Digital Commons Network^™

The Influence Of Caspase-3 On The Calpain Enzyme System During Meat Aging, D.A. Mohrhouse, S.A. Kern, K.R. Underwood, A.D. Weaver

South Dakota Beef Report, 2012

Tenderness is a key component of palatability, which influences consumers’ perception of meat quality. There are a variety of factors that contribute to variations in tenderness, including postmortem proteolysis. A more complete understanding of this biological mechanism regulating tenderness is needed to ensure consistently tender beef. Numerous reports indicate μ-calpain is primarily responsible for the degradation of proteins postmortem. Additionally, it has been shown that caspase-3 can cleave calpastatin, the inhibitor of μ-calpain. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine if in vitro degradation of calpastatin by caspase-3 can enhance the postmortem breakdown of myofibrillar proteins by μ-calpain. …

Sdsu Calf Value Discovery 2011 Summary Report, J.A. Walker, B.P. Holland, C.L. Wright, W.C. Rusche

South Dakota Beef Report, 2012

The Calf Value Discovery Program (CVD) allows cow-calf producers to gain knowledge of the finishing segment of the beef cattle industry and the marketing of fed cattle. Specifically, CVD provides an opportunity for cow-calf producers to learn how their calves perform in a feedlot and their carcass value when sold in a value-based marketing system. Each producer taking part in the program could consign a minimum of 5 steers weighing between 500 and 800 pounds to the CVD program. Animals were finished in a calf-fed program using typical diets and management protocols at VanderWal Yards (Bruce, SD). Carcass and feedlot …

Cost Analysis Of Cattle Feedlot Designs, J.M. Mrozinski, R.H. Pritchard, B.P. Holland, G.W. Warmann

South Dakota Beef Report, 2012

A cost analysis of fixed and non-fixed costs of gain was conducted on 3 cattle feedlot designs. The three facility designs compared were conventional open pens (OPN), open pens with shelter over the feeding area (OS), and a monoslope confinement barn (MON). The OPN design was the least expensive facility to build and operate. However, because of poorer cattle performance (P < 0.05), it was not the most cost effective. The MON design had significantly higher operating costs when compared to the OPN or OS designs, especially for the tractor/spreader (P < 0.05), skid loader (P < 0.10), labor (P < 0.05), and straw (P < 0.05). The operating and fixed costs, combined, made the MON design the most expensive cost of gain design (P < 0.05). The OS design was the most expensive facility to build but with current feed prices and the cattle performance, it was the most cost effective cattle feeding design.

Relationship Between Fat Content And Ne Values For Some Ethanol Byproducts, R. Pritchard, E. Loe, T. Milton

South Dakota Beef Report, 2012

A finishing phase study was conducted to measure the impact of the fat content of ethanol byproducts on the relative Net Energy values for these feedstuffs. The three feedstuffs with varying crude fat content used included a commercially available corn gluten feed corn distillers grains blend (CGD); a corn wet distillers grains without solubles (WDG); and corn wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS). Byproducts were incorporated as 40% of the finishing diets (DM basis) replacing corn and SBM components of the control (CO) diet. There were 6 pens of 7 or 8 yearling steers on each treatment during the 130 …

Comparing Pfizer Genestar And Igenity Profile Dna Tests In Crossbred Cattle, M.G. Gonda, G.A. Perry, B.P. Holland, C.L. Wright

South Dakota Beef Report, 2012

Our objective was to compare the performance of Pfizer’s GeneSTAR and Igenity’s PROFILE DNA tests in crossbred beef cattle. Hair follicles were collected from 394 crossbred steers that were part of the South Dakota State University Calf Value Discovery project (n = 145) and calves that were fed at the SDSU Southeast Research Farm (n = 249) in 2011. Hair follicles were sent to Pfizer Animal Genetics and Igenity for testing with their GeneSTAR and PROFILE DNA tests, respectively. Marbling score (100-999 scale), ribeye area, fat thickness, carcass weight, yield grade, quality grade, and % kidney, pelvic, and heart fat …

Effects Of Weaning Age And Winter Development Environment On Heifer Grazing Distribution, N.L. Hojer, M.B. Hubert, P.S. Johnson, M.H. Price

South Dakota Beef Report, 2012

The objective of this experiment was to determine if early weaning (approximately 125 d) vs. normal weaning (approximately 250 d) and wintering replacement heifers in drylot versus rangeland affected heifer grazing distribution during the subsequent summer. Heifer calves from the 2009 and 2010 calf crop (n = 104 and 73, respectively) were allocated to the 2 weaning treatments and then stratified by age into the 2 winter development treatments. During the summer of yr 1 heifers were allocated to 2 pastures by winter treatment, and in yr 2, all 4 treatment combinations were allocated to separate pastures. A subset of …

Influence Of Propionate Salt Levels On Young Cow Reproductive Performance, J.A. Walker, G.A. Perry, K.C. Olson

South Dakota Beef Report, 2012

A supplementation study was conducted to evaluate level of propionate salt (Ca-propionate) on young cow performance over two years. One hundred-twenty cows were allocated to one of three treatments at calving. Propionate salt was incorporated in a protein supplement at a rate of 0, 80 or 160 g/d. Cows were individually supplemented twice weekly at 2 lbs/d. In year 1, cows had access to pasture and hay. In year 2, cows had access to a native range pasture. Blood was collected weekly and analyzed for progesterone (P4) to determine postpartum interval (≥1 ng P4/ml). Weights and body condition scores (BCS) …

Igrow Wheat: Best Management Practices For Wheat Production, David C. Clay, C. Gregg Carlson, Kevin Dalsted

Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science Books

No abstract provided.

The Jackrabbit Dairy Review, Vikram Mistry

The Jackrabbit Dairy & Food Review

No abstract provided.

Natural Resource Management Newsletter, Dave Willis, Steve Chipps, Pete Bauman, Lora Perkins, Larry Gigliotti, Troy Grovenburg, Nels Troelstrup Jr.

NRM Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Three Cidr Based Fixed-Time Ai Protocols For Beef Heifers, G.A. Perry, J.K. Grant, J.A. Walker, G.A. Bridges, S.G. Kruse, S. Bird, K. Heaton, R. Arias, S.L. Lake

South Dakota Beef Report, 2012

Several effective fixed-time AI (FTAI) protocols have been developed to facilitate AI while eliminating the need for estrus detection. Among these are the 5-d CO-Synch+CIDR (5d), PG 6-d CIDR (PG-CIDR), and 14-d CIDR-PG (CIDR-PG) protocols. While each of these protocols varies in duration and approach to synchronizing estrus and ovulation, each has been reported as an effective method to facilitate FTAI in beef heifers. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare FTAI pregnancy rates in beef heifers synchronized with these three CIDR based protocols. Virgin beef heifers (n = 801) at four locations were synchronized with one of …

“La Modernización Y Sus Fantasmas: Violencia, Exceso Y Ritual En ‘La Gata De Mi Madre’ De Carlos Fuentes, Jose J. Alvarez

School of American and Global Studies Faculty Publications with a Focus on Modern Languages and Global Studies

Carlos Fuentes ha observado que la literatura mexicana entr6 en un acelerado proceso de renovaci6n durante la decada de los 50. La publicaci6n de El laberinto de la soledad de Octavio Paz marca-afirmaba Fuentes en 1971-el salto de la literatura mexicana mas alla de sus fronteras geograficas (Tiempo 85-6). Pero este novelista no es solo un te6rico de dichos cambios, sino tambien, uno de sus mas conspicuos artifices. Aludiendo a su rol en dicho proceso, Georgina Garcia-Gutierrez afirma que "en 1958, [Fuentes] y su primera novela [La region mds transparente] inauguraron una epoca literaria identificada con la modernidad ... la …

Effects Of Weaning Age And Winter Development Environment On Heifer Performance, N.L. Hojer, M.B. Hubert, P.S. Johnson, M.H. Price, K.C. Olson

South Dakota Beef Report, 2012

Our objective was to determine if early weaning (about 125 d) vs. normal weaning (about 250 d) and wintering replacement heifers in drylot vs. rangeland affected heifer growth and reproductive performance. Heifer calves from the 2009 and 2010 calf crops (n = 104 and 73, respectively) were allocated to the 2 weaning treatments and then stratified by age into the 2 winter development treatments forming a 2 by 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Heifers wintered in drylot received mixed grass and alfalfa hay (yr 1: 11.6% CP, 52.5% TDN; yr2: 12.3% CP, 53.4% TDN) plus 1.8 kg of a dried …

Investigation Of Protease Activity In Early Postmortem Musclesubjected To Alternative Chilling Conditions, D.A. Mohrhouse, S.M. Lonergran, E. Huff-Lonergran, K.R. Underwood, A.D. Weaver

South Dakota Beef Report, 2012

The objective of this study was two-fold: 1) determine the conditions (temperature, pH) that exist in early postmortem muscle of normally-chilled and delay-chilled beef carcasses to provide a model for in vitro work, and 2) determine the mechanism by which specific early postmortem temperature/pH conditions found in normally-chilled and delay-chilled muscle influence the enzymes that regulate the aging process in vitro. For objective 1, seven market-ready calves (HCW 848 ± 17.5 lb) were harvested with the right sides subjected to normal chilling (2.3°C) and the left sides subjected to ambient temperature (delay chilling; 22.6°C) for an additional 4.75 h and …

2012 South Dakota Beef Report, Department Of Animal Sciences, South Dakota State University, Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, Cooperative Extension Service, South Dakota State University

South Dakota Beef Report, 2012

This is the 2013 South Dakota Beef Report produced by the SDSU Department of Animal Sciences in conjunction with the Agricultural Experiment Station , and the SDSU Cooperative Extension. The articles published in this report summarize many of the beef cattle research activities conducted at South Dakota State University during 2013. The articles in this report have many levels of application. Some information has immediate application for your farm, ranch, or agribusiness. The articles include information on nutrition,management, health, growth and development, and economics of the cattle and beef industry in South Dakota.

Geography Newsletter, Department Of Geography

Geography Newsletter

Contents:
New Additions: Dr. Trisha Jackson [and] Delora Bennett [Page] 2
Trip to Romania [Page] 3
To the Rocky Mountains and . . . [Page] 4
AAG Meetings [Page] 5
Geography Awareness Week [Page] 6
42nd Annual South Dakota State Geography Convention 2011 [Page] 7-9
John Fraser Hart Day Proclaimed [Page] 10-11
43rd Annual South Dakota State Geography Convention 2012 [Page] 12
The Council of Geographic Names Authorities (COGNA) [Page] 12
2011 ESRI International Users Conference [Page] 12
Student Graduations [Page] 13
Friends of Geography 2010 and 2011 [Page] 14
Successful Career : Joan Bruinsma [Page] 15
Alumni News and …

South Dakota State University College Of Engineering 2012 Annual Research Review, Office Of Engineering Research

Engineering Research Review

Welcome [page] 2-3
Mathematics & Statistics Team: Providing Critical Support [page] 3
Water Team: Meeting Needs through Service, Education and Fundamental Research [page] 4
Photovoltaics Team: Developing, Delivering and Promoting Solar Energy [page] 5
Young Investigator Team: Collaborating Across Disciplines to Promote Undergraduate Research [page] 6-7
Convergent Computing Research Team: Combining Forces Internationally to Combat Breast Cancer [page] 8
Image Processing Team: Enhancing the Accuracy of Satellite Images [page] 9
Engineering Awards: 2011 Grantswinship Awards [page] 10
Dr. Delvin DeBoer 2011 Researcher of the Year
Dr. Qiquan Qiao 2011 Young Investigator of the Year

2012-13 South Dakota State Equestrian Media Guide, South Dakota State University

Jackrabbit Equestrian Media Guides (2005-2014)

SDSU Quick Facts / Schedule [page] 1
2012-13 Roster [page] 2
Jackrabbit Coaching Staff [page] 3-4
Strength and Conditioning Staff [page] 5
Sports Medicine Staff [page] 6
Administration and Athletic Staff [page] 7-9
Season Preview [page] 10
Jackrabbit Riders [page] 11-20
Seniors [page] 12-14
NCEA History and Mission [page] 14
Juniors [page] 15-16
Sophomores [page] 17-18
Freshmen [page] 19-20
SDSU Horses [page] 21-26
DeHaan Equestrian Center [page] 27
Jackrabbit Athletics Facilities [page] 28
SDSU Equestrian History [page] 29
2011-12 Standings and Results [page] 30
Welcome to SDSU [page] 31-35
SDSU Mission Statement [page] 36

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Is Independently Associated With Lean Mass But Not Bmd In Younger Postmenopausal Women, Margaret L Gourlay, Bonny Specker, Chenxi Li, Catherine A. Hammett-Stabler, Jordan B. Renner, Janet E Rubin

Ethel Austin Martin Program Publications

PURPOSE: Increased follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) has been associated with lower bone mineral density (BMD) in animal models and longitudinal studies of women, but a direct effect has not been demonstrated.
METHODS: We tested associations between FSH, non-bone body composition measures and BMD in 94 younger (aged 50 to 64 years) postmenopausal women without current use of hormone therapy, adjusting for sex hormone concentrations and clinical risk factors for osteoporosis. Lean mass, fat mass and areal BMD (aBMD) at the spine, femoral neck and total hip were measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Volumetric BMD (vBMD) was measured at the …

2012 Dairy Digest, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Lean Beef Supplementation On Iron Status, Body Composition And Performance Of Collegiate Distance Runners, Danielle E. Burke, Jocelyn V. Johnson, Matthew D. Vukovich, Kendra K. Kattelmann 6884045

Health and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Iron deficiency is prevalent among endurance athletes, particularly females. Low iron may compromise oxygen delivery and physical performance. Vegetarianism, desire for convenience, and perceived health risks associated with red meat contribute to low bioavailable iron intakes. The purpose of this study was to examine if lean beef supplementation would maintain iron status, improve body composition and increase performance of distance runners after 8 weeks. Twenty-eight (14 female) Division-I cross-country runners were stratified by iron status, use of iron supplements, and gender, and randomized into a control (n = 14) and intervention group. All participants maintained their typical diet and consumed …

South Dakota State University Undergraduate General Catalog 2012-2013, South Dakota State University

South Dakota State University Catalogs and Bulletins: 1935 to present

No abstract provided.

Seedling Root Morphology Of Six Alfalfa Populations, Brianna J. Gaughan

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

Seedling root morphology plays a crucial role in seedling survival and stand establishment. Naturalized yellow-flowered alfalfa (YFA) (Medicago sativa subsp. falcata) has demonstrated adaptation to semiarid conditions of the Northern Great Plains and tolerance to grazing. Seedling stage root morphology is poorly defined. Our objective was to compare morphological traits of seedling roots for six alfalfa populations. Six entries were evaluated: one M. sativa population as a control, two M. falcata entries, with reported “spreading characteristics” and three naturalized YFA populations. Uniform seeds of each entry were scarified with 320 grade sand paper and inoculated with rhizobium before planting. A …

Shoot Morphology Of Eleven Alfalfa Populations, Jessica A. Schmuck

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a major component of feed for dairy and beef cattle and one of the most productive forage species in North America. Alfalfa has been planted on millions of acres. More than 100 varieties have been developed in North America over the past 100 years. However, historically, alfalfa persistence under grazing in semiarid rangeland has generally been poor. Recently, it was discovered that naturally-selected populations of predominantly yellow-flowered alfalfa have been proven to be adapted to rangelands of western South Dakota and adjacent areas. A study was initiated in May 2006 to evaluate persistence and vigor …

The Growing Demand For Energy And Ethanol’S Role, Kyleen Shields

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

With growing demand for fuel ethanol production has become a large player in the market. This study evaluates the efficient usage of corn as well as how ethanol has contributed to the US economy.

Antimicrobial Activity, Cytotoxicity And Phytochemical Analyses Of Rhus Aromatica, Rhus Glabra And Sanguinaria Canadensis Native To South Dakota, Gitanjali Nandakafle

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A total of twenty five South Dakota native medicinal plants were screened against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli using a disk diffusion assay. Out of these 25 plants, three plants Rhus aromatica, Rhus glabra and Sanguinaria canadensis demonstrated the highest bacterial inhibition. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of these plant extracts were determined using a bacterial enumeration assay. Alamar Blue in vitro cytotoxicity test showed that all extracts have some toxic effect to porcine intestinal epithelial cell lines. Phytochemical analysis of these plant extracts indicated the presence high concentration of flavonoids and condensed tannins in R. aromatica and that R. glabra contained …

Team Science: Research 2012, University Office For Research, South Dakota State University

State of Discovery South Dakota State University's Research Magazine

CONTENTS:

Wheat [Page] 2
Nutrition [Page] 4
Health Sciences [Page] 5
Mathematics and Statistics [Page] 6
Biofuels [Page] 8
Photovoltaics [Page] 10
Mountain Lions [Page] 12
GISc Center of Excellence [Page] 14
By the Numbers [Page] 16

Contributions Of Seed Bank And Vegetative Propagules To Vegetation Composition On Prairie Dog Colonies In Western South Dakota, Emily R. Helms

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

Characterizing the contributions of the seed bank and vegetative propagules will enhance our understanding of community resiliency associated with prairie dog disturbances. Our objective was to determine the effects of ecological condition (EC) and distance from burrows on the soil seed bank and vegetative propagules. Based on species composition of the extant vegetation, two prairie dog colonies were selected on the Buffalo Gap National Grasslands in western South Dakota. Within each colony, two prairie dog burrows were randomly selected at each of three sample points located about 150m apart. Two soil cores were taken at 0.5m, 1.0m, and 1.5m distances …

Maternal Nutrition During Mid-Gestation Influences Gene Expression Essential For Intramuscular Adipose Tissue And Muscle Development In Bovine Fetuses, Tracy D. Jennings

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Given the potential variation in forage quantity and quality available to gestating cows, it is possible to encounter periods of nutrient restriction, while supplementation decisions could lead to periods of over-nutrition. Maternal nutrition during mid-late gestation has shown to influence adipose development and myogenesis in the fetuses of various species; however, bovine research is limited. The objective of this experiment was to determine whether maternal nutrition during mid-gestation alters genetic expression of fetal adipogenic and myogenic regulatory factors, resulting in differences in adipose development and muscle characteristics of the bovine fetus. Twenty-two bred Angus crossbred heifers (BW = 527.73 ± …

Birth Timing For Mountain Lions (Puma Concolor); Testing The Prey Availability Hypothesis, Brian D. Jansen

Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications

We investigated potential advantages in birth timing for mountain lion (Puma concolor) cubs. We examined cub body mass, survival, and age of natal dispersal in relation to specific timing of birth. We also investigated the role of maternal age relative to timing of births. We captured mountain lion cubs while in the natal den to determine birth date, which allowed for precise estimates of the population birth pulse and age of natal dispersal. A birth pulse occurred during June–August. Body mass of cubs was related to litter size and timing of birth; heaviest cubs occurred in litters of 2, and …