 2004). Extant and new research on the effectiveness of this system is presented, with particular emphasis on a preliminary study of students in two small sections of an …
Events And Constr Ucts, Noel W. Smith
Events And Constr Ucts, Noel W. Smith
The Psychological Record
Psychology has largely ignored the distinction between constructs and events and what comprises a scientific construct, yet this distinction is basic to some of the major divisions of thought within the discipline. Several kinds of constructs are identified and compared with events, and improper use of constructs is noted of which the mind construct is a prime example. After indicating some problems with a failure to maintain the distinction between constructs and events and to establish constructs based on events, a list of criteria for scientific employment of constructs is proposed as a means of clarifying and advancing work in …
Assessing Relational Learning Deficits In Perspective-Taking In Children With High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder, Ruth Anne Rehfeldt, Jeffrey E. Dillen, Megan M. Ziomek, Rhonda K. Kowalchuk
Assessing Relational Learning Deficits In Perspective-Taking In Children With High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder, Ruth Anne Rehfeldt, Jeffrey E. Dillen, Megan M. Ziomek, Rhonda K. Kowalchuk
The Psychological Record
Perspective-taking, or the ability to demonstrate awareness of informational states in oneself and in others, has been of recent interest in behavioral psychology. This is, in part, a result of a modern behavioral approach to human language and cognition known as Relational Frame Theory, which views perspectivetaking as generalized operant behavior based upon a history of reinforcement for relational responding. Previous lines of research have developed a behavioral protocol for assessing relational learning deficits in perspective-taking and have implicated the lack of perspective-taking as a basis for the social deficits observed in children with autism. However, no empirical investigations have …
The Psychological Record: Reaffirming The Past And Embracing The Future, Ruth Anne Rehfeldt
The Psychological Record: Reaffirming The Past And Embracing The Future, Ruth Anne Rehfeldt
The Psychological Record
No abstract provided.
The Daily Egyptian, September 10, 2010, Daily Egyptian Staff
The Daily Egyptian, September 10, 2010, Daily Egyptian Staff
September 2010
No abstract provided.
Hydrophilanthropy, Wash, And Experiential Learning In Developing Countries, Michael E. Campana
Hydrophilanthropy, Wash, And Experiential Learning In Developing Countries, Michael E. Campana
Journal of Contemporary Water Research and Education
Two different and unrelated programs are described, one undergraduate and one graduate, that: 1) introduced students to water research and WASH (water, sanitation, and hygiene) issues in developing countries; 2) injected developing countries' WASH issues into a university graduate water resources program; and 3) introduced hydrophilanthropy, defined as the altruistic concern for the water, sanitation, and related needs of humankind, as manifested by donations of labor, money, or resources. From 2002 through 2004, a National Science Foundation summer Research Experience for Undergraduates program hosted by University of Notre Dame with University of Nevada-Reno and University of New Mexico took undergraduates …
Student Volunteer Opportunities In Hydrophilanthropy: The Steps To Organizing A Successful Project, Cathleen M. Fitzgerald
Student Volunteer Opportunities In Hydrophilanthropy: The Steps To Organizing A Successful Project, Cathleen M. Fitzgerald
Journal of Contemporary Water Research and Education
University students who travel internationally become de facto ambassadors not only of their country but also of their universities and colleges. Therefore, it is important that all hydrophilantropy projects include awareness of cross-cultural differences and include community participation and involvement during the early planning stages. Schedules should not be so ambitious that the project cannot be completed in the allotted time period and multiple trips to the same community are essential to assess the effectiveness and sustainability of completed projects. Low-tech water supply technologies that are affordable, easily replicable, and require minimal or no outside monetary assistance are the keys …
An Experimental Test Of Cognitive Defusion Exercise: Coping With Negative And Positive Self-Statements, Hilary-Anne Healy, Yvonne Barnes-Holmes, Dermot Barnes-Holmes, Claire Keogh, Carmen Luciano, Kelly Wilson
An Experimental Test Of Cognitive Defusion Exercise: Coping With Negative And Positive Self-Statements, Hilary-Anne Healy, Yvonne Barnes-Holmes, Dermot Barnes-Holmes, Claire Keogh, Carmen Luciano, Kelly Wilson
The Psychological Record
This study investigated the impact of defusion on a nonclinical sample ( n = 60) in the context of negative (e.g., “I am a bad person”) and positive (e.g., “I am whole”) self-statements. Participants were assigned to one of three experimental conditions (Pro-Defusion, Anti-Defusion, and Neutral) that manipulated instructions about the impact of a defusion strategy. Defusion was also manipulated through the visual presentation of the self-statements, with each presented in three formats (Normal, Defused, Abnormal). Participants rated each self-statement for comfort, believability, and willingness. Although the instructions did not affect ratings, negative statements presented in the defused format decreased …
The Perceived-Threat Behavioral Approach Test (Pt-Bat): Measuring Avoidance In High-, Mid-, And Low-Spider-Fearful Participants, Andy Cochrane, Dermot Barnes-Holmes, Yvonne Barnes-Holmes
The Perceived-Threat Behavioral Approach Test (Pt-Bat): Measuring Avoidance In High-, Mid-, And Low-Spider-Fearful Participants, Andy Cochrane, Dermot Barnes-Holmes, Yvonne Barnes-Holmes
The Psychological Record
One hundred twenty female participants, with varying levels of spider fear were asked to complete an automated 8-step perceived-threat behavioral approach test (PT-BAT). The steps involved asking the participants if they were willing to put their hand into a number of opaque jars with an incrementally increasing risk of contact with a spider (none of the jars actually contained a spider). There was a negative correlation between the number of steps completed and self-reported spider fear as measured with the Fear of Spiders Questionnaire (FSQ). Additionally, the task discriminated between high, mid, and low fear on 2 behavioral measures: (a) …
Book Reviews., Paul Carus
The Knocking At The Gate. A Phychological Study Of The Dramatic Impressiveness Of Religious Ritual., R. Stanley Weir
The Knocking At The Gate. A Phychological Study Of The Dramatic Impressiveness Of Religious Ritual., R. Stanley Weir
The Open Court
No abstract provided.
Charles Carroll Bonney. Funeral Address., L. P. Mercer
Charles Carroll Bonney. Funeral Address., L. P. Mercer
The Open Court
No abstract provided.
Effective Analysis Of Reaction Time Data, Robert Whelan
Effective Analysis Of Reaction Time Data, Robert Whelan
The Psychological Record
Most analyses of reaction time (RT) data are conducted by using the statistical techniques with which psychologists are most familiar, such as analysis of variance on the sample mean. Unfortunately, these methods are usually inappropriate for RT data, because they have little power to detect genuine differences in RT between conditions. In addition, some statistical approaches can, under certain circumstances, result in findings that are artifacts of the analysis method itself. A corpus of research has shown more effective analytical methods, such as analyzing the whole RT distribution, although this research has had limited influence. The present article will summarize …
The Long Good-Bye: Why B. F. Skinner's Verbal Behavior Is Alive And Well On The 50th Anniversary Of Its Publication, Henry D. Schlinger Jr.
The Long Good-Bye: Why B. F. Skinner's Verbal Behavior Is Alive And Well On The 50th Anniversary Of Its Publication, Henry D. Schlinger Jr.
The Psychological Record
The year 2007 marked the 50th anniversary of the publication of B. F. Skinner’s Verbal Behavior, a book that by Skinner’s own account was his most important. The received view, however, is that a devastating review by a young linguist not only rendered Skinner’s interpretation of language moot but was also a major factor in ending the hegemony of behaviorism in psychology and paving the way for a cognitive revolution. Nevertheless, in taking stock of Verbal Behavior and behaviorism, both appear to be thriving. This article suggests that Verbal Behavior and behaviorism remain vital partly because they have generated successful …
In Response: Psychology Is A Behavioral Science, Not A Biological Science, By Gary Greenberg And Charles Lambdin—Correct Conclusion, Unsound Arguments, Robert Whelan
The Psychological Record
No abstract provided.
The Daily Egyptian, August 31, 2010, Daily Egyptian Staff
The Daily Egyptian, August 31, 2010, Daily Egyptian Staff
August 2010
No abstract provided.
The Daily Egyptian, August 26, 2010, Daily Egyptian Staff
The Daily Egyptian, August 26, 2010, Daily Egyptian Staff
August 2010
No abstract provided.
The Interaction Of Transactional And Transformational Leadership, Molly Hamilton
The Interaction Of Transactional And Transformational Leadership, Molly Hamilton
Online Journal for Workforce Education and Development
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the relationship of transactional and transformational leadership. Specifically, this paper looks at how transactional and transformational leadership interact with one another, particularly how transformational leadership augments transactional leadership. In order to look at this interaction, there is first a description of the characteristics of both leadership types. Next, several studies are reviewed in an effort to look at how transformational leadership augments transactional leadership. The studies are diverse across various types of organizations and industries in order to give a broader look at how transformational and transactional leadership characteristics interact.
Applying The Q Sort Method: A Qualitative Classification Of Factors Associated With Organizational Training Support Inventory (Otsi), Mark A. Mcknight
Applying The Q Sort Method: A Qualitative Classification Of Factors Associated With Organizational Training Support Inventory (Otsi), Mark A. Mcknight
Online Journal for Workforce Education and Development
The Q Sort Method was applied to the Organizational Training Support Inventory (OTSI) in an initial exploratory effort to identify the categories or factors that are measured by the OTSI and included in the general construct of organizational support for training. Subject matter experts (SMEs) used a listing of eight potential categories or factors as a basis for grouping and organizing each of the 25 items which comprise the OTSI. Results of the categorization revealed that seven constructs appear to be measured in the OTSI, which include organizational strategy, finance and budgeting, training evaluation, resource allocation, organizational culture and organizational …