Digital Commons Network^™

Curriculum, Pedagogy, And The Constitutional Rights Of Teachers In Secondary Schools, Howard Hunter

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

American schools have served as battlegrounds for competing social policies for generations. Major national disputes have centered on racial problems, busing, and federal funding. Local debate continues over curricula, teacher competence, pedagogical methods, textbooks and library books, discipline, and such trivial matters as hairstyle. Nationally, the current debates about school prayer and tax credits for the payment of private school tuition have consumed the time and resources of numerous individuals. These disputes show no sign of abating. Teachers are the most significant participants in the educational process. Their work involves those activities--speaking, writing, and questioning--that constitute the core values protected …

Layoffs, Wages And Unemployment Insurance, Kenneth Burdett, Bryce Hool

Research Collection School Of Economics

The influence of unemployment insurance on wage and layoff behavior is analyzed in the context of optimal labor contracts. Responses of contract terms to changes in economic parameters are shown to depend in general on the nature of the initial contract, the degree of workers' risk aversion, and the resolution of bargaining conflict. Layoffs are not necessarily reduced by an increase in experience rating or a reduction in the UI benefit. Product demand fluctuations tend to induce procyclical employment fluctuations but not wage fluctuation. An implication of optimal contracts with private insurance suggests a reason for government intervention in UI …

Jury Vetting: The Jury Under Attack, Peter Duff, Mark Findlay

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The English jury has recently been undergoing various alterations. These changes have their roots in assumptions, often not clearly identified, about the nature and purpose of the jury within the criminal justice system. Once the purpose and ideals of the jury system are identified, and there may be arguments about what they are,' it becomes apparent that there may be a conflict about how they should be put into practice. The state and its agencies may take one view whilst others may differ. An example of one such conflict is the controversy over the newly discovered practice of 'jury vetting'.

Jury Trial In Singapore And Malaysia: The Unmaking Of A Legal Institution, Andrew B.L. Phang

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

THE main task of this article is to inquire into the reasons for the general decline and final abolition of the jury system 1 in Singapore.2 It also seeks to discover why the decline and fall of a major legal institution aroused so little public debate, let alone outcry. To this end, the focus must necessarily be historical, but, in the context of a nation still in the process of discovering its legal heritage, it is hoped that the account which follows will contribute in some small way towards the development of our legal

Mapping Strategic Management Research, Howard Thomas

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

During the last two decades, in particular, there has developed a substantial body of literature in the fields of strategic management, strategic planning, corporate and business policy, and related topics. This literature owes much to the prior writings of Alfred Chandler [10] and the decades of case writing and research undertaken at Harvard Business School by many learned professors. Indeed, Harvard's tradition of leadership in this field dates from 1914 when it first introduced a course requirement for business policy into the business school program. The term strategic management is of relatively recent origin [49] and is currently the accepted …

Federalism And State Taxation Of Multistate Enterprises, Howard Hunter

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This article began to develop in my mind during the fall of 1981 when I read the Supreme Court's opinion in Commonwealth Edison Co. v. Montana,1 as I was preparing notes for my first year constitutional law class. I was trying to determine how best to present to novices the sometimes dry and often confusing materials onthe Commerce Clause, and Commonwealth Edison, at first blush, seemed to be a good case to use with National League of Cities v. Usery2 to discuss the scope of permissible federal action under the Commerce Clause and the concomitant limitations on state action also …

Singapore, Kirpal Singh

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

Stare Decisis In Singapore And Malaysia: A Sad Tale Of The Use And Abuse Of Statutes, Andrew B.L. Phang

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

A study of the cases and literature with regard to stare decisis in Singapore and Malaysia will reveal at least one salient characteristic - the propensity, primarily of the Courts, to misread statutes and twist them (whether inadvertently or otherwise) in order to justify a particular conclusion. Ironically enough, at the end of the day, similar (though not identical) conclusions could have been reached without the need to resort to any particular statutory provision. In this short article, I shall not endeavour to retrace ground already well covered by others, but will set out, in rather summary form, further reflections …

Vertical Linkages And Multinational Enterprises In Developing Countries, Linda Y. C. Lim, Eng Fong Pang

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Many studies have concluded that multinational firms do not create significant technical and other vertical linkages in developing host countries. This case study of three multinational firms in the export-oriented electronics industry in Singapore shows that under certain conditions multinational firms can lead in creating local vertical linkages. It suggests that restrictive government policies to increase local purchases may not be necessary, effective or desirable in promoting local linkages by export-oriented multinational firms that respond primarily to international market conditions. The Singapore experience poinst to the importance of a healthy investment climate and rapid economic growth in encouraging multinational firms …

Believing The Self-Contradictory, John N. Williams

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Clearly, if a man holds a self-contradictory belief, then his belief cannot be rational, for there can be no set of evidence sufficient to justify it. This is most apparent when the self contradictory belief is a belief in a conjunction, (e.g., a belief that p & ~p), rather than when it is a non-conjunctive self-contradictory belief, e.g. a belief that red is not a color.

The Absurdities Of Moore's Paradoxes, John N. Williams

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

Toward A Better Understanding Of The Prior Restraint Doctrine: A Reply To Professor Mayton, Howard Hunter

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

In his Article on first amendment process, Professor Mayton challenges a "sacred cow" of current first amendment theology and, in so doing, forces us to consider more carefully the implications of certain accepted approaches to the resolution of disputes about speech. Much of what he says about the process by which government restrains speech is true, especially that the prior restraint doctrine has often been inadequately understood and inappropriately invoked. Nevertheless, some of his premises are subject to question. Furthermore, his conclusion that a prior restraint model provides a better mechanism for the protection of speech than does a subsequent …

A Reprise On Herbert V. Lando And The Law Of Defamation, Howard Hunter

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Three and a half years ago, in an article, published in a symposium issue of the Kentucky Law Journal focusing on the first amendment, I examined the United States Supreme Court decision of Herbert v. Lando. The Court held that reporters, editors and publishers are not protected by any "editorial privilege" from "state of mind" inquiries during discovery in a defamation case governed by the standard of liability set forth in New York Times Co. v. Sullivan. The Supreme Court decision in Lando stirred a mild flurry of academic comment, partly because it reversed the Second Circuit's broad ruling in …

Robotics And The Conservation Of Human Resources, Robert U. Ayres, Steven M. Miller

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Due to rapid expansion in the field of robotics, policy issues have arisen in regard to developing human skills to deal with the new technology and to deal with the obsolescent human skills which are the inevitable result of this growth pattern. Industrialists, educators, union leaders, and government officials must work cooperatively to insure that the coming changes are made with minimum disruption. Improved training methods and courses have to be developed for the skills needed to control, manage and supervise the new machines. Some of the ways in which this can be accomplished are through offering financial incentives for …

Constitutional Status Of Academic Freedom In The United States, Howard Hunter

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The history of universities has been one of intermittent struggle them or their constituent members and external groups seeking exercise control over the activities of teachers and students. Many European and American universities first developed in close co-ordination with churches. The ecclesiastical authorities long exercised, and some- times still do exercise, great control over curriculum, pedagogy extracurricular activities.1 Orthodoxy, not free inquiry, has more often not been the demand of the church. The secularisation of universities has freed them from much of the imposed religious orthodoxy, but has brought new agents of control into the picture, the most notable of …

Inconsistency And Contradiction, John N. Williams

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Inconsistency and contradiction are important concepts. Unfortunately, they are easily confused. A proposition or belief which is inconsistent is one which is self- contradictory and vice-versa. Moreover two propositions or beliefs which are contradictories are inconsistent with each other. Nonetheless it is a mistake to suppose that inconsistency is the same as contradiction.

Resource Taxation With Heterogeneous Quality And Endogenous Reserves, Robert F. Conrad, Bryce Hool

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper analyzes the impact of mining taxation on the intertemporal extraction profile for a heterogeneous ore body. The extraction profile specifies both quantities and qualities extracted in each period. Total extraction is thus endogenously determined. The taxes explicitly considered are severance taxes (ad valorem or per unit; on metal or on ore), property taxes, and profits taxes (with depletion allowance). The intertemporal framework integrates economic and geological factors, generating new results on extraction distortions and providing qualification or reconciliation of previous diverse results in this area.

Designing A Budgeting System With Planned Confusion, John Joseph Williams

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

The article explores the potential virtues of dual budgeting processes coexisting within a single budgeting information system for organizations experiencing changing environments. The treatment of discretionary cost activity in the traditional budgeting process is discussed and a comparison of the effectiveness of the techniques of zero-based budgeting and traditional budgeting is presented. Using both approaches simultaneously is said to hold potential for combining the best of both methods, but the cost-effectiveness of such a dual budgeting process is noted as a limiting factor.

Market Structure Analysis: Hierarchical Clustering Of Products Based On Substitution-In-Use, Rajendra Kumar Srivastava, Robert P. Leone, Allan D. Shocker

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

In this paper, product usage data, employing a substitution-in-use criterion, are analyzed and shown to yield managerially useful product-market structures for financial services. These structures are identified through a form of hierarchical clustering which is different from traditional clustering routines in that it focuses on the explained or accounted for variance in the categorization of objects, thereby reducing groupings due to chance covariation.

Justified Belief And The Infinite Regress Argument, John N. Williams

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

The background to this paper is the question of how rational belief is possible in the light of the commonly presented infinite regress in reasons. The paper investigates the neglected question of whether this regress is vicious. I argue that given the genuine requirements of rational belief, the regress would require the rational believer to hold an infinity of beliefs, which is impossible. The regress would not entail the rational believer holding an infinitely complex belief, which, admittedly, would be logically impossible.

The Economic Status Of Malay Muslims In Singapore, Eng Fong Pang

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

In 1965 Singapore separated from Malaysia to become an independent secular state in a region of Islamic nations. It had then an estimated per capita income of S$ 1,600' and a population of 1.9 million people, a sixth of them Muslim. Today, after sixteen years of rapid economic progress, it has a per capita income of S$10,0002 and a population of 2.4 million people. Of the population aged ten and over in 1980, 324,000 or one-sixth are Muslim. Ninety per cent of the Muslims in Singapore are Malays, nine per cent are Indians and Pakistanis, and one per cent belong …

The Role Of Technological Change, Robert U. Ayres, Steven M. Miller

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We develop an optimal growth model that includes several important new features. First, technological change is endogenously related to the growth of 'knowledge.' Investment may be directed either towards physical capital or knowledge (or both). Knowledge becomes an effective substitute for scarce resources by increasing the technical efficiency of resource utilization both for consumption and in capital. Nevertheless, a finite quantity resource must be embodied in capital and a finite flow is required for depreciation. Thus, there is an upper limit to technical efficiency and economic growth is thus ultimately limited by the availability of renewable resources. For a simple …

Universities And The Needs Of Local And Regional Communities, Howard Hunter

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

In February 1980, the Centre for Educational Research and Innovation (CERI) of the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) sponsored an international conference in Paris on the subject "Higher Education and The Community: New Partnerships and Interaction". The published results of that conference, as issued by the CERI Secretariat, are disturbing in their implications for universities as centres of advanced teaching and research, for the academic freedom of individual scholars and for the autonomy of institutions of higher education.The article comments on the outlook of the centre for educational research and innovation of the organisation for economic co-operation and …

The Continuing Debate Over Tuition Tax Credits, Howard Hunter

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Prior to the end of World War II, the federal government had little involvement in educational matters. Since then it has become a principal benefactor of higher education and has provided substantial financial assistance to public elementary and secondary schools. In addition, the federal government has funded various programs for preschool education, for adult education, for the training of physically or mentally disabled persons, for student loans, for veterans' benefits and for numerous other educational programs. Thus education, once a matter for private control and support and for local and state government regulation has now become a matter of significant …

Monetary And Fiscal Policies In Short Run Equilibria With Rationing, Bryce Hool

Research Collection School Of Economics

No abstract provided.

Criminal Liability For Complicity In Abortions Committed Outside Ireland, Mark Findlay

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The legislative provisions which make it an offence to procure a miscarriage unlawfully or assist in the unlawful procurement are to be found in sections 58 and 59 or the Offences Against the Person Act 1861. In recent years the most common way for an Irish woman to obtain an abortion has been to leave the Republic and obtain such an operation in Britain, where the restrictions imposed on the medical profession with regard to performing operations are far less onerous. How then would the Irish courts view secondary parties to such extra-territorial activities?

Correction To "Redundancy Optimization Of General Systems", H. Sivaramakrishnan, Arcot Desai Narasimhalu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Reader Aids-

Purpose: Report a correction

Special math needed: Probability

Results useful to: Reliability Theoreticians

Customer-Oriented Approaches To Identifying Product-Markets, George S. Day, Allan D. Shocker, Rajendra Kumar Srivastava

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The need to identify the boundaries of increasingly complex product-markets has spawned a number of analytical methods based on customer behavior or judgments. The various methods are compared and contrasted according to whether they are consistent with a conceptual definition of a product-market, and their ability to yield diagnostic insights.

Liquidity, Speculation, And The Demand For Money, Bryce Hool

Research Collection School Of Economics

No abstract provided.

Efficient Employment Of Cohorts Of Labor In The U.S. Economy: An Illustration Of A Method, A. E. Boardman, Steven M. Miller, A. P. Schinnar

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper presents a model for the analysis of efficient labor force participation in the U.S. economy. Ridge regression estimates of the elasticities of cohorts of labor, classified by sex and occupation, are used in conjunction with wage data to illustrate the derivation of efficient allocation of labor cohorts in five economic sectors. These efficient constructs are compared with actual census data for 1960 and 1970. The results, while tentative, show a trend toward more efficient utilization of labor and greater participation by women in the work force.